陜西省西安高中2021屆高三英語上學(xué)期期中試題（含解析）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Howlongisthegirl’sfather’sbusinesstrip?A.Fiveweeks.B.Threeweeks.C.Twoweeks.2.Whereisthemangoingnext?A.Tohisdormitory.B.Tothelibrary.C.Totheclassroom.3.Whatruinedthepicnic?A.Thebadfood.B.Theroughroad.C.Theterribleweather.4.WhyisTomgoingtoLondonnextmonth?A.Towork.B.Tovisit.C.Tostudy.5.Whomdidthemanforgettocalllastnight?A.Kate.B.Daniel.C.Jack.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whoisthewomangoingtoseethemoviewith?A.Herdaughter.B.Herhusband.C.Herfriend.7.Whatkindofmovieisthewomangoingtosee?A.Athriller.B.Acomedy.C.Amusical.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Forwhichconcertdoesthemanintendtobuytickets?A.TheChinesemusicconcert.B.TheJapanesemusicconcert.C.TheIndianmusicconcert.9.Howdidthemanhearaboutthemusicconcert?A.Fromawebsite.B.Fromtelevision.C.Fromtheradio.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatiswrongwiththeman?A.Heisinlowspirits.B.Hehasaphysicaldisease.C.Hislifeisatotalmess.11Whatcausedtheman’sproblem?A.Thepressureofwork.B.Theoveruseofdrugs.C.Mentalillness.12.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Movetoanothercity.B.Startexercising.C.Changehisdiet.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhatdoesthemansayaboutTradeMe?A.Itsellssomerarerecords.B.HeoftenbuysbooksandCDsonit.C.Hecanbuygoodsfromotherusersonit.14.WhatdidthemanbuyforhismotherasaChristmaspresent?A.Agolfbag.B.Acoat.C.Asofa.15.Whatisthemanconcernedaboutintheend?A.Whenthesofawillarrive.B.Howthesofawillbedelivered.C.Howmuchthedeliverywillcost.16.Whatdoesthemanthinkaboutonlineshopping?A.Thedeliveryisabittooslow.B.Returninggoodsisdifficult.C.Itisquiteconvenient.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthemaintopicofthetalk?A.LivingconditionsinMassachusettsinthe1800s.B.Thedifferencebetweenraisingsheepandcattle.C.RaisinganimalsonearlyAmericanfarms.18.FromwheredidtheAmericansettlersinthe1800sgettheircattleandsheep?A.Africa.B.Asia.C.Europe.19.Whatactivitydidthesettlersconsidertheleastimportantintheearly1800s?A.Plantingcrops.B.Caringforanimals.C.Buildinghouses.20.Howdidfarmersinthe19thcenturydealwithmostfarmproducts?A.Theyusedthemthemselves.B.Theysoldthemtopeopleincities.C.Theygavethemtootherpeople.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A●WestTownTheChicagoPublicLibrary(CPL)encourageslifelonglearningbywelcomingallpeopleandofferingequalaccesstoinformation,entertainmentandknowledgethroughmaterials,programsandevents.Eachyear,ChicagoPublicLibraryrecommendstheBestoftheBest,CPL’sselectionsoftheverybestbookspublishedthatyear.●HoursMonday:10:00AM–6:00PMTuesday:12:00PM–8:00PMWednesday:10:00AM–6:00PMThursday:12:00PM–8:00PMFriday:9:00AM–5:00PMSaturday:9:00AM–5:00PMSunday:Closed●Holidays&ClosuresAllStaffInstituteDay:Thursday,April30,2020ClosedAllDayMemorialDay:Monday,May25,2020ClosedAllDayIndependenceDay:Saturday,July4,2020ClosedAllDayLaborDay:Monday,September7,2020ClosedAllDayThanksgiving:Thursday,November26,2020ClosedAllDayChristmas:Friday,December25,2020ClosedAllDay●Address&Contact1625W.ChicagoAvenueChicagoIL60622Phone:(312)743-0450Email:westtown@●GetaLibraryCardGettingalibrarycardiseasy–andit’sfree!PleasevisitanyCPLlocationtofilloutanapplication.Current,validIDwithname,photoandChicagoaddressisrequired.