長風(fēng)破浪會有時，直掛云帆濟(jì)滄海。2023年教師資格（初級中學(xué)）-英語知識與教學(xué)能力（高中）考試歷年高頻難、易錯點(diǎn)試題甄選答案（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）答案解析附后第1卷一.單項(xiàng)選擇題(共15題)1.閱讀下面的短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)（請選擇唯一正確的答案）PassageOneTherearemanywetlandsinChinaandsomeofthemhavebecometheworld’simportantwetlands.TheChineseYellowSeaWetlandsareamongthem.TheyareinYancheng,JiangsuProvince.Theyarehomeformanydifferentkindsofbirdsandanimals.TheworldslargestMiluDeerNatureReserveisinthem.Morethan700miludeerlivefreelythere.Therearenotmanyred-crownedcranesintheworld,buteverywinteryoucanseesomeintheRed-crownedCranesNatureReserveintheYellowSeaWetlands.Thetemperatureinthewetlandsisusuallyneithertoohighnortoolow.Thereisalotofrainandsunshine,too.

Theyarereallygoodplacesforwildlife.Offeringfoodandhomeforsomespecialkindsofanimalsandbirdsisnottheonlyreasonwhyweneedtoprotectwet-lands.Wetlandsareimportantbecausetheycanalsopreventfloods.Butsomepeoplewanttochangethewetlandstomakemorespaceforfarmsandbuildings.Thismeanstherewillbelessandlessspaceforwildlife.Luckily,moreandmorepeoplearebeginningtorealizetheimportanceOfwetlandsandwildlife.Everyyear,onFebruary2,manyactivitiesareheldtotellpeoplemoreaboutwet-lands.TheChineseYellowSeaWetlandsareinthe______ofChinA.A.east

B.south

C.west

D.north2.(

)makesitpossibleforlanguageuserstoovercomethelimitationsoftimeandspaceincommunication.A.Arbitrariness

B.Duality

C.Productivity

D.Displacement3.CanyoufindNewYork______thismapofAmerica?A.in

B.atC.of

D.on4.Whenateachersaystothewholeclass,"Standupandactoutthedialogue",he/sheisplayingtheroleofa(n)().A.monitorB.organizerC.assessorD.prompter5.Theprocessofperceivingothersisrarelytranslated(toourselvesorothers)intocold,objectiveterms.“Shewas5feet8inchestall,hadfairhair,andworeacoloredskirt.”Moreoften,wetrytogetinsidetheotherpersontopinpointhisorherattitudes,emotions,motivations,abilities,ideas,andcharacters.Furthermore,wesometimesbehaveasifwecanaccomplishthisdifficultjobveryquickly—perhapswithatwo-secondglance.Wetrytoobtaininformationaboutothersinmanyways.Bergersuggestsseveralmethodsforreducinguncertaintiesaboutotherswhoareknowntoyousoyoucancomparetheobservedperson’sbehaviorwiththeknownothers’behavior，observingapersoninasituationwheresocialbehaviorisrelativelyunrestrainedorwhereawidevarietyofbehavioralresponsesarecalledfor,deliberatelystructuringthephysicalorsocialenvironmentsoastoobservetheperson’sresponsestospecificstimuli,askingpeoplewhohavehadorhavefrequentcontactwiththepersonabouthimorher,andusingvariousstrategiesinface-to-faceinteractiontouncoverinformationaboutanotherpersonquestion,self-disclosures,andsoon.Gettingtoknowsomeoneisaneverendingtask,largelybecausepeopleareconstantlychangingandthemethodsweusetoobtaininformationareoftenimprecise.Youmayhaveknownsomeonefortenyearsandstillknowverylittleabouthim.Ifweaccepttheideathatwewon’teverfullyknowanotherperson,itenablesustodealmoreeasilywiththosethingsthatgetinthewayofaccurateknowledgesuchassecretsanddeceptions.Itwillalsokeepusfrombeingtoosurprisedorshockedbyseeminglyinconsistentbehavior.Ironically,thosethingsthatkeepusfromknowinganotherpersontoowell(e.g.secretsanddeceptions)maybejustasimportanttothedevelopmentofasatisfyingrelationshipasthosethingsthatenableustoobtainaccurateknowledgeaboutaperson(e.g.disclosuresandtruthfulstatement).

