科技發(fā)展與信息技術(shù)創(chuàng)新，科學(xué)精神，信息安全課時(shí)練（一）一、主題語(yǔ)基拓展練（一）主題詞匯盤(pán)查（已會(huì)詞匯，在口內(nèi)打.“J”；欠熟練詞匯，多翻閱識(shí)記）?atmosphere□②gravity□?technological□?digital□⑤attack□?swiftly□?evident□?convenience□?advanced□?insert□@influence□(proposal□@ippealing□@breakthrough□(15)significance□@faccessible□?exploration□?introduction□?automatically□(fofengineer□（二）主題詞匯訓(xùn)練I.選詞填空(有兩詞多余)atmosphere,gravity,digital,attack,insert,breakthrough,evident,influence,engineerComparedwiththepast,manypeopledesiretohavearobotinthedigitaltimes.Thebossofthecompanyistryingtocreateaneasyatmospherewherehisemployeesenjoytheirwork.Whenadogattackedme,Ipickedupasticktodefendmyself.ThefallingofanapplefromatreehelpedNewtontodiscoverthelawofgravity.Thegapwaslargeenoughforhimtoinsertafinger.Determinedtomakeabreakthroughinhiscareer,heworksdayandnightinthecompany.Manyofthescientistsandengineersarejudgedintermsofhowgreattheirachievementsare.IL單句語(yǔ)法填空Thelegalaidsystemshouldbeaccessible(access)tomorepeople.Ihavelongbeeninterestedinspaceexploration(explore)andIbelieveIwearebecomingdependentonthewebthewebhelpsusmakecorrectdecisions解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段可知，Risk。教授的研究表明人們?cè)絹?lái)越依靠互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，故選C。Whatdoweknowaboutthequestionsaskedinthestudy?A.Theywerefunny. B.Theyweresimple.C.Theywerepersonal. D.Theyweredifficult.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句中的“general-knowledgequestions”可知，這些問(wèn)題非常簡(jiǎn)單。故選B。Inthestudy,theparticipantswithaccesstotheweb.mademoreprogressshowedlessconfidencegavewronganswersshowedmoreoptimism解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，能使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的人不如那些不能使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的人對(duì)自己有信心。故選B。Whatdoestheword“data”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Goal. B.Dream.C.Distance. D.Information.解析：選D詞義猜測(cè)題。畫(huà)線部分的上句提到，隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的普及人們能夠頻繁地接觸到大量的信息，由此可推知，data指的是上一句提到的information,故選D。H.閱讀七選五StudyLinksVideoGameUsetoProblemsinSchool—Theyshowthattoomanyhoursspentplayinggamescanreducestudents，chancesofsuccessinschool.Itissaidtobethefirsteverlong-termstudyinNorthernIrelandontheinfluenceofinformationtechnologyonschooltestresults.Thestudyfoundthatsocialmediausedidnotaffectschoolperformance.CalineMcStravickisthedirectoroftheNationalChildren，sBureauNorthernIreland.Shesaysthestudyshowednoconnectionbetweensocialmediaandtestresults.”―4—Ithinkthat，smorebecausesocialmediaispartofeverychild，slife.ItJsthewaytheycommunicate.ItJsthewaytheykeepintouchwiththeirfriends.”5_Itsuggestedthatcomputergamescancausechildrentostayawakelateatnight.Lesssleepmakeschildrentiredandunabletopayattentioninschoolthenextday.However,thestudydidnotexploreaddiction.Thenewgamesaremuchdifferentfromolderones.Itwasclearthatsocialmediadidn，thaveanyeffect.Ittookplaceoveraperiodofthreeyearsfrom2013to2015.Thatcomparedwith77%ofthosewhorarelyplayedthegames.Drugaddictiondoesgreatharmtotheirhealthandperformanceatschool.Britain，sNationalChildren，sBureauNorthernIrelandreportedtheresultsofthestudy.