2022年陜西省咸陽市大學(xué)英語6級(jí)大學(xué)英語六級(jí)重點(diǎn)匯總（含答案）學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Pregnancy-relateddeathisthenumberonekillerofadultwomen.

A.YB.NC.NG

2.

Bypiecingtogetherallkindsofevidencecollectedbyvariousexpeditions,theresearchersbelievetheMayastobeIndians,whoseancestorshadcomefromAsia.

A.YB.NC.NG

3.

FortheentireIditarodrace,asleddogteamhastoeatsomuchasto______.

4.Whatshouldpeopledoduringthewarming-upexerciseforrunning?

A.Trytorunatabreathlessspeed.

B.Increasethepaceinagradualway.

C.Keeptalkingwiththeircompanions.

D.Warmupthemusclesbystretching.

5.

Comparedwithwhiteorrefinedstarchyfoods,wholegrainfoodsarericherin______.

6.HowmanyresidentsarelivinginDancingRabbitEcovillagenow?

A.Abouthalfahundred.

B.Aboutonehundred.

C.Aboutfivehundred.

D.Aboutonethousand.

7.

TopeoplelivingintheArctic.themeltingofsomeglaciersmaypermitnewopportunitiesfor______.

8.

Itis______thatplaystheleadingroleintheethnicintermixingoftheU.S.

9.

Nomatterwhatthemethodsweuse,thefinalresultisthatwewillneedtodecreaseCO2emissionsby70%to80%simplytostabilize______.

10.

Whenitcametomoneymatters,onedadhadahabitofputtinghisbraintosleep,theotherhadahabitof______.

11.

ItwasyoungRichard'sgrandmotherwhowasthefirsttofindthathehadagreattalentforabsorbingknowledge.

A.YB.NC.NG

12.

Fuller'sfamilydwellingwasnotfullyproducedmainlybecausetherewere______.

13.

Becauseofhisfailureonbusinessandthedeathofhisfamilymembers,hisworksaremarkedby______.

14.AccordingtoBobNelson,tostopthoserumoringaboutothers'promotions,it'sbetterfortheentrepreneurto______.

A.explainreasonsforthepromotions

B.orderthemtostopspreadingrumors

C.ignorethiskindofnegativebehaviours

D.promisepromotionforthoseemployees

15.

TheaimofKentucky'sBereaCollegeaboutgreencampusistoreduceitsenergyconsumption45percentbelow2000levelsby______.

16.

Themostimportantfactorthatleadstohungerindevelopingcountriesis______.

A.lostcrops

B.globalgreenhouseeffect

C.economiccrisis

D.poverty

17.

Now,forhumanbeings,eighty,ninetyarecomingtoberecognizedas

18.

ThethreearrestedinSudanwereregardedas______bylocalauthorities.

19.

Whatwillhappentoaperson'shealthinsuranceafteranearlyretirement?

A.Hewilllosealltheprotectionagainstmedicalproblem.

B.Hewillbecoveredbythesamepolicyforacertaintime.

C.Hedoesn'thavetopayforthehealthinsuranceanylonger.

D.Heonlyhastopaypartofhismonthlyinsurancepremium.

20.

Whyisitimportanttohavebreakfast?

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.聽力原文：Everycountrytendstoacceptitsownwayoflifeasbeingthenormaloneandtopraiseorcriticizeothersastheyaresimilartoordifferentfromit.Andunfortunately,ourpictureofthepeopleandthewayoflifeofothercountriesisoftenadistortedone.

Hereisagreatargumentinfavorofforeigntravelandlearningforeignlanguages.Itisonlybytravelingin,orlivingin.acountryandgettingtoknowitscitizensandtheirlanguage,thatonecanfindoutwhatacountryanditspeoplearereallylike.Andtheknowledgeonegainsthiswayfrequentlyturnsouttobedifferentfromthesecond-handinformationgatheredfromothersources.Howoftenwefindthattheforeignerswhomwethoughttobesuchdifferentpeoplefromourselvesarenotverydifferentafterall!Differencesbetweenpeoplesdo,ofcourseexistand,onehopes,willalwayscontinuetodoso.Theworldwillbeadullplaceindeedwhenallthedifferentnationalitiesbehaveexactlyalike,andsomepeoplemightsaythatwearerapidlyapproachingthisstateofaffairs.Withthemuchgreaterrapidityandeaseoftravel,theremightseemtobesometruthinthisatleastasfarasEuropeisconcerned,Howeverthismaybe,atleast,thegreatereaseoftraveltodayhasrevealedtomorepeoplethaneverbeforethattheEnglishmanorFrenchmanorGermanisnotsomedifferentkindofanimalfromthemselves.