Somepeopleareoftensurprisedbywhatotherpeopledo.AccordingtoBerger,thatismainlybecause______.A.somepeoplearemoreemotionalthanothersB.somepeoplearenotawareofthefactthatwewillnevercompletelyknowanotherpersonC.somepeoplearesensitiveenoughtosensethechangeofotherpeopledattitudesD.somepeoplechoosetokeeptothemselves6.WhichofthefollowingsetsofphoneticfeaturescharacterizestheEnglishphoneme/a/?______.A.[high,lax,rounded]B.[central,lax,unfounded]C.[low,tense,rounded]D.[central,tense,unfounded]7.—Therewasaterriblefloodin1998,butnobodydiedofcoldandhunger.—Thesamethings,happeningintheolddays,______manydeaths.A.mustcauseB.wouldcauseC.couldhavecausedD.musthavecaused8.Howmuchdoestheticket______fromShanghaitoBeijing?A.cost

B.take

C.spend

D.pay9.Itis______withthecustomernottolettheshopassistantsguesswhathereallylikesandwantsuntilthelastmoment.A.anhonorB.onhishonorC.inhishonorD.apointofhonor10.Theexperimentrequiresmoremoneythan______.A.havebeenputinB.beingputinC.hasbeenputinD.tobeputin11.InBritain,______hastheultimateauthorityoflegislation.A.theQueenB.theHouseofCommonsC.thePrimeMinisterD.theHouseofLords12.AnneWhitney,asophomoreatColoradoStateUniversity,firsthadaproblemtakingtestswhenshebegancollege.“Iwasalwayswellpreparedformytests.SometimesIstudiedforweeksbeforeatest.YetIwouldgointotakethetest,onlytofindIcouldnotanswerthequestionscorrectly.Iwouldblankoutbecauseofnervousnessandfear.Icouldntthinkoftheanswer.MylowgradesonthetestsdidnotshowwhatIknewtotheteacher.”Anotherstudentinbiology/hadsimilarexperiences.Hesaid：“Myfirstchemistrytestwasverydifficult.Then,onthesecondtest.Isatdowntotakeit,and1wassonervousthat1wasshaking.Myhandsweremovingupanddownsoquicklythatitwashardtoholdmypencil.IknewthematerialandIknewtheanswers.YetIcouldn?tevenwritethemdown!”Thesetwoyoungstudentswereexperiencingsomethingcalledtestanxiety.Becauseastudentworriesandisuneasyaboutatest,hisorherminddoesnotworkaswellasitusuallydoes.Thestudentcannotwriteorthinkclearlybecauseoftheextremetensionandnervousness.Althoughpoorgradesareoftenaresultofpoorstudyhabits,sometimestestanxietycausesthelowgrades.Recently,testanxietyhasbeenrecognizedasarealproblem,notjustanexcuseorafalseexplanationoflazystudents.Specialuniversityadvisingcoursestrytohelpstudents.Inthesecourses,advisorstrytohelpstudentsbyteachingthemhowtomanagetestanxiety.Atsomeuniversities,studentstaketeststomeasuretheiranxiety.Ifthetestsshowtheiranxietyishigh,thestudentscantakeshortcoursestohelpthemdealwiththeirtensions.Thesecoursesteachstudentshowtorelaxtheirbodies.Studentsaretrainedtobecomecalminverytensesituations.Bycontrollingtheirnervousness,theycanlettheirmindsworkatease.Learnedinformationthencomesoutwithoutdifficultyonatest.AnexpertattheUniversityofCaliforniaexplains：“Withalmostallstudents,relaxationandlessstressarefeltaftertakingourprogram.Mostofthemexperiencebettercontrolduringtheirtests.Almostallhavesomeimprovement.Withsome,theimprovementisverygreat.” Testanxietyhasbeenrecognizedas______.A.anexcuseforlazinessB.theresultofpoorstudyhabitsC.arealproblemD.somethingthatcannotbechanged13.—Couldyoutellmehowlong______thebook?—Threedays.A.IcanborrowB.canIborrowC.IcankeepD.canIkeep14.Whentheteacherattemptstoelicitmoreinformationfromthestudentsbysaying\"And...?\",\"Good.Anythingelse?