Unit3課下力量提升〔十一〕Ⅰ.依據(jù)提示寫出單詞的正確形式1．—Iseldomagreewithmymanager’swords.—Inordertosucceedhere,youshouldovereyourprejudice(偏見)againstyourmanager.2．It’sillegal(違法的)tocarrygunsinourcountry.3．AtaformalpartyIusuallyfeelveryawkward(局促擔(dān)心的)andoutofplace.4．Morefemales(女性)thanmalesareemployedinthefactory.5．Themangotinfected(感染)withAIDS.6．Herdecisionseemstoshowalackofpoliticaljudgement(judge)．7．Itisshamefulofyoutomakeyourteacherembarrassed(embarrass)infrontofsomanystudentsonpurpose.8．Itisnecessarywemastersomebasicskills,whichwillgreatlyincreaseourchancesofsurvival.Luckily,IsurvivedtheterriblecarcrashlastweekandIwastheonlysurvivoroftheaccident.(survive)9．Don’tfeelashamed(shame)ofyourself.Besurethatsomethinggoodwillealongsomeday.10．Weshouldtakeoursafetyseriously(serious)．Ⅱ.選詞填空atrisk，getinto，eacross，decideon，inspiteof1．Hegot_intothehabitoftakingdrugs,whichworriedhisparentsalot.2．Icame_acrossawordI’dneverseenbefore.3．Sometimesitisnoteasytodecide_onanimportantthing.4．Ifyoucanreadthismessage,youarealreadyat_risk.5．In_spite_ofthelarge-scaleconstructionofroadsandhighways,thereisstillmuchroomforimprovement.Ⅲ.完成句子1．打高爾夫很有意思。It’s_great_fun_playinggolf.2．他疲乏至極以至于他覺得好似能睡24小時。Hewasso_tired_thathefeltasifhecouldsleeptheclockaround.3．賣酒給兒童是違法的。It_is_illegal_to_sellalcoholtochildren.4．直到那時他才意識到自己錯了。Onlythendid_he_realizethathewaswrong.5．直到他到家以后他才知道發(fā)生了什么。It_was_not_until_he_got_homethatheknewwhathadhappened.Ⅳ.完形填空Doyouknowhowdisciplinecanhelpyouachieveyourgoals?Doyouknowthatdisciplineisimportantto__1__？Whatisthepowerofdiscipline?Howtobeedisciplined?Youmightthinkthatmanypeoplearenotselfdisciplined,__2__I’mgoingtoprovetoyouthatpeopleingeneralaredisciplined,but__3__，innon-beneficialways.Therearemanypeoplewhosmokedaily__4__thefactthatitisharmfuland__5__anditcouldkillthem.Suchpeoplearedisciplinedat__6__cigarettesandsmoking.Therearepeoplewhoaredisciplinedatdrinkinglotsofalcoholdaily.Suchpeoplearedisciplinedatconsumingalcohol.Doyou__7__whereIamgoingwiththis?Oneofmyfriendswhohasa__8__forrunningspendshalfanhoureverysinglemorningrunning.Whetheritissnowingorraining,shehastorun.Thisisthekindof__9__disciplinethatyouaresupposedto__10__andcreateinyourlife.Doyouknowsomeonewhoboughtabook,butdidn’tfinish__11__itforsomereason?Doyouknowsomeonewhodecidedtoimprovehis__12__andstarteatingmorevegetablesandfruit,butaftertwoweeks,he__13__？