A組統(tǒng)一命題·課標(biāo)卷題組Passage1(2018課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ,D)詞數(shù):351Wemaythinkwereaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomething

shinyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices(裝置)wellaftertheygo

outofstyle.Thatsbadnewsfortheenvironment—andourwallets—astheseoutdateddevices

consumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesatthe

RochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproduct

throughoutitslife—fromwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.This

methodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyusehasevolvedsincetheearly1990s.Devices

weregroupedbygeneration.Desktopcomputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-setTVsdefined19

92.Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndMP3players,smartphones,andLCDTVsenteredhomesin2002,beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2007.五年高考Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidntthrowoutouroldones.“Theliving-room

televisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekids

room,andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTVin

everyroomofthehouse,”saidoneresearcher.Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrose

fromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007.Werenotjustkeepingtheseolddevices—wecon-

tinuetousethem.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbittsteam,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTVs

withcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributionto

greenhousegasemissions(排放)morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window.Sowhatsthesolution(解決方案)?Theteamsdataonlywentupto2007,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatserve

morethanonefunction,suchasatabletforwordprocessingandTVviewing.Theyfoundthat

moreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcut

energyconsumptionby44%.1.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices?A.Theyareenvironment-friendly.B.Theyarenobetterthantheold.C.Theycostmoretouseathome.D.Theygooutofstylequickly.2.WhydidBabbittsteamconducttheresearch?A.Toreducethecostofminerals.B.Totestthelifecycleofaproduct.C.Toupdateconsumersonnewtechnology.D.Tofindoutelectricityconsumptionofthedevices.3.Whichofthefollowingusestheleastenergy?A.Thebox-setTV.

B.Thetablet. C.TheLCDTV.

D.Thedesktopcomputer.4.Whatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices?A.Stopusingthem.

B.Takethemapart.C.Upgradethem.

D.Recyclethem.答案[語篇解讀]我們也許認(rèn)為當(dāng)新的科技產(chǎn)品出現(xiàn)時(shí),人們會(huì)將已經(jīng)落后、過時(shí)的東西拋棄,但

研究發(fā)現(xiàn)事實(shí)并非如此。陳舊的產(chǎn)品仍然被使用著,但是使用起來消耗的能源多、污染大,的

確應(yīng)該及時(shí)淘汰。1.A推理判斷題。本題題干意為:作者認(rèn)為新裝置怎么樣?根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知,繼續(xù)使

用過時(shí)的裝置對(duì)環(huán)境和我們的錢包都不是好消息,因?yàn)樗鼈兣c新裝置相比,做相同的事情會(huì)消

耗更多的能源。由此可判斷,作者認(rèn)為新裝置有利于環(huán)保。2.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為:為什么Babbitt的團(tuán)隊(duì)要進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)研究?根據(jù)第二段第一句

可知,為了弄清楚這些設(shè)備消耗多少電量,Babbitt和同事們持續(xù)跟蹤每個(gè)產(chǎn)品在其使用周期內(nèi)

的環(huán)境成本。D項(xiàng)意為“為了查清這些裝置耗費(fèi)的電量?！?與文章內(nèi)容一致。3.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為:以下哪種裝置耗能最少?根據(jù)第一段可知新裝置耗費(fèi)的能

量較少,而第二段則指出與其他幾種裝置相比,tablets(平板電腦)出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間最晚,為最新的科

技產(chǎn)品,而且最后一段指出,tablets具有多種功能,比電視和臺(tái)式電腦消耗的能量少,故B項(xiàng)正確。4.A推理判斷題。本題題干意為:文章建議人們?nèi)绾翁幚黻惻f的電子設(shè)備?最后一段講到了

解決方案,本段指出,研究人員探索了消費(fèi)者用有多種功能的電子產(chǎn)品替換陳舊產(chǎn)品后的結(jié)

果。由最后一句可知,用平板電腦代替電視和臺(tái)式電腦來收看娛樂節(jié)目,會(huì)減少44%的能源消

耗。由此可知文章建議人們不要再使用陳舊的電子設(shè)備,故A項(xiàng)正確。長難句Wemaythinkwereaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightof

somethingshinyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddeviceswellafter

theygooutofstyle.我們也許認(rèn)為,在我們的文化中,一看到閃光的新東西,就會(huì)淘汰陳舊的科

技。但是一項(xiàng)新研究表明,在陳舊裝置早就過時(shí)之后,我們?nèi)栽诶^續(xù)使用它們。but連接兩個(gè)并列的分句,在but前的分句中,think后為賓語從句,在該賓語從句中that引導(dǎo)定語

