抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第1頁(yè)抗菌肽

=

抗菌?≠抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第2頁(yè)抗菌肽

Antimicrobialpeptides(AMPs)1972年瑞典學(xué)者Boman等首先在天蠶蛹體內(nèi)誘導(dǎo)出含有抗菌活性小分子多肽-天蠶素(Cecropins)陸續(xù)發(fā)覺如蛙皮素（Magainins)、蜂毒素（Protegrins)和防御素(Defensins)等;一個(gè)古老而廣泛存在天然防御機(jī)制;存在于細(xì)菌、原生動(dòng)物、植物、以及從昆蟲到魚類、兩棲動(dòng)物和哺乳動(dòng)物等;當(dāng)前已經(jīng)發(fā)覺了上千種抗菌肽.抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第3頁(yè)抗菌肽名稱之演變Anti-BacterialPeptides

(ABPs)Anti-MicrobialPeptides

(AMPs)HostDefensePeptides(HDPs)抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第4頁(yè)P(yáng).granulatusP.centralisS.lycopersicum抗菌肽是一個(gè)古老而廣泛存在天然防御成份，其存在于,發(fā)覺于細(xì)菌、真菌、原蟲、植物、動(dòng)物甚至人類本身。抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第5頁(yè)ImmunityofInvertebrate

在無(wú)脊椎動(dòng)物，因?yàn)闆]有完善適應(yīng)性免疫系統(tǒng)，抗菌肽可能是最主要防御成份。DrosomycinfromMuscadomesticaCecropinfromAntheraeayamamai

抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第6頁(yè)抗菌肽分布廣泛抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第7頁(yè)多肽Peitidesname種類Kinds抗性譜Spectrum成熟肽序列MatureSequences凈電荷NetchargeProtegrin-1CathelicidinG+,G-,F,VRGGRLCYCRRRFCVCVGR-NH2+6Protegrin-2CathelicidinG+,G-,F,VRGGRLCYCRRRFCICV-NH2+5Protegrin-3CathelicidinG+,G-,F,VRGGGLCYCRRRFCVCVGR-NH2+6Protegrin-4CathelicidinG+,G-,F,VRGGRLCYCRGWICFCVGR-NH2+6Protegrin-5CathelicidinG+,G-,F,VRGGRLCYCRPRFCVCVGR-NH2+6PR-39CathelicidinG-RRRPRPPYLPRPRPPPFFPPRLPPRIPPGFPPRFPPRFP-NH2+9PMAP-23CathelicidinG+,G-RIIDLLWRVRRPQKPKFVTVWVR+6PMAP-36CathelicidinG+,G-GRFRRLRKKTRKRLKKIGKVLKWIPPIVGSIPLGCG+13PMAP-37CathelicidinG+,G-GLLSRLRDFLSDRGRRLGEKIERIGQKIKDLSEFFQS+4Prophenin-1CathelicidinG-AFPPPNVPGPRFPPPNFPGPRFPPPNFPGPRFPPPNFPGPRFPPPNFPGPPFPPPIFPGPWFPPPPPFRPPPFGPPRFP+6Prophenin-2Cathelicidin?AFPPPNVPGPRFPPPNVPGPRFPPPNFPGPRFPPPNFPGPRFPPPNFPGPPFPPPIFPGPWFPPPPPFRPPPFGPPRFP+6pBD-1DefensinG+,G-KNIGNSVSCLRNKGVCMPGKCAPKMKQIGTCGMPQVKCCKRK+10pBD-2DefensinG+,G-DHYICAKKGGTCNFSPCPLFNRIEGTCYSGKAKCCIR+4NK-lysinSaposinG+,GGLICESCRKIIQKLEDMVGPQPNEDTVTQAASRVCDKMKILRGVCKKIMRTFLRRISKDILTGKKPQAICVDIKICKE+8CecropinP1CecropinG-SWLSKTAKKLENSAKKRISEGIAIAIQGGPR+4AMPsfromswine,adaptedfromGuolongZHANG,etal,Vet.Res.31()277–296抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第8頁(yè)DefensinsHD5aresecretedbyPanethcellsRedcirclesrepresentmatureHD5,FromTomasGanz,Naturereviews,,ImagebyD.Schumick抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第9頁(yè)SMAP-2937°C30min抗菌活性抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第10頁(yè)碩大利什曼原蟲

Leishmaniamajor1minexposuretodermaseptin抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第11頁(yè)抗菌肽作用機(jī)制之一：破壞細(xì)胞膜抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第12頁(yè)機(jī)體受到病毒感染后，防御素表示選擇性上調(diào)，并反過(guò)來(lái)抑制病毒復(fù)制

——fromMaryE.Klotmanetal.NATUREREVIEWS,抗菌肽作用機(jī)制之二：抗病毒活性抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第13頁(yè)粘膜上皮細(xì)胞中，防御素抑制病毒感染

——fromMaryE.Klotmanetal.NATUREREVIEWS抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第14頁(yè)防御素抗病毒分子機(jī)制.——fromMaryE.Klotmanetal.NATUREREVIEWS抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第15頁(yè)抗菌肽免疫調(diào)整活性，咱們當(dāng)前所知僅僅冰山一角!抗菌肽作用機(jī)制之三：免疫調(diào)整活性抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第16頁(yè)抗菌肽參加免疫調(diào)整反應(yīng)