\",etc,he/sheisplayingtheroleofa__________.A.prompterB.participantC.managerD.consultant15.Thepopularityofthefilmshowsthatthereviewers’fearswerecompletely______.A.unjustifiedB.unjustC.misguidedD.unaccepted第2卷一.單項(xiàng)選擇題(共15題)1.Socialchangeismorelikelytooccurinsocietieswherethereisamixtureofdifferentkindsofpeoplethaninsocietieswherepeoplearesimilarinmanyways.Thesimplereasonforthisisthattherearemoredifferentwaysoflookingatthingspresentinthefirstkindofsociety.Therearemoreideas,moredisagreementsininterest,andmoregroupsandorganizationswithdifferentbeliefs.Inaddition,thereisusuallyagreaterworldlyinterestandgreatertoleranceinmixedsocieties.Allthesefactorstendtopromotesocialchangebyopeningmoreareasoflifetodecision.Inasocietywherepeoplearequitesimilarinmanyways,therearefeweroccasionsforpeopletoseetheneedortheopportunityforchangebecauseeverythingseemstobethesame.Andalthoughconditionsmaynotbesatisfactory,theyareatleastcustomaryandun-disputeD.Withinasociety,socialchangesisalsolikelytooccurmorefrequentlyandmorereadilyinthematerialaspectsoftheculturethaninthenon-material,forexample,intechnologyratherthaninvalues；inwhathasbeenlearnedlaterinliferatherthanwhatwaslearnedearly：inthelessbasicandlessemotionalaspectsofsocietythanintheiropposites；inthesimpleelementsratherthaninthecomplexones；informratherthaninsubstance；andinelementsthatareacceptabletothecultureratherthaninstrangeelements.Furthermore,socialchangeiseasierifitisgradual.Forexample,itcomesmorereadilyinhumanrelationsonacontinuousscaleratherthanonewithsharpdifference.ThisisonereasonwhychangehasnotcomemorequicklytoBlackAmericansascomparedtootherAmericanminorities,becauseofthesharpdifferenceinappearancebetweenthemandtheirwhitecounter-parts. Socialchangeislesslikelytooccurinasocietywherepeoplearequitesimilarinmanywaysbecause______.A.peopletherehavegotsoaccustomedtotheirconditionsthattheyseldomthinkitnecessarytochangeB.peopletherehaveidenticalneedsthatcanbesatisfiedwithoutmuchdifficultyC.peoplethereareeasytopleaseD.peopletherearelessdisputed2.Therearefivecomponentsofcommunicativecompetence.Whichofthemreferstoone’sabilitytocreatecoherentwrittentextorconversationandtheabilitytounderstandthem?______.A.linguisticcompetenceB.pragmaticcompetenceC.discoursecompetenceD.strategiccompetence3.Broadlyspeaking,thegenesmoreactiveinthelonely__________.A.helpedtoavoidinfectionsresultingfromvirusesB.participatedinguardingagainstbacteriaC.camefromafewdifferentfunctionalgroupsD.existedonlyasasmallgroup4.WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTshowtheproperrhythmicpatternofthesentence?A.'What'sthe'matter?B.The'sweateris'beautiful.C.He'started'countingit.D.'Heusually'getsupat'sixo'clock.5.What’stheteacherdoingbysaying“Whowantstohaveatry?”?______.A.controllingdisciplineB.givingpromptC.evaluatingstudents’workD.directingstudents’attentiontothelesson6.Whichofthefollowingaboutteachingassessmentisinappropriate?A.Diagnosticassessmentisakindoftestcardedoutafterateachingactivity.B.Formativeassessmentshouldbestudent-oriented.C.Summativeassessmentisoftencarriedoutattheendofaterm.D.Portfolios,dailyreports,anddeliveringspeechesareallformativeassessment.7.Thesoundof\"ch\"in\"teacher\"is__________.A.

voiceless,post-alveolar,andaffricativeB.voiceless,dental,andfricativeC.