從句,修飾先行詞culture;在but后的分句中,that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句作shows的賓語,after引導(dǎo)時(shí)間

狀語從句。高級(jí)語塊

1.shinyadj.閃光的;有光澤的2.evolvev.逐漸發(fā)展3.definev.給……下定義;界定4.accumulatev.積聚;積累5.cathoderaytube陰極射線管6.consumptionn.消費(fèi);消耗Passage2(2018課標(biāo)全國Ⅲ,C)詞數(shù):368WhilefamousforeignarchitectsareinvitedtoleadthedesignsoflandmarkbuildingsinChina

suchasthenewCCTVtowerandtheNationalCenterforthePerformingArts,manyexcellent

Chinesearchitectsaremakinggreateffortstotakethecenterstage.Theireffortshavebeenprovenfruitful.WangShu,a49-year-oldChinesearchitect,wonthe2012

PritzkerArchitecturePrize—whichisoftenreferredtoastheNobelPrizeinarchitecture—on

February28.HeisthefirstChinesecitizentowinthisaward.WangservesasheadoftheArchitectureDepartmentattheChinaAcademyofArt(CAA).Hisof-ficeislocatedattheXiangshancampus(校園)oftheuniversityinHangzhou,ZhejiangProvince.Manybuildingsonthecampusarehisoriginalcreations.ThestyleofthecampusisquitedifferentfromthatofmostChineseuniversities.Manyvisitors

wereamazedbythecomplexarchitecturalspaceandabundantbuildingtypes.Thecurves(曲線)of

thebuildingsperfectlymatchtheriseandfallofhills,formingauniqueview.Wangcollectedmorethan7millionabandonedbricksofdifferentages.Heaskedtheworkersto

usetraditionaltechniquestomakethebricksintowalls,roofsandcorridors.Thiscreationattracted

alotofattentionthankstoitsmixtureofmodernandtraditionalChineseelements(元素).Wangsworksshowadeepunderstandingofmodernarchitectureandagoodknowledgeoftradi-

tions.Throughsuchabalance,hehadcreatedanewtypeofChinesearchitecture,saidTadaoAn-

do,thewinnerofthe1995PritzkerPrize.Wangbelievestraditionsshouldnotbesealedinglassboxesatmuseums.“Thatisonlyevidence

thattraditionsonceexisted,”hesaid.“ManyChinesepeoplehaveamisunderstandingoftraditions.Theythinktraditionmeansold

thingsfromthepast.Infact,traditionalsoreferstothethingsthathavebeendevelopingandthatarestillbeingcreated,”hesaid.“Today,manyChinesepeoplearelearningWesternstylesandtheoriesratherthanfocusingon

Chinesetraditions.Manypeopletendtotalkabouttraditionswithoutknowingwhattheyreally

are,”saidWang.Thestudyoftraditionsshouldbecombinedwithpractice.Otherwise,therecreationoftraditions

wouldbeartificialandempty,hesaid.1.WangswinningoftheprizemeansthatChinesearchitectsare

.A.followingthelatestworldtrendB.gettinginternationalrecognitionC.workingharderthaneverbeforeD.relyingonforeignarchitects2.WhatimpressedvisitorstotheCAAXiangshancampusmost?A.Itshillyenvironment.

B.Itslargesize.C.Itsuniquestyle.

D.Itsdiversefunctions.3.WhatmadeWangsarchitecturaldesignasuccess?A.Themixtureofdifferentshapes.B.ThebalanceofEastandWest.C.Theuseofpopulartechniques.D.Theharmonyofoldandnew.4.WhatshouldwedoaboutChinesetraditionsaccordingtoWang?A.Spreadthemtotheworld.B.Preservethematmuseums.C.Teachtheminuniversities.D.Recreatetheminpractice.答案[語篇解讀]本文是一篇記敘文。題材為人物故事類。文章介紹了中國建筑設(shè)計(jì)師王澍將傳

統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代結(jié)合,將中國傳統(tǒng)元素融入自己的建筑設(shè)計(jì)中,榮獲了2012年普利茲克建筑獎(jiǎng)。1.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句(他們的努力已被證明是富有成效的。)和最后一句(他是第一個(gè)獲得這一獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)的中國公民。)可推知,王澍獲獎(jiǎng)意味著中國的建筑設(shè)計(jì)師正在獲得世

