UNIT5Intotheunknown---Developingideas1.Studentscouldlearntomemorizesomewordsandphrases.2.Studentscouldgetthemainideaofthispassage.3.Studentscouldwritesentencesaboutthistopic.LearningAims:新單詞短語shipwreck/???prek/n.失事的船；沉船archaeological/?ɑ?k???l?d??k(?)l/adj.考古學的；coral/?k?r?l/n.珊瑚millimetre/?m?l??mi?t?/n.毫米barreleye/?b?r?la?/n.管眼魚upwards/??pw?dz/adv.向上，朝上trench/trent?/n.海溝Newwords!Newwords!新單詞短語equivalent/??kw?v(?)l?nt/adj.等同的；等值的；stack/st?k/v.（使）整齊地堆起；摞起furthermore/?f??e??m??/adv.此外；而且；notable/?n??t?b(?)l/adj.顯要的；顯著的；值得注意的substance/?s?bst?ns/n.物質vessel/?ves(?)l/n.船；艦drilling/dr?l??/n.鉆探；勘探Asyouread,noticethediscoursemarkersusedinthetext,eginaddition,also,however,furthermore,aswellas.Thesemarkersfunctionlikeroadsigns,helpingyouconnectideasandunderstandthewriter’sattitudeandopinions.Learningtolearn重點詞匯discourse論文;演講inaddition此外furthermore此外Lookatthepicturesandanswerthequestions.1.Whatarezonesintheocean?SunlightZone,TwilightZone,MidnightZoneandAbyssalZone.Whichpartsoftheoceanhavebeenexplored?Giveyourideas.SunlightZone,TwilightZone.1Lyingunderwatersacrosstheglobeareanestimated

threemillionshipwrecks.Allofthemrepresent

attemptsoverthecenturiestoexploreEarth’sfurthest

corners.AmongtheseistheEsmeralda,theearliest

wreckfromtheageoftheEuropeanexplorationof

Asia.Today,some500yearsaftertheEsmeraldaset

sail,thereislittle–ifany–landonourplanetleft

unexplored.WehavemoredetailedmapsoftheMoon,

andevenofVenusandMars,thanwedoofEarth’sownseabed.1據估計，全球有300萬起沉船事故。所有這些都代表了幾個世紀以來探索地球最遙遠角落的嘗試。其中包括埃斯梅拉達號，這是歐洲探索亞洲時代最早的沉船。今天，在“埃斯梅拉達”號啟航約500年后，我們的星球上幾乎沒有——如果有的話——未被探索的土地。我們有比地球海床更詳細的月球地圖，甚至金星和火星地圖。

2Givenourlimitedknowledge,itisperhapsnosurprise

thatexplorationoftheoceanscontinuestoleadto

discoveriesinvariousscientificfields.Aswiththe

discoveryoftheEsmeralda,manyarchaeologicalfinds

aremadeinshallowwatersnearthecoast.Thesemay

sometimesincludewholecitiesburiedbeneaththe

waves.OnesuchfindistheancientRomancityof

Neápolis,discoveredoffthecoastofTunisia.Believed

tohavebeenburiedunderwaterbyatsunamiinthe

fourthcenturyAD,theruinsofNeápolisarealmost

2,000yearsold.Theremainingstreetsandbuildings

offerawindowintoafascinatingperiodinourhistory.

However,weareonlybeginningtoovercomethe

challengesofpressure,darknessandextremecoldat

vastdepths.Fragmentsofthepastlyingdeepbeneath

theoceansarestillwaitingtobediscovered.

