ARCGISBGP8622A田建輝基本教程V1.01BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramArcGIS什么是ArcGIS?什么是ArcGISDesktop?什么是ArcMap?什么是ArcCatalog?什么是ArcToolbox?什么是ArcView,ArcEditor,andArcInfo?建立一幅工區(qū)圖的基本步驟2BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgram什么是ArcGIS什么是ArcGIS?ArcGIS?是一個(gè)綜合的地理信息系統(tǒng)的簡(jiǎn)稱GeographicInformationSystem(GIS)主要包括以下3個(gè)模塊:?ArcGISDesktop軟件,是一套完整的GIS編輯操作軟件(根據(jù)不同的需求,購(gòu)買時(shí)可以單獨(dú)購(gòu)買某個(gè)模塊)?ArcSDE?gateway,是一個(gè)專門管理數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)內(nèi)部的具有地理信息系統(tǒng)的特殊數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的接口?ArcIMS?Software,這是一個(gè)專門基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的,可以進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)程的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)訪問和更新(取決于你的使用權(quán)限)3BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgram什么是ArcGIS4BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgram什么是ArcGISDesktop?ArcGISDesktop包含一整套的應(yīng)用程序:ArcMap,ArcCatalog,andArcToolbox.聯(lián)合起來(lái)一起使用這三個(gè)應(yīng)用程序,你可以完成所有的GIS室內(nèi)編輯工作,由簡(jiǎn)單到高級(jí),包括:作圖,數(shù)據(jù)管理,地理信息分析,數(shù)據(jù)編輯,和數(shù)據(jù)處理.另外,ArcGIS9.0通過以太網(wǎng)登陸ArcIMS服務(wù)器，從服務(wù)器里可以讓你得到更多更豐富和最新的數(shù)據(jù)和資源.5BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramArcMap

ArcMap在ArcGISDesktop是一個(gè)中最主要的應(yīng)用程序.它主要是以作圖為基礎(chǔ)的應(yīng)用程序,其中包括繪圖,地圖分析,以及地圖的編輯.在這個(gè)應(yīng)用程序中就是在圖中工作.一幅完整的地圖在這里會(huì)有打印效果圖和實(shí)際效果圖兩種不同的顯示方式.當(dāng)然地圖中除了一連串的圖層以外還有必不可少的各種要素:圖例、比例尺、指北針、網(wǎng)格等等。

ArcMap推薦使用不同的顯示模式去查看一幅地圖：打印效果圖和實(shí)際效果圖。在這兩種不同的顯示方式里你也可以輕松的實(shí)現(xiàn)你想要打印的某一個(gè)細(xì)小的范圍或者一個(gè)很大的范圍，這完全取決于你所擁有的數(shù)據(jù)量。6BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramArcMap內(nèi)容板塊切換實(shí)際效果圖和打印效果圖的2個(gè)按鍵7BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramArcCatalogArcCatalog應(yīng)用程序可以幫助你很好的管理和組織所有的GIS數(shù)據(jù)：瀏覽和查找所有的地理信息、記錄和檢查元數(shù)據(jù)、快速的顯示所有的數(shù)據(jù)類型、還可以為你的地理信息數(shù)據(jù)快速的定義圖層的組織結(jié)構(gòu)。8BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramArcToolboxArcToolbox是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單而重要的應(yīng)用程序，其中包括很多的GIS工具用于這些地理信息數(shù)據(jù)的處理。ArcToolbox有2個(gè)版本：一個(gè)完全版包括所有的功能包括在ArcInfo這個(gè)版本里，另外一個(gè)功能稍微差一些，一些特殊的功能就被取消掉了，這個(gè)是和ArcView和ArcEditor一起的。如果你想用某個(gè)功能可以向經(jīng)銷商定購(gòu)這個(gè)單獨(dú)的模塊。ArcToolbox在ArcView和ArcEditor中包括了至少

40種常用的工具：各種不同的數(shù)據(jù)體之間的轉(zhuǎn)換、地圖的計(jì)劃方案、以及數(shù)據(jù)管理每次當(dāng)你打開ArcMap或者

