北京第五十一中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三英語(yǔ)期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Ofcourse,thefact_____misguidedformsofdietingresultinsomanyproblemsdoesnotmeanthatnodietingissafe.A.that

B.what

C.which

D.why參考答案：A2.Thefire,

occurredinXinjianVillage,DaxingDistrict,wasreportedat6:15pm,accordingtothefiredepartment.A.where

B.which

C.that

D.as參考答案：B3.—WecouldinviteJohnandBarbaratotheFridaynightparty.—Yes,________?I’llgivethemacallrightnow.A.whynot B.whatforC.why D.what參考答案：A情景對(duì)話題?！拔覀兛梢匝?qǐng)John和Barara才加周五晚的聚會(huì)?！薄盀槭裁床荒兀伊⒖探o他打電話”A.whynot“為什么不”

B.whatfor“為什么”

C.why“為什么”

D.what“什么？”4.---Whenshallwestartthereconstructionofthehistoricbuilding?

---Notuntil________bytheauthority.

A.willourprogrambeapproved

B.ourprogramwillbeapprovedC.hasourprogrambeenapproved

D.ourprogramhasbeenapproved參考答案：D略5._________hasbeenannounced,theschoolwillbreakupforholidaysaheadoftime．A．As

B．That

C．It

D．What參考答案：A6.Itisshownthatmenhave

aswomendoonaveragewhiledrivingaccordingtorecentstatistics.

A.twiceasmanyseriousaccidents

B.seriousaccidentsastwicemany

C.twiceseriousaccidentsasmany

D.seriousaccidentsasmanytwice參考答案：A7.Itisreportedthat

recentlydiscoveredpaintingmaybe

VanGoph．

A．the；不填

B．a(chǎn)；the

C．a(chǎn)；不填

D．the；a參考答案：D8.Becauseofhealthproblems,Petercannotcontinuetoworkatthesamefullpace

hehasdoneuptonow.A．a(chǎn)s

B．whichC．when

D．where參考答案：A【詳解】考查as引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句。句意：由于健康問(wèn)題，彼得不能繼續(xù)像現(xiàn)在這樣全速工作了。此處pace是先行詞，在后面的定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，但是前面有thesame，答案為as，這里是as引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句，thesame---as“與---相同”，故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】as(代詞)引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句1.當(dāng)先行詞是“such/thesame+名詞”時(shí)，用as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。即，such+n.+as(代詞)，thesame+n.+as(代詞)。例句（as指代such+n.，作主語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)/表語(yǔ)）（1）Weinvitedallsuchpeopleaswerelikelytocome.（as在從句中作主語(yǔ)。as=allsuchpeople，即，Allsuchpeoplewerelikelytocome.）（2）Ihaveneverheardsuchstoriesashetells.我從未聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)他講的這類(lèi)故事。（as在從句中作賓語(yǔ)。as=suchstories，即，Hetellssuchstories。）2.as與that的區(qū)別。①such…as(代詞)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，such…that(連詞)引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。如，Heissuchagoodboyaseveryonelikes.他是個(gè)人人都喜歡的好男孩。（從句缺成分（缺賓語(yǔ)），因此as是代詞（作成分））Heissuchagoodboythateveryonelikeshim.他是個(gè)好男孩，以至于人人都喜歡他。（從句不缺成分，因此that是連詞（不作成分））②thesame…as(代詞)…，表示兩物相似；thesame…that(代詞)…,表示兩物同一物。如，ThisisthesamepenasIusedyesterday.這是和我昨天用的一樣的鋼筆。ThisisthesamepenthatIusedyesterday.這是我昨天用過(guò)的那支鋼筆。注意：thesame…，可以與代詞as/that連用，也可以與副詞when/where等連用。如，Thisisthesameplacewherewehadthepartythatday.（where作狀語(yǔ)）

9.Learntotellagreatstoryofhowyougrewup,aneventthat________yourlife,orevenavacationthattookyoutoanewplace.A.devoted B.shaped C.occupied D.filled參考答案：B10.—Youshouldn’thavetakenpictureshere.—

.A．Pardonme

B．Goahead

C．Nevermind

D．You’rewelcome參考答案：A11.—Twenty-fivecountiesinYunnanprovincehaveexperiencedtheirrecordlowrainfallinhistory.—Theforecastsaysrainisunlikely

inthecomingweek.