(30)

A.Theywillfindoutwhatitspeoplelike.

B.Theywillargueinfavorofthiscountryandthelanguage.

C.Theywillknowthecountryanditspeoplebetter.

D.Theywilllikeitsinhabitantsandtheirlanguage.

22.

【B2】

23.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

聽力原文：Jazzbeganintheearly20thcenturyasakindofmusicofblackAmericans.Itwas(36)intendedforsinging,fordancing,andforentertainmentandatmosphereatpartiesorsocial(37)gatherings.

JazzhascontinuedtodevelopandhasproducedsomeoftheUnitedStates'leadingsingers,instrumentalists,and(38)composers.Today,it's(39)consideredbymanytobeAmerica'sartmusic.Ithasalso(40)influencedalmosteveryotherkindofmusicinAmerica,Europe,andeventhe(41)Orient.

Jazzrepresentsa(42)blendingofmusicalelementsfromAfricaandfromEurope.JazzusessomeEuropeanideasof(43)harmonyandmelody,buttherhythmsaremoreAfricaninorigin.Andjazzispolyrhythmic,(44)whichmeansitusesmanyrhythmsaroundonebasicrhythm.

Themostimportantfeatureofjazzisimprovisation.(45)Toimprovisemeanstomakesomething,uponthespurofthemoment.Thisisthewayjazzisusuallyplayed.Jazzmusicianshavelearnedtoimprovisesowellthattheycanmakeupexcellentmelodiesastheyplay.AgoodJazzplayerseldomplaysanythingthesamewaytwice.(46)Thuslisteningto.jazzisnotlikehearingapieceofmusicthatwaswrittenlongago.Itislikebeingtherewhenthemusicisfirstbeingmade.

Jazzbeganintheearly20thcenturyasakindofmusicofblackAmericans.Itwas【B1】forsinging,fordancing,andforentertainmentandatmosphereatpartiesorsocial【B2】.

JazzhascontinuedtodevelopandhasproducedsomeoftheUnitedStates'leadingsingers,instrumentalists,and【B3】.Today,it's【B4】bymanytobeAmerica'sartmusic.Ithasalso【B5】almosteveryotherkindofmusicinAmerica,Europe,andeventhe【B6】.

Jazzrepresentsa【B7】ofmusicalelementsfromAfricaandfromEurope.JazzusessomeEuropeanideasof【B8】andmelody,buttherhythmsaremoreAfricaninorigin.AndJazzispolyrhythmic,【B9】.

ThemostimportantfeatureofJazzisimprovisation.【B10】.Jazzmusicianshavelearnedtoimprovisesowellthattheycanmakeupexcellentmelodiesastheyplay.AgoodJazzplayerseldomplaysanythingthesamewaytwice.【B11】.

【B1】

24.(28)

A.England'sproximitytothesea.

B.Volcanicashintheatmosphere.

C.Floodinginthearea.

D.PollutioncausedbytheInternationalRevolution.

25.(22)

A.Itisn'treliable.

B.Itneedschecking.

C.Itisdefinitelytrustworthy.

D.Itwon'thurttotry.

26.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽力原文：W:Frank,we'vegotaproblem.Wedon'thaveenoughmoneytopaytherentthismonth.IthinkI'dbetteraskMomandDadforaloan,oraskmybossforaraise.

M:Well,Idon'tknow.ButmaybeI'dbetternottakeanotherEnglishcoursethissemester.

Q:Whatistheproblemtheyaretalkingabout?

(12)

A.Theirparentscutbackloan.

B.Thewomandoesn'twantFranktotakeanotherEnglishcourse.

C.Theycan'tpaytherentthismonth.

D.Thewoman'sbossrefusedtogiveheraraise.

27.(34)

A.Recognizeanddefinetheproblem.

B.Lookforinformationtomaketheproblemclearer.

C.Havesuggestionsforapossiblesolution.

D.Findasolutionbytrialormistake.

28.(45)

29.

【B11】

30.(25)

A.Shewearsclothessimilartothoseofhiswife’s.

B.Shewearsclothesthatwerethesameashiswife's.

C.Shewearsclotheswhichweredifferentform.thoseofhiswife's.

D.ShewearsclothesWhichhasnothingtodowithhiswife.

31.(13)

A.Heenjoyedusinghisnewcamera.

B.Helefthiscameraattheairport.

