2023屆新高考英語高頻考點(diǎn)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：專題十二考點(diǎn)18議論

文（B卷）

1.Timingiseverything.Thisisespeciallytruewhenastudentisseekingadmissiontoacollege

oruniversityanditcanoftenbealongandcomplexprocessintheUnitedStates.

Manypeoplethinktheprocessbeginsinthefinalyearofhighschool.However,students

shouldstarttakingactionwellbeforethat.IntheUS,youngpeoplegenerallyattendhighschool

forfouryears.Itssuggestedthatstudentstaketheirfirststeptowardapplyingtocollegeinthe

monthsbeforetheirthirdyear.Atthispoint,youngpeoplearestilllikelytohaveseveral

unansweredquestionsintheirmind.Thosequestionscouldbeascomplexas"Whatdoyouwant

outofyourcollegeexperience?"orassimpleas''Wheredoyouwanttostudy?1'Studentscanget

closertofindingtheanswersbyvisitinganycollegeoruniversity.

Thenextstepinvolvestesting.MostUSstudentstakeexamstoprovetheirlevelofacademic

performanceinthesecondhalfoftheirthirdyear.Aftertakingthesetests,theperiodbetweenthe

thirdandfourthyearsofhighschoolisbusy.Thisisthetimewhentheyshouldnarrowthelistof

collegesanduniversitiesunderconsideration.Oncetheyhavemadeashorterlist,theyshould

contacttheseschools.

Then,studentsshouldbeginworkingonawritingsample.MostUScollegesanduniversities

requireapplicantstoprovideawritingsamplethatdoesmorethanshowofftheirwritingability.It

shouldalsotelladmissionofficersmoreaboutwhotheapplicantsare.Sostudentsshouldbegin

workingonitevenbeforetheirfinalyearofhighschool.

Finally,intheUnitedStates,mostdeadlinesforcollegeapplicationmaterialsareinearlywinter.

Studentsshouldhandinalltheirapplicationmaterialsaweekbeforetheactualdate.Thatwayif

anyemergenciescomeup,studentshaveplentyoftimetocontacttheschools.Springiswhen

mostschoolsmaketheirdecisionsandinformstudentsiftheywillacceptthem.

1.WhenshouldAmericanhighschoolstudentsbegintoapplytocollege?

A.Inthefinalyear.B.Attheendofthesecondyear.

C.Inthesecondhalfofthethirdyear.D.Aftertheearlywinterofthethirdyear.

2.Whymaystudentsbebusybetweenthethirdandfourthyearsofhighschool?

A.Toprepareawritingsample.

B.Toprepareapplicationmaterials.

C.Tomakealistofcollegesanduniversities.

D.Totaketeststoprovetheiracademicabilities.

3.What'sthepurposeofawritingsample?

A.Toshowthestudenthowtocontactschools.

B.lbshowthestudenthowtowriteanapplication.

C.Tohelpadmissionofficersgettoknowthestudent.

D.Tohelpthestudentsolvesomeunansweredquestions.

4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.CollegeLifeandStudy

B.TimeArrangementinHighSchool

C.HighSchoolLife:ValuingtheExperience

D.CollegeApplication:GettingtheTimingRight

2.Itsbecomeanacceptedpartofkeepinguptodatewithextendedfamilyandfriends,butif

schoolchildrenwereintheirparents'shoes,themajoritywouldn'tsharepostsoftheirsonsand

daughtersonline.Over55%saidtheywouldnotuploadnewsabout,orimagesoftheirchildrento

theirsocialmedia,accordingtoasurveyofover16,000pupilsbyVotesforSchools.

Whilesomewereconcernedaboutbeingembarrassedorthecontentwhichcouldremainonline

indefinitely,othersexpressedconcernabouttheirpersonaldatabeingrevealed.Oneofthepupils

surveyedsaid,''Althoughourparentsmeanwell,sometimestheconsequenceofapostcanbe

disastrous.'*

Inresponsetothesurvey,children'smentalhealthcharityPlace2BeandlawfirmMishconde

ReyahaveproducedthreefilmsaheadoftheChristmasholidays—thebestperiodforparental

oversharing.