●FacilitiesBikerack;Computers;Meetingroom;Parkinglot;Scanner;WiFi●NewatWestTownFirewatchingbyRussThomasTheBigLiebyJamesGrippandoDeathbyChocolateFrostedDoughnutbySarahGravesTheGirlinWhiteGlovesbyKerriMaher●UpcomingEventsatWestTownDesignChallengeDayDescription:Areyouupforachallenge?Welcometodropinandtacklesomedesignchallengesusingsuppliesprovidedbythelibrary.Prizeswillbeawardedformostcreative.Suitablefor:KidsandTeensTime:Monday,July20,20205:00pm-6:00pmFilmScreening:TheZookeeper’sWife(2017)Description:JointheWestTownbranchforascreeningofTheZookeeper’sWife.AmarriedcouplewhoworkaszoocaretakershelpsaveJewsfromtheHolocaust.Suitablefor:AdultsandTeensTime:Tuesday,March31,20205:30pm–7:30pm1.WhencanpeoplegotoChicagoPublicLibrary?A.11:00am,April29,2020 B.2:00pm,May25,2020C.9:00am,July5,2020 D.6:00pm,Nov26,20202.WhatdoweknowaboutDesignChallengeDay?A.Theactivitywilllastfor2hours.B.Theactivitywillofferprizes.C.Theactivityismainlyopentoadults.D.ParticipantscanwatchTheZookeeper’sWifeforfree.3.Whatdoweknowfromthetext?A.Peoplecanstillreturnbookswhenthelibrarycloses.B.Thelibrarydoesn’thaveaparkinglotforreaders.C.TheBigLieisoneoftherecommendedbooksthisyear.D.Thelibraryholdsmoreactivitiesforkidsthanforadults.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了芝加哥圖書館一些基本信息和活動。【1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“MemorialDay:Monday,May25,2020ClosedAllDay（陣亡將士紀(jì)念日：2020年5月25日星期一全天閉館）可知，2020年5月25日不能去圖書館；根據(jù)“IndependenceDay:Saturday,July4,2020ClosedAllDay（獨(dú)立日：2020年7月4日星期六全天關(guān)閉）”和●Hours中Sunday:Closed（芝加哥圖書館周日閉館）可知，2020年7月5周日芝加哥圖書館閉館，不能去圖書館；根據(jù)“Thanksgiving:Thursday,November26,2020ClosedAllDay（感恩節(jié)：2020年11月26日星期四全天閉館）”可知，2020年11月26日不能去圖書館看書；根據(jù)“AllStaffInstituteDay:Thursday,April30,2020ClosedAllDay（AllStaffInstitute日:2020年4月30日星期四全天休息）可知，2020年4月29日是周三，圖書館開放，再結(jié)合“Wednesday:10:00AM–6:00PM”可知，周三圖書館開放時(shí)間是上午10點(diǎn)到下午6點(diǎn)，所以2020年4月29日11點(diǎn)可以去芝加哥圖書管看書。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)DesignChallengeDay中“Prizeswillbeawardedformostcreative.（最有創(chuàng)造力的人將獲得獎(jiǎng)品。）”可知，DesignChallengeDay活動會提供獎(jiǎng)品。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)常識判斷，選項(xiàng)APeoplecanstillreturnbookswhenthelibrarycloses.（當(dāng)圖書館關(guān)門時(shí)，人們?nèi)匀豢梢赃€書。）錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)●Facilities中“Bikerack;Computers;Meetingroom;Parkinglot;Scanner;WiFi”可知，圖書館提供自行車架；電腦；會議室；停車場；掃描儀；WiFi，所以選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)●NewatWestTown中“TheBigLiebyJamesGrippando”可知，TheBigLie圖書館今年推薦的新書之一，所以選項(xiàng)C正確；根據(jù)最后一部分“Suitablefor:KidsandTeens”和“Suitablefor:AdultsandTeens”可知，圖書館適合青少年的活動比成人活動多，所以選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤。故選C。BWhenCentralBucksSouthbecameoneofthefirstPhiladelphia-areahighschoolstocloseduetofearofnovelcoronavirusexposureinearlyMarch,16-year-oldsophomoreAndrewChenknewthatthingswerenotgoingtoreturntonormalasquicklyassomeofhispeershoped.Butstill,thechangefromseeinghisfriendsontheswimteamduringdailypracticestolearningaloneathomewasjarring.“IonlyhavethreeyearshereatSouth,anditpainsmetoseeoneofthembeingwasted,”Chensaid.Thecoronavirushasupendedeveryone’slives,butforstudents,thedisruptionfeelsparticularlyacute.Schoolsclosedandgraduationceremonieswerecanceled.Summerplans,likecampsandinternships,areupintheair.Butrightnow,manystudentsaretryingtostayconnected,strugglingwithmisinformation,andfiguringoutthebestwaystheycanhelpthroughonlinemethod.ForJoshHarycki,17,aseniorstudentattheShipleySchoolinPhiladelphia,thebestwaytocontributewastocreatea“socialdistancingpledge”foryoungpeople.