C.Helefthiscamerainhisfriend'scar.

D.Helosthiscameraonhistrip.

32.

【B6】

33.(18)

A.Themanisveryinterestedintheprograms.

B.Thewomandoesn'tlikealltheprograms.

C.Themanandwomanhavedifferenttaste.

D.Thewomanisinterestedinsomeoftheprograms.

34.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

聽力原文：Ifparentsbringupachildwiththeaimofturningthechildintoa(36)genius,theywillcauseadisaster.Accordingtoseveralleadingeducational(37)psychologists,thisisoneofthebiggestmistakesthat(38)ambitiousparentsmake.Generally,thechildwillbeonlytooawareofwhattheparentexpects,andwillfail.Unrealisticparental(39)expectationscancausegreatdamagetochildren.However,ifparentsarenottoo(40)unrealisticaboutwhattheyexpecttheirchildrentodo,butareambitiousina(41)sensibleway,thechildmaysucceedindoingverywell—especiallyiftheparentsareverysupportiveoftheirchild.

MichaelLiisverylucky.Heiscrazyaboutmusic,andhisparentshelphimalotbytakinghimtoconcertsandarranging(42)privatepianoandviolinlessonsforhim.

AlthoughMichael'smotherknowsverylittleaboutmusic,Michael'sfatherplaysthetrumpetinalarge(43)orchestra.However,henevermakesMichaelentermusiccompetitionsifheisunwilling.

Michael'sMend,WinstonChen,however,isnotsolucky.(44)Althoughbothhisparentsaresuccessfulmusicians,theysetatoohighstandardforWinston.

Theywanttheirsontobe(45)assuccessfulastheyareandsotheyenterhimineverypianocompetitionheld.Theyareveryunhappywhenhedoesnotwin."When1wasyourage,IusedtowineverycompetitionIentered."Winston'sfathertellshim.(46)Winstonisalwaysafraidthathewilldisappointhisparentsandnowhealwaysseemsquietandunhappy.

Ifparentsbringupachildwiththeaimofturningthechildintoa【B1】______,theywillcauseadisaster.Accordingtoseveralleadingeducational【B2】______,thisisoneofthebiggestmistakesthat【B3】______parentsmake.Generally,thechildwillbeonlytooawareofwhattheparentexpects,andwillfail.Unrealisticparental【B4】______cancausegreatdamagetochildren.However,ifparentsarenottoo【B5】______aboutwhattheyexpecttheirchildrentodo,butareambitiousina【B6】______way,thechildmaysucceedindoingverywell—especiallyiftheparentsareverysupportiveoftheirchild.

MichaelLiisverylucky.Heiscrazyaboutmusic,andhisparentshelphimalotbytakinghimtoconcertsandarranging【B7】______pianoandviolinlessonsforhim.

AlthoughMichael'smotherknowsverylittleaboutmusic,Michael'sfatherplaysthetrumpetinalarge【B8】______However,henevermakesMichaelentermusiccompetitionsifheisunwilling.Michael'sfriend,WinstonChen,however,isnotsolucky.【B9】____________________

Theywanttheirsontobe【B10】________________Theyareveryunhappywhenhedoesnotwin."WhenIwasyourage,IusedtowineverycompetitionIentered."Winston'sfathertellshim.【B11】_____________________________

【B1】

35.聽力原文：W:Ithinkifyouwanttogetsomeexcitementinyourlifeyououghttobecomealeader.

M:Yes.IfeelatotallydifferentlifewhenIhaveourcompany.

W:Couldyougivemesomesuggestionsonhowtobeagoodleader?

M:Ithinkthebiggestmistakemanypeoplehaveisthattheydon'trealizetherearetwopartsofleadership.Ithinkleadershipcomprisesvisionarydirectionandimplementation.

W:Whataretheyexactly?

M:[22]Visionarydirectionpartiswherewearegoing.Whatarewetryingtoaccomplish?Andtheleadershavetotakeamajorroleinsettingthose.Andoncethegoalsareclear,[23]thesecondpartofleadershipishowtogetthere.

W:What'syouroutlookonthosewhowanttoleadandorganizetheirownbusinesses?

M:Well,Ithink[24]firstofallyouhavetofindsomethingyoulovetodo.Thenyouhavetofindouthowyoucanmakeabusinessoutofthat.Thencomethebigissuesinrunningabusiness.

W:ThatisthethingIammostconcerned.

M:Nottobeeliminated,youneedagoodfinance.Youneedtohavesomepeopletohelpgetoffthegroundandthenyougraduallylearnaboutmanagingandleadingpeople.