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了孩子花費(fèi)過(guò)多時(shí)間玩電腦游戲的危害「.選G根據(jù)空前一句和空后的"Theyshowthattoomanyhours”可知，這項(xiàng)新研究警告，花費(fèi)過(guò)多時(shí)間玩電腦游戲會(huì)影響孩子們的在校表現(xiàn)；據(jù)此可以判斷，空處是這一研究結(jié)論的來(lái)源，故選G。.選D根據(jù)空后一句可知，空處介紹的是研究的時(shí)間，故選D。.選E根據(jù)空前一句可知，E項(xiàng)中的“77%”以及“compared”都表明是與空前一句的比較。.選C根據(jù)空前一句可知，社交媒體與考試成績(jī)之間沒(méi)有聯(lián)系，C項(xiàng)中的“socialmedia”與空前一句中的“socialmedia”相對(duì)應(yīng)，且下文內(nèi)容對(duì)C項(xiàng)進(jìn)行了解釋說(shuō)明。故選Co.選A空前一句說(shuō)一些家長(zhǎng)將玩電腦游戲與毒癮進(jìn)行了對(duì)比，根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容可以判斷，空處是一個(gè)承上啟下句，與前文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選A。.書(shū)面表達(dá)為了共同防控新型冠狀病毒肺炎，學(xué)期初教育部發(fā)布了延期開(kāi)學(xué)的通知，全國(guó)各地執(zhí)行“停課不停教，停課不停學(xué)”的工作安排，學(xué)生在家進(jìn)行了一個(gè)多月的網(wǎng)課學(xué)習(xí)。假定你是晨光中學(xué)的李華，作為參與網(wǎng)課學(xué)習(xí)的一員，請(qǐng)你向第力報(bào)刊所開(kāi)辟的“OnlineTeaching"專(zhuān)欄投稿，就近期的網(wǎng)課學(xué)習(xí)體驗(yàn)談?wù)劸€上教學(xué)的利與弊。內(nèi)容包括：.線上教學(xué)的利弊；.個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)與看法。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；.開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：新型冠狀病毒肺炎：C0VID-19DearEditor,Yourssincerely,LiHua參考范文：DearEditor,AsaresultofthespreadofCOVID-19,theMinistryofEducationissuedanoticetopostponethestartofschool.Nearlyallthestudentsreceiveonlineteachingathome.Asweallknow,everythinghastwosides.Ontheonehand,onlineteachingnotonlycanpreventusfrombeingaffected,butalsocanbeconvenientforourdailylifeandstudy.Moreover,afterclasswecanfindthevideoswhichwedidnotunderstandandthenstudyagain.Ontheotherhand,onlineteachingwillincreaseourchancestousecomputer,whichwillbeharmfultoourhealth.What'smore,onlineteachingwillreducethecommunicationamongstudentsandteachers.Inmyopinion,Ipreferonlineeducationbecauseitcanhelpussavealotoftime.Yourssincerely,LiHuacouldlearnalotfromtheastronautaboutit.Asweallknow,thesteamenginewasthegreatesttechnological(technology)advanceofthe19thcentury.Theyplantofocusonlearningadvanced(advance)technologyfromdevelopedcountries,andbuildupthefoodsupply.Privatecarshavebecomeapopularmeansoftransport,bringinggreatconvenience(convenient)toourlife.Mycomputerhasaprogramwhichcancorrectmyspellingsautomatically(automatic).Puttingourselvesintheirshoesisofgreatsignificance(significant)whenwehaveconflictswithfriends.Withtheintroduction(introduce)ofdigitalequipment,agrowingaudiencehasbeenbroughtbacktothecinemainthepastyears.in.用本單元詞匯替換加藍(lán)詞Artsometimesisinfluencedbythewayoflifeandbeliefofthepeople.affectedHepulledattheoarsandtheboatmovedswiftlythroughthewater.rapidly.Shedoeslookratherappealinginthatdress.attractiveMyteacherrecommendedmetobemonitorofourclassbutIdidn，twanttoaccept his proposal.suggestionFromthelookonJoe'sfaceitwasevidentthatthenewscameasacompleteshock,obvious二、主題語(yǔ)篇押題練I.