“Isawalotofyoungergenerationsnotpayingattention,”hesaid.“Theywerestillgoingout,hangingoutwithpeople.Ithoughtthattherehadtobeawaytoreachyoungerfolks,whowereprobablynotwatchingthenews.”Haryckilaunchedacalltoactiononsocialmediaandthenbuiltawebsitewithamapthattrackedthelocationsofpeoplewho’dsignedthepledge.ThesitealsoshareslinkstoaccuratesourcesofinformationliketheUSCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention.Haryckiknowsthathispeersareworriedtheycan’tconnectwiththeirfriendsinthesameway,sohecreatedthesocialdistancingpledgetostressthatwhileeveryonemightbephysicallydistant,they’restillconnected.“Partofwhatwe’rehighlightingisthatyoumightfeellikeyou’retheonlyonetakingthisseriously,butourmapshowsthatyou’renotalone,”hesaid.4.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“upintheair”inParagraph3probablymean?A.unnatural B.uncertain C.unnecessary D.unreasonable5.WhydoestheauthordescribeAndrewChen’sexperienceinthetext?A.Toshowhowthecoronavirusaffectedstudents’lives.B.Toexplainwhatworriedstudentsmostwhenschoolsclosed.C.Toillustratetheappropriatereactiontotheclosureofschool.D.Topresentthedifferentviewsofstudentstowardthecoronavirus.6.WhodoesHaryckimainlywanttoreachoutto?A.Friendswhoareworriedandbored.B.Folkstakingthecoronavirusseriously.C.Youngergenerationstryingtocontributetosociety.D.Youngpeoplewhoarenotawareofthesituation.7.What’sHarycki’spurposeincreatingthe“socialdistancingpledge”?A.Totrackthosepeopleinfectedwiththecoronavirus.B.Toconvinceyoungpeopletostayathome.CToinformyoungfolksoflatestnewsaboutthecoronavirus.D.Toshowyoungpeopletheyshouldn’tbeconcernedaboutthecoronavirus.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.B【解析】本文是記敘文。文章主要講述在新冠病毒期間，學(xué)生在家自學(xué)，學(xué)生Harycki建立網(wǎng)站努力保持學(xué)生們相互聯(lián)系，消除同齡人擔(dān)心他們不能與朋友聯(lián)系的擔(dān)憂，向同齡人傳遞雖然每個(gè)人可能在身體距離上是遙遠(yuǎn)的，但他們?nèi)匀皇锹?lián)系在一起的?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線短語前一句“Schoolsclosedandgraduationceremonieswerecanceled.”可知，因?yàn)閷W(xué)校關(guān)閉，畢業(yè)典禮也被取消。由此可推知，劃線短語所在句表示，夏令營和實(shí)習(xí)之類暑期計(jì)劃都懸而未決。所以劃線短語“upintheair”的意思是不確定的，和uncertain“不確定的”意思相近。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“16-year-oldsophomoreAndrewChenknewthatthingswerenotgoingtoreturntonormalasquicklyassomeofhispeershoped.(16歲的大二學(xué)生安德魯·陳知道事情不會像一些同齡人所希望的那樣迅速恢復(fù)正常。)”和第二段的“IonlyhavethreeyearshereatSouth,anditpainsmetoseeoneofthembeingwasted,”Chensaid.(陳說：“我在南方只有三年的時(shí)間，其中一年被浪費(fèi)讓我很痛苦。)結(jié)合下文“Thecoronavirushaschangedeveryone’slives,butforstudents,thedisruptionfeelsparticularlyserious.(冠狀病毒改變了每個(gè)人的生活，但對學(xué)生來說，這種破壞感覺特別嚴(yán)重。)”可推斷，作者描述安德魯陳的經(jīng)歷是為了說明冠狀病毒如何影響學(xué)生的生活。故選A。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段的“Ithoughtthattherehadtobeawaytoreachyoungerfolks,whowereprobablynotwatchingthenews.(我想應(yīng)該有辦法聯(lián)系到年輕人，他們可能不看新聞。)”可知，Harycki想要聯(lián)系沒有意識到這種情況的年輕人。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Haryckiknowsthathispeersareworriedtheycan'tconnectwiththeirfriendsinthesameway,sohecreatedthesocialdistancingpledgetostressthatwhileeveryonemightbephysicallydistant,they'restillconnected.”