Theseareallexamplesof__14__ofdiscipline.Ifyouarenotdisciplined,thenyouwillhaveahardtimetogetyour__15__.AsImentionedinmybookTheultimateguidetoachievingyourgoalsthatyoucouldknowwhatyouwant,__16__，andtakeaction,butifyouarenotself-disciplined,youwill__17__giveup.Withdiscipline,youcanstartgettingupearlyinthemorning,exercise,and__18__yourselfofthenon-beneficialhabitssuchassmokingandeatingnon-healthyfood.Withdiscipline,youcanchangenegativehabitstopositivehabits.Withdiscipline,youcanjointhegymandstartworkingonhavinga__19__body.Doyouseewhatthe__20__ofdisciplinecando?AlwaysrememberwhatJimRohnsaid,“Onedisciplinealwaysleadstoanotherdiscipline.〞語篇解讀：自制力能夠關(guān)心我們實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)并取得勝利。本文主要敘述了自制的力氣及其對人們的影響，作者呼吁人們加強(qiáng)自律，改掉惡習(xí)，培育健康向上的生活習(xí)慣。 B．successC．fortune D．health解析：選B依據(jù)上文的“howdisciplinecanhelpyouachieveyourgoals〞可知，你知道自律對于勝利的重要性嗎？success意為“勝利〞；wealth意為“財寶〞；fortune意為“財寶，運氣〞；health意為“健康〞。 B．a(chǎn)ndC．or D．but解析：選D你或許認(rèn)為許多人不自律，但是我要向你證明的是人們一般是有自律性的。依據(jù)句意可知，上下文之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)選項D符合題意。but意為“但是〞；for意為“由于〞；and意為“和〞；or意為“或者〞。3． B．unwillinglyC．unnecessarily D．unexpectedly解析：選A依據(jù)下文的“manypeoplewhosmokedaily〞以及“peoplewhoaredisciplinedatdrinkinglotsofalcoholdaily〞可知，但不幸的是，人們的紀(jì)律性表現(xiàn)在了有害的方面。unfortunately意為“不幸地，圓滿地〞；unwillingly意為“不情愿地，不情愿地〞；unnecessarily意為“沒必要地，不需要地〞；unexpectedly意為“意外地，出人意料地〞。4． B．despiteC．except D．without解析：選B盡管吸煙有害是一個事實，但是有許多人每天都吸煙。依據(jù)句意可知上下文之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)選項B符合題意。despite意為“盡管，雖然〞；besides意為“除了……還有……〞；except意為“除了……之外〞；without意為“沒有，缺乏〞。5． B．disgustingC．dangerous D．forbidden解析：選C依據(jù)上文的“thefactthatitisharmful〞以及下文的“itcouldkillthem〞可知，吸煙是有害和危急的。dangerous意為“危急的，有危害的〞；courageous意為“英勇的，無畏的〞；disgusting意為“令人厭惡的，令人反感的〞；forbidden意為“被禁止的〞。6． B．buyingC．getting D．consuming解析：選D依據(jù)下文的“Suchpeoplearedisciplinedatconsumingalcohol〞可知，這些人在消耗煙草和吸煙方面是自律的。consume意為“消耗，消費〞；sell意為“賣，出售〞；buy意為“購置〞；get意為“得到，獲得〞。7． B．seeC．feel D．mind解析：選B你明白我說這些要表達(dá)什么意思嗎？see意為“明白，領(lǐng)悟〞；care意為“關(guān)懷，在乎〞；feel意為“感覺，感到〞；mind意為“介意〞。8． B．giftC．respect D．reason解析：選A依據(jù)下文的“Whetheritissnowingorraining,shehastorun〞可知，我有一個酷愛跑步的伴侶，每天早晨跑步半小時。passion意為“酷愛，激情〞；gift意為“天賦，禮物〞；respect意為“敬重，敬重〞；reason意為“緣由，理由〞。9． B．positiveC．negative D．religious解析：選B我有個伴侶酷愛跑步，每天早晨跑步半小時，這是一種樂觀的自律。positive意為“樂觀的，確定的〞；formal意為“正式的〞；negative意為“消極的，否認(rèn)的〞；religious意為“的〞。10． B．learnC．follow D．believe解析：選C這是一種你應(yīng)當(dāng)在你的生活中遵循和制造的自律。follow意為“遵循〞；form意為“形成〞；learn意為“學(xué)習(xí)〞；believe意為“信任〞。11． B．recitingC．a(chǎn)nalyzing D．reviewing解析：選A你知道有人買了一本書，但是由于某種緣由沒有讀完嗎？read意為“閱讀〞；recite意為“背誦〞；analyze意為“分析〞；review意為“審查，評論，復(fù)習(xí)〞。12． B．dietC．skill D．performance解析：選B依據(jù)下文的“starteatingmorevegetablesandfruit〞可知，有人打算改善自己的飲食。diet意為“飲食〞；service意為“效勞〞；skill意為“技巧〞；performance意為“表現(xiàn)，演出〞。