W:SayIamsomeonewhoisjustnowenteringtheworkforce.IamexcitedandpassionateaboutwhatIhavechosentodobutsomehowIhavetokeepthepassion.HowcanImaintainthat'kindofexcitementsothatIcanexcel?

M:Ithink[25]thebestadviceisthatwhenyougotoaiob,findsomebodywhoisolderthanyou,whohasmoreexperiencethanyouandaskhimifhewouldbeyourcounselor.

(23)

A.Thegoalsoftheemployees.

B.Theobjectivesoftheorganization.

C.Thestructureoftheorganization.

D.Thepersonalprospectoftheleader.

36.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

聽力原文：Arabsconsiderit(36)badmannertostarttalking(37)immediately.Eventhebusiestgovernmentofficialor(38)alwaystakes(39)timetobepoliteandoffer(40).Nomatterhowbusyyouare,youshouldmaketimeforthis(41).

MakingdecisionsquicklyisnotanArabcustom.Thereisa(42)indoingbusinessntheMiddleEastwhichwillpuzzlea(43).Giveyourselflotsoftimeandasklotsofquestions.

(44).Youmayhavetowaittwoorthreedaystoseehigh-levelgovernmentofficialsastheyareverybusy.Giveyourselfenoughtime.

Personalrelationshipsareveryimportant.TheyarethekeystodobusinessinArabcountries.(45)WhenanArabsaysyes,hemaymean"maybe".Whenhesaysmaybe,heprobablymeans"no".Youwillseldomgetadirect"no"fromanArabbecauseitisconsideredimpolite.Also,hedoesnotwanttoclosehisoptions.Insteadof"no",hewillsay"inshalah"whichmeans,"ifGodiswilling".(46).

Arabsconsiderit【B1】______extremelybadmannertostarttalking【B2】______businessimmediately.Eventhebusiestgovernmentofficialor【B3】______executivealwaystakes【B4】extratimetobepoliteandoffer【B5】______refreshments.Nomatterhowbusyyouare,youshouldmaketimeforthis【B6】______hospitality.

MakingdecisionsquicklyisnotanArabcustom.Thereisa【B7】______vaguenessindoingbusinessintheMiddleEastwhichwillpuzzlea【B8】______newcomer.Giveyourselflotsoftimeandasklotsofquestions.

【B9】___________________________Patienceisanimportantquality.Youmayhavetowaittwoorthreedaystoseehigh-levelgovernmentofficialsastheyareverybusy.Giveyourselfenoughtime.

Personalrelationshipsareveryimportant.TheyarethekeystodobusinessinArabcountries.【B10】___________________________Trytoidentifythedecision-makerregardingyourproductorservicesimmediatelyandgettoknowhimonafriendlybasis.Doyourhomework.Bepreparedtodiscussdetailsofyourproductorproposal.Bereadytoanswertechnicalquestions.

WhenanArabsaysyes,hemaymean"maybe".Whenhesaysmaybe,heprobablymeans"no".Youwillseldomgetadirect"no"fromanArabbecauseitisconsideredimpolite.Also,hedoesnotwanttoclosehisoptions.Insteadof"no",hewillsay"inshalab"whichmeans,"ifGodiswilling".【B11】________________________Ontheotherhand,"yes"doesnotnecessarilymean"yes".Asmileandslownodmightseemlikeanagreement,butinfact,yourhostisbeingpolite.AnArabconsidersitimpolitetodisagreewithaguest.

【B1】

37.(29)

A.Verycoolweather.

B.Verywarmweather.

C.Rainingweather.

D.Fairweather.

38.(32)

A.Itmayhavealotoffun.

B.It'sagoodopportunityforpeopletoknowthesociety.

C.It'soneofthemostdifficultjobs.

D.It'sachallengeforpeople'sability.

39.

【B10】

40.(36)

A.Physics.

B.Mathematics.

C.Environmentalscience.

D.Lifescience.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Inworkingouttheproblemthegirlwasmoreconcernedwithwhatwasleftinthemoney-bag.

B.Ifthemoney-lenderhadbeenhonest,thegirlwouldhaveonlya50-50chanceofbeingsaved.

C.Asaresultofherintelligentdecisionthegirlcouldremainwithherfatherandhavehisdebtcancelledatthesametime.

D.Noneoftheabove.