閱讀理解TheInternethasbecomepartofmodernlife,bringingconvenientservicestoeveryonewhocanconnect.WhileitseemshardtolivewithouttheInternet,italsobringsnewproblems.Forexample,individuals,organizationsandevengovernmentscanbecometargetsofcyberattacks.The2020markedChina'ssixthannualCybersecurityWeek,heldfromSept.16to22nationwide.TheopeningceremonyandmajoractivitieswereheldinTianjin.Firstlaunchedin2014,theeventwasdesignedtoraisepublicawarenessoftheimportanceoffightingonlinethreatsandcyberattacks.Thethemeofthisyear'seventis^cybersecurityforthepeopleandbythepeoplev.Theleaking（泄露）ofpersonalinformationnowstandsout."Effortsshouldbemadetoraisepeople，ssenseoffulfillment,happinessandsecurityincyberspace,”saidanofficialinaninstructionfortheevent."Thecountrywillsafeguardthesecurityofpersonalinformationandcitizens，legalrightsandinterestsincyberspace."Accordingtoareportfromthe2017ChinaInternetSecurityConference,morethan90percentofAndroidsmartphonesforsaleinChinacontainedserioussafetybugs.Suchflaws（缺陷）allowhackerstocontrolentirephonesandobtaintheusers'passwords,bankinformationandmore.Toprotectpersonalinformation,ChinaissueditsfirstcybersecuritylawinJune2017.Onekeypartofthislawismeanttoprotectpersonalinformation.Itrulesthatnetworkoperatorsarenotallowedtoleak,changeordamagethepersonalinformationtheygather.Theyarealsonotallowedtogivepersonalinformationtoothersfreely.ApartfromChina,issuinglawstoprotectpersonalinformationandpreventjunkelectronicinformationisacommonpracticeinothercountries.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)帶來(lái)的新問(wèn)題一一個(gè)人信息泄露，同時(shí)提到了中國(guó)對(duì)此采取的措施。Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?TointroducethenewInternet-basedproblems.ToshowreadersanewInternet-basedtrend.Tomakealistofnewcybercrimesonline.Tocallforprotectionofpersonalsecurity.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第二句可知，本段的主要目的是引出文章的中心話題：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題。故選A。WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?Androidsmartphonessalesareonthedecrease.Personaldataprotectioncomesintofocus.Netizensaresensitivetoonlineinformation.Nearlyallsmartphonescontainsecurityflaws.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段首句可知，本段主要在闡述個(gè)人信息通過(guò)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)泄露的問(wèn)題，由此可推知，保護(hù)個(gè)人信息安全引起了人們的關(guān)注。故選B。WhodoesChina，sfirstcybersecuritylawmainlyintendtoregulate?A.Websitedesigners. B.Illegalhackers.C.Networkoperators. D.Internet-basedcompanies.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后兩句"Itrulesthatnetworkoperators.?.freely.”可知，中國(guó)首部網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全法的主要目的是規(guī)范網(wǎng)絡(luò)運(yùn)營(yíng)商。故選C。Whatwillbeprobablymentionedafterthelastparagraph?Foreignpracticestosafeguardcybersecurity.Countriesproducinglawsofnationalsecurity.Effectivewaystodealwithpersonalsecurity.Adviceonhowtoavoidleakingpersonaldata.解析：選A推理判斷題。最后一段提及除中國(guó)外其他國(guó)家也在保護(hù)個(gè)人信息安全，由此可以推知，后文要講述其他國(guó)家在這方面采取的措施。故選A。H.完形填空(2021?