南京市2015年中考英語試卷(總分：90分時間：90分鐘)選擇題(共40分)一、單項填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。()【2015南京】1.Inthepicture,thechairis________thetable.A.under B.onC.above D.beside1.D【解析】考查介詞辨析。句意：在圖畫中，椅子在桌子____。under 在……下邊；on 在……上邊（有接觸面）；above 在……上邊（無接觸面）；beside在……旁邊。根據(jù)圖中位置關(guān)系知：椅子在桌子旁邊。故選D。()【2015南京】2.Everyonemakesmistakesinhislife.Theimportantthingisnottorepeat________．A.it B.them C.him D.her2.B【解析】考查代詞辨析。句意：每個人在他（她）的一生中都會犯錯誤，重要的是不要重復(fù)____。it 它，指代單數(shù)；them它們，指代復(fù)數(shù)；him他，指代男性第三人稱單數(shù)，賓格；her她，指代女性第三人稱單數(shù)，賓格。根據(jù)句意，此處指代所犯的錯誤，是復(fù)數(shù)形式，與人稱無關(guān)。故選B。()【2015南京】3.—Whydidn'tPeter________hishomework?—Hesaidhehadlosthisworkbook.Ithinkit'sanexcuse.A.does B.doing C.do D.did3.C【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)辨析。句意：——為什么皮特沒有做他的家庭作業(yè)？——他說他弄丟他的作業(yè)本，我認為這是個借口。does用于一般現(xiàn)在時第三人稱形式；doing用于現(xiàn)在進行時；do用于一般現(xiàn)在時，是原形；did用于一般過去時。根據(jù)句意可知，本句是一般過去時，前面有了助動詞didn’t體現(xiàn)了一般過去時，后面的行為動詞用原形。故選C。()【2015南京】4.PukouRailwayStation________in1911andithasbecomeafilminglocationforfilmsandTVplaysinrecentyears.A.build B.isbuilt C.built D.asbuilt4.D【解析】考查句子的語態(tài)辨析。句意：在1911年，浦口鐵路站____最近幾年它成為電影和電視劇的拍攝基地了。build用于主動語態(tài)，一般現(xiàn)在時，是動詞原形；isbuilt用于被動語態(tài)，一般現(xiàn)在時；built用于主動語態(tài)，一般過去時；wasbuilt用于被動語態(tài)，一般過去時。分析前句知：浦口鐵路站在1911年被建造起來，是被動語態(tài)，一般過去時。故選D。()【2015南京】5.—Whatwouldyouliketodrink?—I'mverythirsty.________youcanget.Justgetitnow.A.Anything B.Something C.Nothing D.Otherthings5.A【解析】考查不定代詞辨析。句意：——你想要喝什么？——我很渴，你能有什么飲料，現(xiàn)在就拿給我。Anything任何東西；Something某件東西；Nothing沒有；Otherthings其它的物品。根據(jù)句意，發(fā)話者很渴，任何能喝的飲料都要。故選A。()【2015南京】6.Thiskindofplantis________seeninourcitybecauseitlives4,500mabovesealevelandishardtofind.A.commonly B.always C.seldom D.easily6.C【解析】考查副詞辨析。句意：這種植物在我們的城市見到，因為它生長在海平面4500米以上，很難發(fā)現(xiàn)。commonly經(jīng)常的；always總是；seldom很少；easily容易的。根據(jù)文中交代的原因：它生長在海平面4500米以上，很難發(fā)現(xiàn)。推斷它很少被看到。故選C。()【2015南京】7.Lisawasstillveryweakwhenshelefthospital.Butafteraweek'srest,shefeltmuch________andwentbacktoschool.A.good B.better C.bad D.worse7.B【解析】考查形容詞的比較等級辨析。句意：當(dāng)麗薩出院時，她身體還很體弱，但是經(jīng)過一周的休息之后，她感到，她返回學(xué)校了。good好，原級，不用于身體健康方面；better比較級原級有g(shù)ood,well(可用于身體健康方面)；bad差，原級，不用于身體健康方面；worse比較級，原級有bad,ill(可用于身體健康方面)。將選項帶到語境中理解知B項符合語境。()【2015南京】8.—IsawDavidintheteachers'officethismorning.Doyouknow________hewasthere?—Hewenttheretohandinhishomework.A.how B.whether C.when D.why8.D【解析】考查賓語從句中連接詞辨析。句意：——今天早晨我看到戴維德在教師辦公室的。你知道他在那里。——他去那繳作業(yè)的。how怎么樣；whether是否;when什么時候；比照后一分句他去那繳作業(yè)的?？赏浦荷暇湓儐柫舜骶S德去教師辦公室的原因。故選D。()【2015南京】9.It'simportantforustoprotectnaturebecausewe________itsrichresourcestolive.A.dependon B.leavefor C.giveup D.leadto9.A【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：對于我們而言，保護自然很重要，因為我們____，它的豐富的自然資源而生存。dependon依靠；leavefor離開此地去某地；giveup放棄；leadto導(dǎo)致。根據(jù)句意，我們依靠它的豐富的自然資源而生存。故選A。()【2015南京】10.—Mom,mustIgoshoppingwithyou？—No,you________.YoucanwatchthefilmBigHero6withyourfriends.A.needn't B.can't C.shouldn't D.mustn't10.A【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞辨析。句意：——媽媽，我必須和你一起去購物嗎？——不，你____。你可以和你的朋友《超能陸戰(zhàn)隊》。needn’t不必；can’t不能；shouldn’t不應(yīng)該；mustn’t千萬不能。