Inonevideo,aboutsafetyonline,10-year-oldAdavansaid,MIfyoushareanythingwithyour

family,youknowwho'sgoingtoseeit.Butifyoushareitpublicly,therearemillionsofpeople

whocanseeyourpicture.1'

JoeHancock,asecurityleadatMishcondeReya,encouragedparentstosharewisely."Simple

steps,suchascheckingyourprivacysettingsandaskingothersnottosharecontentofyour

childrenontheiraccountsiftheyhaven'tupdatedtheirprivacysettings,areagoodstart.And,as

wefoundoutfromthechildrenduringfilming,havingtheirpermissioniskey,"hesaid.

ThestudymarksashiftawayfromtheusualdebateaboutteachingchildrentousetheInternet

safely.SandraDavis,headofthelawfirm'sfamilydepartment,said,nChildrenaretheexpertson

therealandimmediateimpactofsharenting（曬娃）一thefullextentofwhichwecannotknowyet.

Wemustensurewelistentochildrenandtaketheirviewsintoconsiderationnowinordertoavoid

anyunintendedconsequencesfurtherdowntheline.”

1.What'smostpupils'attitudetowardssharingpostsaboutchildren?

A.Skeptical.B.Tolerant.C.Unwilling.D.Unconcerned.

2.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph2?

A.Summarizethepreviousparagraph.

B.Providesomeadviceforparents.

C.Predicttheconsequenceofsharingposts.

D.Givereasonsfortheresultofthesurvey.

3.WhatshouldparentsfirstpayattentiontoaccordingtoJoeHancock?

A.Safety.B.Consequence.C.Wisdom.D.Health.

4.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Parentsshouldtakechildren'sopinionsintoaccount.

B.ParentsshouldteachchildrentousetheInternetsafely.

C.Childrenmustmakesuretolistentotheirparents.

□.Childrenshouldavoidunintendedconsequencesofsharenting.

3.Everydayonherwalktoschool,KhloeThompson,anine-year-oldgirl,keptnoticingthe

samehomelesspeopleandcouldn'thelpbutfeeltroubled.Shekeptaskinghermomwhyorhow

theywerethere,andattheendoftheconversationshealwayswondered,"WhatcanIdotohelp?"

Seeingthesestrugglingindividualsinhercommunity,Khloemadearesolutiontocreateherown

charitydevotedtoimprovingthelivesoflocalhomelesspeople.AfterKhloemadethedecision

firmly,shequicklybegantoeffectchangeinthehomelesscommunity,raisingspiritswhile

lendingsomemuch-neededassistancetothoselivingonthestreet.

"Nodreamistoosmallortoobig!"writesKhloeonherGoFundMepage,whichwassetup

byKhloeandhermomAlishaandhasraised$14,000inthetwomonthssinceitwasestablished,

exceedingitsoriginal$10,000goal."Anyfundsraisedonthispagewillgotowardourcharity

filingfeesandanyfuturevolunteerprojects.Themoreweraise,themorepeoplewecanhelp!"

Thecharity,calledKhloeKares,isacommunityservice-orientedorganizationthatplans

differentprojectstogivesomeassistancetothoseinneed.Khloe'sfirstprojectwasKareBags,

whichareintendedtohelpthehomeless."Iliketogivethemanicesturdybagthattheycanhave

forever,'*saysKhloe,''Sometimestheygivemehugsandthentheysaythankyou."

“Asaparent,youiegoingtobeconcernedaboutherwalkinguptorandomstrangers,"says

Alisha,whoaccompaniesKhloewhenshehandsoutherKareBags.Afterseeingpeople'spositive

reactions,shesaidnPeoplereallywarmuptoherquickly."