ArcCatalog在工具欄你都可以看到它的圖標(biāo)。9BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramArcView、ArcEditor以及ArcInfo的區(qū)別10BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgram建立當(dāng)前工區(qū)圖的基本步驟從甲方接收任務(wù)書接收ArcGIS的圖件光盤（這個(gè)是甲方提供的，也可以自己測(cè)圖）我們只使用光盤中在我們當(dāng)前工區(qū)中的一些圖層設(shè)計(jì)工區(qū)的所有炮點(diǎn)、檢波點(diǎn)、以及檢波器的埋放點(diǎn)的理論坐標(biāo)并形成數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)格式編輯數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)里面的表頭，確保在表頭項(xiàng)里面沒有任何的空格，有空格的地方用下劃線連接依據(jù)你的打印機(jī)或者繪圖儀設(shè)置頁(yè)面編輯各個(gè)圖層，包括理論數(shù)據(jù)和所有地理信息設(shè)置地圖的元素：圖例、指北針、比例尺、格網(wǎng)等等出圖11BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgram輸出并編輯理論數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)根據(jù)任務(wù)書你可以用任何軟件設(shè)計(jì)理論數(shù)據(jù)用GPseismic

可以很容易的輸出一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，因?yàn)镚Pseismic就是工作在數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)里的用MicrosoftAccess打開理論數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)編輯表頭并確保沒有空格最后把這個(gè)編輯好的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)拷貝到你的GIS工作目錄12BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(Setuppage)13BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(Setuppage)14BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(AddData)單擊添加按鈕15BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(AddData)單擊添加以后會(huì)在窗口中顯示16BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(AddData)用右鍵單擊剛剛輸入的這個(gè)圖層，單擊DisplayXYData17BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(AddData)這里選擇Easting這里選擇Northing單擊Edit18BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(AddData)單擊Select單擊Projectedcoordinatesystem\UTM單擊OtherGCS\PDO1993UTMZone40N.prj單擊這里19BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(AddData)然后單擊OK返回最初的窗口單擊右鍵選擇

Remove20BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(AddData)單擊右鍵選擇ExportData21BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(AddData)22BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(AddData)23BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(AddData)24BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(AddData)1.雙擊左鍵用以選擇并且建立查詢，輸出你想要輸出的數(shù)據(jù)體2.單擊Verify3.單擊Apply4.單擊Close25BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(SetupDatabase)右鍵單擊\data\Exportoutput單擊OK26BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(SetupDatabase)這個(gè)圖層會(huì)自動(dòng)的添加到內(nèi)容欄里27BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(SetupDatabase)2單擊復(fù)選框會(huì)不讓這個(gè)圖層顯示1單擊這里清除剛剛選擇的點(diǎn)28BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(SetupDatabase)

重復(fù)上面的輸出步驟得到最終你想輸出的數(shù)據(jù)體

下一步就是如何把一個(gè)普通數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)轉(zhuǎn)變成一個(gè)具有地理信息的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)29BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditDatabase)單擊這兩個(gè)圖層的復(fù)選框因?yàn)檫@兩個(gè)圖層的數(shù)據(jù)量太大了單擊Selection\Selectionbyattributes30BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditDatabase)1在這里選擇COG用以建立一個(gè)新的圖層來(lái)顯示在地圖窗口中，這樣可以加快處理速度2單擊這里3單擊Apply然后單擊Close31BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditDatabase)32BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditDatabase)這里必須選擇Selectedfeatures自己定義一個(gè)名字單擊OK33BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditDatabase)數(shù)據(jù)處理窗口34BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditDatabase)單擊Yes35BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditDatabase)單擊清除剛剛選擇的點(diǎn)只顯示這個(gè)剛剛輸出的圖層，以便加快處理速度36BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditDatabase)單擊可以編輯顯示的樣式從這個(gè)列表里可以選擇你想要的標(biāo)志標(biāo)志的大小標(biāo)志的屬性變換顏色37BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditDatabase)在這個(gè)圖層上右鍵單擊然后選擇labelFeatures38BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditDatabase)右鍵單擊COGselected然后單擊Properties39BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditDatabase)1選擇Labels窗口5這里就是將要在圖上顯示的標(biāo)簽6這里可以設(shè)置如何顯示2選擇自定義的顯示方式3設(shè)置你想要顯示的是什么：點(diǎn)號(hào)、線號(hào)、完整的點(diǎn)名4表達(dá)式40BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditDatabase)首先我們要顯示一條線的單點(diǎn)號(hào)單擊verify然后單擊OK41BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditDatabase)在表達(dá)式里我們選擇點(diǎn)名單擊OK42BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditDatabase)單擊OK以后圖上就顯示出點(diǎn)名了，但是不太整齊43BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditDatabase)單擊PlacementProperties