對must的回答，不是禁止的事用needn’t或don’thaveto。故選A。()【2015南京】11.You'dbettertravelaroundNanjingwithalocaltourguide________youwanttoknowmoreaboutitsculture.A.unless B.until C.although D.if11.D【解析】考查連詞辨析。句意：你最好帶著當(dāng)?shù)氐膶?dǎo)游旅游南京，你想更多地了解它的文化。Unless除非，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句；until直到，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句;although雖然，盡管，表示讓步，引導(dǎo)讓步轉(zhuǎn)語從句；if如果，表示假設(shè)，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句；分析前后分句的邏輯關(guān)系，兩分句構(gòu)成“條件”關(guān)系。故選D。()【2015南京】12.—What'swrongwithSimon?Heisn'tatschooltoday.—Hislegshurt.Hewas________byamotorcyclethismorning.A.treated B.hit C.operated D.cured12.B【解析】考查動詞辨析。句意：——西蒙怎么啦？他今天沒有上學(xué)?！仁軅?，今天早晨他被一輛摩托車。treated治療；hit撞；operated手術(shù)；cured治愈根據(jù)句意可知：他被一輛摩托車撞了。故選B。()【2015南京】13.—WhenwillUncleSamcometoseeus?—He'llvisitusthisweekend.He________methatbyemail.A.told B.istold C.willtell D.wasgoingtotell13.A【解析】考查動詞的時態(tài)，語態(tài)辨析。句意：——薩滿叔叔什么時候?qū)砜次覀儯俊麑⒃谶@個周末來看我們，通過電子郵件他____我們。told用于主動語態(tài)，一般過去時；istold用于被動語態(tài)，一般現(xiàn)在時；willtell用于主動語態(tài)，一般將來時；wasgoingtotell用于主動語態(tài)，過去將來時。根據(jù)句意知，通過電子郵件他告訴了我們。主動語態(tài)，一般過去時。故選A。()【2015南京】14.—IsitOKifIkeepthisphoto?—________.Ihaveanothercopy.A.Sorry,no B.No,I'mnotsureC.Yes,that'sfine D.Don'tmentionit14.C【解析】考查交際用語辨析。句意：——我可以保存這張照片好嗎？——____，我有另外一張了。Sorry,no對不起，不可以；No,I’mnotsure不，我不能確定；Yes,that’sfine好的；Don’tmentionit別提它。根據(jù)應(yīng)答者的后一分句知：應(yīng)答者對發(fā)話者的請求表示同意。故選C。()【2015南京】15.—Toobadyoudidn'tgotothebeachwithus.Itwassomuchfunthere!Youmustgonexttime.—________.Idon'tthinkI'llhaveanyfun.Ican'tswim.A.Yes,please B.No,thanks C.Youarewelcome D.Mypleasure15.B【解析】考查交際用語辨析。句意：——你沒有和我們?nèi)ズ┩嫣缓昧?，那里是如此地好玩！你下次必須去——____，我認為沒有樂趣可言，我不會游泳。Yes,please好的，請；No,thanks不，謝謝；Youarewelcome不客氣；Mypleasure我樂意。根據(jù)應(yīng)答者的后一分句知：應(yīng)答者對發(fā)話者的建議表示不同意。故選B。二、【2015南京】完形填空(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Haveyouevertakenatourofazoo？Ifso,it'slikelythatthepersonwholedyouthroughthezoohelpedyoutolearnalotaboutthe__16__．AmeliaRinasisahighschoolstudentwholivesinOhio.OnedayAmelia__17__theClevelandMetroparksZoo.Themomentshesawthegorillasthere,shefelt__18__aboutthem.Shewonderediftheyweregettingtherightfoods.Ameliareadallshecouldaboutgorillasandlearnedwhattheyliketo__19__.Thenshestarteda“gorillagarden”.Shegrowsthefruitsandvegetablesthatgorillaslovetoeat.Someofthosefoodsaretomatoes,carrots,andstrawberries.Ameliaworkswithothervolunteersinhercommunitywhousetheir__20__timetohelpAmeliaandthegorillas.Whentheytakethefoodtothezoo,thegorillasarethrilled.Theylooksoexcited!WhoisresponsibleforAmelia'sinterestinanimals?AmeliaisamemberofRoots&Shoots.Itsmembersareyoungpeoplewho__21__animalsandtheenvironment.TheyhelpedAmeliaunderstandthatanimalsneedourcare,too.ThesloganontheRoots&ShootsWebsiteis“Inspire,takeaction,makeadifference.”Thesewordstell__22__thegroupisallabout.Thegroupurges(力勸)kidsandgrown-ups,includingparentsandteachers,todowhattheycantomakea__23__wheretheylive.Wheninterviewedaboutherproject,Ameliasaid，“IjoinedRoots&Shoots__24__Iwantedtomakeadifferenceintheworld.”Therearemany__25__tomakeadifferenceintheworld.AmeliaRinas'sgorillagardenhashelpedmakegorillashappierandhealthier.