?WhenonelooksbackuponthefifteenhundredyearsthatarethelifespanoftheEnglishlanguage,heshouldbeable

tonoticeanumberofsignificanttruths.Thehistoryofourlanguagehasalwaysbeenahistoryofconstantchange

—attimesaslow,almostimperceptiblechange,atothertimesaviolentcollisionbetweentwolanguages.Ourlanguage

hasalwaysbeena1ivinggrowingorganism,ithasneverbeenstatic.Anothersignificanttruththatemergesfromsuch

astudyisthatlanguageatalltimeshasbeenthepossessionnotofoneclassorgroupbutofmany.[Atoneextreme

ithasbeenthepropertyofthecommon,ignorantfolk,whohaveuseditinthedailybusinessoftheirliving,muchas

theyhaveusedtheiranimalsorthekitchenpotsandpans.J?Attheotherextremeithasbeenthetreasureofthose

whohaverespecteditasaninstrumentandasignofcivilization,andwhohavestruggledbywritingitdowntogive

itsomepermanence,order,dignity,andifpossible,alittlebeauty.

Asweconsiderourchanginglanguage,weshouldnoteheretwodevelopmentsthatareofspecialandimmediateimportance

tous.OneisthatsincethetimeoftheAnglo-Saxonstherehasbeenanalmostcompletereversalofthedifferentdevices

forshowingtherelationshipofwordsinasentence.Anglo-Saxon(oldEnglish)wasalanguageofmanyinflections.Modern

Englishhasfewinflections.Wemustnowdependlargelyonwordorderandfunctionwordstoconveythemeaningsthatthe

olderlanguagedidbymeansofchangesintheformsofwords.Functionwords,youshouldunderstand,arewordssuchas

prepositions,conjunctions,andafewothersthatareusedprimarilytoshowrelationshipsamongotherwords.Afewinflections,

however,havesurvived.Andwhensomewordinflectionscomeintoconflictwithwordorder,theremaybetroublefortheusers

ofthelanguage,asweshallseelaterwhenweturnourattentiontosuchmatersasWHOorWHOMandMEorI.Thesecondfact

wemustconsideristhataslanguageitselfchanges,ourattitudestowardlanguageformschangealso.IfTheeighteenthcentury,

forexample,producedfromvarioussourcesatendencytofixthelanguageintopatternsnotalwayssetinandgrew,until

atthepresenttimethereisastrongtendencytorestudyandre-evaluatelanguagepracticesintermsofthewaysinwhich

peoplespeakandwrite.J(2)

1.Incontrasttotheearlierlinguists,modernlinguiststendto.

A.attempttocontinuethestandardizationofthelanguage

B.evaluatelanguagepracticesintermsofcurrentspeechratherthanstandardsorproperpatterns

C.bemoreconcernedabouttheimprovementofthelanguagethanitsanalysisorhistory

D.bemoreawareoftherulesofthelanguageusage

2.Choosetheappropriatemeaningfortheword"inflectionwusedinline4ofparagraph2.

A.Changesintheformsofwords.B.Changesinsentencestructures.

C.Changesinspellingrules.D.Wordsthathavesimilarmeanings.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnotmentionedinthepassage?

A.Itisgenerallybelievedthattheyear1500canbesetasthebeginningofthemodernEnglishlanguage.

B.SomeotherlanguageshadgreatinfluenceontheEnglishlanguageatsomestagesofitsdevelopment.

C.TheEnglishlanguagehasbeenandstillinastateofrelativelyconstantchange.

D.ManyclassesorgroupshavecontributedtothedevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguage.

4.Theauthoroftheseparagraphsisprobablya(an).

A.historianB.philosopherC.anthropologistD.linguist

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbebestusedasthetitleofthepassage?

A.ThehistoryoftheEnglishlanguage.B.OurchangingattitudetowardstheEnglishlanguage.

C.Ourchanginglanguage.D.SomecharacteristicsofmodernEnglish.