長(zhǎng)治質(zhì)檢)OneofmyearliestmemorieswaswatchingmyMomtalkonouroldtelephone.Iwas1.thatshecouldtalktosomeonewhowasn，tactuallyinthe2withher.Whenshefinallyhungupandlefttheroom,Islowlywalkedovertothephoneand3—atitforawhile.Iwaswonderinghowshemanagedtotalkwithsomeoneshecouldn，t4.Thatwasalongtimeago.5wehadmobilephonesthatcouldbe6aroundtheroom.Thencamecomputersandsmartphones.ThesedaysIcansenda(n)7halfwayaroundtheworldinasecond.Mydaughter，ssmartphonehasahundredappsandadozensocialmediaaccounts.She8—allofherinformationinamysteriousplace9—as“thecloud”.Itseemsthatwearemore―Winthisworldthaneverbefore.11—,whatbothersmeisthatwe12connectwitheachothernowadays.Fewpeoplewriteletterstoeachotherthesedays.Fewtakethetimetotalk13?Insteadoftalkingonthephone,wetext.Insteadoflookingintotheeyesofourlovedones,westareatour14.Itseemsasifthemostconnectedgenerationswerealsothe_英_.Don，tlettechnologytakeourtimeand16ourlife.Makethetimetotalk,tolive,andtolove.Makethetimetomeetandtocommunicatewitheachother.Takeawalkonthebeachwitha.Sitontheporchandwatchthesunset.Playagamewiththepeoplearoundyou.Havealongconversationwiththephonesoffandthe^8on.Connectofflineaswellasonline.Weshould19eachother,helpeachotherandmakethisworlda_20―place.Whenyourtechnologycanhelpyoutodothesethingsthenuseit.Butwhenitcan，tturnitoff.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。隨著現(xiàn)代科技的發(fā)展，很多人沉迷于手機(jī)，嚴(yán)重地影響了人們的生活。讓我們主動(dòng)放下手機(jī)，開(kāi)心地享受生活。B.fascinated1.A.disappointedC.shockedB.fascinatedC.shockedC.shockedD.annoyedC.shocked解析：選B根據(jù)空處所在的句子可知，作者的媽媽通過(guò)電話與在其他地方的人進(jìn)行交談，這強(qiáng)烈地吸引了(fascinated)作者。故選B。2.A.officeB.kitchenC.roomD.yard解析：選2.A.officeB.kitchenC.roomD.yard解析：選C根據(jù)下文“Whenshefinallyhung解析：選C根據(jù)下文“Whenshefinallyhung解析：選C根據(jù)下文“Whenshefinallyhungupandlefttheroom”可知，作者的媽媽在房間里(room)與他人通話。故選屋3.A.knocked3.A.knockedB.smiledC.pointedD.stared解析：選3.A.knockedB.smiledC.pointedD.stared解析：選D根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，作者對(duì)此很好奇,解析：選D解析：選D根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，作者對(duì)此很好奇,因此走到電話旁，盯著電話看了一會(huì)兒。stareat是固定搭配，意為“盯著”。故選D。A.seeB.hearC.knowD.touch解析：選A根據(jù)前文可知，作者想知道媽媽是如何設(shè)法與看(see)不見(jiàn)的人交談的。故選AoA.YetB.LaterC.ShortlyD.Once解析：選B根據(jù)上文的stareat是固定搭配，意為“盯著”。故選D。A.seeB.hearC.knowD.touch解析：選A根據(jù)前文可知，作者想知道媽媽是如何設(shè)法與看(see)不見(jiàn)的人交談的。故選AoA.YetB.LaterC.ShortlyD.Once解析：選B根據(jù)上文的“Thatwasalongtimeago.”可知，這里交代時(shí)間的先后順序，先有電話,之后(Later)就有了可以隨身攜帶的(carried)手機(jī)。故選B。A.borrowedC.carried解析：選C參見(jiàn)上題解析。A.letterC.telegraphrepairedD.soldinvitationD.e-mail解析：選D根據(jù)空處所在的句子可知，現(xiàn)在能在很短時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)電子郵件(e-mail)。故選DoA.storesB.sharesC.downloads D.updates解析：選A根據(jù)空后的“thecloud”和常識(shí)可知，“云空間”是儲(chǔ)存信息的地方，作者的女兒把所有的信息儲(chǔ)存(stores)在云盤(pán)里。故選AoA.appointed B.knownC.remembered D.considered解析：選B根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，作者的女兒把信息儲(chǔ)存在一個(gè)被稱(chēng)為“云空間”的神秘的地方。beknownas是固定搭配,意為“被稱(chēng)作”。故選B。A.convenient B.informedC.connected D.knowledgeable解析：選C根據(jù)空處所在的句子和常識(shí)可知，智能手機(jī)讓我們比以前聯(lián)系(connected)更密切了。故選C。A.Meanwhile B.MoreoverD.HoweverC.ThereforeD.However解析：選D根據(jù)空處所在句可知，智能手機(jī)雖然讓我們更親密了，然而(however)人與人之間的“聯(lián)系”越來(lái)越少(rarely)了。故選D。B.nearlyD.neverB.nearlyD.neverB.facetofaceD.backtobackC.usually解析：選A參見(jiàn)上題解析。