界的認(rèn)可,故選B項(xiàng)。2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容,尤其是最后一句(這些建筑物的曲線與山的起伏完美

搭配,形成了獨(dú)特的風(fēng)景。)可知答案為C項(xiàng)。3.D推理判斷題。題干句意:什么使王澍的建筑設(shè)計(jì)獲得了成功?根據(jù)第五段最后一句(由于

現(xiàn)代元素與中國傳統(tǒng)元素的結(jié)合,這一作品吸引了很多關(guān)注。)可知答案為D項(xiàng)。4.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句(對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)該和實(shí)踐相結(jié)合。)可知答案為D項(xiàng)。長難句WangShu,a49-year-oldChinesearchitect,wonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize—

whichisoftenreferredtoastheNobelPrizeinarchitecture—onFebruary28.王澍,一位49歲的中

國建筑設(shè)計(jì)師,在2012年2月28日獲得了普利茲克建筑獎(jiǎng),這一獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)經(jīng)常被稱為“建筑界的諾

貝爾獎(jiǎng)”。句子的主干為WangShuwonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize,句中a49-year-oldChinesear-

chitect為同位語;which引導(dǎo)定語從句,先行詞為PritzkerArchitecturePrize,which在從句中作主語。高級(jí)語塊

1.landmarkbuilding地標(biāo)建筑2.fruitfuladj.富有成效的Passage3(2017課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ,D)詞數(shù):288Whenaleafyplantisunderattack,itdoesntsitquietly.Backin1983,twoscientists,JackSchultz

andIanBaldwin,reportedthatyoungmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutaparticular

smellthatneighboringplantscanget.Thesechemicalscomefromtheinjuredpartsoftheplantand

seemtobeanalarm.Whattheplantspumpthroughtheairisamixtureofchemicalsknownas

volatileorganiccompounds,VOCsforshort.ScientistshavefoundthatallkindsofplantsgiveoutVOCswhenbeingattacked.Itsaplants

wayofcryingout.Butisanyonelistening?Apparently.Becausewecanwatchtheneighborsreact.Someplantspumpoutsmellychemicalstokeepinsectsaway.Butothersdodoubleduty.They

pumpoutperfumesdesignedtoattractdifferentinsectswhoarenaturalenemiestotheattackers.Oncetheyarrive,thetablesareturned.Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecomeslunch.Instudyafterstudy,itappearsthatthesechemicalconversationshelptheneighbors.Thedamageis

usuallymoreseriousonthefirstplant,buttheneighbors,relativelyspeaking,staysaferbecause

theyheardthealarmandknewwhattodo.Doesthismeanthatplantstalktoeachother?Scientistsdontknow.Maybethefirstplantjust

madeacryofpainorwassendingamessagetoitsownbranches,andso,ineffect,wastalkingto

itself.Perhapstheneighborsjusthappenedto“overhear”thecry.Soinformationwasexchanged,

butitwasntatrue,intentionalbackandforth.CharlesDarwin,over150yearsago,imaginedaworldfarbusier,noisierandmoreintimate(親密

的)thantheworldwecanseeandhear.Oursensesareweak.Theresawholelotgoingon.1.Whatdoesaplantdowhenitisunderattack?A.Itmakesnoises.

B.Itgetshelpfromotherplants.C.Itstandsquietly.

D.Itsendsoutcertainchemicals.2.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“thetablesareturned”inparagraph3?A.Theattackersgetattacked.B.Theinsectsgatherunderthetable.C.Theplantsgetreadytofightback.D.Theperfumesattractnaturalenemies.3.Scientistsfindfromtheirstudiesthatplantscan

.A.predictnaturaldisastersB.protectthemselvesagainstinsectsC.talktooneanotherintentionallyD.helptheirneighborswhennecessary4.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Theworldischangingfasterthanever.B.Peoplehavestrongersensesthanbefore.C.Theworldismorecomplexthanitseems.D.PeopleinDarwinstimeweremoreimaginative.答案[語篇解讀]本文為說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),當(dāng)植物受到攻擊時(shí),它們不會(huì)坐以待斃,而是會(huì)釋放出

某種化學(xué)物質(zhì)。這可能是對(duì)其他植物發(fā)出的一種預(yù)警信號(hào),也可能是自我保護(hù)的一種方式。1.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段楓樹的例子可知,當(dāng)其受到攻擊時(shí),受到傷害的部位會(huì)釋放出