()16.A.gardens B.foods C.plants D.animals()17.A.opened B.bought C.visited D.started()18.A.bored B.tired C.worried D.relaxed()19.A.eat B.bite C.fight D.kick()20.A.paid B.last C.extra D.lost()21.A.careabout B.lookfor C.runafter D.laughat()22.A.when B.what C.how D.where()23.A.living B.mistake C.note D.difference()24.A.because B.but C.though D.unless()25.A.ways B.mysteries C.courses D.inventions【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。本文講述了美國俄亥俄州一名高中生AmeliaRinas在游玩過動物園后，建立猩猩園，參加環(huán)保組織立志幫助大猩猩過上健康快樂的生活的故事。她的故事影響了她周圍的許多人，人人都為保護動物做一些事，世界就會大變樣。16.D【解析】考查名詞辨析。gardens花園；foods食物；plants植物；animals動物。句意：如果是這樣，那個帶你游覽動物園的人是可能幫你理解更多有關(guān)____的情況。聯(lián)系上句，在動物園游玩是了解更多有關(guān)動物的知識。故選D。17.C【解析】考查動詞辨析。opened開放；bought買；visited參觀；started開啟。句意：一天AmeliaRinas____克利夫蘭動物園。聯(lián)系下句知：一天AmeliaRinas參觀了克利夫蘭動物園。故選C。18.C【解析】考查形容詞辨析。bored無聊的；tired累的；worried擔(dān)心的；relaxed放松的。句意：當(dāng)她看到大猩猩的那一刻，她對它們感到____。由后句中Shewonderediftheyweregettingtherightfoods.可推知，她對大猩猩的生存感到擔(dān)心，才符合語境。故選C。19.A【解析】考查動詞辨析。eat吃；bite咬；fight打架；kick踢。句意：Amelia閱讀了她所有有關(guān)大猩猩的書籍，知道了它們喜歡____什么。根據(jù)前后文可知，Amelia更關(guān)心它們吃什么。故選A。20.C【解析】考查形容詞辨析。paid已付款的；last最后的；extra額外的；lost失去的。句意：Amelia和她社區(qū)里那些用他們的時間來幫助Amelia和大猩猩的志愿者們一起工作。根據(jù)句意和常識可知，志愿者們花費他們的額外時間工作。故選C符合語境。21.A【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。careabout關(guān)心；lookfor尋找；runafter跟在后面跑；laughat嘲笑。句意：它的成員是那些____動物和環(huán)境的年輕人。閱讀下文知，這些人關(guān)愛動物和環(huán)境。故選A。22.B【解析】考查連接詞辨析。when什么時間，連接副詞；what什么，連接代詞；how怎么樣，連接副詞；where什么地方，連接副詞。句意：這些語言告訴我們這個組織是____。根據(jù)句意推知“這些語言告訴我們這是個什么組織”。故選B。23.D【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。makealiving謀生；makeamistake犯錯誤；makeanote做筆記；makeadifference產(chǎn)生影響。句意：這個組織立勸孩童和成年人，包括家長和老師去做他們所能做的一切去對他們所居住的地方產(chǎn)生____。根據(jù)句意，可知此處指帶來變化，有影響。故選D。24.A【解析】考查連詞辨析。because因為，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句；but但是；引導(dǎo)前后轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的句子；though雖然；引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句；unless除非，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。句意：我參加根和芽組織是我想改變這個世界。后句是前句的原因。故選A。25.A【解析】考查名詞辨析。ways方法，途徑；mysteries秘密；courses課程；inventions發(fā)明。句意：有許多改變世界的____。由上文談到Amelia的故事，由此推知，有許多改變世界的途徑。故選A。三、閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。【2015南京】ATodayisSunday.June14th.AndyisplanningatriptoSouthIslandwithhisfamily.Helovesdoingwatersports,especiallyswimming.However,hisparentswon'tallowhimtoswimwhenthehighesttemperatureisbelow30℃.Hereistheweatherforecast(預(yù)報)forSouthIslandforthecomingweek.6/156/166/176/186/196/206/21PartlycloudyRainyCloudyPartlycloudySunnySunnyRainy16℃～20℃14℃～18℃15℃～19℃18℃～25℃23℃～32℃22℃～31℃20℃～29℃()26.OnwhichdayscanAndygoswimming?A.June17thandJune18th. B.June19thandJune20th.C.ThisTuesdayandWednesday. D.Tomorrowandthedayaftertomorrow.()27.WhatshouldAndy'sfamilytakewiththemiftheygotoSouthIslandonJune21st?A.Kites. B.Sunglasses. C.Umbrellas. D.Sunhats.【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。本文主要講述了Andy打算和全家人去南島旅行，他的父母對他要去游泳提出的天氣方面的條件和這一周的天氣預(yù)報。26.B【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干意為：Andy可以在哪些天去游泳？