1.spann.跨度，范圍，期間2.imperceptibleadj.覺(jué)察不到的，極細(xì)微的3.organismn.生物體，有機(jī)體

4.possessionn.擁有，占有，領(lǐng)土5.ignorantadj.無(wú)知的6.folkn.人們，民族7.permanencen.永久，持久

8.Anglo-Saxonsn.盎格魯一撒克遜語(yǔ)(人)，地道的英國(guó)人9.reversaln.顛倒，反向，逆轉(zhuǎn)10.inflectionn.詞尾變化

11.prepositionn.前置詞，介詞12.conjunctionn.聯(lián)合，關(guān)聯(lián)，連接詞13.intermsof根據(jù)，按照，用...的話，在方面

①【解析】"who”引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾"thecommon,ignorantfolk"?！癿uchas”引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句。"kitchenpotsandpans”

意為“鍋碗瓢盆”。

【譯文】?方面它是那些普通人甚至無(wú)知民眾的財(cái)產(chǎn)，他們每天都像使喚他們的牲畜和鍋碗瓢盆?樣用著語(yǔ)言。

②【解析】此句為一個(gè)復(fù)合倒裝句。"until”引導(dǎo)一個(gè)并列句，前一句的主語(yǔ)是“atendency"，“tofixthelanguageintopatterns

notalwayssetinandgrew"作"tendency"的定語(yǔ),第二句的主語(yǔ)也是"atendency","to"后面的句子作atendencyM的定語(yǔ)，“in

which”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾"ways"。

【譯文】例如在18世紀(jì)一種產(chǎn)生于各種來(lái)源的趨勢(shì)把語(yǔ)言固定在一個(gè)不常使用和不利于語(yǔ)言發(fā)展的模式中，而到了當(dāng)今，主流是要反

復(fù)研究、評(píng)價(jià)人們說(shuō)話、寫作中的語(yǔ)言實(shí)踐?！径涛拇笠狻勘疚闹饕v述英語(yǔ)演變過(guò)程的一些特點(diǎn)，指出了古英語(yǔ)與現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)的不同，

以及語(yǔ)言學(xué)家對(duì)待語(yǔ)言形式的態(tài)度的變化。

LB細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干回原文中定位，閱讀文章時(shí)注意首末段及各段開(kāi)頭的句子，這往往都是考點(diǎn)所在。這篇文章講的主要是英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言演

變的一些特點(diǎn)，指出了古英語(yǔ)與現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)的不同，以及語(yǔ)言學(xué)家態(tài)度的轉(zhuǎn)變。本題問(wèn)的正是現(xiàn)代語(yǔ)言學(xué)家與早期語(yǔ)言學(xué)家不同的傾向。根

據(jù)文章末尾Theeighteenthcentury,forexample,producedfromvarioussourcesatendencytofixthelanguageintopatterns

notalwayssetinandgrew,untilatthepresenttimethereisastrongtendencytorestudyandre-evaluatelanguagepractices

intermsofthewaysinwhichpeoplespeakandwrite.現(xiàn)代語(yǔ)言學(xué)家傾向于根據(jù)人們說(shuō)和寫的方式評(píng)價(jià)語(yǔ)言實(shí)踐，而不是像早期的

語(yǔ)言學(xué)家根據(jù)一定的模式評(píng)價(jià)語(yǔ)言。選項(xiàng)B符合文章的意思。

2.A詞匯題。要根據(jù)上下文的信息判斷單詞的意思。文章在第二段中間再次提到inflection時(shí)說(shuō),Afewinflections,however,have

survived.后面文章又舉了WHO/WHOM和ME/I為例說(shuō)明in門ection,這是一篇關(guān)于語(yǔ)言學(xué)的文章，從例子可以看出inflection的意思應(yīng)

該是“單詞的變形”，選項(xiàng)A正確。

3.A細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容，選項(xiàng)A“普遍認(rèn)為1500年是現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)的起點(diǎn)”在文章中沒(méi)有提及，故為正確答案。文章第二句說(shuō)Thehistory

ofourlanguagehasalwaysbeenahistoryofconstantchange-attimesaslow,almostimperceptiblechange,atothertimes

aviolentcollisionbetweentwolanguages.我們語(yǔ)言的歷史是一個(gè)不斷變化的歷史在一些時(shí)間里緩慢得幾乎難以察覺(jué)，在另一