42.Inrecentdecades,thereisaphenomenonwhichmakesusgivesomeattention,theso-calledSoutheastAsian“tigers”haverivaledthewestern"lions"forstockclich6sthatmakeeconomicheadlines.ThemythofAmericaneconomichegemany(霸權(quán))overAsiaintheimposingandpatriarchalfigureofUncleSamhasprovidedfrequentpoliticalgrist(政治上可利用的資本)forSoutheastAsianpoliticalleaders,particularlyMalaysia'sPrimeMinisterMahathir.Hehasattemptedtoforgeaninternationalreputationasasnarlingtiger,butlatelysoundsmorelikeabarnyarddoggroaningatshadows.WithoutdemeaninginanywaytheremarkableachievementsofthenewlydevelopingeconomiesofMalaysia,ThailandandIndonesia,thesenationsattimesappeartobetheirownworstenemies.ThisisoftenexemplifiedbyDr.Maflathir,whorailsatWesternevilwheneveraninternationalordomesticcrisisprovidesanopportunity.

Tobemorespecific,therecentdevaluationofthePhilippineandThaicurrencies,andthesubsequentpressureontheMalaysiancurrencyhasinspiredDr.Mahathirtolaunchanall-outattackontheWestasthesourceoftheproblem:HeevenallegesthattheUnitedStateshasdeli-beratelydestabilizedSoutheastAsianeconomiesinrevengeforthesenations,supportingthebrutalmilitaryruleinMyanmar,anactionwhichtheUnitedStatesseemstowantinspectedratherthanrewarded.Butbyresortingtosuchscapegoat(替罪羊),insteadofacceptingevenabitresponsibility,thePrimeMinistermayunderminethefuturesuccessoftheregionandMalaysiainparticular.

Uponfurtherquestioning,Dr.Matlathirnarrowedhisattacktoonewealthyindividual,thewell-knownphilanthropist(慈善家),Mr.GeorgeSores,whoseoppositiontoMyanmar'sadmi-ssiontoASEAN(AssociationofSoutheastAsianNations)Mahathirfoundparticularity,irritating.ThelogicalmistakesthatunderliesuchconspiracytheoriesdonothelpMalaysiaaddresstheseriousissuesofeconomicoverheatingthatexpertshavebeenwarningaboutforallthesedifficultperiods,whichincludelargedeficitsandlowsavingstodebtratios.Infact,therecentdramaticdropinMalaysia'sstockmarketandcurrencyhasledDr.Mahathirtoreversehisinitialapproachtothecrisis.Heevenannouncesmeasuresthatatleastimplyheisquiteawareofexcessesinhisownadministration'sspendingpoliciesthathavecontributedtothiscrisisofconfidence.Intheend,thiskindofreactionunderminestheesteemthatDr.Marathi’senlightenedleadershiphasjustlyearned.

ItisimpliedinthefirstparagraphthatDr.Mahathir______.

A.hascorrectlyidentifiedthefinancialprobleminAsia

B.triestomanipulateanti-Westernactionsforpoliticalgains

C.deteststheUSA'scontrollingovertheregionaleconomies

D.believesintheeffectoftheghostlyinfluencefromthewest

43.

Theauthor'sviewinthispassageisthat______.

A.cellphonesandcancerarenotlinked

B.peopleshouldn'tusecell-phonesinalong-term

C.usingcell-phonesisonecauseforcancer

D.cell-phonesarenotharmful

44.

Whatistheconsequenceofthecombinationofman'sorganizationcapabilityandhisblindrage?

45.

Whatneedstooccurforthegoalsofthefourthwomen'sconferencetoberealized?

A.Legislationscallingfortheadvancementofwomenshouldbeenforced.

B.Createaclimatethatallowsandencouragessocialdevelopmentonanationalscale.

C.CreatenewtechnologicalopportunitiesforwomeninChina.

D.AbolisheconomicbarriersbetweenChinaandtheWest.

46.

Aforger'mustsellhisworktopeoplewhodon'thavemuchknowledgeinthefieldinsteadof______.

47.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Aproblemmorespecifictoschoolsthemselvesispervasivestudentpassivity—alackofactiveparticipationinlearning.Thisproblemiscommonlyfoundinbothpublicandprivateschoolsandallgradelevels.

Manystudentsdonotperceivetheopportunitiesprovidedbyschoolingasaprivilege,butratherasaseriesofhurdlesthataremechanicallyclearedinpursuitofcredentials(文憑)thatmayopendoorslaterinlife.StudentsareboredandmuchofthepervasivepassivityofAmericanstudentsiscausedbytheeducationalsystem.