被稱為VOCs的化學(xué)物質(zhì),由第二段第一句可知所有的植物受到攻擊時(shí)都會(huì)做出這種反應(yīng),故D

項(xiàng)正確。植物被攻擊時(shí)釋放出的是化學(xué)物質(zhì)而不是噪音,故排除A;釋放出的化學(xué)物質(zhì)是對(duì)其

他植物的預(yù)警,而不是從其他植物那里得到幫助,故排除B;根據(jù)第一段首句可排除C項(xiàng)。2.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段可知,某些植物受到攻擊時(shí),會(huì)釋放出某種香味,將攻擊者的天

敵吸引過來,由此可知當(dāng)它們到來時(shí),攻擊者將會(huì)成為被攻擊者,故A項(xiàng)正確。3.B推理判斷題。由第四段內(nèi)容可知,植物可以保護(hù)自己免受昆蟲傷害。4.C推理判斷題。最后一段提到,150多年前,達(dá)爾文就曾想到這個(gè)世界比我們所看到、聽到

的更加繁忙,更加吵鬧,也更加親密,我們的感官還不夠強(qiáng)大,很多東西都未感知到。由此可推

斷出,這個(gè)世界實(shí)際上更加復(fù)雜,故C項(xiàng)正確。長難句Theypumpoutperfumesdesignedtoattractdifferentinsectswhoarenaturalenemiestotheattackers.它們大量排出用來吸引對(duì)于攻擊者來說是天敵的不同昆蟲的香味。本句為復(fù)合句,句中過去分詞短語designedtoattractdifferentinsects作后置定語,修飾perfumes,

who引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾先行詞insects。高級(jí)語塊

1.leafyadj.多葉的;葉茂的2.volatileadj.易揮發(fā)的3.compoundn.混合物;化合物4.pumpout大量生產(chǎn)(或制造)5.intentionaladj.故意的;蓄意的Passage4(2017課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ,B)詞數(shù):290IworkwithVolunteersforWildlife,arescueandeducationorganizationatBaileyArboretumin

LocustValley.Tryingtohelpinjured,displacedorsickcreaturescanbeheartbreaking;survivalis

nevercertain.However,whenitworks,itissimplybeautiful.IgotarescuecallfromawomaninMuttontown.Shehadfoundayoungowl(貓頭鷹)ontheground.WhenIarrived,Isawa2-to3-week-oldowl.Ithadalreadybeenplacedinacarrierfor

safety.Iexaminedthechick(雛鳥)anditseemedfine.IfIcouldlocatethenest,Imighthavebeenableto

putitback,butnoluck.Mynextworkwastoconstructanestandanchoritinatree.Thehomeownerwasveryhelpful.Awirebasketwasfound.Iputsomepinebranchesintothebas-kettomakethisnestsafeandcomfortable.Iplacedthechickinthenest,anditquicklycalmeddown.Nowallthatwasneededweretheparents,buttheywereabsent.Igavethehomeownerarecording

ofthehungerscreamsofowlchicks.Theseadvertisethepresenceofchickstoadults;theymight

alsoencourageourchicktostartcallingaswell.Igavetheownerasmuchinformationaspossible

andheadedhometoseewhatnewsthenightmightbring.Anervousnighttobesure,butsometimesthespiritsofnaturesmileonusall!Thehomeowner

calledtosaythattheparentshadrespondedtotherecordings.Idroveoverandsawthechickinthe

nestlookinghealthyandactive.Anditwasaccompaniedinthenestbythegreatestsightofall—LUNCH!Theparentshaddonetheirdutyandwouldprobablycontinuetodoso.1.Whatisunavoidableintheauthorsrescueworkaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Effortsmadeinvain.B.Gettinginjuredinhiswork.C.Feelinguncertainabouthisfuture.D.Creaturesforcedoutoftheirhomes.2.WhywastheauthorcalledtoMuttontown?A.Torescueawoman.

B.Totakecareofawoman.C.Tolookatababyowl.

D.Tocureayoungowl.3.Whatmadethechickcalmdown?A.Anewnest.

B.Somefood.C.Arecording.

D.Itsparents.4.Howwouldtheauthorfeelabouttheoutcomeoftheevent?A.Itsunexpected.

B.Itsbeautiful.C.Itshumorous.