可知，Harycki知道他的同齡人擔(dān)心他們不能以同樣的方式與朋友聯(lián)系，所以他創(chuàng)建了“socialdistancingpledge”來強(qiáng)調(diào)雖然每個(gè)人可能在物理距離上都很遙遠(yuǎn)，但他們?nèi)匀槐３致?lián)系。由此可知，Harycki創(chuàng)建“socialdistancingpledge”的目的是說服年輕人待在家里，即使他們和朋友不在一起，也是有聯(lián)系的。故選B。CInstagramisabouttotakeitsbiggeststeptowardremovinglikesfromitsplatform.Aftermonthsoftestinganoptiontohidelikesinselectinternationalmarkets,Instagram,whichisownedbyFacebook(FB),hasalreadybeentestinghidinglikesinsevenothercountries,includingCanada,IrelandandAustralia.Foryears,likeshavebeencentraltohowcelebrities,brands,politiciansandeverydayusersexperienceInstagramandFacebook.It’sawayofmeasuringpopularityandsuccess.Butinrecentmonths,Instagramhasbeenrethinkinghowlikescontributetomakingitsplatformmoretoxic.Nowit’sconsideringachange.Thetotalnumberoflikesonposts–whichappearasheartsontheapp–willdisappearfromInstagram’smainfeed,profilepagesandpermalinkpages.Theowneroftheaccountcanstillseetheirownlikes,buttheirfollowerswon’tknowthecount.CNNBusinesspreviouslyspokewithusersincountrieswiththetest.Themajorityfeltthismovewouldimprovewell-beingontheapp.Instagramisthemostdetrimentalsocialnetworkingappforyoungpeople’smentalhealth,suchasnegativelyimpactingbodyimage,accordingtoonestudy.Butotherusersandpsychologistssaidhidinglikeswon’tfixeverything.Thetestdoesn’taddresssomeofthekeywaysthatactivityonInstagramcanimpactthewell-beingofusers,includingbullying,feelingleftoutandthinkingotherpeople’slivesarebetterthantheirown.ReneeEngeln,apsychologyprofessoratNorthwesternUniversity,voicedhisopinionthatthebiggestimpactofInstagramisthecontentandtheexposuretothisconstantstreamofperfectedimagesiswhatseemstohurtpsychologically.Plus,userscanstillseetheirownlikes–andfeelbadlyiftheirpostsdon’tperformwell.8.HowdousersusuallyexperienceInstagramforyears?A.Byselectingplatforms. B.Byshowingofftalents.C.Byhidinglikes. D.Bygivinglikes.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“detrimental”inParagraph3mean?A.profitable B.popular C.harmful D.positive10.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Instagramhasaffectedyoungsters’mentalhealth.B.Theaccountownerswon’tknowthecounto￡likes.C.Instagramtestedhidinglikesinsevencountriesfirst.D.ThemajoritythinkInstagramhasbeenawell-beingapp.11.Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.InstagramMisusesLikesB.MorePeopleAreAgainstLikesC.LikesCauseMentalProblemsD.LikeswillBeHiddenonInstagram【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.D【解析】本文為說明文。Instagram即將邁出最大的一步，從它的平臺上移除“點(diǎn)贊”。因?yàn)椤包c(diǎn)贊”讓平臺變得更“有毒”的，幾個(gè)月來Instagram一直嘗試在一些國際市場隱藏“點(diǎn)贊”功能?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Foryears,likeshavebeencentraltohowcelebrities,brands,politiciansandeverydayusersexperienceInstagramandFacebook.”多年來，“點(diǎn)贊”一直是名人、品牌商、政客和普通用戶體驗(yàn)Instagram和Facebook的核心。由此可知，體驗(yàn)Instagram是通過點(diǎn)贊的形式，故選D。【9題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“Themajorityfeltthismovewouldimprovewell-beingontheapp.”可知，大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為移除點(diǎn)贊可以改善在這個(gè)應(yīng)用上的舒適度。劃線單詞所在句子“Instagramisthemostdetrimentalsocialnetworkingappforyoungpeople’smentalhealth,suchasnegativelyimpactingbodyimage,accordingtoonestudy.”可知，Instagram對年輕人的心理健康最有影響的一種社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用，比如能消極地影響一個(gè)人的身體形象，結(jié)合兩句話可知，Instagram目前是有消極影響，能讓用戶產(chǎn)生不舒適感的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)，detrimental是來形容Instagram的特點(diǎn)的，應(yīng)該是消極方面的詞義，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，只有選項(xiàng)C“有害的”，符合文意，故選C。