A項六月17和18日；B項六月19和20日；C項本周周二和周三；D項明天和后天。根據(jù)文章第一句子TodayisSunday,June14th.和However,hisparentswon’tallowhimtoswimwhenthehighesttemperatureisbelow30以及文中的天氣預(yù)報情況可知選B。27.C【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干意為：如果Andy一家六月21日去南島旅行要帶上什么？A項為風(fēng)箏；B項太陽鏡；C項雨傘；D項太陽帽。根據(jù)文中的天氣預(yù)報情況可知六月21日那天下雨。故選C?！?015南京】BBrucecollectedthepapersAndMorttiedthemwithstringJasonhelpedBrucecarrythepapersAllthewaytotherecyclingbinsClivecollectedthecansAndDeanwashedthemallcleanRubyhelpedClivecarrythecansAllthewaytotherecyclingbinsWhenwerecycle,wehelptheplantsWehelpthecreaturesfromeaglestoantsWehelpmaketheworldahealthierplaceForoneandforallinthehumanrace()28.Whowashedthecanscleaninthepoem?A.Dean. B．Clive. C.Ruby. D.Jason.()29.Thelastlinefromthepoem“Foroneandforallinthehumanrace”tells________．A.theactionofrecycling B.thewayofrecyclingC.thepurposeofrecycling D.thesituationofrecycling()30.Inthepoem“plants”rhymeswith“ants”.Whichofthefollowingrhymewitheachother?A.Antsandplace. B.Cansandclean.C.Papersandstring. D.Placeandrace.【主旨大意】本文是一首詩。頌揚了幾位同學(xué)為環(huán)保所做的力所能及的日常生活中的事同時文章呼吁人們都來參與環(huán)保，讓我們居住的地球成為一個更健康的地方。28.A【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干意為：是誰洗了(用金屬或塑料制作的)容器？A項Dean；B項Clive；C項Ruby；D項Jason。根據(jù)文章第二段ClivecollectedthecansAndDeanwashedthemallclean知選A。29.C【解析】推理判斷題。題干意為：這首詩的最后一行“Foroneandforallinthehumanrace”告訴我們什么？A項循環(huán)利用的行為；B項循環(huán)利用的方式；C項循環(huán)利用的目的；D項循環(huán)利用的情形。根據(jù)文章最后兩句WehelpmaketheworldahealthierplaceForoneandforallinthehumanrace?？赏茢啾揪涓嬖V我們循環(huán)利用的目的。故選C。30.D【解析】細節(jié)判斷題。題干意為：在這首詩中plants和ants押韻，下面幾組它們相互押韻的是？A項Ants和places；B項Cans和clean；C項Papers和string；D項Place和race。根據(jù)各項中兩個詞的最后的發(fā)音。可知D互相押韻?！?015南京】CCharacters:Evan,Mrs.Bordoni,Mr.Cortez,Rita,Marco,TomSetting:AnelementaryschoolMrs.Bordoni:(Standsattheschoolgate)Goodmorning!Youneedtogostraighttoyourclassrooms,children.(Ashyboywalksup,lookingnervous.)Whatisyourname?Evan:(Looksattheground)MynameisEvan.Mrs.Bordoni:WelcometoNorthside.I'mtheprincipal(校長),Mrs.Bordoni.Evan:(Lookingsurprised)Oh！Goodmorning.Mrs.Bordoni:Iknowyouarenewtoourschool,butyouwilllikeithere.Iwilltakeyoutoyourclassroom.Evan:Ididn'twanttomove...andleavemyfriends.Mrs.Bordoni:Youwillhavefriendshere.You'llsee.Mrs.Bordoni:Here'syourroom,106.Mr.Cortez:Welcometoourclass!I'mMr.Cortez.Evan:(Theclasslooksathim.Hespeakssoftly)Hello.Mr.Cortez:Wearetalkingaboutastorywejustread.WhocantellEvanwhatitwasabout?Rita:Thisfamilymovestoanewstate.Theirstoryisbothfunnyandsad.Evan:(Cheeringup)Didtheylikethenewplace?Marco:Notatfirst.Buttheymadelotsofnewfriends.Mr.Cortez:Whathappenedtomakethemchangetheirminds?Tom:Thegirlfromnextdoorsaidsheneededhelp.Whentheygottoherhouse,asighsaid,“Welcome”．Marco:Itwasasurprisepartyforthem.Thewholefamilywaslaughing.Mr.Cortez:Theneighborsmadethefamilyfeelwelcome.Mrs.Bordoni:(Standsinthedoorway)Evan,it'stimeforlunch.(Theyenterthelunchroom.Asighsays,“WelcomeEvan”.)Itishardtochangeschoolsandleaveoldfriends.Now,weareyourfriends.Evan:(Smiles)Ican'tbelieveyoudidthisforme.()31.WhoisRitatheplay?A.Theprincipal. B.Theteacher.C.Evan'snewclassmate. D.Evan'soldfriend.