些時(shí)間里則是兩種語(yǔ)言的激烈碰撞。由此可以推斷一些其他的語(yǔ)言對(duì)英語(yǔ)的發(fā)展有重大影響，選項(xiàng)B符合文章的意思。

4.D詞匯題。此題考查考生的推測(cè)能力和詞匯量，文章講述的是英國(guó)語(yǔ)言演進(jìn)的具體細(xì)節(jié)，最適當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢笐?yīng)該是Do作者很可能是一位語(yǔ)

言學(xué)家。A答案（歷史學(xué)家）和C答案（人類學(xué)家）也可以有點(diǎn)迷惑性。B答案（哲學(xué)家）是最不符合的。

5.C主旨題。本文從各個(gè)方面談及英語(yǔ)作為一種語(yǔ)言的發(fā)展變化，但并不是講述英語(yǔ)的歷史。所以選項(xiàng)A不對(duì)，選項(xiàng)C作為文章的題目最

為貼切。選項(xiàng)B只是文章闡述的一個(gè)方面，不夠全面。文章是在談到英語(yǔ)的不斷變化的時(shí)候談到了現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)的一些特點(diǎn)，所以選項(xiàng)D也失

之于片面。

?PeoplelivingonpartsofthesouthcoastofEnglandfaceaseriousproblem.In1993,theownersofalargehoteland

ofseveralhousesdiscovered,totheirhorror,thattheirgardenshaddisappearedovernight.Theseahadeatenintothe

softlimestonecliffsonwhichtheyhadbeenbuilt.Whileexpertswerestudyingtheproblem,thehotelandseveralhouses

disappearedaltogether,slidingdownthecliffandintothesea.

Erosion(侵蝕)ofthewhitecliffsalongthesouthcoastofEnglandhasalwaysbeenaproblembutithasbecomemore

seriousinrecentyears.Dozensofhomeshavehadtobeabandonedastheseahascreptfartherandfartherinland.Experts

havestudiedtheareasmostaffectedandhavedrawnupamapforlocalpeople,forecastingtheyearinwhichtheirhomes

willbeswallowedupbythehungrysea

AngryownershavecalledontheGovernmenttoerectseadefensestoprotecttheirhomes.Governmentsurveyorshave

pointedoutthatinmostcases,thisisimpossible.Newseawallswouldcosthundredsofmillionsofpoundsandwould

merelymakethewavesandcurrentsgofurtheralongthecoast,shiftingtheproblemfromoneareatoanother.Thedanger

is1ikelytocontinue,theysay,untilthewavesreachaninlandareaofhardrockwhichwillnotbeeatenaslimestone

is.Meanwhile,ifyouwanttobuyacheaphousewithanuncertainfuture,applytoahouseagentinoneofthethreatened

areasonthesouthcoastofEngland.Youcangetahouseforaknockdownpricebutitmayturnouttobeaknockdown

home1.WhatisthecauseoftheproblemthatpeoplelivingonpartsofthesouthcoastofEnglandface?

A)Thedisappearanceofhotels,housesandgardens.B)Theexperts*lackofknowledge.

C)Therisingofthesealevel.D)Thewashing-awayoflimestonecliffs.

2.TheerosionofthewhitecliffsinthesouthofEngland

A)willsoonbecomeaproblemforpeoplelivingincentralEngland

B)hasnowbecomeathreattothelocalresidents

C)isquicklychangingthemapofEnglandD)canbestoppedifpropermeasuresaretaken

3.Theexperts'studyontheproblemoferosioncan.