13．down B．turnedupC．gaveup D．setout解析：選C但是兩周后，他就放棄了。giveup意為“放棄〞；breakdown意為“失??；出故障；感情失控〞；turnup意為“消失，露面〞；setout意為“動身，啟程〞。14． B．gestureC．sign D．symbol解析：選A這些都是缺乏自律的例子。lack意為“缺乏，缺乏〞；gesture意為“手勢，姿態(tài)〞；sign意為“符號，標(biāo)牌，跡象〞；symbol意為“象征〞。15． B．orderC．credit D．desire解析：選D句意：假如你沒有自律性，那么你將難以實現(xiàn)你的愿望。desire意為“愿望，渴望〞；attention意為“留意，專注〞；order意為“命令，挨次〞；credit意為“信用，贊揚〞。16． B．listenC．a(chǎn)sk D．hope解析：選A正如我在我的?實現(xiàn)你的目標(biāo)終極指南?的書中所提到的，你能知道你想要的，做好方案并實行行動。plan意為“方案〞；listen意為“聽〞；ask意為“問〞；hope意為“盼望〞。17． B．practicallyC．likely D．quickly解析：選C但是假如你沒有自律性，你將可能放棄。likely意為“可能〞；obviously意為“明顯地〞；practically意為“實際上〞；quickly意為“快速地〞。18． B．informC．deliver D．break解析：選D有自律性，你能夠每天早上早起、熬煉，你能把自己身上像吸煙和吃不健康食物的壞習(xí)慣改掉。break意為“戒除，擺脫，打破〞；persuade意為“勸告，說服〞；inform意為“通知，告知〞；deliver意為“遞送，運送〞。19． B．weakerC．heavier D．clumsier解析：選A有自律性，你能進(jìn)入體育館，開頭為有一個更健康的身體而努力。healthy意為“健康的〞；weak意為“虛弱的〞；heavy意為“重的〞；clumsy意為“笨拙的〞。20． B．powerC．principle D．measure解析：選B依據(jù)上文的“Whatisthepowerofdiscipline〞可知，你明白自律的力氣能做什么了嗎？power意為“力氣〞；demand意為“要求〞；principle意為“原理，原那么〞；measure意為“措施〞。Ⅴ.閱讀理解AAt7：15a．m.lastFriday,myalarmwentoff.UsuallyIwouldpickupmyphoneandstartmymorningInternettimebeforeforcingmyselftogetoutofbed.Instead,thatday,Igotoutofbed,tookashower,gotdressed,madecoffee,openedmylaptop,reademailsandnewswhileenjoyingmycoffee,headedfortheofficeandgotthere20minutesearlier.Thankstogettingridofmyphone,mymorningfeltlongerandmoreUsually,Iwouldcallmymomonmy15-minutewalktothesubway,watchavideoorlistentomusic.ThatdayIwasfacedwithawalkfreeofdistractions(分散留意力的事).Ilikedit!Iletmymindwander.InoticedthedetailsonthehomesIpassed.Idiscoveredthatonaclearday,youcanseetheverytopoftheGoldenGateOnthesubwaytrain,thefive-stopjourneyseemedsurprisinglyfaster,sinceIwasn’tfrustratedwithavideothatwouldn’tloadormusicthatstoppedplayingwhenIlostservice.Iwasn’treloadingmyemailslikeanaddict(癮君子)everytimewepulledintoastation,either.Theworkdaywasprettyuneventfulwithoutaphone.Iwasgluedtomyputerwithonlyashortvisittothestoreacrossthestreetforalatelunch.Itdidn’tgivememuchtimetowaitformyfoodwithoutanythingtodistractme.Gettingthroughthedaywasn’tashardasIexpected,butcame6p．m.,Ifeltnervousaboutthewayhome.Iworehighheelsbutcouldn’teventhinkaboutcallinganUber(taxiorcarservice)!Instead,Iwasfacedwitha40-minutejourneyfreeofanypersonalentertainment.I’vetakenthesamesubwayrouteforfiveyears,butitseemeddifferent.Ifeltlikeanalienvisitingfromanotherplanet,observinghumansgluedtotheirscreens,oblivious_oftheworldaroundthemanddangerouslyclosetotheplatform’sedge(站臺的邊緣)．語篇解讀：本文表達(dá)了作者從早上開頭沒有使用而度過一成天的經(jīng)受。