【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Instagramisthemostdetrimentalsocialnetworkingappforyoungpeople’smentalhealth,suchasnegativelyimpactingbodyimage,accordingtoonestudy.”可知，根據(jù)研究表明，Instagram是對年輕人的心理健康最有害的一種社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用，比如對身體形象產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。由此可推斷出Instagram影響了青少年的心理健康。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。本文第一段敘述了Instagram即將邁出最大的一步，從它的平臺上移除“點(diǎn)贊”。幾個(gè)月來Instagram一直在嘗試在一些國際市場隱藏“點(diǎn)贊”功能。接著下文具體分析了“點(diǎn)贊”造成的不好的影響，所以要在Instagram隱藏“點(diǎn)贊”功能。因此D項(xiàng)是最佳題目。故選D。DAblackholeiscreatedwhenalargestarburnsout.Likeoursun,starsareunbelievablyhotfurnaces(熔爐)thatburntheirownmatterasfuel.Whenmostofthefuelisusedup,thestarbeginstodie.Thedeathofastarisnotaquietevent.Firstthereisahugeexplosion.Asitsouterlayerisblastedoffintospace,thedyingstarshinesasbrightlyasabillionsuns.Aftertheexplosiongravitypullsinwhat'sleftofthestar.Astheoutsideofthestarsinkstowardthecenter,thestargetssmallerandsmaller.Thematerialthestarismadeofbecomestightlypackedtogether.Astarissodensethatateaspoonofmatterfromitweighsbillionofpounds.Themorethestarshrinks,thestrongerthegravityinsideitbecomes.Soonthestarisverytiny,andthegravitypullingitinisunbelievablystrong.Infact,thegravityissostrongthatitevenpullslightintothestar!Sinceallthelightispulledin,nonecanflee.Thestarbecomesblackwhenthereisnolight.Thenablackholeisborn!That'swhatweknowaboutblackholes.Whatwedon'tknowisthis:Whathappensinsideablackholeafterthestarhasbeensqueezedintoatinyball?Doesitkeepgettingsmallerandsmallerforever?Suchapossibilityishardtoimagine.Butiftheblackholedoesn'tkeepshrinking,whathappenstoit?Somescientiststhinkblackholesarelikedoorwaystoanotherworld.Theysaythatasthestardisappearsfromouruniverse,itgoesintoanotheruniverse.Inotherwordsablackholeinouruniversecouldturnintoa“whitehole”inadifferentuniverse.Astheblackholeswallowslight,thewhiteholeshinesbrightly-somewhereelse.Butwhere?Adifferentplace,perhaps,oradifferenttime-manyyearsinthepastorfuture.Couldyoutravelthroughablackhole?Rightnow,no.Nothingweknowofcouldgointoablackholewithoutbeingcrushed.Sofarthetimebeing,blackholesmustremainamystery.Blackholesareamystery-butthathasn'tstoppedscientistsfromdreamingaboutthem.Onescientistsuggestedthatinthefuturewemightmakeuseofthepowerofblackholes.TheywouldsupplyallofEarth'senergyneeds,withplentytospare.Anotherscientistwonderedifablackholecouldsomedaybeusedtoswallowearthlywaste-asortofhugewastedisposal(處理)inthesky!12.Whenthestarbeginstodie,.A.thereisnofuelleftinitB.itsouterlayergoesintospacefirstC.itwillexplodeandthenbecomesmallerD.itdoesn'tgiveofflightanylonger13.Whichofthefollowingdoesn'thelpproduceablackhole?A.Thestarbecomesverytinyanddense.B.Thelightcan'tgooutofthestar.C.Thegravityinsidethestarisverystrong.D.Thedyingstarshinesverybrightly.14.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A.Astarwillblastanddiewhenitlacksfueltosupportitsburning.B.Ablackholecanswalloweverythingbecauseitbecomessmallerallthetime.C.Mancannevertravelthroughablackholebutcanmakeuseofitspower.D.Scientistshavefoundthatablackholegoesintoanotheruniverseandbecomesawhitehole.15.What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?A.ANewScientificDiscovery:BlackHolesB.HowDoBlackHolesComeintoBeing?C.WhatAreBlackHoles?D.TravelThroughABlackHole【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章闡述了黑洞形成的原因和經(jīng)過。