()32.Thewordsinbrackets,suchas“(Ashyboywalksup,lookingnervous.)”tell________．A.whattheplayisaboutB.whatthewriteractsintheplayC.whatthecharactersaresayingtoeachotherD.whatthecharactersaredoingandhowtheyareacting()33.HowdoesEvanfeelatthebeginningoftheplay?A.Heishappybecausehemakessomenewfriends.B.Heisafraidbecausehecan'tfindthenewschool.C.Heisangrybecausetheothersdon'ttalktohim.D.Heisnervousbecauseitishisfirstdayinanewschool.()34.Whichisthecorrectorderaccordingtotheplay?a.Evanistakentotheclassroom.b.Evan'snewclassmatestellhimastory.c.Evanmeetstheprincipal,Mrs.Bordoni,attheschoolgate.d.Evanentersthelunchroomandfindsthesigh“WelcomeEvan”．A.a－c－b－d B.c－a－b－d C.d－a－c－b D.b－c－d－a()35.Whatisthebesttitleoftheplay?A.ASadStory B.Evan'sSignC.ASurpriseParty D.Evan'sWelcome【主旨大意】本文是一個小短劇。在一所學(xué)校，來一位新同學(xué)，學(xué)校里的校長，老師，同學(xué)用各種方式表達了對他歡迎，讓他盡快適應(yīng)新的學(xué)校生活。31.C【解析】推理判斷題。題干意為：劇中Rita是誰？A項校長；B項教師；C項Evan的新同學(xué)；D項Evan的老朋友。根據(jù)文中介紹可知，Evan來到一所新學(xué)校，沒有他的老朋友，校長和教師另有他人，可推斷Rita是Evan的新同學(xué)。故選C。32.D【解析】細節(jié)判斷題。題干意為：文中括號里的詞告訴我們什么？A項這個戲劇的內(nèi)容；B項作者在劇中表演的角色；C項劇中角色互相所說的內(nèi)容；D項劇中角色正在做的事和他們怎樣表演的。分析所有文中括號里的詞，可判斷括號里的詞說明了角色正在做的事和他們怎樣表演的。故選D。33.D【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干意為：在戲劇剛開始的時候，Evan感到怎么樣選D。34.B【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干意為：這個戲劇的正確順序是哪一個？A項Evan在進教室前先遇到校長的，該項有誤；B項順序正確；C項Evan去餐廳是最后動作，該項有誤；D項Evan的同學(xué)給他講故事是第三個順序，該項有誤。通讀全文知，只有B項順序正確。35.D【解析】主旨大意題。題干意為：這個戲劇的最好的題目是什么？A項一個悲傷的故事；B項Evan的標(biāo)記；C項一個令人驚奇的聚會；D項對Evan歡迎。理解全文可知本文表演了在一所學(xué)校，來一位新同學(xué)，學(xué)校里的校長，老師，同學(xué)用各種方式表達了對他歡迎。故選D。【2015南京】DNowadays,thefoodthatyoubuycomesfrommanydifferentcountries.Havealookinyourfridge,cupboard,andfruitbowlandchecktheorigins(來源)ofthefood.PerhapsthereareapplesfromCalifornia,lambfromNewZealand,orpotatoesfromEgypt?Youwillprobablybesurprisedhowfarfoodtravelstogettoyourplate.Thisjourney,from“fieldtoplate”，iscalled“foodmiles”.Afoodmileisthedistancethatfoodtravelsfromthefarmer'sfieldtothepersonwhobuysthefood.Nowadays,foodoftentravelsthousandsofmilestogettotheconsumer(消費者).Whyisthis,andwhataretheeffects(影響)oftheselongdistances?Traditionally,farmerssoldtheirfoodinthelocalmarket,sothefooddidn'thavetotravelveryfar.Theconsumersalsodidnottravelveryfarbecausetheywenttotheirlocalmarkettobuythefood.Thiswasagoodsystemforfarmersandconsumers.However,thereweresomedisadvantages.Forexample,consumerscouldonlybuyfoodthatfarmersproducedlocally.Inaddition,theycouldonlygetfoodthatwasinseason.Now,becauseofmoderntechnology,foodcomesfromallovertheworld.Wedonothavetowaitforspringorsummertobuystrawberriesortomatoes.Theyareavailableinwinterifwewant.Somecountrieshavetoimport(進口)mostoftheirfood.Thisisbecausetheyhavedifficultclimates.TheUnitedArabEmirates(UAE),forexample,gets85%ofitsfoodfromothercountries.EvenfoodmadeintheUAEoftenusesimportedmaterials.What'swrongwith“foodmiles”？Isthisnotagoodwayofincreasinginternationaltrade?Ibelievethesemilesareworryingforanumberofreasons.Firstofall,becausefoodtravelssuchlongdistances,weneedmoreplanes,lorries,andshipstomovethefood.Thismeansweusemoreoilorpetrol,sothereismorepollutionandmoreglobal(全球的)warming.Inaddition,foodthattravelsalongwayisnotfreshandusuallynotverytasty.Tomatoes,forexample,arepickedearlyandstoredfortheirlongjourneys.Forthisreason,theyareusuallytastelesswhentheygettotheconsumer.Localfoodhasabettertaste,anditalsoreducestheamountofglobalpollution.Weneedtobuymorelocalfood.