A.tosee B.tohaveseen C.tobeseen D.beingseen參考答案：C12.In______hottestrealityshowRunningManIII,Luhanis______onlynewmember.A.a;不填 B.a;an

C.the;the

D.the;不填參考答案：C【考點(diǎn)】冠詞【試題解析】分析句子，可知前后兩個(gè)空格都是特指的，故用定冠詞the。句意：在熱播的電視節(jié)目“奔跑吧，兄弟3”中，鹿晗是唯一的一個(gè)新成員。13.—Canwemeettomorrow?—Yes,butnotinthemorning.I______ameeting.A.wouldattend B.haveattended C.willbeattending D.amgoingtoattend參考答案：C【命題立意】考查時(shí)態(tài)的用法。句意：——明天我們能見(jiàn)面嗎？——是的。但不是早晨。我明天上午將參加一個(gè)會(huì)議。attend的動(dòng)作在將來(lái)某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，用將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)，因此選C。14.—Whatsortoffrienddoyouwanttohave?Someonebeautiful?—Well,it_____bebeautiful—that’snotimportant.A.mustn’t

B.can’t

C.won’t

D.needn’t參考答案：D略15.Thejobrequired

didit

carefulandbraveenough.A.who;is

B.whom;was

C.whomever;were

D.whoever;be參考答案：D16.—Howdoyoufindthetownyouvisitedyesterday?—Thetownhaschangedoutofall______inthepast20years,acompletelynewoneinfrontofme.A.realization

B.description

C.expression

D.recognition參考答案：D略二、完型填空17.閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或受用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空，并將答案填在答題卡標(biāo)號(hào)為31~40的相應(yīng)位置上。Ayoungman,whiletravelingthroughadesert，cameacrossaspringofclearwater.____31____waterwassweet.Hefilledhisleathercontainersothathecouldbringsomebacktoanelder____32____hadbeenhisteacher.Afterafour-dayjourney,theyoungman____33___.(present)thewatertotheoldman.Histeachertookadeepdrink,smiled____34____(warm),andthankedhisstudentverymuchforthesweetwater.Theyoungmanwenthome____35_____ahappyheart.Afterthestudentleft,theteacherlet__36___studenttastethewater.Hespititout,__37___(say)itwasawful.Apparently,itwasnolongerfreshbecauseoftheoldleathercontainer.Heaskedhisteacher,”Sir,thewaterwasawful.Whydidyoupretendtolike___38____?”

Theteacherreplied,”Youtastedthewater.Itastedthegift.Thewaterwassimplythecontainerforanactofkindnessandlove.Nothingcouldbe___39___(sweet).”

Weunderstandthislessonbest____40___wereceivegiftsoflovefromchildren.Whetheritisacheappipeonadiamondnecklace,theproperresponseisappreciation.Welovetheideawithinthegiftratherthanthething.