2鑒于我們的知識有限，對海洋的探索繼續(xù)導致各種科學領域的發(fā)現也許并不奇怪。與埃斯梅拉達號的發(fā)現一樣，許多考古發(fā)現都是在海岸附近的淺水區(qū)發(fā)現的。這些有時可能包括被海浪淹沒的整個城市。其中一個發(fā)現是在突尼斯海岸發(fā)現的古羅馬城市奈波利斯。Neápolis遺址據信在公元四世紀被海嘯淹沒在水下，距今已有近2000年的歷史。剩下的街道和建筑為我們歷史上一個迷人的時期提供了一扇窗戶。然而，我們才剛剛開始克服巨大深度的壓力、黑暗和極端寒冷的挑戰(zhàn)。海底深處的過去碎片仍在等待被發(fā)現。

3Amazingbiologicaldiscoveriesarealsobeingmade.Thedarkzonesoftheoceansmaycontainupto90percentoftheplanet’sfish.Inthesewaters,morethan200metresdeep,wherelightcannotreach,areextraordinarycreaturesthatappearasiftheyarestraightoutofsciencefiction.Imaginebone-whitecoral6,000metresbelowtheocean’ssurface,growingattherateofonlyoneortwomillimetresperyear.Someofthesecouldbe4,000yearsold.Swimmingthroughtheseblackdepthsisthebarreleye,astrangefishwitheyesthatcanlookupwardsthroughitstransparentforehead.Intheverydeepestoceantrenchesthataremorethan8,000metresbelowthesurface,thepressureisequivalentto50aeroplanesstackedoneontopofanother.Yetthereisstilllifetobefound,evenaroundthedeep-seavolcanicopenings.Thesediscoveriesallhelpusunderstandthecapacityforlifeonourplanet,eveninthemostextremecircumstances.3驚人的生物發(fā)現也在不斷涌現。海洋的黑暗地帶可能含有地球上90%的魚類。在這些200多米深、光線無法到達的水域中，有一些非同尋常的生物，看起來就像是科幻小說中的直接生物。想象一下，骨白色珊瑚在海面下6000米處，以每年僅一兩毫米的速度生長。其中一些可能有4000年的歷史。在這些黑色的深處游動的是桶眼魚，這是一種奇怪的魚，它的眼睛可以透過透明的前額向上看。在地表下8000多米的最深海溝中，壓力相當于50架飛機一架疊在另一架上。然而，即使在深?；鹕娇谥車杂猩写l(fā)現。這些發(fā)現都有助于我們了解地球上的生命能力，即使在最極端的情況下也是如此。

4Furthermore,theoceansareavaluablesourceofnaturalresources,someof

whicharecompletelynewtous.MostnotableoftheseisChina’sdiscovery

ofanice-likesubstance,knownas“fireice”,undertheSouthChinaSea.Inaddition,China’sunderwatervessels,suchastheJiaolongandShenhai

Yongshi,havebeenexploringwatersatdepthsofthousandsofmetres.TheJiaolongevenholdstherecordforthedeepestdivebyamanned

submarine,at7,062metres,givingChinaitsplacealongsidetheworld’stopoceanexplorers.Theresearchconductedbythesevesselsisgivingscientistsagreaterunderstandingofhowtheseabedwasformed,aswellashelpingidentifyareasfordeep-seadrilling,takingdeep-seaexplorationintoawholenewera.4此外，海洋是一個寶貴的自然資源來源，其中一些對我們來說是全新的。其中最值得注意的是，中國在南中國海海底發(fā)現了一種被稱為“火冰”的類冰物質。此外，中國的水下船只，如“蛟龍”號和“神海永世”號，一直在探索數千米深處的水域?！膀札垺碧柹踔帘３种?062米的載人潛艇最深潛水紀錄，使中國與世界頂級海洋探險家并列。這些船只進行的研究使科學家們更深入地了解海床是如何形成的，并有助于確定深海鉆探區(qū)域，將深?？碧綆胍粋€全新的時代。5海洋深處是一個完全黑暗、巨大壓力和嚴寒的艱苦環(huán)境，長期以來人類無法探索。然而，通過更密切的國際科學、經濟和文化合作，我們都正在成為全球使命的一部分，以打開我們星球的最后邊界。人類正在進入一個海洋發(fā)現的新時代，有一天，海浪下的世界可能會和我們今天行走的土地一樣熟悉。

5Beingatoughenvironmentofcomplete

darkness,enormouspressureandintense

cold,theoceandepthshavelong

beenbeyondthereachofhuman

exploration.However,through

closerinternationalscientific,

economicandcultural

cooperation,weareall

becomingpartofaglobal

missiontoopenupour

planet’sfinalfrontier.