()36.Whatiscalled“foodmiles”accordingtothispassage?A.Theoriginsofthefood.B.Theeffectsoflongsdistances.C.Thejourneyfromfieldtoplate.D.Thedisadvantagesofimportedfood.()37.Theunderlinedword“available”inParagraph2mostprobablymeans“________”．A.easytoget B.notbusyC.willingtotalk D.Impossibletoget()38.Somecountries,liketheUnitedArabEmirates,havetoimportmostoftheirfoodbecauseof________．A.longdistances B.difficultclimatesC.freshandtastyfood D.moderntechnology()39.ThewriterusestheLASTparagraphmostlytoencouragereadersto________．A.buymorelocalfood B.increaseinternationaltradeC.travellongdistances D.useimportedmaterials()40.Thispassageismainlyabout________．A.howlocalfoodtravelsfromfieldtoplateB.what“foodmiles”isanditseffectsC.howsomecountriesimporttheirfoodD.wheredifferentkindsoffoodcomefrom【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了現(xiàn)代食品全球流通的方式，原因和面臨的問題。36.C【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干意為：根據(jù)本文什么被稱為食物里程？A項食物的來源；B長距離的影響；C項食物從田頭到盤中的行程；D項進口食物的缺點。根據(jù)文中句子Thisjourney,from“fieldtoplate”,iscalled”foodmiles”可知選C。37.A【解析】詞義猜測題。題干意為：第二段劃線單詞available最可能的意思是什么。A容易得到；B項不忙；C項愿意交談；D項不可能得到。根據(jù)文章介紹食品全球流通的現(xiàn)象可知選A。38.B【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干意為：一些國家，如阿拉伯聯(lián)合酋長國需要進口大多數(shù)食物原因是。A長距離；B惡劣的氣候；C項新鮮和可口的食物；D項現(xiàn)代的技術(shù)。根據(jù)文中第三段第二句：Thisisbecausetheyhavedifficultclimates.可知選B。39.A【解析】推理判斷題。題干意為：本文作者用最后一段最有可能鼓勵讀者。A項買更多當(dāng)?shù)氐氖澄?；B項提升國際貿(mào)易；C項遠距離旅行；D項用進口材料。根據(jù)文章最后一段作者的觀點Weneedtobuymorelocalfood.可知選A。40.B【解析】主旨大意題。題干意為：這篇文章主要關(guān)于。A項當(dāng)?shù)厥澄锸窃鯓永锍虖奶镱^到盤中的；B項食物里程是什么和它的影響；C項有些國家是如何進口食物的；D項不同的食物來自哪里。通讀全文，文章主要介紹了介紹了現(xiàn)代食品全球流通的方式，原因和面臨的問題。故選B。非選擇題(共50分)四、填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)【2015南京】A)根據(jù)括號中所給的漢語寫出單詞，使句子意思完整正確。41.Thiskindofmobilephoneisvery________(便宜)andsimpletouse.42.“NanjingWeek”atExpoMilano2015willlastfrom________(七月)7thto13thinMilan,Italy.43.Harrydoesn'ttakemedicinewhenhecatchesacold.Healwaysbelievesthatbodyisabletofightitby________(自己)．44.Dadalwaystellsmenottostudyonlyfortests.Ifthat'sallI'mdoing,hesays,Iwillsoon________(失去)interestinlearning.45.TheChineseCharacterDictationContestremindsusthatChinesecharactersplayanimportant________(角色)inpassingonChineselanguageandculture.41.cheap【解析】句意：這種手機很便宜，使用簡單。由中文聯(lián)想到形容詞cheap。故填cheap?！窘馕觥烤湟猓涸?015米蘭世博會上，在意大利米蘭“南京周”將從七月七日延續(xù)到十三日。由中文聯(lián)到單詞July。故填July。43.itself【解析】句意：當(dāng)亨利感冒時，他沒有吃藥。他總相信他的身體能獨自抵抗感冒。由中文聯(lián)想到反身代詞，指代自己的身體用itself。故填itself。44.lose【解析】句意：爸爸總是告訴我學(xué)習(xí)不僅僅是為了考試，如果我所做的就為考試，在學(xué)習(xí)上我將很快失去興趣。由中文聯(lián)想到動詞lose。will后接動詞原形，故填lose。45.role【解析】句意：漢字聽寫大賽提醒我們漢字在傳承中國語言文化過程中扮演著重要的角色。由中文聯(lián)想到單詞role。分析詞組結(jié)構(gòu)用其單數(shù)形式。故填role。【2015南京】B)根據(jù)句子意思，用括號中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。46.—Ireallylikeyourbike.Isitexpensive?—Idon'tknowhowmuchitis.It'smy________(uncle)．