然后單擊Placement

來(lái)選擇哪一種更適合你的圖單擊ChangeLocation44BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditDatabase)現(xiàn)在看起來(lái)好一點(diǎn)了，但是還是不太理想，下一步我們就要改變它的顯示角度45BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditDatabase)在PlacementProperties中選擇PlaceLabelatspecifiedangles輸入一個(gè)合適的角度46BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditDatabase)現(xiàn)在點(diǎn)名看起來(lái)很整齊了47BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditDatabase)把這里的顯示字體改成548BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditAnnotation)把標(biāo)簽轉(zhuǎn)換成注釋49BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditAnnotation)這里你可以選擇在地圖里還是在數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)里保存這個(gè)注釋單擊Convert50BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditAnnotation)數(shù)據(jù)處理窗口51BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditAnnotation)處理完成以后新加的注釋會(huì)自動(dòng)的添加到這里作為一個(gè)單獨(dú)的圖層52BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditAnnotation)右鍵單擊選擇

properties設(shè)置查詢來(lái)顯示不同的數(shù)據(jù)體這里可以改變顯示字體的大小53BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditAnnotation)用同樣的方法可以把測(cè)線號(hào)、點(diǎn)號(hào)、和線束號(hào)顯示出來(lái)54BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditAnnotation)現(xiàn)在整個(gè)圖件里的應(yīng)該具備的測(cè)線號(hào)、點(diǎn)名、和線束號(hào)都已經(jīng)顯示出來(lái)了，但是線束號(hào)需要進(jìn)一步的手工編輯才能實(shí)現(xiàn)55BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditAnnotation)單擊Editor\StartEditing56BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditAnnotation)在任務(wù)欄里選擇

ModifyFeature這里選擇我們想要編輯的圖層對(duì)象57BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditAnnotation)單擊這個(gè)鼠標(biāo)指針單擊需要編輯成線束號(hào)的文字，這個(gè)和測(cè)線號(hào)是一樣的58BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditAnnotation)右鍵數(shù)字選擇attributes59BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap在這里輸入線束號(hào)，然后單擊Apply60BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap61BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap等到編輯完以后就會(huì)很整潔的顯示出線束號(hào)62BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditAnnotation)單擊SaveEdit然后單擊StopEditing63BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap完成這一步以后我們剛剛編輯過的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)就成為了一個(gè)具有更多地理信息的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)了。下一步我們就開始真正的開始作一副工區(qū)圖。64BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(AddData)單擊AddData選擇到你的ARCGIS工作目錄65BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(AddData)這里選擇你想要輸入的已經(jīng)做好的圖層66BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(AddData)在內(nèi)容框你可以選擇某一個(gè)圖層前面的復(fù)選框，來(lái)決定是否在右面的地圖窗口中顯示67BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(AddData)放大到當(dāng)前工區(qū)為當(dāng)前窗口68BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(AddData)單擊添加數(shù)據(jù)按鈕，然后選擇我們剛剛編輯的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，打開數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)就可以看到我們剛剛編輯的所有內(nèi)容，選擇我們想要添加的圖層，然后單擊添加69BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(AddData)這就是添加完成以后的效果圖70BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditMap)單擊這里來(lái)改變顯示符號(hào)可以改變顏色和字體大小等屬性71BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditMap)改變顯示符號(hào)以后的效果現(xiàn)在這種模式下這里的功能按鈕全都是灰色的，不能用這里都是可用的數(shù)據(jù)體顯示模式72BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditMap)切換到打印效果現(xiàn)在所有的按鈕都被激活73BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditMap)在Layers上面右鍵單擊然后選擇