Duringthiscentury,expandingstateandfederalgovernmentsfavoredlargeregionalschoolsasmoreefficientmeansofsupervisingeducationalcurriculaandensuringuniformity.Schoolstoday,therefore,reflectthehighlevelofbureaucraticorganizationfoundthroughoutAmericansociety.Suchrigidandimpersonalorganizationcannegativelyaffectadministrators,teachers,andstudents,andthisbureaucraticeducationalsystemfostersfiveseriousproblems.

First,bureaucraticuniformityignorestheculturalvariationwithincountlesslocalcommunities.Ittakesschoolsoutofthelocalcommunityandplacesthemunderthecontrolofoutside"specialists"whomayhavelittleunderstandingoftheeverydaylivesofstudents.

Second,bureaucraticschoolsdefinesuccessbynumericalratingsofperformance.Schoolofficialsfocusonattendancerates,dropoutrates,andachievementscores.Theyoverlookdimensionsofschoolingthataredifficulttoquantify,suchasthecreativityofstudentsandenergyandenthusiasmofteachers.Suchbureaucraticschoolsystemstendtodefineanadequateeducationintermsofthenumberofdaysperyearthatstudentsareinsideaschoolbuildingratherthantheschool'scontributiontostudents'personaldevelopment.

Third,bureaucraticschoolshaverigidexpectationsofallstudents.Forexample,fifteen-year-oldsareexpectedtobeinthetenthgrade,eleven-gradestudentsareexpectedtoscoreatacertainlevelonastandardizedverbalachievementtest.Thehighschooldiplomathusrewardsastudentforgoingthroughthepropersequenceofeducationalactivitiesintheproperamountoftime.Rarelyareexceptionallybrightandmotivatedstudentsallowedtograduateearly.Likewise,thesystemdemandsthatstudentswhohavelearnedlittleinschoolgraduatewiththeirclass.

Fourth,theschool'sbureaucraticdivisionoflaborrequiresspecializedpersonnel.High-schoolstudentslearnEnglishfromoneteacher,receiveguidancefromanother,andarecoachedinsportsbyothers.Noschoolofficialcomestoknowthe"full"studentasacomplexhumanbeing.Studentsexperiencethisdivisionoflaborasacontinualshufflingamongrigidlydividedfifty-minuteperiodthroughouttheschoolday.

Fifth,thehighlybureaucraticschoolsystemgivesstudentslittleresponsibilityfortheirownlearning.Similarly,teachershavelittlelatitudeinwhatandhowtheyteachtheirclasses;theydarenotacceleratelearningforfearofdisrupting"thesystem."Standardizedpoliciesdictatingwhatistobetaughtandhowlongtheteachingshouldbetakenrenderteachersaspassiveandun-imaginativeastheirstudents.

Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthispassage?

A.MostAmericanstudentstodayarelackinginreadinessforactiveparticipationinlearning.

B.TheprevalentpassivityofAmericanstudentshasmuchtodowiththeexistingeducationalsystem.

C.ThebureaucraticstructureofAmericanschoolshasnegativelyaffectedadministrators,teachers,andstudents.

D.Thesolutiontotheproblemofstudentpassivityliesinhumanizingschools.

48.

Whydidthewolvesignoretheauthor'spresence?

A.Becausehistentwasoutofthewolves'estateboundaries.

B.Becausetheauthorhasjustarrivedatthespot.

C.Becausethewolvesweretoobusytonoticehim.

D.Becausethewolveswereafraidofstrangers.

49.Apartfromthisnewunderstandingofthecorrelationbetweenhealthandexercise,themainreasonthepassagegivesforwhysomanyAmericansareexercisingregularlyis______.

A.theirchangedlifestyle

B.theireagernesstostaythinandyouthful

C.theirappreciationoftheimportanceofexercise

D.theencouragementtheyhavereceivedfromtheircompanies

50.

Soonpeoplewillachieveinstant"culturalliteracy"by______.

51.TheFrenchgovernmentwasreluctanttolettheworkersleavethecountrybecauseitwouldhinder______.

52.

Accordingtothepassage,people'slearningactivitiesarepossiblebecausethey______.

A.believethatemotionsarefundamentalforthemtostayalive

B.benefitfromprovidinghelpandsupporttooneanother

C.enjoybeingrewardedfordoingtherightthing

D.knowwhatisvitaltotheprogressofsociety

53.

Whatdoescreativityrequirethatyoudo?

A.Payattentiontoeverything.

B.Payattentiontonothing.

C.Payparticularattentiontosomething.

D.Payattentiontounfamiliarthings.