47.WethinkSamuelisthemostsuitablepersontobeourmonitorbecausehedoeseverythingvery________(careful)．48.Citizenscanenjoy________(read)thousandsofvolumesofelectronicbooksonlinewiththefirst“WeChatlibrary”inJianyeLibrary,Nanjing.49.Weneedtomakemoreyoungpeople________(learn)ShadowPlaysothatitwon'tdisappearinChina.50.Withthe________(develop)oftechnology,thejourneytoMarsmightonlytakeabout20minutesinspacecraftinthefuture.46.uncle’s【解析】句意：--我真地喜歡你的自行車。它貴嗎？--我不知道它多少錢，它是我的叔叔的。由句意聯(lián)想到用括號里uncle的名詞所有格，后加’s。故填uncle’s?！窘馕觥烤湟猓何覀冋J為Samuel是做我們班長的最適合的人選，因為他做每項事都細心。由句意聯(lián)想到用括號里careful的副詞形式修飾前面的動詞短語doeverything。故填carefully。48.reading【解析】句意：在南京建鄴圖書館微信圖書館開業(yè)之際，市民們能夠享受到閱讀大量的網(wǎng)上電子書。由結(jié)構(gòu)enjoydoingsth聯(lián)想到用括號里read的-ing形式。故填reading。49.learn【解析】句意：我們需要使更多的年輕人了解影子劇，這樣它就不會在中國消失了。由結(jié)構(gòu)makesb.dosth聯(lián)想到用括號里learn的原形。故填learn。50.development【解析】句意：隨著科技的發(fā)展，在將來，乘航天飛機去火星的行程只需二十分鐘。由句意聯(lián)想到用括號里develop的名詞形式。故填development?！?015南京】C)根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容，從下面方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或短語填空，使對話內(nèi)容完整正確。whyhottesteachotherwashingawaysimilartoA:Guesswhat?I'mgoingtoChiangMainextweek.B:Wow,soundslikefun!ButIbelievethatAprilisthe__51__monthoftheyearthere.A:Yes,that'strue.Butthere'sawaterfestivaltherefromApril13thto15th.B:Iwonderifit's__52__theWaterFestivaloftheDaipeopleinYunnanProvince.A:Yes,Ithinkso.ThisisthetimeoftheThaiNewYear.Peoplegoonthestreetstothrowwaterat__53__．B:Cool!But__54__dotheydothat?A:Becausethenewyearisatimeforcleaningand__55__badthings.Thenyou'llhavegoodluckinthenewyear.51.hottest【解析】句意：但是我相信四月是那里一年中月份。名詞month前應(yīng)該是形容詞做修飾，而根據(jù)oftheyear和前面的the可知這里用形容詞的最高級。故填hottest。52.similarto【解析】句意：我想知道它是否與云南省傣族的潑水節(jié)。由前句及句意聯(lián)想到用similarto意為“類似于”。故填similarto。53.eachother【解析】句意：人們走上街頭潑水。分析句意可知人們互相潑水。故填eachother。54.why【解析】句意：但是他們那樣做？由答句回答那樣做的原因，推斷本句詢問，為什么那樣做。故填why。55.washingaway【解析】句意：因為新年是（人們）洗刷和壞事的時候。分析句意可知，此處是去除的意思，與cleaning并列。故填washingaway。五、閱讀填空(共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分)【2015南京】A)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容，在文章后第56－65小題的空格里填入一個最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。注意：每個空格只填1·個·單·詞·。NoahWebsterwasbornonOctober16,1758,intheWestDivisionofHartford,wherehisfatherfarmedandwordedasaweaver.Hismotherwasahousewife.Fewpeoplewenttocollegeatthattime,butNoahlovedsomuchtolearnthathisparentslethimgotoYale,Connecticut'sonlycollege.Noahgraduatedin1778.Hedesired(渴望)tostudylaw,buthisparentsdidn'thavemoremoneytosendhimtoschool.So,inordertomakealiving,NoahtaughtinGlastonbury,HartfordandWestHartford.Laterhestudiedlaw.NoahdidnotlikeAmericanschools.Sometimes70childrenofallageswerecrammed(擠滿)intoone-roomschoolhouseswithpoorbooksanduntrainedteachers.TheirbookscamefromEngland.NoahthoughtthatAmericansshouldlearnfromAmericanbooks,soin1783,NoahwrotehisowntextbookAGrammaticalinstituteoftheEnglishLanguage.Mostpeoplecalleditthe“Blue-BackedSpeller”becauseofitsbluecover.For100years,Noah’booktaughtchildrenhowtoread,spell,andpronouncewords.ItwasthemostpopularAmericanbookofitstime.BenFranklinusedNoah’sbooktoteachhisgranddaughtertoread.WhenNoahwas43,hestartedwritingthefirstAmericandictionary.HedidthatbecauseAmericansindifferentpartsofthecountryspelled,pronouncedandusedwordsdifferently.HethoughtthatallAmericansshouldspeakinthesameway.HealsothoughtthatAmericansshouldnotspeakandspelljustliketheEnglish.NoahusedAmericanspellingslikecolorinsteadoftheEnglishcolourandmusicinsteadofmusic.HealsoaddedAmericanwordsthatweren'tinEnglishdictionarieslikeskunkandsquash.Hespentover27yearswritinghisdictionary.WhenNoahaccomplished(完成)hisdictionaryin1828,attheageof70,thefirstAmericandictionarycameout.Ithad70，000wordsinit.Noahdidmanythingsinhislife.Heworkedforcopyrightlaws,wrotetextbooks.AmericanizedtheEnglishlanguage,andeditedmagazines.WhenNoahWebsterdiedin1843,hewasconsideredanAmericanhero.NoahWebsterandthe__56__AmericanDictionaryName:NoahWebsterDateofbirth:October16,1758Majorevents：

1778:Aftergraduating,Noahhadtoworkasa__57__becausehisparentscouldn't__58__hisfurthereducation.

1783:CrowdedschoolhouseswithpoorEnglishbooksanduntrainedteachersdidn't__59__Noah.Hewrotethetextbookofhisown.Thetextbookwasso__60__atthattimethatevenBenFranklinusedittoteachhisgranddaughtertoread.

1801：NoahstartedwritingthefirstAmericandictionarybecauseherealizeditwas__61__forallAmericanstospeakinthesameway.Also,hethoughtallAmericansshouldspeakandspellintheir__62__way.

1828:ThefirstAmericandictionarywasn't__63__untilNoahwas70yearsold.It__64__himover27yearstowriteit.

1843:BecauseofhiscontributiontoAmerica,NoahwasconsideredanAmerican__65__whenhedied.【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。本文介紹了美國辭典編纂者，課本編寫作者諾亞·韋伯斯特的人生經(jīng)歷和在教育方面的杰出貢獻。56.First【解析】由文中第五段第一句：WhenNoahwas43,hestartedwritingthefirstAmericandictionary.想到此處填First。【解析】由文中第二段句子：So,inordertomakealiving,NoahtaughtinGlastonbury,HartfordandWestHartford.可知在1778年他做了一名教師。故填teacher。58.afford【解析】由文中第二段句子：Hedesiredtostudylaw,buthisparentsdidn’thavemoremoneytosendhimtoschool.可知，他的父母承擔(dān)不起他更深層次的教育。承擔(dān)用afford。59.satisfy【解析】由文中第三段句子：Noahdidn’tlikeAmericanschool.可知Noah對當(dāng)時美國的教育感到不滿意。此處用動詞satisfy。60.popular【解析】由文中第四段句子：ItwasthemostpopularAmericanbookofitstime.可知，Noah的書在當(dāng)時的美國很受人歡迎。故填popular。61.necessary【解析】分析文中第四段句子：HethoughtthatallAmericansshouldspeakinthesameway可知，他認識到美國人應(yīng)用相同講話方式是必要的。故填necessary。62.own【解析】分析文中第四段句子：HealsothoughtthatAmericansshouldnotspeakandspelljustliketheEnglish.可知，他認為美國人應(yīng)有有別于英國人的自己的講話和拼寫方式。故填own。63.accomplished/finished【解析】由文中第五段句子：WhenNoahaccomplishedhisdictionaryin1828,attheageof70.可知，直到七十歲時，Noah才完成他的字典。故填accomplished/finished。64.took【解析】本句是ittakessb.sometimetodosth.結(jié)構(gòu)。本句是一般過去時態(tài)。故填took。65.hero【解析】根據(jù)文中最后一句：WhenNoahWebsterdiedin1843,hewasconsideredanAmericanhero.可知填hero。【2015南京】B)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞。Supposeyoufindabrightyellowbikeonastreetcornerinthecity.Youhoponitandrideaway.Butwait—isn'tthiss__66__？Nooneshouts,“Stop!Thief！”That'sb__67__thisfreerideisjustfinewiththecity.Youcanfindh__68__offreeyellowbikesinsomeU．S.cities.TheideabeganinPortland,Oregon,in1994.Peoplesawaneedforf__69__transportation,andtheywantedtohelpc__70__pollution.So,togetcitizensoutoftheircarsandontopollution-freebikes,t