AsKhloestrivestohelpthosenearher,homelessnesshasbecomeanincreasinglypressing

issue.ForKhloe,KareBagsarejustthebeginning.Sheiscurrentlyplanningatoydriveforkids

livingingrouphomes,whichwilltakeplaceonJuly.Shehascollectedabout$1,000worthoftoys

togiveout,andadditionalvoluntarygiftswillgotowardsTheRaiseFoundationofOrangeCounty,

whosegoalistostopchildabuseandneglect.

1.Khloecreatedherowncharityto.

A.collectmoneyforchildren'stoys

B.helphomelesspeopleofthelocalarea

C.protectmorechildrenfromabuseandneglect

D.improvethelivingconditionofthecommunity

2.Fromthepassage,wecanknowthatGoFundMepage.

A.isacommunityservice-orientedorganization

B.wassetupbyKhloeandsomelocalvolunteers

C.plansdifferentprojectstohelpthosepeopleinneed

D.raisesfundforfilingfeesandfuturevolunteerprojects

3.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeKhole?

A.Devotedandopen-minded.B.Humorousandstrong-willed.

C.Determinedandwarm-hearted.D.Knowledgeableandhard-working.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?

A.NoLifeisEasyB.TheRoadtoSuccess

C.ThePowerofVolunteersD.LendaHandtoStrangers

4.OffthecoastofFormentera,anisland,livesseagrassthatstretches15km.Theseagrass,

coveringseveralkilometers,ismadeupofasingleorganism.Thegrassesarealsolong-lived,for

tensorhundredsofthousandsofyears.Alongwithtwootherkindsofcoastal

ecosystem一mangrove（紅樹林）swampsandtidalmarshes。朝汐沼澤）一seagrassfieldsare

particularlygoodattakingcarbondioxidefromtheair.

ThisrolewashighlightedinareportpublishedonMarch2ndbyUNESCO,on"blue

carbon"一thecarbonstoredbyEarth'soceanicandcoastalecosystems.Intotalaround3300

milliontonsofcarbondioxide（aboutthree-quartersoftheworld'semissionsin2019）arelocked

awayintheplanet'sblue-carbonsinks.ResearchbyCarlosDuarte,thereport'sauthorandan

ecologist,hasshownthatonehectareofseagrasscansuckasmuchcarbondioxideeachyearas15

hectaresofrainibrest.

Onereasonthatblue-carbonecosystemsmakesucheffectivesinksisthatunderwaterforests

arethickerthantheland-basedwoods.Theycanalsotrapfloatingpiecesandorganicmatter,

whichsettlesontheseafloorandcandoubletheamountofcarbonstoredaway.Theypossess

anotheradvantage,too.Climatechangeisleadingtomorewildfiresaroundtheworld.Asforests

burn,theircarbonstocksaresentbackintotheatmosphere.Unlikeforestsonland,blue-carbon

ecosystemsdonotburn.

Blue-carbonecosystemsmaynotbefired,buttheyremainaffectedtoothersortsofdisasters.

InMay2020cycloneAmphandestroyed1200squarekilometresofmangroveforests.Amarine

heatwaveinAustralianwatersin2010and2011damagedaroundonethirdoftheworld'slargest

seagrassfieldinSharkBay.Mangroveforestscanweakenorcontrolwavesandprovidenatural

barrierstostormsurges.Protectingandexpandingthem,then,appearstobeamust.

1.Whatdotheblue-carbonecosystemsconsistof?

A.Thecarbonstoredincoastalecosystems.

B.SeagrasslivingoffthecoastofFormentera.

C.Asingleorganism,seagrassfieldsandforestsonland.

D.Seagrassfields,mangroveswampsandtidalmarshes.

2.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytalkabout?

A.Theconcreteroleof"bluecarbon'*.B.Thespecialfeaturesoftheseagrass.

C.Thestorageabilityoftheblue-carbonsinks.D.Thefindingsabouttheblue-carbon

ecosystems.

3.Whycantheblue-carbonecosystemsmakesucheffectivesinks?

A.Becausetheyhavegreaterabsorbingability.

B.Becausetheyaren'tinfluencedbydisasters.

C.Becausetheircarbonstocksarereleasedback.

D.Becausethereismorecarboninwaterthanonland.