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一、二、三段提到，當(dāng)一個(gè)星體的大部分能量耗盡，它就開始走向衰落死亡，首先是爆炸，由于爆炸，外層物質(zhì)被拋散到太空中，并且發(fā)出非常耀眼的光線，然后它會慢慢向中心塌陷變小。因此，當(dāng)一個(gè)星體死亡時(shí)，它會發(fā)生爆炸并變得更小。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第四段Themorethestarshrinks,thestrongerthegravityinsideitbecomes.Soonthestarisverytiny,andthegravitypullingitinisunbelievablystrong.Infact,thegravityissostrongthatitevenpullslightintothestar!可以看出由于引力的加大，形體不斷收縮，變得很小，引力大到難以置信，光都被拉入到星體內(nèi)部，因此A、B、C都是黑洞形成的因素之一，根據(jù)Thestarbecomesblackwhenthereisnolight.一句可知D選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故選D。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。從文章可知，星體燃燒的大部分能量之后，就開始死亡，并首先產(chǎn)生爆炸，故A正確。B的前半句正確，但黑洞能吞噬一切的原因是因?yàn)槊芏却螅Υ?，而不是因?yàn)楹诙匆恢痹谧冃?。C錯(cuò)誤，因?yàn)槲恼轮徽f目前穿越黑洞不可能，沒有說永遠(yuǎn)不可能，而且我們也還不能利用黑洞的能力。D答案只是科學(xué)家的猜測，并不屬實(shí)，而且句子本身也有錯(cuò)誤，不是黑洞跑去了另一個(gè)宇宙，成為白洞，而是有可能在這個(gè)宇宙產(chǎn)生一個(gè)黑洞，相應(yīng)的可能在另一個(gè)宇宙就會出現(xiàn)一個(gè)相反的白洞。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。文章的首句和全文都可以看出，文章主要內(nèi)容是黑洞是如何形成的。選項(xiàng)B.HowDoBlackHolesComeintoBeing?（黑洞是怎樣形成的？）為最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。【點(diǎn)睛】推斷判斷題就是推斷隱含意義，根據(jù)文章的某個(gè)句子、段落或全文所提供的事實(shí)進(jìn)行邏輯推理，推斷出作者沒有提到、沒有明說或者可能發(fā)生的事實(shí)。推理判斷題的題干特點(diǎn)：推斷隱含意義的題干中常含infer（推斷），suggest（暗示），imply（暗示），indicate（暗示），conclude（推斷，得出結(jié)論）等詞語。常見的題干形式如下：?We?can?know?from?the?passage?that...；?We?can?infer?from?the?（first/last）?passage?that...?；The?passage/author?implies/suggests?that?...；It?can?be?concluded?from?the?passage?that?...?；The?underlined?sentence?indicates?that?...等等，它的主要解題方法就是找到推理的依據(jù)，然后理解相關(guān)信息點(diǎn)的字面意義，最后結(jié)合語境和常識，在字面意義的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行符合邏輯的推斷，從而得到作者的言外之意。如第3小題，從文章可知，星體燃燒的大部分能量之后，就開始死亡，并首先產(chǎn)生爆炸，故A正確。B的前半句正確，但黑洞能吞噬一切的原因是因?yàn)槊芏却?，引力大，而不是因?yàn)楹诙匆恢痹谧冃?。C錯(cuò)誤，因?yàn)槲恼轮徽f目前穿越黑洞不可能，沒有說永遠(yuǎn)不可能，而且我們也還不能利用黑洞的能力。D答案只是科學(xué)家的猜測，并不屬實(shí)，而且句子本身也有錯(cuò)誤，不是黑洞跑去了另一個(gè)宇宙，成為白洞，而是有可能在這個(gè)宇宙產(chǎn)生一個(gè)黑洞，相應(yīng)的可能在另一個(gè)宇宙就會出現(xiàn)一個(gè)相反的白洞。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whatdobabies,puppiesandcartooncharactershaveincommon?___16___Cuteanimalsandbabiesattractourattentionandmakeuswanttotakecareofthem,whichgivesthemanevolutionaryadvantage,accordingtoAustrianzoologistKonradLorenz.___17___Whenwelookatbabies,weareattractedtocertainfacialfeatures.Thesefeaturesmakeuswanttotakecareofthemsotheycangrowuphealthilyandpasstheirgenesontothenextgeneration.Lookingatbabyanimalsandcartooncharactersalsocausethesefeelings.Childlikecharacteristicsmakebabiessweetandleadustobuildclosetieswiththem.___18___Thereareseveralfeaturesthatcancausethisfeeling.____19____Ifababyanimalorhumanwobblesabitwhenwalking,thatcanmakethemseemevencuter.Ofcourse,wedon’traisebabyanimalsthesamewayweraisehumanbabies,andwedon’traisecartooncharactersatall.