voiced,dental,andfricativeD.voiced,post-alveolar,andplosive8.WecanlearnfromthetextthatAmericanshaveahistoryof___________.A.undervaluingintellectB.favoringintellectualismC.supportingschoolreformD.suppressingnativeintelligence9.Teacherscouldencouragestudentstouse__________togatherandorganizetheirideasfor

writing.A.elicitingB.mindmappingC.explainingD.brainstorming10.Ivelovedmymother’sdesksince1wasjusttallenoughtoseeabovethetopofitasmothersatwritingletters.Standingbyherchair,lookingattheinkbottle,pens,andwhitepaper,IdecidedthattheactofwritingmustbethemorewonderfulthingintheworlD.Yearslater,duringherfinalillness.Motherkeptdifferentthingsformysisterandbrother,“butthedesk，”she’dsaidagain,“it’sforElizabeth.’’Ineversawherangry,neversawhercry.Iknewshelovedme；sheshoweditinaction.Butasayounggirl,Iwantedheart-to-hearttalksbetweenmotheranddaughter.TheyneverhappeneD.Andagulfopenedbetweenus.Iwas“tooemotional”.Butshelived“onthesurface”.AsyearspassedIhadmyownfamily.Ilovedmymotherandthankedherforourhappyfamily.Iwrotetoherincarefulwordsandaskedhertoletmeknowinanywayshechosethatshedidforgiveme.Ipostedtheletterandwaitedforheranswer.Nonecame.Myhopeturnedtodisappointment,thenlittleinterestand,finally,peace，itseemedthatnothinghappeneD.Icouldn’tbesurethattheletterhadevengottomother.IonlyknewthatIhadwrittenit,andIcouldstoptryingtomakeherintosomeoneshewasnot.Nowthepresentofherdesktold,asshe’dneverbeenableto,thatshewaspleasedthatwritingwasmychosenwork.Icleanedthedeskcarefullyandfoundsomepapersinsideaphotoofmyfatherandaoneletter,foldedandrefoldedmanytimes.Givemeananswer,myletterasksinanywayyouchoose.Mother,youalwayschosetheactthatspeakslouderthanwords. Whatsthebesttitleofthepassage?______.A.MyLettertoMotherB.MotherandChildrenC.MyMother’sDeskD.TalksbetweenMotherandMe11.Waterproblemsinthefuturewillbecomemoreintenseandmorecomplex.Ourincreasingpopulationwilltremendouslyincreaseurbanwastes,primarilysewage.Ontheotherhand,increasingdemandsforwaterwilldecreasesubstantiallytheamountofwateravailablefordilutingwastes.Rapidlyexpandingindustrieswhichinvolvemoreandmorecomplexchemicalprocesseswillproducelargevolumesofliquidwastes,andmanyofthesewillcontainchemicalswhicharepoisonous.Tofeedourrapidlyexpandingpopulation,agriculturewillhavetobeintensifieD.Thiswillinvolveevenincreasingquantitiesofagriculturechemicals.Fromthis,itisapparentthatdrasticstepsmustbetakenimmediatelytodevelopcorrectivemeasuresforthepollutionproblem.TherearetwowaysbywhichthispollutionproblemcanbelesseneD.ThefirstrelatestothetreatmentofwastestodecreasetheirpollutionhazarD.Thisinvolvestheprocessingofsolidwastespriortodisposalandthetreatmentofliquidwastes,oreffluents,topermitthereuseofthewaterorbestreducepollutionuponfinaldisposal.Asecondapproachistodevelopaneconomicuseforallorapartofthewastes.Farmmanureisspreadinfieldsasanutrientororganicsupplement.EffluentsfromsewagedisposalplantsareusedinsomeareasbothforirrigationandforthenutrientscontaineD.Effluentsfromotherprocessingplantsmayalsobeusedasasupplementalsourceofwater.Manyindustries,suchasmeatandpoultryprocessingplants,arecurrentlyconvertingformerwasteproductionintomarketablebyproducts.Otherindustrieshavepotentialeconomicusesfortheirwasteproducts. Whichofthefollowingpointsisnotincludedinthepassage?______.A.Industrialdevelopmentincludesthesimplificationofcomplexchemicalprocesses.B.Dilutingwastesneedscertainamountofwater.C.Demandsforwaterwillgoupalongwiththeexpandingpopulation.D.Intensivecultivationoflandrequiresmoreandmorechemicals.12.Hestoppedplayingbaseballin1998______hisillness.A.becauseofB.attheendofC.nexttoD.insteadof13.請閱讀passagel，完成下列小題Passage1TheycametotheUnitedStatesaschildrenwithlittleidea,ifany,ofwhatitmeanttooverstayavisa.Theyenrolledinpublicschools,learnedEnglish,earnedhighschooldiplomas.Likemanyoftheirclassmates,theyponderedcollegechoices.ButasundocumentedimmigrantsinMaryland,theythenhadtoconfronttherealitythattheymustpaytwotothreetimeswhatformerhighschoolclassmatespaytoattendthestatedpubliccollege.Itisarulethat,formanystudentsofmodestmeans,putsacollegeeducationoutofreach,withoneexception:MontgomeryCollege.ThatiswhyJosueAguiluz,21,bominHonduras,andRicardoCampos,23,bominElSalvador-andnumerousotherslikethem-landedatthecommunitycollege.There,theystudyandwaitforaverdictfromMarylandvotersonaNov.6ballotmeasurethatmaydeterminewhethertheycanaffordtoadvancetoafour-yearcollege."IknowpeopleinMarylandbelieveineducation,CampossaidtheotherdayatthestudentcenterontheRockvillecampus.“IknowtheyaregoingtovoteforQuestion4.I’mhangingontheirvote.”Question4asksvoterstoaffirmorstrikedownalawthatthelegislaturepassedlastyear,knownasMaryland‘sversionofthe"DreamAct,"whichgrantedcertainundocumentedimmigrantstheabilitytoobtainin-statetuitionatpubliccollegesanduniversities.Thesubsidycomeswithconditions.Among→them←:Totakeadvantage,studentsmustfirstgotoatwo-yearcommunitycollege.Thelawwaspushedtoareferendumafteropponentsmountedalightningpetitiondrivethatshowedthedepthofdivisionoverillegalimmigrationacrossthestateandthenation.Criticssaydiscountingtuitionforstudentswholackpermissiontobeinthecountryisanunjustifiedgiveawayofwhattheybelievewillamounttotensofmillionsoftaxdollarsayear."

