MetenEnglishPassivevoice被動(dòng)語態(tài)基本用法當(dāng)句子的主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，謂語的形式是主動(dòng)語態(tài)。當(dāng)句子的主語是動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，謂語要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。被動(dòng)語態(tài)由助動(dòng)詞be+過去分詞構(gòu)成，時(shí)態(tài)通過be表現(xiàn)出來。1.規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞：1)一般情況在動(dòng)詞原形后加-edwatch---watched2)以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的加-dpractice---practiced3)以輔音加y結(jié)尾的，去y變i加-edstudy---studied4)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加-edstop---stopped2.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞：amisarebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogoneHisbrotherwashesbowlsevery

day.主謂賓(受動(dòng)者)Bowlsare

washedbyhis

brother

every

day.改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)TheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.WemakethesemachinesinChina.PeoplespeakEnglishasthefirstlanguageinUK.FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass.ThesemachinesaremadebyusinChina.EnglishisspokenasthefirstlanguageinUK.你知道這些被動(dòng)句的否定句和一般疑問句嗎？1.They

make

shoesinthatfactory.主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語Shoes

aremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：S(主語）+am/is/are+過去分詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)Helookedafterthelittlebabyyesterday.主謂賓(受動(dòng)者)Thelittlebaby

waslookedafterbyhimyesterday.Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.Theyusedthisroomforresting.Theyplantedmanytreesyearsago.Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.Thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem.Manytreeswereplantedbythemyearsago.2.They

bought

tencomputerslastterm．Tencomputers

werebought(bythem)lastterm.一般過去時(shí)：S+was/were+過去分詞Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.主謂賓(受動(dòng)者)TheroomwillbecleanedbyTom

tomorrow.Wewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosontheplaygroundtomorrow.Theheadmasterwillgiveatalkthisafternoon.Thefarmerswillgrowdifferentkindsofvegetablesnextspring.UncleWangwillmendtheTVsettomorrow.Asportsmeetingwillbehadbyusnextweek.Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenontheplaygroundtomorrow.Atalkwillbegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.Differentkindsofvegetableswillbegrownbythefarmersnextspring.TheTVsetwillbemendedbyUncleWangtomorrow.3.They

willfinish

theworkintendays.Thework

willbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般將來時(shí)：S+will+be+過去分詞4．Amy

cantakegoodcareof

Tina

．Tina

canbetakengoodcareof

byAmy.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：S+can/may/must/should+be+過去分詞1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.5.Jimcoulddoityesterday.Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.ItcouldbedonebyJimyesterday.1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives____________forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_____________twiceamonth.EXERCISES

areusedarecleaned(變被動(dòng)語態(tài)）3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor.________________________onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_____________toreturnthebookintime.The

ticket

was

found

was

told5.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He___________________________onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers___________________tohelpthem.

wasmadetohave

canbe

used7.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?___________________________atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_______ourwork_____________today?WeremanytreesplantedMust

be

finished9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)____________________somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_____________________________.

we

were

given

were

giventous10.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_______________toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_______________bywomeninthisfactory.

wasasked

isdone12.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike___________________intwodays.13.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine______________________threetimesaday.canbemended

mustbe

taken14.ThestudentsinthisschoolstudyGerman.German_______________bythestudentsinthisschool.15.Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion?______thisquestionoften_______about______________?

is

studiedIs

talked

bythem下列時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成

Wehavefinishedourcompositions.

看一看想一想We

havemade

twentymorekeys．Twentymorekeys

havebeenmade

byus.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：S+have/has+been+過去分詞總結(jié)：各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：一般過去時(shí)：一般將來時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：S+am/is/are+doneS+was/were+doneS+will+be+doneS+have/has+been+doneS+can/may/must/should+be+done各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)V.(原形)/V.(e)sam/is/are+V.pp一般過去時(shí)V.-ed/madewas/were+V.pp一般將來時(shí)will+V.(原形)will+be+V.pp含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+V.(原形)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+V.pp主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)口訣：賓語提前主語變，原主變賓by后見，時(shí)態(tài)人稱be關(guān)鍵。

何時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)呢？

一、行為主體不明確，不必說出或者無法說出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例如：Footballisplayedallovertheworld．二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例如：Mybikewasstolen．我的自行車被盜了。三、漢語中含有“據(jù)說”、“據(jù)悉”、“有人說”、“大家說”等時(shí)。例如：Itissaidthatonedayheclimbedtothetopofahouseand……ItwasreportedthathermotherdiedofSARS.眾所周知……Itiswellknownthat…據(jù)推測(cè)說……Itissupposedthat…四、漢語中含有“被”、“由”等詞時(shí)。例如：TinaisaskedtocomebyPaul．Tina是被Paul叫來的。五、某些句子習(xí)慣上用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。例如：HewasborninOctober，1989．

That’sall.1.─Carl,areyougoingtoJack’sbirthdaypartyonSaturday?─IwillgothereifI___________.A.willbeinvited

B.aminvited

C.wasinviting

D.invitedAThenecklacethatIhadshowedtomyfriends

．Itmadeusverysad．A．waslost

B．getslost

C．weremissingA—Bruceistooyoung，Ithink．一Don’tworry．Hewill

whenyou’reout．A．betakengoodcareofB．takegoodcareofC．betakengoodcareA_____themorningofDecember1st,2006,the15thAsiaGames_____inDoha(多哈).

A.In;held

B.On;washeld

C.At;held

D.For;wereheldBThecakesintherestaurant_______,sothey_______well.

A.aretastedbetter;aresold

B.aretastedwell;sell

C.tasteterrible;aresold

D.tastenice,se