____20____Cutecartooncharactersbecomepopularthisway,andbabyanimalsaremorelikelytobecaredforproperly.Thinkaboutsomeofthethingsthatyoufindcute,andyou’relikelytoseethattheyhavesomeofthesamecharacteristicsasahumanbaby.A.Thisevenworkswhenweseethingsthatremindusofababy.B.Thesciencebehindcutenessisstillunclear.C.Humanbabiesareagoodexample.D.However,babiesgetlesscuteastheygetolder.E.Alargeroundhead,largeeyes,andsoftskinarejustsomeofthesefeatures.F.Buttheircutenessdoesmakeuslikethemandwanttotakecareofthem.G.Theansweristhattheyalllookcute.【答案】16.G17.C18.A19.E20.F【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要分析了嬰兒及帶有嬰兒特征的物品引起人們喜愛之情的原因?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whatdobabies,puppiesandcartooncharactershaveincommon?”可知嬰兒、小狗和卡通人物有什么共同之處？由此可知，上文提出問題，本句應(yīng)當(dāng)是回答上文的提問。故G選項(xiàng)“答案是它們看起來都很可愛?！狈仙舷挛恼Z境，故選G。【17題詳解】結(jié)合后文“Whenwelookatbabies,weareattractedtocertainfacialfeatures.Thesefeaturesmakeuswanttotakecareofthemsotheycangrowuphealthilyandpasstheirgenesontothenextgeneration.”可知當(dāng)我們觀察嬰兒時(shí)，我們會被某些面部特征所吸引。這些特征使我們想要照顧他們，這樣他們才能健康成長，并把他們的基因傳遞給下一代。由此可知，本段是在以人類嬰兒為例子，說明人類為什么喜歡照顧嬰兒。故C選項(xiàng)“人類嬰兒就是一個(gè)很好的例子?！狈仙舷挛恼Z境，故選C。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Childlikecharacteristicsmakebabiessweetandleadustobuildclosetieswiththem.”可知孩子般的性格使嬰兒變得可愛，并使我們與他們建立起密切的聯(lián)系。由此可知，孩子般的性格使嬰兒變得可愛，并且這會使我們與他們建立起聯(lián)系，這種聯(lián)系意味著當(dāng)我們看到能想起嬰兒的東西時(shí)，也會產(chǎn)生一樣的感覺。故A選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)我們看到讓我們想起嬰兒的東西時(shí)，這甚至也會起作用?！狈仙舷挛恼Z境，故選A?！?9題詳解】結(jié)合上文“Thereareseveralfeaturesthatcancausethisfeeling.”可知有幾個(gè)特征可以引起這種感覺。由此可知，本句承接上文開始列舉有哪些特征。上文“features”可對應(yīng)到E選項(xiàng)中“someofthesefeatures”。故E選項(xiàng)“圓圓的大腦袋、大眼睛和柔軟的皮膚只是這些特征中的一部分?！狈仙舷挛恼Z境，故選E?！?0題詳解】結(jié)合后文“Cutecartooncharactersbecomepopularthisway,andbabyanimalsaremorelikelytobecaredforproperly.”可知可愛的卡通人物通過這種方式變得流行起來，小動物也更容易得到妥善的照顧。由此可知，人類因?yàn)榭ㄍㄈ宋锖托游锏目蓯?，所以也會喜歡和想要照顧他們。上文中“babyanimals”和“cartooncharacters”對應(yīng)到F選項(xiàng)中“takecareofthem”。故F選項(xiàng)“但是他們的可愛讓我們喜歡他們，想要照顧他們。”符合上下文語境，故選F。第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Inspirationcanbeastrangething.Youneverknowwhenitmight___21___.Andsometimes,itcancomefromthemost___22___places.IrecentlyreadaboutanauthornamedNnediOkoraforWhenshewasincollege,shehadaseriousspinedisorder（脊椎病）.Okoraforwastoldthatasimpleoperationcould___23___it.Butwhenshewokeupfromher___24___.shefoundthatshecouldn'tmoveherlegsandwasingreatpain.Okoraforgot___25___later.Butbeforeshedid.shesawstrangethingsinherhospitalroom.Sheimaginedher___26___asabeastthathuntedherfromtheshadows.Butshealso___27___awoman一awomanwhocouldfly,infact.This___28___womaninspiredherandhelpedher___29___herpain."Ifeltmyselfbecome____30____shewroteinherbookBrokenPlaces&OuterSpaces:FindingCreativityintheUnexpected.We____31____knowwherewemightfindtheinspirationtocreate.Asa____32____mostofmyinspirationcomesfromotherpeople'smusic.ButIalsofind____33____inotherplaces.Books,moviesand____34____Justmomentsineverydaylifecanleadtonewcreations.____35____IrecentlyrewatchedthefilmBladeRunner.I'veseenitplentyoftimesbefore;it’soneofmyfavoritemovies.Butthistime,forsomereasons,Isawit____36____.Idecidedtomakemusicthatcouldcreatethesamefeelingasthe____37____It'snotdoneyet.butthemusicI'mworkingonnowisheavily____38____bythemovie'ssettingandcharacters.Anythingcan____39____us.Youjusthavetobe____40____tocatchinspirationwhenithits.21.A.work B.hit C.exist D.pass22.A.interesting B.ordinary C.unexpected D.dangerous23.A.fix B.make C.get D.control24.A.dream B.shock C.recovery D.operation25.A.well B.bad C.worried