4.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?

A.Toaddbackgroundinformation.B.Togivesuggestions.

C.Tolistinfluentialexamples.D.Toofferscientificdata.

5.OneinfivechildrenstartingprimaryschoolintheUKareoverweight.Bythetimetheyleave

school,thatfigurewillrisetooneinthree.Thechanceofthembeingoverweightinadulthood,

whichbringsarangeofassociatedhealthrisks,ishigh,at50-75%.

Therootcauseofdiet-relatedfatnessisnosecret:anenergyimbalancebetweenthequantityof

foodbeingconsumedandthelevelofphysicalactivitybeingconducted.Addressingthis

imbalanceneedstobe,inpart,areviewofourdiet.Morefreshingredients（原料）especiallyfruit

andvegetables,lessprocessedfoodsandfeweradditives（添力口劑）areallimportantfactorsin

buildingabalanceddiet.

TheDepartmentofHealthhasrecognizedthatacollectiveapproach,ratherthanjustindividual

behaviorchange,isasuccessfulwayofachievingthis.Universaladjustmentslikeablanket

decreaseinsugarcontentinfluencethewayweeatthroughthechoicesavailabletous.

Applyingthisapproachtoschoolkitchensmakessense.Theyhaveanimportantroletoplayin

maintaininghealthydiets.Offeringaschoolmenupackedwithfreshingredientsandwithout

artificialadditivesmakesadirectandeffectiveimpactonwhatchildreneatatschool.

IfsanareatheSoilAssociationconsistentlyworkstohandlethroughitsFoodforLifeprogram

一workingwithschoolstotransformfoodculture,improvefoodeducationandencouragelasting

changestothewayschoolsthinkaboutfood.Itworks.InFoodforLifeschools,pupilsareathird

lesslikelytoeatnofruitorvegetablesthanthoseincomparisonschools.

OnewayforschoolstogetinvolvedisaFoodforLifeServedHereaward,whichmeansat

least75%ofdishesarepreparedonsiteusingfreshingredients.Itencourageslocalseasonal

produceand,atsilverorgoldlevel,requiresacommitmenttoenvironmentallyfriendlyproduce.

Atitsheart,theawardisdesignedtosupporthealthandenhancefoodunderstanding.

Over50%ofEnglishprimaryschoolshavesuchanawardalready,servingaround1.7million

mealseachdaytoover10,000schoolsandit'safigurewe'llseegrow.

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"addressing"inparagraph2mean?

A.Tackling.B.Ignoring.C.Maintaining.D.Postponing.

2.Whichapproachwillworkforstudentstobuildabalanceddiet?

A.Stoppingthemeatingaloneinschools.

B.Gettingthemawareoftheharmoffatness.

C.Ensuringhealthyrecipesonschoolmenus.

D.Increasingtheavailabilityandflavoroffood.

3.WhatcanwesayabouttheFoodforLifeprogram?

A.It'saheavyloadonschools.B.Ifscomplicatedtooperate.

C.It'satemporaryproject.D.It'safruitfulattempt.

4.WhichtypeoffoodmaytheFoodforLifeServedHereawardpromote?

A.Sugarysnacks.B.First-classsausages.

C.High-qualityimportedbeef.D.Freshlypickedorganicbeans.

6.Withtheyoungunabletoaffordtoleavehomeandtheoldatriskofisolation（孤獨(dú)）,more

familiesarechoosingtolivetogether.

Thedoorwaytopeaceandquiet,forNickBrightatleast,leadsstraighttohismother-in-law:

shelivesonthegroundfloor,whilehelivesupstairswithhiswifeandtheirtwodaughters.

Fouryearsagotheyallmovedintoathree-storeyVictorianhouseinBristol-oneofagrowing

numberofmultigenerationalfamiliesintheUKlivingtogetherunderthesameroof.Theysharea

frontdoorandawashingmachine,butRitaWhiteheadhasherownkitchen,bathroom,bedroom

andlivingroomonthegroundfloor.