D.Itsdiscouraging.答案[語篇解讀]

本文是一篇記敘文。作者在一個(gè)保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物的志愿者組織工作,這份工作既

有艱辛痛苦也有拯救生命帶來的幸福。請(qǐng)看作者是怎么救助一只貓頭鷹雛鳥的吧!1.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“canbeheartbreaking;survivalisnevercertain”可知,拯

救野生動(dòng)物的工作有時(shí)令人心碎,因?yàn)閯?dòng)物不一定能活下來,也就是說可能會(huì)徒勞無功,由此可

知答案為A項(xiàng)。2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Shehadfoundayoungowlontheground.”和第三段中

的“Iexaminedthechickanditseemedfine.”可知,作者接到一個(gè)居住在Muttontown的婦女的

電話,于是趕過來看看這只雛鳥的情況,由此可知答案為C項(xiàng)。3.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的描述可知作者給這只雛鳥制作了一個(gè)安全舒適的新巢,把

它放進(jìn)去后,很快它就安靜了下來。由此可知答案為A項(xiàng)。4.B推理判斷題。由最后一段的描述可知,作者回到家,焦急地等待結(jié)果,結(jié)果是雛鳥的父母

被雛鳥發(fā)出的聲音吸引了過來,并開始照料它了。它存活下來了。結(jié)合第一段中的whenitworks,itissimplybeautiful可知答案為B項(xiàng)。高級(jí)語塊

1.heartbreakingadj.令人心碎的2.survivaln.存活,生存3.constructvt.建造;構(gòu)筑4.calmdown平靜下來5.respondto對(duì)……做出反應(yīng)Passage5(2017課標(biāo)全國Ⅲ,B)詞數(shù):274MinutesafterthelastmovieendedyesterdayatthePlazaTheater,employeeswerebusysweeping

uppopcornsandgatheringcokecups.Itwasascenethathadbeenrepeatedmanytimesinthethe-

aters75-yearhistory.Thistime,however,thecleanupwasalittledifferent.Asonegroupof

workerscarriedouttherubbish,anothergroupbeganremovingseatsandothertheaterequipment

inpreparationforthebuildingsend.ThefilmclassicThe

Last

Picture

Showwasthelastmovieshownintheoldtheater.Thoughthemovieis30yearsold,mostofthe250seatswerefilledwithteary-eyedaudiencewantingtosay

good-byetotheoldbuilding.TheaterownerEdBradfordsaidhechosethemoviebecauseit

seemedappropriate.Themovieissetinasmalltownwheretheonlymovietheaterispreparingto

closedown.BradfordsaidthatlargemoderntheatersinthecitymadeitimpossibleforthePlazatocompete.

Headdedthatthetheaterslocation(位置)wasalsoareason.“Thisusedtobethecenterof

town,”hesaid.“Nowtheareaismostlyofficebuildingsandwarehouses.”Lastweeksomecityofficialssuggestedthecitymightbeinterestedinturningtheoldtheaterintoa

museumandpublicmeetingplace.However,theseplanswereabandonedbecauseoffinancial

problems.Bradfordsoldthebuildingandlandtoalocaldevelopmentfirm,whichplanstobuilda

shoppingcomplexonthelandwherethetheaterislocated.Thetheateraudiencesaidgood-byeasBradfordlockedthedoorsforthelasttime.After75years

thePlazaTheaterhadshownitslastmovie.Thetheaterwillbemissed.1.InwhatwaywasyesterdayscleanupatthePlazaspecial?A.Itmaderoomfornewequipment.B.Itsignaledtheclosedownofthetheater.C.Itwasdonewiththehelpoftheaudience.D.Itmarkedthe75thanniversaryofthetheater.2.WhywasThe

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Showputon?A.Itwasanall-timeclassic.B.Itwasaboutthehistoryofthetown.C.Theaudiencerequestedit.D.Thetheaterownerfounditsuitable.3.Whatwillprobablyhappentothebuilding?A.Itwillberepaired.B.Itwillbeturnedintoamuseum.C.Itwillbeknockeddown.D.Itwillbesoldtothecitygovernment.4.Whatcanweinferabouttheaudience?A.TheyaredisappointedwithBradford.B.Theyaresadtopartwiththeoldtheater.C.Theyaresupportiveofthecityofficials.D.Theyareeagertohaveashoppingcenter.答案[語篇解讀]本文是一篇記敘文。經(jīng)營了75年的一家影院在放映完最后一場電影后關(guān)門了,