A)leadtoitseventualsolutionB)provideaneffectivewaytoslowitdown

C)helptopreventitfromworseningD)warnpeoplewhosehomesareindanger

4.Itisnotfeasibletobuildseadefensestoprotectagainsterosionbecause

A)itistoocostlyandwillendangerneighboringareasB)thegovernmentistooslowintakingaction

C)theywi11beeasilyknockeddownbywavesandcurrentsD)houseagentsalongthecoastdonotsupporttheidea

5.Accordingtotheauthor,whenbuyingahousealongthesouthcoastofEngland,peopleshould

A)beawareofthepotentialdangerinvolvedB)guardagainstbeingcheatedbythehouseagent

C)takethequalityofthehouseintoconsiderationD)examinethehousecarefullybeforemakingadecision

?PriscillaOuchida's"energy-efficient”houseturnedouttobeahorribledream.Whensheandherengineerhusband

marriedafewyearsago,theybuilta$100,000,three-bedroomhomeinCalifornia.Tightlysealedtopreventairleaks,

thehousewasequippedwithsmalldouble-paned(雙層玻璃的)windowsandseveralotherenergy-savingfeatures.Problems

beganassoonasthecouplemovedin,however.Priscilla'seyesburned.Herthroatwasconstantlydry.Shesuffered

fromheadachesandcouldhardlysleep.Itwasasthoughshehadsuddenlydevelopedastrangeillness.

Expertsfinallytracedthecauseofherillness.Thelevelofformaldehyde(甲醛)gasinherkitchenwastwicethe

maximumallowedbyfederalstandardsforchemicalworkers.Thesourceofthegas?Hernewkitchencabinetsandwall-to-wall

carpeting.

TheOuchidasarevictimsofindoorairpollution,whichisnotgivensufficientattentionpartlybecauseofthenation,

sdrivetosaveenergy.Theproblemitselfisn'tnew."Theindoorenvironmentwasdirtylongbeforeenergyconservation

camealong,wsaysMoschandreas,apollutionscientistatGeometTechnologiesinMaryland.uEnergyconservationhas

tendedtoaccentuatethesituationinsomecases.”

Theproblemappearstobemoretroublesomeinnewlyconstructedhomesratherthanoldones.Backinthedayswhen

energywascheap,homebuildersdidn'tworrymuchaboutunsealedcracks.Becauseofsuchleaks,theairinanaverage

homewasreplacedbyfreshoutdoorairaboutonceanhour.Asaresult,thepollutantsgeneratedinmosthouseholdsseldom

builduptodangerouslevels.

6.ItcanbelearnedfromthepassagethattheOuchidas'house.

A)iswellworththemoneyspentonitsconstructionB)isalmostfaultlessfromthepointofenergyconservation

C)failedtomeetenergyconservationstandardsD)wasdesignedandconstructedinascientificway

7.WhatmadetheOuchidas'newhouseahorribledream?

A)LackoffreshairB)PoorqualityofbuildingmaterialsC)Gasleakageinthekitchen.D)Thenewlypaintedwalls

8.Theword“accentuate”(Line4,Para.3)mostprobablymeans"______",

A)relieveB)accelerateC)worsenD)improve

9.Whywerecracksinoldhousesnotabigconcern?

A)Becauseindoorcleanlinesswasnotemphasized.B)Becauseenergyusedtobeinexpensive.

C)Becauseenvironmentalprotectionwasgiventoppriority.D)Becausetheyweretechnicallyunavoidable.

10.Thispassageismostprobablytakenfromanarticleentitled"”.

A)EnergyConservationB)HousesBuildingCrisisC)AirPollutionIndoorsD)TrapsinBuildingConstruction

?Engineeringstudentsaresupposedtobeexamplesofpracticalityandrationality,butwhenilcomestomycollegeeducation

Iamanidealistandafool.InhighschoolIwantedtobeanelectricalengineerand,ofcourse,anysensiblestudent

withmyaimswouldhavechosenacollegewithalargeengineeringdepartment,famousreputationandlotsofgoodlabs

andresearchequipment.Butthat'snotwhatIdid.chosetostudyengineeringatasmallliberal-arts(文科)university

thatdoesn,tevenofferamajorinelectricalengineering.Obviously,thiswasnotapracticalchoice;Icameherefor

morenoblereasons.IIwantedabroadeducationthatwould

providemewithflexibilityandavaluesystemtoguidemeinmycareer.Iwantedtoopenmyeyesandexpandmyvision

byinteractingwithpeoplewhoweren*tstudyingscienceorengineer!ng.Myparents,teachersandotheradultspraised

meforsuchasensiblechoice.TheytoldmeIwaswiseandmaturebeyondmy18years,andIbelievedthem