"Wefloatedtheideatomymumofsharingahouse,"saysKathrynWhitehead.Ritacutsin;"

WespokemorewithNickbecauseIthinkit*sabigthingforNicktolivewithhismother-in-law.1'

AndwhatdoesNickthink?"Frommystandpoint,itallseemstoworkverywell.WouldI

recommendit?Yes,IthinkIwould.',

It'shardtotellexactlyhowmanypeopleagreewithhim,butresearchindicatesthatthe

numbershavebeenrisingforsometime.Officialreportssuggestthatthenumberofhouseholds

withthreegenerationslivingtogetherhadrisenfrom325,000in2001to419,000in2013.

Othervarietiesofmultigenerationalfamilyaremorecommon.Somepeoplelivewiththeir

elderlyparents;manymoreadultchildrenarereturningtothefamilyhome,iftheyeverleft.Itis

saidthatabout20%of25-34-year-oldslivewiththeirparents,comparedwith16%in1991.The

totalnumberofallmultigenerationalhouseholdsinBritainisthoughttobeabout1.8million.

Storieslikethataremorecommoninpartsoftheworldwheremultigenerationallivingismore

firmlyrooted.InIndia,particularlyoutsidecities,youngwomenareexpectedtomoveinwith

theirhusband'sfamilywhentheygetmarried.

l.WhomainlyusesthegroundfloorintheVictorianhouseinBristol?

A.Nick.B.Rita.C.Kathryn.D.Thedaughters.

2.WhatisNick*sattitudetowardssharingthehousewithhismother-in-law?

A.Positive.B.Carefree.C.Tolerant.D.Unwilling.

3.Whatistheauthor'sstatementaboutmultigenerationalfamilybasedon?

A.Familytraditions.B.Financialreports.C.Publishedstatistics.D.Publicopinions.

4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Lifestylesindifferentcountries.B.Conflictsbetweengenerations.

C.AhousingprobleminBritainAD.ArisingtrendoflivingintheUK.

7.Whenalmosteveryonehasamobilephone,whyaremorethanhalfofAustralianhomesstill

payingforalandline（座機(jī)）？

Thesedaysyou'dbehardpressedtofindanyoneinAustraliaovertheageof15whodoesn't

ownamobilephone.Infactplentyofyoungerkidshaveoneintheirpocket.Practicallyeveryone

canmakeandreceivecallsanywhere,anytime.

Still,55percentofAustralianshavealandlinephoneathomeandonlyjustoveraquarter

（29%）relyonlyontheirsmartphones,accordingtoasurvey（調(diào)查）.OfthoseAustralianswhostill

havealandline,athirdconcedethatit*snotreallynecessaryandthey'rekeepingitasasecurity

blanket-19percentsaytheyneveruseitwhileafurther13percentkeepitincaseofemergencies.

Ithinkmyhomefallsintothatcategory.

MorethanhalfofAustralianhomesarestillchoosingtostickwiththeirhomephone.Ageis

naturallyafactor（因素）一only58percentofGenerationYsstilluselandlinesnowandthen,

comparedto84percentofBabyBoomerswho'veperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years.

Ageisn'ttheonlyfactor;I'dsayit'salsotodowiththemakeupofyourhousehold.

GenerationXerswithyoungfamilies,likemywifeandI,canstillfinditconvenienttohavea

homephoneratherthanprovidingamobilephoneforeveryfamilymember.Thatsaid,tobe

honesttheonlypeoplewhoeverringourhomephoneareourBabyBoomersparents,tothepoint

whereweplayagameandguesswhoiscallingbeforewepickupthephone（usingCallerID

wouldtakethefunoutofit）.

Howattachedareyoutoyourlandline?Howlonguntiltheygothewayofgasstreetlampsand

morningmilkdeliveries?

l.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutmobilephones?

A.Theirtargetusers.B.Theirwidepopularity.

C.Theirmajorfunctions.D.Theircomplexdesign.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"concede"inparagraph3mean?

A.Admit.B.Argue.C.Remember.D.Remark.

3.WhatcanwesayaboutBabyBoomers?