——fromB.BrettFinlayetal.NATUREREVIEWS抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第17頁(yè)抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第18頁(yè)抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第19頁(yè)抗菌肽免疫調(diào)整功效參加感染去除；改變宿主基因表示；作為趨化因子及誘導(dǎo)趨化因子產(chǎn)生；促進(jìn)巨噬細(xì)胞吞噬活性；促進(jìn)傷口愈合；調(diào)控樹突狀細(xì)胞反應(yīng)；招募TB淋巴細(xì)胞

。動(dòng)物試驗(yàn)表明抗菌肽在預(yù)防和控制感染性疾病方面發(fā)揮著關(guān)鍵性作用；這種一開始被命名為“抗菌肽”物質(zhì)可能有許多大家還未探明功效?？咕倪h(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第20頁(yè)小結(jié)抗菌肽能夠作用于:細(xì)菌真菌囊膜病毒寄生原蟲腫瘤細(xì)胞主要作用機(jī)制:直接破壞細(xì)胞膜，殺滅病菌調(diào)控基因表示，殺滅病毒調(diào)整免疫，抵抗疾病與感染抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第21頁(yè)重組復(fù)合抗菌肽應(yīng)用

ApplicationofrecombinantAMPs抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第22頁(yè)降低母豬產(chǎn)死胎率

Greatlylowerdeathnewbornrate項(xiàng)目Item試驗(yàn)組Test對(duì)照組Control窩數(shù)Laborsow251257活仔數(shù)Bornalive24152340總死仔數(shù)Thenumberofdeath木乃伊數(shù)Mummies8(0.31%)192(7.15%)白死胎數(shù)Stillborn140(5.46%)150(5.59%)總仔數(shù)Livebornpiglets25632682窩均產(chǎn)仔Piglets/Laborsow10.2110.44總死胎率deathrate5.77%12.75%表.試驗(yàn)?zāi)肛i分娩活（死）仔率統(tǒng)計(jì)

Table.StatisticalDataofLiveBirth(Death)RateofTestSows《中國(guó)畜牧獸醫(yī)》，年第6期；廣東四會(huì)案例抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第23頁(yè)極大降低頭胎母豬死胎率

Remarkablelylowerdeathnewbornrateofnewsows《中國(guó)畜牧獸醫(yī)》，年第6期；廣東四會(huì)下布抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第24頁(yè)對(duì)母豬生產(chǎn)性能影響《飼料工業(yè)》，第15期；四川涼山科興豬業(yè)抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第25頁(yè)溫氏試驗(yàn)《豬業(yè)科學(xué)》，第8期；博羅溫氏抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第26頁(yè)提升仔豬成活率

increasingthesurvivalratesofpiglets試驗(yàn)時(shí)期TestPeriod哺乳階段Breast-feedingstage保育階段Nursingstage試驗(yàn)組Test對(duì)照組Control試驗(yàn)組Test對(duì)照組Control試驗(yàn)頭數(shù)Quantity2345頭2340頭2282頭2190頭存活數(shù)Survivalnumber2337頭2285頭2252頭2110頭存活率Survivalrate99.65%97.64%98.68%96.34%死亡率DeathRate0.35%2.36%1.32%3.76%豬仔哺乳、保育階段存活率統(tǒng)計(jì)

LivabilityatthePiglets’WeaningandNursingStage《中國(guó)畜牧獸醫(yī)》，年第6期；廣東四會(huì)下布抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第27頁(yè)對(duì)仔豬生產(chǎn)性能影響《當(dāng)代畜牧》，年第7期；深圳光明華僑畜牧抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第28頁(yè)提升巨噬細(xì)胞數(shù)量和活性

Improveamountandactivityofmacrophages表.。抗菌肽對(duì)小鼠巨噬細(xì)胞吞噬功效影響Table.EffectsofAntimicrobialpeptidesfeedadditiveonphagocytosisofmacrophageinmouse

表1抗菌肽對(duì)小鼠巨噬細(xì)胞吞噬功效影響effectsofAntimicrobialpeptidesfeedadditiveonphagocytosisofmacrophageinmouse組別group劑量dose(‰)吞噬率phagocytisrate(%)吞噬指數(shù)phagocytisindex(%)對(duì)照組Control023.56±7.060.33±0.12試驗(yàn)組Treatment1134.33±5.87**0.39±0.07**試驗(yàn)組Treatment2344.00±9.82**0.56±0.09**《動(dòng)物醫(yī)學(xué)進(jìn)展》，年第5期；佛山科技學(xué)院抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第29頁(yè)提升母豬豬瘟抗體數(shù)量和質(zhì)量

increasingtheantibodylevelofCSFV試驗(yàn)組Test對(duì)照組Control樣本數(shù)Sample比率Ratio樣本數(shù)Sample比率Ratio合格qualified1:51218880.34%7434.1%1:2562410.27%136.0%1:12862.56%3616.59%1:6483.42%3114.29%不合格unqualified1:3262.56%136.0%1:1620.85%2411.06%1:800177.83%1:40094.15%抗體水平Antibodylevel表.抗菌肽對(duì)母豬豬瘟抗體水平影響Table.EffectofAMPsonantibodylevelofCSFV《養(yǎng)豬》，年第5期；四會(huì)下布豬場(chǎng)抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第30頁(yè)使用時(shí)間越長(zhǎng)，效果越好Usethelongerthebetter《養(yǎng)豬》，年第5期；四會(huì)下布豬場(chǎng)抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第31頁(yè)提升TB淋巴細(xì)胞數(shù)量IncreasingtheamountofT,Bcells《養(yǎng)豬》第3期；佛山科技學(xué)院抗菌肽遠(yuǎn)不止是抗菌第32頁(yè)提升T淋巴細(xì)胞百分比Improvingtheratioof