D.annoyed26.A.curiosity B.pain C.anger D.fear27.A.asked B.met C.imagined D.visited28.A.confident B.smart C.honest D.magical29.A.forget B.recognize C.describe D.practice30.A.richer B.greater C.busier D.quieter31.A.always B.never C.sometimes D.still32.A.director B.dancer C.musician D.writer33.A.tips B.messages C.examples D.ideas34.A.even B.again C.not D.only35.A.Inshort B.Inaddition C.Forexample D.Afterall36.A.differently B.perfectly C.vividly D.smoothly37.A.story B.song C.play D.film38.A.changed B.supported C.disturbed D.influenced39.A.impress B.inspire C.amuse D.challenge40.A.free B.thankful C.ready D.careful【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.A26.B27.C28.D29.A30.D31.B32.C33.D34.A35.C36.A37.D38.D39.B40.C【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議的記敘文。通過記敘Okorafor一次生病的經(jīng)歷和作者看電影想創(chuàng)作音樂的經(jīng)歷來說明靈感的來源。它來源于任何事物的啟發(fā)，當(dāng)它來臨的時(shí)候，你只需要去接受它就可以了。【21題詳解】考查動詞辨析。句意：你永遠(yuǎn)不知道它什么時(shí)候會侯然出現(xiàn)。A.work工作；B.hit偶然出現(xiàn)；C.exist存在；D.pass經(jīng)過。根據(jù)下文“whenithits.”可知，你永遠(yuǎn)不知道它什么時(shí)候會來。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：有時(shí)候它會來自于最無法預(yù)料的地方。A.interesting有趣的；B.ordinary普通的；C.unexpected無法預(yù)料的；D.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的。根據(jù)前句你永遠(yuǎn)都不會知道它什么時(shí)候來，說明即便它出現(xiàn)，也是無法預(yù)料的。故選C。【23題詳解】考查動詞辨析。句意：Okorafor被告知一個(gè)簡單的手術(shù)即可治愈它。A.fix修復(fù)，治愈；B.make制造C.get得到；D.control控制。既然是手術(shù)治療operation，那么治愈的單詞只有fix合適。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：但當(dāng)她從手術(shù)中醒過來時(shí)，她發(fā)現(xiàn)她無法移動她的腿，而且很疼。A.dream夢想；B.shock震驚；C.recovery恢復(fù)；D.operation手術(shù)。根據(jù)上文提到的operation可知這里應(yīng)該是進(jìn)行手術(shù)后醒過來了。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：后來Okorafor感覺好多了。A.well好的；B.bad壞的；C.worried擔(dān)憂的；D.annoyed令人惱怒的。她擔(dān)心的是她的病痛，而后面描述的她想象的事物讓她減輕了痛苦。后來Okorafor感覺好多了。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：她想象她的病痛就像野獸從陰影處追趕她一樣。A.curiosity好奇心；B.pain痛苦；C.anger生氣；D.fear驚恐。這里的病痛選項(xiàng)來自于第9空后面的pain。她想象她的病痛就像野獸從陰影處追趕她一樣。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查動詞辨析。句意：但她也想象出一個(gè)女人，事實(shí)上一個(gè)會飛的女人。A.asked詢問；B.met遇見；C.imagined想象；D.visited參觀，拜訪。這里選imagined是因?yàn)樯衔闹械?空前出現(xiàn)了imagined，但她也想象出一個(gè)女人，事實(shí)上一個(gè)會飛的女人。故選C。【28題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：這個(gè)具有魔力的女人給她靈感幫助她忘記痛苦。A.confident自信的；B.smart聰明的；C.honest誠實(shí)的；D.magical魔幻的。神奇的。這個(gè)作者想象中的女人會飛，故具有某種魔力。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查動詞的辨析。句意：這個(gè)具有魔力的女人給她靈感幫助她忘記痛苦。A.forget忘記；B.recognize識別；C.describe描述；D.practice實(shí)踐，練習(xí)。根據(jù)魔力magical和下句中的我感覺自己變得安靜下來。說明作者在這個(gè)想象的女人的幫助下變得沒有那么疼痛了，甚至忘記了疼痛。故選A。【30題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：她在她自己的書中寫道，“我感覺自己變得安靜下來”。A.richer更富有的；B.greater更偉大的；C.busier更繁忙的；D.quieter更安靜的。根據(jù)上句推測：之所以變得安靜是因?yàn)樵谶@個(gè)具有魔力的想象中的女人的幫助下忘記了疼痛。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查副詞辨析。句意：我們永遠(yuǎn)都不知道我們從哪里發(fā)現(xiàn)靈感去創(chuàng)造它。A.always總是；B.never從不；C.sometimes有時(shí)候；D.still仍然。這里的“永遠(yuǎn)都不”源自于第1空的“你永遠(yuǎn)都不知道它什么時(shí)候出現(xiàn)”。這屬于語義重復(fù)成分再現(xiàn)表達(dá)。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：作為一個(gè)音樂家絕大多數(shù)靈感來自于其他人的音樂。A.director導(dǎo)演；B.dancer舞者；C.musician音樂家；D.writer作家。因?yàn)檫@里有來自于其他人的音樂，故推出此題的選項(xiàng)為C音樂家切合題意，因?yàn)橐魳芳业玫降撵`感是來自于作音樂的人的作品，反過來說作音樂的人的作品可以是音樂家的靈感來源。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意