觀眾們眼含熱淚依依不舍。老板為什么做出這個(gè)決定呢?1.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“anothergroupbeganremovingseatsandothertheatere-

quipmentinpreparationforthebuildingsend”可知,答案為B項(xiàng)。2.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“TheaterownerEdBradfordsaidhechosethemoviebe-

causeitseemedappropriate.”可知,答案為D項(xiàng)。3.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“whichplanstobuildashoppingcomplexontheland”可

知,買家打算在這里修建一棟綜合購物大樓,由此推斷出不久之后這家影院就要被拆毀了,所以答案為C項(xiàng)。4.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“mostofthe250seatswerefilledwithteary-eyedaudi-

encewantingtosaygood-byetotheoldbuilding”可推斷出,與這家老影院分離,觀眾非常傷心

難過,所以答案為B項(xiàng)。長難句Bradfordsoldthebuildingandlandtoalocaldevelopmentfirm,whichplanstobuilda

shoppingcomplexonthelandwherethetheaterislocated.Bradford把這棟樓和這塊地賣給了當(dāng)

地的一個(gè)開發(fā)公司,這家公司計(jì)劃在這家劇院所處的這塊土地上建一棟綜合購物大樓。本句為復(fù)合句。逗號(hào)后是which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句,修飾先行詞firm,在這個(gè)定語從句中

還有一個(gè)由關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)的定語從句,修飾先行詞land。高級(jí)語塊

1.inpreparationfor為……做準(zhǔn)備2.classicn.經(jīng)典作品3.appropriateadj.合適的;恰當(dāng)?shù)?.besetin以……為背景5.warehousen.倉庫;貨棧6.abandonvt.拋棄;遺棄7.financialadj.財(cái)政的Passage6(2017課標(biāo)全國Ⅲ,C)詞數(shù):291Afteryearsofheateddebate,graywolveswerereintroducedtoYellowstoneNationalPark.Four-

teenwolveswerecaughtinCanadaandtransportedtothepark.Bylastyear,theYellowstonewolf

populationhadgrowntomorethan170wolves.GraywolvesoncewereseenhereandthereintheYellowstoneareaandmuchofthecontinental

UnitedStates,buttheyweregraduallydisplacedbyhumandevelopment.Bythe1920s,wolveshad

practicallydisappearedfromtheYellowstonearea.Theywentfarthernorthintothedeepforests

ofCanada,wheretherewerefewerhumansaround.Thedisappearanceofthewolveshadmanyunexpectedresults.Deerandelkpopulations—major

foodsources(來源)forthewolf—grewrapidly.Theseanimalsconsumedlargeamountsofvegeta-

tion(植被),whichreducedplantdiversityinthepark.Intheabsenceofwolves,coyotepopulationsalsogrewquickly.Thecoyoteskilledalargepercentageoftheparksredfoxes,andcompletely

droveawaytheparksbeavers.Asearlyas1966,biologistsaskedthegovernmenttoconsiderreintroducingwolvestoYellow-

stonePark.Theyhopedthatwolveswouldbeabletocontroltheelkandcoyoteproblems.Many

farmersopposedtheplanbecausetheyfearedthatwolveswouldkilltheirfarmanimalsorpets.Thegovernmentspentnearly30yearscomingupwithaplantoreintroducethewolves.TheU.S.

FishandWildlifeServicecarefullymonitorsandmanagesthewolfpacksinYellowstone.Today,

thedebatecontinuesoverhowwellthegraywolfisfittinginatYellowstone.Elk,deer,andcoyote

populationsaredown,whilebeaversandredfoxeshavemadeacomeback.TheYellowstonewolf

projecthasbeenavaluableexperimenttohelpbiologistsdecidewhethertoreintroducewolvesto

otherpartsofthecountryaswell.1.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.WildliferesearchintheUnitedStates.B.PlantdiversityintheYellowstonearea.C.Theconflictbetweenfarmersandgraywolves.D.ThereintroductionofwolvestoYellowstonePark.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“displaced”inparagraph2mean?A.Tested.

B.Separated.C.Forcedout.

D.Trackeddown.3.Whatdidthedisappearanceofgraywolvesbringabout?A.Damagetolocalecology.B.Adeclineintheparksincome.C.Preservationofvegetation.D.Anincreaseinthevarietyofanimals.4.WhatistheauthorsattitudetowardstheYellowstonewolfproject?A.Doubtful.