IheadedofftocollegesureIwasgoingtohaveanadvantageoverthosestudentswhowenttobigengineering“factories”

wheretheydidn,tcareifyouhavevaluesorwereflexible.Iwasgoingtobeacompleteengineer:technicalgenius

andsensitivehumanist(人文學(xué)者)allinone.

NowI'mnotsosure.Somewherealongthewaymynobleidealscrashedintoreality,asallnobleidealseventually

do.Afterthreeyearsofstrugglingtobalancemath,physicsandengineeringcourseswithliberal-artscourses,Ihave

learnedtherearereasonswhyfewengineeringstudentstrytoreconcile(協(xié)調(diào))engineeringwithliberal-artscourses

incollege.

Therealitythathasblockedmypathtobecomethetypicalsuccessfulstudentisthatengineeringandthe1iberal

artssimplydon,t'mixaseasilyasIassumedinhighschool.Individuallytheyshapeapersoninverydifferentways;

togethertheythreatentoconfuse.Thestruggletoreconcilethetwofieldsofstudyisdifficult.

11.Theauthorchosetostudyengineeringatasmallliberal-artsuniversitybecausehe.

A)wantedtobeanexampleofpracticalityandrationalityB)intendedtobeacombinationofengineerandhumanist

C)wantedtocoordinateengineeringwithliberal-artscoursesincollege

D)intendedtobeasensiblestudentwithnobleideals.

12.Accordingtotheauthor,byinteractingwithpeoplewhostudyliberalarts,engineeringstudentscan.

A)balanceengineeringandtheliberalartsB)receiveguidanceintheircareers

C)becomenobleidealistsD)broadentheirhorizons

13.Intheeyesoftheauthor,asuccessfulengineeringstudentisexpected

A)tohaveanexcellentacademicrecordB)tobewiseandmature

C)tobeimaginativewithavaluesystemtoguidehimD)tobeatechnicalgeniuswithawidevision

14.Theauthorysexperienceshowsthathewas.

A)creativeB)ambitiousC)unrealisticD)irrational

15.Theword"they"in**???togethertheythreatentoconfuse.w(Line3,Para.5)refersto

A)engineeringandtheliberalarts.B)realityandnobleideals

C)flexibilityandavaluesystemD)practicalityandrationality

?Sincewearesocialbeings,thequalityofourlivesdependsinlargemeasureonourinlerpersonalrelationships.One

strengthofthehumanconditionisourtendencytogiveandreceivesupportfromoneanotherunderstressfulcircumstances.

Socialsupportconsistsoftheexchangeofresourcesamongpeoplebasedontheirinterpersonalties.Thoseofuswith

strongsupportsystemsappearbetterabletocopewithmajorlifechangesanddailyhassles(困難).Peoplewithstrong

socialtieslivelongerandhavebetterhealththanthosewithoutsuchties.Studiesoverarangeofillnesses,from

depressiontoheartdisease,revealthatthepresenceofsocialsupporthelpspeoplefendoff(擋開(kāi))illness,andthe

absenceofsuchsupportmakespoorhealthmorelikely.

Socialsupportcushionsstressinanumberofways.First,friends,relatives,andco-workersmayletusknowthat

theyvalueus.Ourself-respectisstrengthenedwhenwefeelacceptedbyothersdespiteourfaultsanddifficulties.

Second,otherpeopleoftenprovideuswithinformationalsupport.Theyhelpustodefineandunderstandourproblems

andfindsolutionstothem.Third,wetypicallyfindsocialcompanionshipsupportive.Engaginginleisure-timeactivities

withothershelpsustomeetoursocialneedswhileatthesametimedistracting(轉(zhuǎn)移，??注意力)usfromourworriesand

troubles.Finally,otherpeoplemaygiveusinstrumentalsupport—financialaid,materialresources,andneededservices

—thatreducesstressbyhelpingusresolveandcopewithourproblems.