參考答案：31.The32.who33.presented34.warmly35.with36.another37.saying38.it39.sweeter40.when31.試題分析：由上文aspringofclearwater第一次提到water下文——water緊接著第二次特指高考考點(diǎn)：考查冠詞易錯(cuò)提醒：易用Its32.試題分析：who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句限制elder且做從句的主語(yǔ)高考考點(diǎn)：考查定語(yǔ)從句易錯(cuò)提醒：易填that33.試題分析：本題缺少謂語(yǔ)，由整篇文章知道時(shí)態(tài)為過(guò)去時(shí)高考考點(diǎn)：考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)易錯(cuò)提醒：易填presenting34.試題分析：修飾動(dòng)詞smile應(yīng)用副詞高考考點(diǎn)：考查副詞的使用易錯(cuò)提醒：易填warmer35.試題分析：本處缺介詞，構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)，并且表伴隨狀態(tài)。高考考點(diǎn)：考查介詞易錯(cuò)提醒：易填in36.試題分析：由student單數(shù)可知前面代數(shù)應(yīng)指一個(gè)人，由下文“Heaskedhisteacher”可知是另一個(gè)學(xué)生。高考考點(diǎn)：考查代詞易錯(cuò)提醒：易填other37.試題分析：整句匯總已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞spit，故此處應(yīng)填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，又表伴隨狀態(tài)，用v-ing形式高考考點(diǎn)：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞易錯(cuò)提醒：易填said38.試題分析：由上文“thewaterwasauful”可知，是問(wèn)為什么假裝喜歡水，水為不可數(shù)名詞，由代詞it代替高考考點(diǎn)：考查代詞易錯(cuò)提醒：易填錯(cuò)water39.試題分析：用nothing與anactofkindnessandlove相對(duì)比高考考點(diǎn)：考查形容詞比較級(jí)易錯(cuò)提醒：易填sweet40.試題分析：從句意上看是“當(dāng)…時(shí)候”，填when高考考點(diǎn)：考查時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句易錯(cuò)提醒：易填which三、閱讀理解18.MacinleyButsonwasjust16yearsoldwhenshefirsthadtheideatotryandprotectwomenfrommore—than—necessaryradiationduringbreastcancertreatments—andnow,herinventioncouldbeagame-changerinthemedicalfield.Butson,whosefatherworksinmedicalphysics,hasalwaysbeeninterestedinscience.Butsheonlybeganresearchingtheharmfulsideeffectsofradiationtreatmentafterherfatherdiscussedhisexperiencewithineffectivecancertreatmentsinhiswork.SinceButsonhadalsorecentlylostatobreastcancer,shefeltinspiredtoconductherownresearchonthesubject.Shetriedtobeginhermedicalresearchbyconsultingscientificjournals,butshefoundtheiracademictermsalmostimpossibletounderstand.ShethenturnedtotheInternettofindvideosthattaughthowtoreadscientificjournals.Asshewentdeeperinherresearch,shestumbleduponakeybitofinformation:copper（銅）hasbeenshowntobeeffectiveatprotectingskinfromradiation.AnideahitthisAustralianteenasshewasviewingafilmonmedievalwarsinher10thgradehistoryclass.Whenshesawthescaled（鱗片）patternsofthemail（盔甲）,shewasinspiredtocreateawearableprotectivetooloutofcopper.Shethenheadedbackonlineandwatchedvideosonhowtoputtogethertinyscales.Shemadeherownflexiblescale-mailwhichshenowcallsSMART:ScaleMailforRadiationTherapy.Whenherinventionwastestedinalaboratorysetting,itreducedsurfaceexposuretounnecessaryradiationby75%.AndnowButsonisworkingongettingherSMARTintoclinicalsettingsforuse.4.WhydidMacinleyButsonstartherresearch?A.Toassistherfatherwithhiswork. B.Tosaveherfromcancer.C.Topublishsomearticlesinjournals. D.Tofindeffectivewaystotreatcancer.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“stumbledupon"inParagraph3probablymean?A.Cameacross. B.Missed.C.Passedon. D.Required.6.WheredidMacinleyBustongetinspirationforherinvention?A.Videosonline. B.Scientificjournals.CHistorytextbooks. D.Soldiersdefensiveclothes.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMacinleyBuston?A.Stubborn. B.Creative.C.Selfless. D.Considerate.參考答案：4.D