A.Theylikesmartphonegames.B.Theyenjoyguessingcallers'identity.

C.Theykeepusinglandlinephones.D.Theyareattachedtotheirfamily.

4.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthelandlinefromthelastparagraph?

A.Itremainsafamilynecessity.B.Itwillfalloutofusesomeday.

C.Itmayincreasedailyexpenses.D.Itisasimportantasthegaslight.

8."Youcanusemeasalast儂。片（選擇），andifnobodyelsevolunteers,thenIwilldoit."This

wasanactualreplyfromaparentafterIputoutarequestforvolunteersformykids'lacrosse^

曲棍球）club.

Iguessthatthere'sprobablysomedemandingworkschedule,orsocialanxietyaroundstepping

uptohelpforanunknownsport.Shemayjustneedalittlepersuading.SoItryagainandtugat

theheartstrings.ImentionthesingleparentwithfourkidsrunningtheshowandItalkaboutthe

dadcoachingateamthathiskidsaren'tevenon...Atthispointtheunwillingparentspeaksup,

"Alright.Yes,I'lldoit.n

I'msecretlyrelievedbecauseIknowthere'srealpowerinsharingvolunteerresponsibilities

amongmany.Theunwillingparentorganizesthemealschedule,sendsoutemails,andcollects

moneyforend-of-seasongifts.Somewherealongtheway,thesameparentendsupbecomingan

invaluablememberoftheteam.Thecoachisabletofocusonthekidswhiletheotherparentsare

relievedtobeoffthehookforanotherseason.Handingoutslicedorangestobloodthirstykidscan

beasexcitingaswatchingyourownkidscoreagoal.

Still,mostofusvolunteersbreatheasighofreliefwhentheseasoncomestoaclose.Thatrelief

iscoupledwithadeepunderstandingofwhythesamepeoplekeepcomingbackformore:

Connectingtotheca即〃〃雙社區(qū)）asyoufreelygiveyourtime,money,skills,orservices

providesarealjoy.Volunteeringjustfeelssogood.

Inthatsense,I'mprettysurevolunteeringismoreofaselfishactthanFdfreelyliketoadmit.

However,ifothersbenefitintheprocess,andIgetsomerewardtoo,doesitreallymatterwhere

mymotivationlies?

1.Whatcanweinferabouttheparentfromherreplyinparagraph1?

A.Sheknowslittleabouttheclub.B.Sheisn'tgoodatsports.

C.Shejustdoesn'twanttovolunteer.D.She'sunabletomeetherschedule.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"tugattheheartstrings'*inparagraph2mean?

A.Encourageteamwork.B.Appealtofeelings.

C.Promotegooddeeds.D.Provideadvice.

3.Whatcanwelearnabouttheparentfromparagraph3?

A.Shegetsinterestedinlacrosse.B.Sheisproudofherkids.

C.She'llworkforanotherseason.D.Shebecomesagoodhelper.

4.Whydoestheauthorlikedoingvolunteerwork?

A.Itgivesherasenseofduty.B.Itmakesherveryhappy.

C.Itenableshertoworkhard.D.Itbringshermaterialrewards.

答案以及解析

].答案：1-4BCCD

解析:1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中"It'ssuggestedthatstudentstaketheirfirststeptoward

applyingtocollegeinthemonthsbeforetheirthirdyear.（建議學(xué)生在三年級(jí)前幾個(gè)月向大學(xué)申

請(qǐng)邁出第一步）”可知，美國(guó)高中生應(yīng)該在第二年年底開始申請(qǐng)大學(xué)。故選B。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中"Aftertakingthesetests,theperiodbetweenthethirdandfourth

yearsofhighschoolisbusy.Thisisthetimewhentheyshouldnarrowthelistofcollegesand

universitiesunderconsideration」參加完這些考試后，高中三、四年級(jí)之間的這段時(shí)間很忙。

這是他們應(yīng)該縮小正在考慮的學(xué)院和大學(xué)名單的時(shí)候了）“可知，學(xué)生在高中三、四年級(jí)之間

這段時(shí)間會(huì)很忙是因?yàn)橐谐鰧W(xué)院和大學(xué)的名單。故選C。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中"Then,studentsshouldbeginworkingonawritingsample.Most

