Unit6

TextA

II.

1.A“nerd”issomeonewhodoeswellinschool,butissociallyunpopular.“Geek”

literallymeansastreetperformerwhobitestheheadsofffromchicken.Informally,it

isoftenusedbyteenstodescribeapersonwhois“uncool”ornotpopular.

2.Itshowsthatsuchstudents,andacademicskillsingeneral,arenotvaluedor

respected.

3.Thisphrasemeansthattheauthorfeelsitisnowtimetoreversethetrendandto

startrespectingintelligent,hardworkingstudents.

4.Becausegoodstudentsarenotrespectedinschoolaschildren,theydonothaveany

opportunitytodevelopthesocialskillsthatwouldmakethempopularasadults.

5.Hesuggeststhatpoorstudentsmuststopteasinggoodstudents.

6.HesaysthattheyaretreatedmuchbetterinothercountriesthanintheU.S..InEast

Asia,forexample,professorsarewell-paidandrespected,andtopstudentsarepraised

asgoodexamples.

7.HeforecaststhatitwillleadtoadownturnintheandtoaloweringofAmerica’s

placeintheworld.

8.Intheintroduction,thewayinwhich“nerd”and“geek”areusedtoillustratethe

valuewhichtheauthorisarguingagainst,Intheconclusion,hepointsoutthatwhen

thesewordsgainapositivemeaning,itwillindicatethatthebattlehasbeenwon.

IV.

1.shocked

5.intelligent

9.typical

13.compete

V.

2.admitted

6.acquire

10.pursult

3.pursue

7.average

11.imported

15.prestigious

4.prefer

8.cultivate

12.bite

14.constandtly

16.extent

1.dedicated,to

5.conformto

9.lookeddownupon

VI.

2.stoodachance

6.compares,to

10.adaptto

3.heldupas

7.doneawaywith8.deprivedof

11.insteadof

4.leastofall

12.keepup

1.fatherhood

5.adulthood

9.bachelorhood

13.scholarship

17.boredom

21.refusal

2.wisdom

6.sportsmanship7.relationship

10.editorship

14.doctorship

18.membership

22.arrival

3.betrayal

4.withdrawal

8.burial

12.citizenship

16.dismissal

20.denial

11.renewal

15.boyhood

19.partnership

23.approval

24.survival

VII.

1.Notuntilthepublicationofthearticledidthecometorealizethatsomethinghad

gonewrong.

2.Notuntilnextweekwillthefulltextofthereportbepubished.

3.Notuntilthetimeofthefinalexaminationsdidthestudentstarttoreadhisbooks.

4.Notuntilwereconsiderandchangethesystemofvaluesinoursocietywill

universityprofessorshipbecomerewardingpositions.

5.NotuntilhefledtoMoscowwithhisfamilydidhisroleasaSovietspybecome

known.

VIII.

1.Ifwearetopromotehighereducation,wemusttrytomakeuniversityprofesorship

themostprestigiouspositionsinthecountry.

2.Ifwearetoremainaworld-classpower,ouruniversitiesmustbeabletotrain

studentstobecomefirst-classscholarsandengineers.

3.Ifyouaretomakeyourchildapersonofknowledge,youmustencouragehimto

spendmoretimestudying.

4.Ifyouaretoapplyforthisscholarship,fillintheapplicationfromandreturnit

now.

5.IfwearetofurtherdeveloptheeconomyofShanghai,wehavetomakefulluseof

theYangtzeRiver.

IX.

1.stoppedbreathing

2.stoppedtothink

3.stopteasing

4.stoppedthinking,stoppedtrying5.stoppedtolisten

X.

1.Heisabletomakethepointasclearandconvincingashisteacher.

2.Thisisnotsomuchamatterofputtingmoremoneyintoeducationasamatterof

changingouranti-intellectualvalues.

3.Theythinkthatsocialckillsareasimportantasacdemicachievementtoastudent.

4.Thepurposeofthisarticleisnotsomuchtoanswerastodiscussthequestion.

5.Professionalballplayersareasrespectedandwellpaidasprofessorsinthis

country.

XI.

pursuit

down

negative

VII.

system

same

Rival

intellectual

Professional

compete

hardworking

hand

away

popular

institution

dedicated

1.Theproblemliesinhowpeoplelookatthosestudentsdedicatedtothepursuitof

knowledge.

2.Ourgivernmenthasdecidedtoputalotmoremoneyintoeducationthanbefore.

3.Wehavetotrainmorefirst-classengineerstocompeteinthetechnologyracewith

Japan.

4.Theintellectuallycuriousandhard-workingstudentsshouldbepraisedandheld

upasexamplestootherstudents.

5.Notuntilwedoawaywithouranti-intellectualismdowestandachancetoremain

aworld-classpower.

6.Wemustadaptourselvestothedemandsofourtimes,otherwisewe’llfallbehind

theotherindustrializednationsoftheword.

7.TheparentsareproudoftheirsonwhoisstudyingEnglishwhiletheother

childrenareplayingfootball.

8.DoyoureallyexpecttoimproveyourEnglishwithoutspendingmoretime

studyingit?

XIII.

Para.2a

Para.3and4e

Para.5and6f

Para.7and8.g

Para.9and10c

Para.11,12and13b

XIV.

Inhiseassay,“NerdsandGeeks,”LeonidFridmancriticizesaseriousproblemhe

seesinAmericansociety:peoplewhoaresmart,thebeststudentsinschoolsand

universities,theprofessorsandresearchersintheadultworld,arenotgiventherespect

thattheydeserve.Instead,Americansocietyrespectsandpraisespeoplewhoachieve

popularitythroughmoresupperficialmeans,suchasathletesandentertainers.This

prejudiceisshownintheuseofinsultingwordssuchas“nerd”and“geek”todescribe

thebest,mosthardworkingstudnetsevenatauniversitylikeHarvard.Fridmansays

thatinordertoremainasuccessful,competitivenation,changeitsattitudeandstart

respectingthesmartest,hard-workingcitizens.Onlywhenpeopleareproudofbeinga

nerdorageekwillthisimportantproblembesolved.

TextB

ExerciseA

para.2:theinfluenceoffashion

para.3:fads

IntheUnitedStates,evenpeoplecanbe“in”or“out”.

para.4:reasonsforsuchchanges

Whatcausessuchfadstocomeandgo?Andwhydosomanypeoplefollow

them?

para.5:thedifferencebetweenafadandatrend

Dr.Santinopointsoutthatit’ssomethingdifficulttoseethedifferencebetween

afadandatrend.

para.6:Eurokids

SomeoftheEurokids’fadswilldisappearandotherswillcomealong,buti