B.Positive.C.Disapproving.

D.Uncaring.答案[語篇解讀]本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是,經(jīng)過多年的激烈爭論之后,灰狼又回到了黃

石國家公園。1.D主旨大意題。文章第一段第一句為文章的主題句,文章圍繞其展開,講述的就是黃石國

家公園再次引入灰狼這件事,故答案選D。2.C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段第一句和第二句可知,答案選C。灰狼曾經(jīng)在黃石地區(qū)隨處可

見,可后來由于人類的發(fā)展,該種群被漸漸驅(qū)離這里。3.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段可以推斷灰狼的消失對(duì)生態(tài)造成了破壞。4.B推理判斷題。由文章最后一段最后一句話中的avaluableexperiment可知,作者覺得這個(gè)

項(xiàng)目很有價(jià)值,說明作者的態(tài)度是積極的。高級(jí)語塊

1.consumev.消耗;吃2.opposev.反對(duì)3.reintroducev.重新引入Passage7(2016課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ,D)

詞數(shù):293AnewcollectionofphotosbringsanunsuccessfulAntarcticvoyagebacktolife.FrankHurleyspictureswouldbeoutstanding—undoubtedlyfirst-ratephoto-journalism—ifthey

hadbeenmadelastweek.Infact,theywereshotfrom1914through1916,mostofthemaftera

disastrousshipwreck(海難),byacameramanwhohadnoreasonableexpectationofsurvival.Many

oftheimageswerestoredinanicechest,underfreezingwater,inthedamagedwoodenship.TheshipwastheEndurance,asmall,tight,Norwegian-builtthree-masterthatwasintendedtotake

SirErnestShackletonandasmallcrewofseamenandscientists,27meninall,tothesouthern-

mostshoreofAntarcticasWeddellSea.FromthatpointShackletonwantedtoforceapassageby

dogsled(雪橇)acrossthecontinent.ThejourneywasintendedtoachievemorethanwhatCaptain

RobertFalconScotthaddone.CaptainScotthadreachedtheSouthPoleearlyin1912buthaddied

withhisfourcompanionsonthemarchback.AswriterCarolineAlexandermakesclearinherforcefulandwell-researchedstoryThe

En-

durance,adventuringwaseventhenathoroughlycommercialeffort.Scottslastjourney,complet-

edashelayinatentdyingofcoldandhunger,caughttheworldsimagination,andafilmmadeinhishonordrewcrowds.Shackleton,aonetimeBritishmerchant-navyofficerwhohadgottowith-

in100milesoftheSouthPolein1908,startedabusinessbeforehis1914voyagetomakemoney

frommovieandstillphotography.FrankHurley,aconfidentandgiftedAustralianphotographer

whoknewtheAntarctic,washiredtomaketheimages,mostofwhichhaveneverbeforebeenpub-

lished.1.WhatdoweknowaboutthephotostakenbyHurley?A.Theyweremadelastweek.B.Theyshowedunderseasceneries.C.Theywerefoundbyacameraman.D.Theyrecordedadisastrousadventure.2.WhoreachedtheSouthPolefirstaccordingtothetext?A.FrankHurley.B.ErnestShackleton.C.RobertFalconScott.D.CarolineAlexander.3.WhatdoesAlexanderthinkwasthepurposeofthe1914voyage?A.Artisticcreation.B.Scientificresearch.C.Moneymaking.D.Treasurehunting.答案[語篇解讀]本文是一篇說明文。文章通過FrankHurley的照片講述了那次航行的背景。1.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句可知,FrankHurley的照片拍攝于1914年到1916年,大多數(shù)是在經(jīng)歷海難后,在沒有生存的希望的情況下拍攝的,由此可判斷它們記錄了一次海難。2.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的Thejourneywasintendedtoachievemorethanwhat

CaptainRobertFalconScotthaddone.以及下句可知,1912年RobertFalconScott到達(dá)了南極,而

Endurance航行的目的是超越他,但是遭遇了海難,由此可判斷RobertFalconScott到達(dá)南極的

時(shí)間更早。3.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段第一句中的athoroughlycommercialeffort可知,Alexander