UScollegesanduniversitiesrequireapplicantstoprovideawritingsamplethatdoesmorethan

showofftheirwritingability.Itshouldalsotelladmissionofficersmoreaboutwhotheapplicants

are.（然后，學(xué)生應(yīng)該開始寫一個(gè)寫作樣稿。大多數(shù)美國(guó)學(xué)院和大學(xué)要求申請(qǐng)者提供一份寫作

樣稿，這份樣稿不僅僅是用來展示他們的寫作能力。它還應(yīng)該告訴招生人員更多關(guān)于申請(qǐng)人

的信息）”可知，寫作樣稿的功能是幫助招生人員了解學(xué)生。故選C。

4.標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"Timingiseverything.Thisisespeciallytruewhenastudentis

seekingadmissiontoacollegeoruniversityanditcanoftenbealongandcomplexprocessinthe

UnitedStates.（時(shí)機(jī)就是一切。尤其是當(dāng)一個(gè)學(xué)生想要被學(xué)院或大學(xué)錄取的時(shí)候，在美國(guó)這經(jīng)

常會(huì)是一個(gè)漫長(zhǎng)而復(fù)雜的過程）”再結(jié)合全文可知，”大學(xué)申請(qǐng)：把握好時(shí)機(jī)”是本文最佳標(biāo)題。

故選D。

2.答案：l.C;2.D;3.A;4.A

解析：1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句Over55%saidtheywouldnotuploadnews

about,orimagesof,theirchildrentotheirsocialmediafeeds,accordingtosurveyofover16,000

pupilsbyVotesforSchools.可知，超過55%的學(xué)生表示,他們不會(huì)在社交媒體上上傳關(guān)于自己

孩子的新聞或照片。這項(xiàng)調(diào)查是通過投票選出學(xué)校的方式對(duì)16000多名學(xué)生進(jìn)行的。由此可

知，大多數(shù)學(xué)生不愿意分享。故選C。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段Whilesomewereconcernedaboutbeingembarrassedorthe

longevityofcontentwhichcouldremainonlineindefinitely,othersexpressedconcernabouttheir

personaldatabeingcompromised.Oneofthepupilssurveyedsaid,"Althoughourparentsmean

well,sometimestheconsequenceofapostcanbedisastrous."可知，雖然有些人擔(dān)心會(huì)尷尬，或

者可能無限期留在網(wǎng)上的內(nèi)容會(huì)持續(xù)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，但其他人則擔(dān)心他們的個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)會(huì)被泄露。

一名接受調(diào)查的學(xué)生說:“雖然我們的父母是好意,但有時(shí)一個(gè)帖子的后果可能是災(zāi)難性的。”

由此可知,第二段給出調(diào)查結(jié)果的理由。故選D。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段第二句Simplesteps,suchascheckingyourprivacysettingsand

askingothersnottosharecontentofyourchildrenontheiraccountsiftheyhavenotupdatedtheir

privacysettings,areagoodstart.由此可知，一些簡(jiǎn)單的步驟，比如檢查你的隱私設(shè)置，如果別人

沒有更新他們的隱私設(shè)置，就要求他們不要在他們的賬戶上分享你孩子的內(nèi)容,都是一個(gè)好的

開始。由此可知,JoeHancock認(rèn)為父母首先要注意安全性。故選A。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Thestudymarksashiftawayfromtheusualdebateabout

teachingchildrentousetheInternetsafely.SandraDavis,headofthelawfirm'sfamily

department,said,"Childrenaretheexpertsontherealandimmediateimpactofsharenting（I曬

娃）一thefullextentofwhichwecannotknowyet.Wemustensurewelistentochildrenandtake

theirviewsintoconsiderationnowinordertoavoidanyunintendedconsequencesfurtherdown

theline."可知，這項(xiàng)研究標(biāo)志著一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)變，從通常討論的教育孩子安全使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。Sandra