16.Interpersonalrelationshipsareimportantbecause.

A)theyareindispensabletopeople*ssocialwell-beingB)theyawakenpeople*sdesiretoexchangeresourcesC)they

helppeopletocopewithlifeintheinformationeraD)theycancurearangeofillnessessuchasheartdisease,etc

17.ResearchshowsthatpeopleJsphysicalandmentalhealth.

A)reliesonthesocialwe1faresystemswhichsupportthem

B)hasmuchtodowiththeamountofsupporttheygetfromothers

C)dependsontheirabilitytodealwithdailyworriesandtroubles

D)iscloselyrelatedtotheirstrengthforcopingwithmajorchangesintheir1ives

18.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheword“cushions”(Line1,Para.2)?

A)Addsupto.B)Doesawaywith.C)Lessenstheeffectof.D)Laysthefoundationfor.

19.Helpingasickneighborwithsomerepairworkisanexampleof.

A)instrumentalsupportB)informationalsupportC)socialcompanionshipD)thestrengtheningofself-respect

20.Socialcompanionshipisbeneficialinthat.

A)ithelpsstrengthenourtieswithrelativesB)itenablesustoeliminateourfaultsandmistakes

C)itmakesourleisure-timeactivitiesmoreenjoyableD)itdrawsourattentionawayfromourworriesandtroubles

?Do.sacesocialanimalsandwilhoulproperIraining,Iheywillbehavelikewildanimals.Theywillsoilyourhouse,destroy

yourbelongings,barkexcessively,fightotherdogsandevenbiteyou.Nearlyallbehaviorproblemsareperfectlynormal

dogactivitiesthatoccuratthewrongtimeorplaceoraredirectedatthewrongthing.Thekeytopreventingortreating

behaviorproblemsislearningtoteachthedogtoredirectitsnormalbehaviortooutletsthatareacceptableinthe

domesticsetting.

Oneofthebestthingsyoucandoforyourdogandyourselfistoobediencetrain(馴服)it.Obediencetraining

doesn,tsolveallbehaviorproblems,butitisthefoundationforsolvingjustaboutanyproblem.Trainingpensupa

lineofcommunicationbetweenyouandyourdog.Effectivecommunicationisnecessarytoinstructyourdogaboutwhat

youwantittodo.

Trainingisalsoaneasywaytoestablishthesocialrankorder.Whenyourdogobeysasimplerequestof“comehere,

sit,“itisshowingobedienceandrespectforyou.Itisnotnecessarytoestablishyourselfastopdogorleaderof

thepack(W)byusingextrememeasure.Youcanteachyourdogitssubordinate(從屬的)rolebyteachingittoshowsubmission

toyou.Mostdogsloveperformingtricksforyoutopleasantlyacceptthatyouareincharge.

Trainingshouldbefunandrewardingforyouandyourdog.Itcanenrichyourrelationshipandmakelivingtogether

moreenjoyable.Awell-traineddogismoreconfidentandcanmoresafelybeallowedagreateramountoffreedomthan

anuntrainedanimal.

21.Behaviorproblemsofdogsarebelieveto.

A)bejustpartoftheirnatureB)worseninmodernsociety

C)occurwhentheygowildD)presentathreattothecommunity

22.Theprimarypurposeofobediencetrainingisto.

A)teachthedogtoperformclevertricksB)maketheclogawareofitsownerJsauthority

C)providethedogwithoutletsforitswildbehaviorD)enablethedogtoregainitsnormalbehavior

23.Effectivecommunicationbetweenadoganditsowneris.

A)essentialtosolvingthedog'sbehaviorproblemsB)thefoundationfordogstoperformtasks

C)agoodwaytoteachthedognewtricksD)anextrememeasureinobediencetraining

24.Whydopetdogsloveperformingtricksfortheirmasters?