Whenanundocumentedstudententersthesystem,itisanetlossofrevenue,saidDel.PatrickL.McDonough(R-BaltimoreCounty).Itisasimplemathematicalargument.Putyouremotionandyourpassionaside,andgetoutyourcalculator.Thereisnocountofthenumberofstudentsstatewidewhowouldbeeligibleforbenefitsunderthelaw.Estimatesrangefromseveralhundredtoafewthousand.AWashingtonPostpollthismonthfoundthatasolidmajorityoflikelyvotersfavoredthelaw:59percentsupportit,and35percentareopposed.Ifthelawisaffirmed,Marylandwouldjoinaboutadozenotherstateswithlawsorpoliciesprovidingin-statetuitionbenefitstoundocumentedimmigrants.Texasbecamethefirstin2001.ExpertssayMaryland’sversionistheonlyonethatrequiresstudentstogothroughcommunitycollegefirst.Thatmeansthestated16communitycollegescouldbecomeapipelineforundocumentedstudentsinpublichighereducationifthemeasureisapproved.MontgomeryCollegeisalreadyamagnetforsuchstudents.ItoffersthesamelowtuitiontoanystudentwhograduatedwithinthepastthreeyearsfromaMontgomeryCountyhighschool. WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribestheattitudeofMarylandcitizenstowarddiscountingtuitionforundocumentedimmigrants?______.A.critical

B.

flexible

C.

divided

D.

supportive14.Despitethesealarmingstatistics,thescaleofthethreatthatsmokingcausestowomenshealthhasreceivedsurprisinglylittleattention.Smokingisstillseenbymanyasamainlymaleproblem,perhapsbecausemenwerethefirsttotakeupthehabitandthereforethefirsttosuffertheill-effects.