《山中問答》(Green

Mountains)(唐)李白問余何意棲碧山,笑而不答心自閑。桃花流水杳然去,別有天地非人間。《井欄砂宿遇夜客》

(Midnight

Guests

at

OvernightStay

at

Jing

Lan

Sha)(唐)李涉暮雨瀟瀟江上村,綠林豪客夜知聞。他時不用逃名姓,世上如今半是君?！逗场?The

Day

of

No

Fire)(唐)韓翃春城無處不飛花,寒食東風(fēng)御柳斜。日暮漢宮傳蠟燭,輕煙散入五侯家。Listen

to

the

recording

concerning

threeChinese

poems

and

poets

inTang

Dynasty

andpay

attention

topoet’s

life

storythe

name

of

the

poet

the

major

points

of

interpretations

of

theirpoemsFinish

the

quiz

on

pages

138-40.Book

2-Unit

10The

imperial

examination:科舉考試The

doctor

of

the

imperial

college:太學(xué)博士Court:朝廷Daoism:道家思想NotesBook

2-Unit

10Answers

for

ReferenceBook

2-Unit

10Story

1Poet’s

life

story:Poet’sname:Question:Possible

answers:

b)

/

c)

/

d)b)

/

d)

/

e)

/

f)c)

Li

BaidStory

2Poet’s

life

story:Poet’s

life

story:a)

/

c)

/

f)

/

g)

/

i)Poet’sname:

e)

Li

SheWho

says,

“No

need

to

...”?:Reasonable

interpretations:Story

3a)b)

/

c)

/

d)a)

/

b)

/

c)

/

f)Poet’sname:

f)

Han

HongReasonable

interpretations:noneListening

ScriptBook

2-Unit

10During

the

last

lecture,

we

studied

Chinese

poetry

in

theTangDynasty.

To

help

youreview

the

lesson,

wewillhave

a

little

quiz

today.

I

will

tell

you

three

stories

aboutthe

poets,

and

read

a

few

short

poems

in

English.

I’d

likeyou

to

tell

me:

Who

are

these

poets,

and

what

are

theirpoems

about?The

first

poet

is

often

compared

to

a

literary

angel

inthe

Chinese

history.

He

was

famous

for

the

extravagantimagination

and

striking

Daoist

imagery

in

his

poetry,

aswell

as

his

great

love

for

liquor.

His

father

was

abusinessman.

When

his

mother

was

in

the

full

term

ofpregnancy,

one

night

in

her

dream,

she

saw

the

star

ofVenus,

shining

brightly,

thus

the

parents

named

theirbaby

after

the

star

Venus.

He

grew

up

and

waseducated

differently

from

other

young

people

of

his

time.While

they

worked

hard

for

the

imperial

examinations,he

went

up

the

mountains

to

seek

for

the

master

ofDaoism.

And

he

finally

found

one.

He

had

a

particularlove

for

nature.

Here’s

one

of

his

famous

poems.

Let

meread

it

for

you.

The

title

is

Green

Mountains.Why

do

I

live

among

the

green

mountains?I

laugh

and

answer

not,

my

soul

is

serene;It

dwells

in

another

heaven

and

earth

belonging

to

noman.The

peach-trees

are

in

flower,

and

the

water

flows

on.The

poet

was

a

government

official

for

a

short

while,because

he

quickly

became

disappointed,

and

so

hegave

it

up,

and

went

home.As

legend

goes,

one

night

he

and

his

friends

werecruising

in

a

boat

on

a

lake

drinking.

He

was

intoxicated.He

saw

the

reflection

of

the

full

moon

on

the

surface

ofthe

lake,

and

it

was

so

beautiful.

He

loved

the

moon

somuch

that

he

wanted

to

grab

it.

Suddenly,

he

jumpedinto

the

lake,

trying

to

scoop

it

up.

With

a

loud

splash

itwas

the

end

of

this

famous

poet.The

second

poet

is

not

as

well

known

as

the

first

one,though,

yet

his

poem

is

also

very

famous,

and

beautiful.There

is

also

an

interesting

story

related

to

his

poem.This

story

will

show

how

popular

poem-writing

was

in

theTang

Dynasty.

This

poet

was

a

scholar

from

the

ImperialCollege.

One

night,

when

he

was

taking

the

boat

to

JiuJiang

City,

a

group

of

armed

robbers

suddenly

boardedthe

boat,

and

shouted

loudly,

“Who’s

on

this

boat?”The

poet’s

servant

quickly

told

them

the

name

of

thepoet.

Upon

hearing

it,

the

gang

leader

bowed

andaskedto

confirm

if

he

was

the

famous

poet

from

the

ImperialCollege.

When

he

got

confirmed,

he

said,

“We’ve

heardthat

he

writes

very

good

poems.

We’ll

not

rob

you.

Wejust

like

him

to

write

us

a

poem.

It

will

be

more

preciousthan

any

material

wealth.”

So

the

poet

wrote

a

poemwith

the

brush

pen

on

the

spot.

Here’s

the

poem.

Let

meread

it

for

you.