Properties74BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditGrid)單擊Grids單擊NewGrids75BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditGrid)選擇MeasuredGrid單擊Next76BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditGrid)這里輸入格網(wǎng)的間距這里調(diào)整外觀77BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditGrid)78BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditGrid)這里我們選擇格網(wǎng)隨著數(shù)據(jù)體自動(dòng)變化79BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditGrid)單擊完成，新的格網(wǎng)就顯示在這里80BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditGrid)單擊OK回到當(dāng)前的視圖窗口81BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditGrid)1.單擊放大按鈕2.放大任意一個(gè)角，直至可以清楚的看到格網(wǎng)線的坐標(biāo)82BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditGrid)然后右鍵單擊layers選擇properties83BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditGrid)1.單擊Properties84BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditGrid)輸入格網(wǎng)間隔Interval選項(xiàng)框里和數(shù)據(jù)體的坐標(biāo)系統(tǒng)保持一致85BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditGrid)格網(wǎng)顯示屬性這里也是顯示屬性，都按默認(rèn)的即可86BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditGrid)選擇全部改變坐標(biāo)顯示的附加屬性單擊AdditionalProperties87BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditGrid)這里用以編輯坐標(biāo)的顯示屬性單擊可以改變字體屬性幾位有效數(shù)字保留幾位數(shù)字的位置88BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(EditGrid)編輯完成以后的坐標(biāo)看起來(lái)簡(jiǎn)潔明快，不過這里可以依據(jù)個(gè)人的不同喜好自己定義的89BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(OtherElements)這里插入指北針90BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(OtherElements)這里有好多種不同的指北針可供選擇91BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(OtherElements)插入以后，你可以隨意的擺放其位置和調(diào)整其大小92BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(OtherElements)

在這里拖拽鼠標(biāo)畫出一個(gè)長(zhǎng)方形單擊畫圖選擇矩形窗口93BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(OtherElements)雙擊這個(gè)矩形，可以編輯其屬性94BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(OtherElements)單擊ChangeSymbol這里可以編輯的是背景顏色95BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(OtherElements)這個(gè)長(zhǎng)方形用以安放其它的一些地圖元素，所以其背景顏色改成無(wú)色指北針可以隨意擺放96BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(OtherElements)單擊Insert\Legend97BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(OtherElements)這里是圖例的插入圖例的插入，可以全部都按系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)的來(lái)完成，因?yàn)榈鹊讲迦胍院笏械膶傩远际强梢栽倬庉嫷?298BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(OtherElements)3499BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(OtherElements)5單擊finish100BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap圖例和指北針一樣，是可以隨意擺放的可以用拖拽的方法改變其大小101BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(OtherElements)單擊這里的放大到完全顯示整個(gè)的圖例102BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(OtherElements)在圖例的窗口上右鍵單擊以后選擇ConverttoGraphics103BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(OtherElements)右鍵單擊窗口以后選擇Ungroup104BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(OtherElements)現(xiàn)在的圖例都已經(jīng)被分離開來(lái)，你可以隨意的擺放其位置105BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(OtherElements)我們要把圖例按照橫向擺放，可以先選擇幾個(gè)用鼠標(biāo)拖拽來(lái)選擇106BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(OtherElements)把這些圖例放到我們前些時(shí)候畫出的長(zhǎng)方形中107BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(OtherElements)把這些圖例全部選中，鼠標(biāo)放在任何一個(gè)圖例上面單擊右鍵選擇group108BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(OtherElements)現(xiàn)在的圖例就算是已經(jīng)完成109BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(OtherElements)1.單擊放大按鈕單擊畫圖選擇畫線110BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(OtherElements)雙擊就可以完成畫線了111BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(OtherElements)選擇剛剛畫的線，然后右鍵單擊選擇復(fù)制112BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(OtherElements)右鍵單擊選擇粘貼113BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(OtherElements)同樣的方法把剩余的長(zhǎng)方形分割成幾個(gè)不同的區(qū)域，用于擺放其它的一些地圖元素114BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(OtherElements)單擊插入\圖片115BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap(OtherElements)插入的圖片同樣可以隨意的改變大小和擺放其位置116BGP8622ASurveyDepartmentTrainingProgramCreateaNewmap