A.handinhandC.sidebyside解析：選B根據(jù)空處所在句可知，很少人花費(fèi)時(shí)間去面對(duì)面地(facetoface)與他人進(jìn)行交談。故選B。14.A.notebooksbulletinboard14.A.notebookssmartphones D.bluesky解析：選C根據(jù)空處所在句可知，我們不是看著親人的眼睛，而是盯著智能手機(jī)(smartphones)看。故選C。A.healthiest B.wealthiestC.happiest D.loneliest解析：選D根據(jù)空處所在句可知，聯(lián)系最方便的這代人也是最孤獨(dú)的(loneliest)。故選DoA.ruin B.enrichD.changeC.improveD.change解析：選A根據(jù)空處所在句可知，不要讓先進(jìn)的技術(shù)奪走我們的時(shí)間，毀掉(ruin)我們的生活。故選A。17.A.guideB.friendC.strangerD.tourist解析：選B根據(jù)空處所在句可知，和你的朋友（friend）一起去海濱散步。故選B。18.A.electricityB.musicC.heartsD.lights解析：選C關(guān)掉電話，敞開(kāi)心扉（hearts）,進(jìn)行一次長(zhǎng)談。故選C。19.A.beatB.impressC.influenceD.love解析：選D根據(jù)空所在的句子可知，我們應(yīng)該彼此相愛(ài)（love）,互相幫助，讓這個(gè)世界更加美好（better）。故選D。20.A.betterB.cleanerC.newerD.quieter解析：選A參見(jiàn)上題解析。課時(shí)練（二）一、主題語(yǔ)基拓展練（一）主題詞匯盤(pán)查（已會(huì)詞匯，在口內(nèi)打“ ；欠熟練詞匯，多翻閱識(shí)記）?substitute?popularity③portable?download?milestone?accelerate(Sacrifice@bonnection?patent@determination?jpdate（二）主題詞匯訓(xùn)練I.選詞填空?software?electronic?alternative?transplant(Equipment@bffective@Lidvantage(^Achievement@)inventiondownload,substitute,electronic,accelerate,alternative,1.Thedriversteppedonthegasandacceleratedthecar.update,advantage2.WhenevernecessarytheycandownloadallkindsofinformationfromtheInternet.Wemustsubstituteanewchairforthebrokenone.Ihavenoalternativebuttoreporthimtothepolice.Theadvantageofcyclingtoworkisthatwecanlivealow-carbonlife.Inaddition,manyofthecomputersintheelectronicreadingroomdon，tworkwell.Newsurveyssuggestthatpeoplearemorestressfulandworkinglongerhoursthaneverwithtechnologicaltoolsconstantlyupdated..單句語(yǔ)法填空Wehavetakeneffective(effect)measurestopreserveournaturalresources.Maryfeltcutofffromtheoutsideworld,sinceshelackedanInternetconnection(connect)andcouldn，treceiveanye-mail.Withthepopularity(popular)oftheInternet,moreandmorepeopleprefertogoshoppingonlinebecauseofitsadvantages.Mostoftheteachingequipment(equip)presentedbytheHopeProject,aswellasthebooks,ismadegooduseofinthevillageschool.Bravemenandwomensacrificeeverythingtomakethisworldasaferplace.Manypeopleconsiderthecellphoneasoneofthegreatestinventions(invent)ofthelastcentury.ShewasawardedtheNobelPrizeinChemistryforherscientificachievements(achieve).Whenfacedwithproblems,weshouldovercomethemwithgreatdetermination(determine)andstrongwillpower..寫(xiě)出下列句中加藍(lán)詞的漢語(yǔ)意思Thekeyboardisalargeandclumsyinstrumentasfarasportablecomputersareconcerned. 便攜的Inourcountry,startingschoolisamilestoneforbothchildrenandparents.里程碑wouldclonealotofhumanorgans,soIcanletthosewhoneedorgantransplantregain their lives.移植.ThetrademarkisregisteredonthebookofthePatentOffice.專(zhuān)利.Youcanusethissoftwaretoburncustomcompilationsofyourfavoritetunes.軟件二、主題語(yǔ)篇押題練I.閱讀理解Peoplearelesswillingtorelyontheirknowledgeandsaytheyknowsomethingwhentheyhaveaccess（接近）totheInternet,suggestingthatourconnectiontothewebisaffectinghowwethink.ProfessorEvanRisko,oftheDepartmentofPsychologyattheUniversityofWaterloo,ledarecentstudywheretheteamaskedabout100participants（參與者）as