didtheauthorusetodoafterheralarmsounded?A．Getoutofbedatonce.B．Goonsleepingalittlelonger.C．SurftheInternetwithherphone.D．Getdressedandgotoworkdirectly.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段前兩句可知，上星期五，早上7：15，“我〞的鬧鐘響了。通常在強(qiáng)迫自己起床之前，“我〞會拿起開頭早晨的上網(wǎng)時間。由此可知，作者過去常常在鬧鐘響了以后(開頭)用上網(wǎng)。2．WhileonherwaytoworklastFriday,theauthor________.A．forgottocallhermomB．gotdistractedandmissedthesubwaytrainC．sawthetopoftheGoldenD．gotfrustratedwhenshelostphoneservice解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段最終一句可知，“我〞發(fā)覺了在晴朗的天氣里，你能夠看到金門大橋的最頂端。由此可知，上星期五在去上班的路上，作者看到了金門大橋的頂端。3．HowdidtheauthorprobablyfeelaboutherlastFriday’striphome?A．Itwassurprisinglyfaster.B．Itwashardtogetthrough.C．Itwasentertaining.D．Itwasnothingspecial.解析：選B推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段可知，度過(沒有的)那一天并沒有像“我〞預(yù)期的那么難熬，但是到了下午6：00時，“我〞對回家的路途感到緊急?！拔舀暣┲吒?，但是想都不用想用Uber叫一輛車(由于沒有)！反而，“我〞面對的是一段40分鐘沒有任何個人消遣的路途。由此推知，對于上星期五回家的路途，作者可能感到很難熬。4．Theunderlinedphrase“obliviousof〞inthelastparagraphmeans“________〞．A．exploring B．worriedaboutC．notnoticing D．notsatisfiedwith解析：選C詞義猜想題。依據(jù)畫線詞上文“...humansgluedtotheirscreens〞可知，人類全都全神貫注地盯著他們的屏幕；依據(jù)畫線詞下文“...anddangerouslyclosetotheplatform’sedge.〞可知，(人們)危急地站在離站臺邊緣很近的地方。由此可知，人們沒有留意四周的世界，畫線短語obliviousof意為“未留意〞。BTheWorldHealthOrganizationsayspeoplearoundtheworldareeatingmoresugar.Asaresult,itsays,healthproblemsrelatedtoweightgainandtoothdamageareincreasing.Sugaryfoodsanddrinkscausetoothdecay,weakeningthebone.TheWHOfindsthat,onaverage,theamountofsugarinthefoodsweeathasrisenabout10percentoverthepast10years.Butithasrisenatafasterrateinsomeareas.IntheMiddleEastandNorthAfrica,sugarintakehasrisenabout15percentoverthepast10years.InsomeAsianandPacificcountries,sugarintakeis20percenthigher.AndinSouthAmerica,peopleeatmoresugarthananywhereelseintheworld.FrancescoBranca,directoroftheWHO’sDepartmentofNutritionforHealth,saysMr.Brancaalsosaysreducingthesugaryoueatcanbedifficultbecausesomanycooksandfood-makersaddsugar.Hesaysresearchersfoundthat80percentofthefooditemsinU．S.marketsincludedsomekindofsugar.Forexample,anaveragesizebowlofbreakfastcerealcontainsfourteaspoonsoffreesugars.IfyougoforaU．S.-sizecanofsoda,thatcontains10teaspoonsoffreesugars.TheWHOiscallingongovernmentstotakemeasurestoreducetheamountofthesugarpeopleeat.Itproposestaxingproductswithalotofsugarandrequiringfood-makerstolisthowmuchsugarcanbefoundintheirproducts.Anotherproposalistorestrictmarketingofsugaryfoodsanddrinkstochildren.However,theUnitedNationsagencysaysitisfinetoeatfoodsthatnaturallyhavesugar,suchasfreshfruits,vegetablesandevenmilk.語篇解讀：本文為說明文。世界衛(wèi)生組織