Humankindisentering

anewageofoceanic

discovery,andtheworld

beneaththewavesmay

onedaybealmostas

familiartousasthe

landwewalk

upontoday.

Whathasbeendiscoveredintheoceandepths?ShipwrecksoftheEsmeralda,ruinsofancientcitiesandthesubstanceknownas“fireice”havebeendiscoveredintheoceandepths.DivingdeepIntroductionOceanexplorationConclusionPara.2:theruinsofNeapolisPara.3:amazingbiologicaldiscoveriesPara.4:discoveryofnaturalresourcesHumankindisenteringanewageofoceanicdiscovery.Para.2-4Introducethetopic.deepseaArchaeologicalshallowwatersvastdepthstheruinsofNeapolisBiologicalthecapacityforlifetheplanet’sfishbone-whitecoralthebarreleyelifetobefoundtheseabeddeep-seadrilling“fireice”vessels1.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?1.Millionsofshipwreckslyingunderwaters.2.Human’sexplorationinthesea.3.Thetoughenvironmentofthesea.4.Somenewdiscoveriesinthedeepsea.22.WhichisTRUEofthepassage?A.Wehaveknownallabouttheearth.B.Evenawholecitymaybeburiedinthesea.C.Mostofthefishesliveinshallowwaters.D.Humanshavereachedthedeepestareaoftheocean.2Whydoyouthinktheauthorusesstatisticsinthepassage?Itmakesthepassagemorecovincing.重點詞匯oneday一天；一日befamiliarto熟悉;為…所熟悉naturalresources天然資源;自然資源Inaddition此外，另外;加之;除…之外deep-seadrilling深海鉆探beequivalentto相當于;等同于oneontopofanother重疊stilllife靜物;靜物畫wreck沉船;unexplored無人涉足的offthecoast在海面上leadto導致;通向WritingabouttheunexplainedAlongaspeciallineoflatitude,knownasthe30thparallelnorth,lienumeroussitesofancientcivilisationsandimpressivenaturalfeatures.Ancientcivilisationsappearedontheparallel,includingBabylon,withitsfamoustower;Egypt,withitspyramids;China,withitsSanxingduiculture,etc.Thesecivilisationsappearedatasimilartime,andalldevelopedadvancedbronze-makingtechniques.Weretheypartofasinglesuper-civilisation,assomethink?Whatisyourunderstandingofthispart?沿著一條被稱為北緯30度的特殊緯度線，分布著許多古代文明遺址和令人印象深刻的自然特征。古代文明出現在平行線上，包括擁有著名塔樓的巴比倫；埃及，有金字塔；中國，三星堆文化等。這些文明出現在相似的時間，都發(fā)展出了先進的青銅制造技術。正如一些人所認為的那樣，它們是單一超級文明的一部分嗎？It’sarguedthatthe30thparallelnorthisalineofgreatnatural

energy,withfrequentearthquakesandvolcaniceruptions.

Thiscreatesamazingnaturalfeatures,includingMount

Qomolangma,theDeadSea,andrivers,suchastheNile,the

MississippiandtheYangtze.Lackinganyconcreteevidence,

someevenclaimitwassupernaturalpowers!

Scientists,however,disputethesetheories.It’smorelikely,

theyargue,thatcivilisationsaroseonthe30thparallel

northbecausetheclimatethereisgenerallywarmand

damp.Majortectonicplatesmeetatthislatitude,causing

earthquakes,whichhelpedformtheHimalayas.Therest,they

say,iseithercoincidenceorfantasy.有人認為，北緯30度是一條巨大的自然能量線，地震和火山爆發(fā)頻繁。這創(chuàng)造了令人驚嘆的自然景觀，包括珠穆朗瑪峰、死海和尼羅河、密西西比河和長江等河流。由于缺乏