Davis是該律師事務(wù)所家庭部的負(fù)責(zé)人,她說:“孩子們是了解父母分房對(duì)孩子的真實(shí)和直接影

響的專家——具體影響程度我們還不清楚。為了避免將來出現(xiàn)任何意想不到的后果,我們現(xiàn)

在必須傾聽孩子們的意見，考慮他們的意見?！庇纱丝芍?，父母應(yīng)該考慮孩子的意見。。故選A。

3.答案:LB;2.D;3.C;4.D

解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句Khloemadearesolutiontocreateherowncharity

devotedtoimprovingthelivesoflocalhomelesspeople.科勒決定創(chuàng)立自己的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)，致力于

改善當(dāng)?shù)責(zé)o家可歸者的生活。故選B。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句Anyfundsraisedonthispagewillgotowardourcharity

filingfeesandanyfuturevolunteerprojects.本頁所募得的款項(xiàng)將用于我們的慈善申請(qǐng)費(fèi)和任

何未來的志愿者項(xiàng)目。故選D。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的描述可知,9歲的科勒就已經(jīng)下定決心要幫助無家可歸的人，課件

她是非常有決心的;她致力于幫助無家可歸的人，因此她也非常熱心。故選Co

4.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的描述可知科勒在上學(xué)的路上看到無家可歸的人時(shí),自己就決定要

幫助他們，包括最后一段提到的正在籌備的制止虐待兒童的項(xiàng)目，都是在幫助陌生人，故D項(xiàng)”

幫助陌生人”能概況文章大意。故選D。

4.答案：1-4DCAB

解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句"Alongwithtwootherkindsofcoastal

ecosystem-mangrove（紅樹林）swampsandtidalmarshes（潮汐沼澤）一seagrassfieldsare

particularlygoodattakingcarbondioxidefromtheair."可知，海草床，還有另外兩種沿海生態(tài)

系統(tǒng)一紅樹林沼澤和潮汐沼澤，尤其擅長(zhǎng)從空氣中吸收二氧化碳；結(jié)合第二段第一句中的

"on'bluecarbon'—thecarbonstoredbyEarth'soceanicandcoastalecosystems"可知，"藍(lán)碳”是地

球海洋和沿海生態(tài)系統(tǒng)儲(chǔ)存的碳。由此可知，海草床、紅樹林沼澤和潮汐沼澤構(gòu)成了藍(lán)碳生

態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選D。

2.段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段第二、三句可知，總共約有330億噸二氧化碳（約占2019年全球

排放量的四分之三）被鎖在地球的藍(lán)碳匯中。該報(bào)告的作者、海洋生態(tài)學(xué)家CarlosDuarte的

研究表明，一公頃海草每年吸收的二氧化碳相當(dāng)于15公頃雨林每年吸收的二氧化碳。由此

可知，本段主要介紹了藍(lán)碳匯的儲(chǔ)存能力。故選C。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一、二句可知，藍(lán)碳生態(tài)系統(tǒng)之所以會(huì)產(chǎn)生如此有效的碳匯，其

中一個(gè)原因是水下森林比陸上森林的密度更大。它們還能捕獲漂浮在海底的碎片和有機(jī)物，

使碳的儲(chǔ)存量增加一倍。由此可推知，藍(lán)碳生態(tài)系統(tǒng)之所以會(huì)產(chǎn)生如此有效的碳匯是因?yàn)樗?/p>

們有更強(qiáng)大的儲(chǔ)存能力。故選A。

4.目的意圖題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，最后一段先列舉了藍(lán)碳生態(tài)系統(tǒng)受到的危害；最后

兩句表明：紅樹林可以削弱或抑制海浪并為風(fēng)暴潮提供天然屏障。因此，保護(hù)紅樹林并擴(kuò)大

紅樹林的（種植）面積似乎是必需的（事）。由此可推知，最后一段的目的是給出一些建議。故

選B。

5.答案：1-4ACDD

解析：1.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后文"Morefreshingredie