A)Toavoidbeingpunished.B)Toshowtheiraffectionfortheirmasters.

C)Towinleadershipofthedogpack.D)Toshowtheirwillingnesstoobey.

25.Whenadoghasreceivedeffectiveobediencetraining,itsowner.

A)cangivethedogmorerewardsB)willenjoyabetterfamilylife

C)cangivethedogmorefreedomD)willhavemoreconfidenceinhimself

?Americanscrnpoundoftheirvarietyandindividuality,yeliheyloveandraspeclfewthingsmorsthanauniform,whether

itistheuniformofanelevatoroperatorortheuniformofafiva-stargeneral.WhyareuniformssopopularintheUnited

States?

Amongtheargumentsforuniforms,oneofthefirstisthatintheeyesofmostpeopletheylookmoreprofessional

thancivilian(百姓的)clothes.Peoplehavebecomeconditionedtoexpectsuperiorqualityfromamanwhowearsauniform,

thetelevisionrepairmanwhowearsuniformtendstoinspiremoretrustthanonewhoappearsincivilianclothes.Faith

intheski11ofagaragemechanicisincreasedbyauniform.Whateasierwayisthereforanurse,apoliceman,abarber,

orawaitertoloseprofessionalidentity(身份)thantostepoutofunifor?Uniformsalsohavemanypracticalbenefits.

Theysaveonotherclothes.Theysaveonlaundrybills.Theyaretax-deductible(可減稅的).Theyareoftenmorecomfortable

andmoredurablethancivilianclothes.

Primaryamongtheargumentsagainstuniformsistheirlackofvarietyandtheconsequentlossofindividuality

experiencedbypeoplewhomustwearthem.Thoughtherearemanytypesofuniforms,thewearerofanyparticulartype

isgenerallystuckwithit,withoutchange,untilretirement.Whenpeoplelookalike,theytendtothink,speak,and

actsimilarly,onthejobatleast.

Uniformsalsogiverisetosomepracticalproblems.Thoughtheyarelong-lasting,oftentheirinitialexpenseis

greaterthanthecostofcivilianclothes.Someuniformsarealsoexpensivetomaintain,requiringprofessionaldry

cleaningratherthanthehomelaunderingpossiblewithmanytypesofcivilianclothes.

26.ItissurprisingthatAmericanswhoworshipvarietyandindividuality

A)stilljudgeamanbyhisclothesB)holdtheuniforminsuchhighregard

C)enjoyhavingaprofessionalidentityD)willrespectanelevatoroperatorasmuchasageneralinuniform

27.Peopleareaccustomedtothinkthatamaninuniform.

A)suggestsqualityworkB)discardshissocialidentity

C)appearstobemorepracticalD)lookssuperiortoapersonincivilianclothes

28.Thechieffunctionofauniformisto.

A)providepracticalbenefitstothewearerB)makethewearercatchthepubiceye

C)inspirethewearerJsconfidenceinhimselfD)providethewearerwithaprofessionalidentity

29.Accordingtothepassage,peoplewearinguniforms.

A)areusuallyhelpfulB)havelittleornoindividualfreedom

C)tendtolosetheirindividualityD)enjoygreaterpopularity

30.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe.

A)UniformsandSocietyB)TheImportanceofWearingaUniform

C)PracticalBenefitsofWearingaUniformD)AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofUniforms

?Whilestillinitsearlystages,welfarereformhasalreadybeenjudgedagreatsuccessinmanystates-atleastin

gettingpeopleoffwelfare.It*sestimatedthatmorethan2millionpeoplehavelefttherollssince1994.

Inthepastfouryears,welfarerollsinAthensCountryhavebeencutinhalf.But70percentofthepeoplewholeft

inthepasttowyearstookjobsthatpaidlessthan$6anhour.Theresult:TheAthensCountypovertyratestillremains

atmorethan30percent—twicethenationalaverage.

Foradvocates(代言人)forthepoor,that'sanindicationmuchmoreneedstobedone.

“Morepeoplearegettingjobs,but