5.A

6.D

7.B本文是記敘文。文章講述了當(dāng)時(shí)只有16歲的MacinleyButson用銅制成了一種可穿戴的防護(hù)工具，使乳腺癌癥患者在接受檢查時(shí)能夠減少受到不必要的輻射?，F(xiàn)在Butson正在努力將她的發(fā)明投入到臨床使用?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Butsheonlybeganresearchingtheharmfulsideeffectsofradiationtreatmentafterherfatherdiscussedhisexperiencewithineffectivecancertreatmentsinhiswork.”可知，但在她的父親講述了自己在工作中治療癌癥無(wú)效的經(jīng)歷后，她開(kāi)始研究放射治療的有害副作用。因此判斷出MacinleyButson開(kāi)始她的研究的原因是尋找治療癌癥的有效方法。故選D?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Shethenturnedtotheinternettofindvideosthattaughthowtoreadscientificjournals.AnideahitthisAustralianteenasshewasviewingafilmonmedievalwarsinher10thgradehistoryclass.Whenshesawthescaled（鱗片）patternsofthemail,shewasinspiredtocreateawearableprotectivetooloutofcopper.”可知，她到網(wǎng)上找到可教如何閱讀科學(xué)期刊的視頻。這位澳大利亞青少年在10年級(jí)歷史課上觀看一部有關(guān)中世紀(jì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的電影時(shí)，心中產(chǎn)生了一個(gè)念頭。當(dāng)她看到盔甲的鱗片圖案時(shí)，她受到啟發(fā)，用銅制成了一種可穿戴的防護(hù)工具。因此劃線句子的意思是“隨著研究的深入，她偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些關(guān)鍵信息：銅被證明可以有效保護(hù)皮膚免受輻射?！庇纱丝芍?，劃線短語(yǔ)的意思是“偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)”。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“AnideahitthisAustralianteenasshewasviewingafilmonmedievalwarsinher10thgradehistoryclass.Whenshesawthescaled（鱗片）patternsofthemail（盔甲），shewasinspiredtocreateawearableprotectivetooloutofcopper.”可知，這位澳大利亞青少年在10年級(jí)歷史課上觀看一部有關(guān)中世紀(jì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的電影時(shí)，心中產(chǎn)生了一個(gè)念頭。當(dāng)她看到盔甲的鱗片圖案時(shí)，她受到啟發(fā)，用銅制成了一種可穿戴的防護(hù)工具。因此MacinleyBuston的發(fā)明靈感來(lái)自士兵的防護(hù)鎧甲。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Whenshesawthescaled（鱗片）patternsofthemail（盔甲）,shewasinspiredtocreateawearableprotectivetooloutofcopper.可知，文章講述了當(dāng)時(shí)只有16歲的MacinleyButson用銅制成了一種可穿戴的防護(hù)工具，使癌癥患者在接受檢查時(shí)能夠減少受到不必要的輻射?，F(xiàn)在Butson正在努力將她的發(fā)明投入到臨床使用。因此B項(xiàng)（有創(chuàng)造力的）最能描述MacinleyBuston。故選B。19.Thedoorbellrang,andafewminuteslater,tohercompleteastonishment,ElizabethsawMr.Darcywalkintotheroom.Hehurriedlybegantoaskhowshewas,andsheansweredwithcoldpoliteness.Hesatdownforafewminutes,andthengettingup,walkedaroundtheroom.Elizabethwassurprisedbutsaidnothing.Afterasilenceofseveralminutes,hecametowardsherandsaid.“Ihavestruggledwithmyfeelings,butwithoutsuccess.YoumustallowmetotellyouhowmuchIadmireandloveyou.”Elizabeth,whowasunabletobelievewhatsheheard,stared,blushed,andwassilent.Hersilenceencouragedhimtospeakandtellherabouthisstrongfeelingsforher.Hespokewell,butunfortunately,hedidnotspeakonlyofhisloveforher,healsomadeitveryclearthathedidnotconsiderthatherfamilywasgoodenoughforhim.Heexplainedthatitwasonlybecausesheherselfwassounusualthathehaddecidedtoaskhertomarryhim.Inspiteofherpowerfuldislikeforhim,ElizabethatfirstfeltsorrythatshewasgoingtocauseDarcypain.Then,ashecontinuedtoinsultherfamily,shebegantofeelangry.Whenheatlastfinishedspeaking,shesaid,“Ibelievethatinasituationlikethis,theladyissupposedtothankthegentleman.Unfortunately,Ihavenodesiretothankyou,asIhaveneverwantedyourgoodopinion.Iamsorrytohavetocauseyoupain.However,Inevermeanttodoso,andIamsureyouwillsoonforgetme.”4.WhydidMr.Darcycometoherhouse?A.Hecametoaskhowshewas.B.HewantedtowalkaroundtheroomC.HewantedtofindherfamilywasgoodD.HecametotellElizabethhelovedher.5.WhywasElizabethsilent?A.Shereallydidn’tlikeDarcy.B.Shewasshy.C.Shecouldn’tbel