The

title

is

Midnight

Guests

at

OvernightStay

at

Jing

Lan

Sha.The

evening

rain

is

pouring.Travelling

on

the

river

to

the

village,Heroes

from

the

green

forest

heard

of

it,and

came

to

visit

me.“No

need

to

avoid

me

if

we

meet

again

in

the

future.Half

of

the

people

in

the

world

are

gentlemen.”Receiving

this

poem,

the

gang

leader

was

overjoyed,and

left

many

gifts

to

this

poet.

Amazingly

fifty

years

later,a

scholar

met

a

wealthy

man

called

Wei

Simin,

an

eldergentleman

in

Guang

Dong

Province.

They

had

goodtime

drinking

wine

and

talking

about

poetry

one

eveningat

Wei

Simin’s

mansion.

When

the

scholar

recited

thepoem

that

was

written

about

fifty

years

ago,

Wei

Siminbecame

very

excited.

He

said

that

he

was

a

robber

fiftyyears

ago.

But

one

night

he

met

the

poet

who

treatedhim

as

a

friend.

The

poet

even

wrote

him

a

poem.

Eversince

then,

Wei

Simin

said

he

had

given

up

his

evil

way,and

returned

to

being

a

good

person.

He

said

that

hewould

never

forget

the

poet’s

kindness.The

third

poet

I’m

going

to

tell

you

is

also

very

unique.He

failed

many

times

in

the

famous

Imperialexaminations,

and

thus

missed

opportunities

to e

anofficial.

But

one

day,

he

wrote

a

poem

about

an

oldcustom

called

“Han

Shi

Jie”,

meaning

the

day

of

eatingcold

food.

According

to

the

law

of

the

Tang

Dynasty,families

should

not

make

fire

on

this

day

to

cook

warmmeals.

The

only

exception

was

the

emperor

and

hisfavored

officials.

Each

year

on

this

day,

the

emperorwould

send

horses

to

pass

candles

out

to

the

houses

ofhis

favored

officials

so

that

in

the

evening,

they

couldmake

a

fire

to

cook

a

warm

dinner.

This

social

inequalitywas

reflected

in

his

poem.

Let

me

read

it

for

you.

Thetitle

is

The

Day

of

No

Fire.The

spring

flowers

are

abloom

about

in

every

corner

ofthe

city,On

The

Day

of

No

Fire,

an

eastern

wind

bendswillows

in

the

imperial

garden,At

dusk

candles

are

passed

out

in

the

Han

palace,Their

thin

smoke

swims

into

homes

of

five

lords.The

reference

to

the

Han

palace

in

this

poem

is

anindirect

criticism

of

the

Tang

emperor.

One

day,

theemperor

read

this

poem,

and

his

Majesty

was

soimpressed

that

he

appointed

the

poet

to

be

an

official

todraft

edicts.

Thus

the

poet

became

an

emperor’ssecretary

after

his

poem

was

recognized.《山中問答》

(Green

Mountains)(唐)李白Why

do

I

live

amongthe

greenmountains?Ilaughandanswer

not,mysoulisserene;問余何意棲碧山,笑而不答心自閑。It

dwells

in

another

heaven

andearth

belonging

to

no

man.The

peach-trees

are

in

flowers,

andthe

water

flows

on.桃花流水杳然去,別有天地非人間。Book

2-Unit

10Original

Versions

of

thePoems

in

Chinese《井欄砂宿遇夜客》Book

2-Unit

10(Midnight

GuestsatOvernightStayatJingLan

Sha)(唐)李涉The

evening

rain

is

pouring.

Travellingon

the

river

to

thevillage,Heroes

from

the

green

forest

heard

of

it,

and

came

to

visitme.暮雨瀟瀟江上村,綠林豪客夜知聞。“No

needto

avoid

me

if

wemeetagain

inthefuture.Half

of

the

people

in

the

world

are

gentlemen.”他時不用逃名姓,世上如今半是君?！逗场?The

Day

of

No

Fire)(唐)韓翃The

spring

flowers

are

abloom

about

in

everycorner

of

the

city,On

The

Day

of

No

Fire,

an

eastern

wind

bendswillows

in

the

imperial

garden,春城無處不飛花,寒食東風(fēng)御柳斜。At

dusk

candles

are

passed

out

in

the

Han

palace,Their

thinsmokeswimsintohomesoffivelords.日暮漢宮傳蠟燭,輕煙散入五侯家。Book

2-Unit

10Turn

the

three

poems

into

different

genres

ofliterary

work:

a

narrative,

a

drama,

and

aconversation.

(page

141)Turn

Green

Mountains

into

an

interview

betweena

journalist

and

the

poet.Turn

Midnight

Guests

at

Overnight

Stay

at

JingLan

Sha

into

a

drama.Turn

The

Day

of

No

Fire

into

a

narrative.Book

2-Unit

10A

person

shouldclaim

recognitiononly

forthingsthat

are

notdependent

uponothers

or

notclaim

it

at

all.recognition:

Here

theword

means

praise,respect,

or

admiration.e.g.

His

work

has

nevergained

the

internationalrecognition

it

deserves.Book

2-Unit

10claim:

to

ask

forsomething

as

a

right;

tosay

that

something

isyours,

especially

as

arightIn

small

groups,

discuss

the

following

questions.What

is

the

meaning

of

the

proverb?