認(rèn)為那時(shí)的冒險(xiǎn)完全是一種商業(yè)行為,也就是為了賺錢,因此可判斷選C項(xiàng)。長難句

Shackleton,aonetimeBritishmerchant-navyofficerwhohadgottowithin100milesoftheSouthPolein1908,startedabusinessbeforehis1914voyagetomakemoneyfrommovieand

stillphotography.Shackleton是一個(gè)原先的英國商船隊(duì)軍官,在1908年到達(dá)過南極100英里內(nèi),并

且他在1914年航行前開辦了一個(gè)公司來從電影和劇照攝影中賺錢。本句為復(fù)合句。句中aonetimeBritishmerchant-navyofficer與Shackleton為同位語,同時(shí)作定語

從句whohadgottowithin100milesoftheSouthPolein1908的先行詞。高級(jí)語塊

1.bring...backtolife使復(fù)活;使蘇醒;使恢復(fù)活力2.inoneshonor為紀(jì)念……;向……表示敬意Passage8(2016課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ,A)

詞數(shù):293YouprobablyknowwhoMarieCuriewas,butyoumaynothaveheardofRachelCarson.Ofthe

outstandingladieslistedbelow,whodoyouthinkwasthemostimportantwomanofthepast100

years?JaneAddams(1860—1935)AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.Addamshelpedthepoorandworkedforpeace.Sheencouragedasenseofcommunity(社區(qū))bycreatingshelters

andpromotingeducationandservicesforpeopleinneed.In1931,AddamsbecamethefirstAmer-

icanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.RachelCarson(1907—1964)IfitwerentforRachelCarson,theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday.Herpopular1

962bookSilent

Springraisedawarenessofthedangersofpollutionandtheharmfuleffectsof

chemicalsonhumansandontheworldslakesandoceans.SandraDayOConnor(1930—present)WhenSandraDayOConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool,in1952,shecould

notfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman.ShebecameanArizonastatesenator(參議

員)and,in1981,thefirstwomantojointheU.S.SupremeCourt.OConnorgavethedecidingvote

inmanyimportantcasesduringher24yearsonthetopcourt.RosaParks(1913—2005)OnDecember1,1955,inMontgomery,Alabama,RosaParkswouldnotgiveupherseatonabustoawhitepassenger.HersimpleactlandedParksinprison.ButitalsosetofftheMontgomerybus

boycott.Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement.“Theonlytired

Iwas,wastiredofgivingin,”saidParks.1.WhatisJaneAddamsnotedforinhistory?A.Hersocialwork.

B.Herteachingskills.C.Hereffortstowinaprize.

D.Hercommunitybackground.2.WhatwasthereasonforOConnorsbeingrejectedbythelawfirm?A.Herlackofpropertraininginlaw.B.Herlittleworkexperienceincourt.C.Thediscriminationagainstwomen.D.Thepoorfinancialconditions.3.Whomadeagreatcontributiontothecivil-rightsmovementintheU.S.?A.JaneAddams.

B.RachelCarson.C.SandraDayOConnor.

D.RosaParks.4.Whatcanweinferaboutthewomenmentionedinthetext?A.Theyarehighlyeducated.

B.Theyaretrulycreative.C.Theyarepioneers.

D.Theyarepeace-lovers.答案[語篇解讀]

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了100年以來歷史上四位在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域做出杰

出貢獻(xiàn)的偉大女性。1.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句和第二句可知JaneAddams幫助窮人,為和平而努

力,做出了很大的貢獻(xiàn),因此判斷選A項(xiàng)。B項(xiàng)“她的教學(xué)技能”。C項(xiàng)“她得獎(jiǎng)的努力”。D

項(xiàng)“她的社區(qū)背景”。這三項(xiàng)文中均未提及。2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段第一句可知:SandraDayOConnor1952年在斯坦福法學(xué)

院畢業(yè)之后,因?yàn)槭且晃慌慷荒茉诼蓭熓聞?wù)所找到工作,由此可判斷當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)對(duì)婦女的歧

視,故選C項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng),根據(jù)文中信息“她從法學(xué)院畢業(yè)”可知她不缺乏法律的培訓(xùn)。B項(xiàng),她法庭

經(jīng)驗(yàn)的缺乏不是找不到工作的理由,原因是她是婦女。D項(xiàng),貧窮的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況,文中未提及。

discriminationn.歧視。3.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段第四句中的kickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement可判斷

RosaParks為民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)做出了貢獻(xiàn),故選D項(xiàng)。其他三項(xiàng)均和民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)無關(guān)。4.C推