ConsecutiveInterpretingNote-takingIWhytake?misinterpretingandleavingoutimportantinformationWithoutmakingpauseafterspeakingfor5-10minutesalongseriesoffiguresAlonglistofpeople’snamesandplacenamesWhat’sthefunctionofnotes?Notesaretotriggerthememory,NOTreplaceitNotesremindoftheORDERofinformationorargumentHelptovisualizethestructureofSLspeechHelporganizeTLproductionNotesareusedtojotdownhardfacts,e.g.numbers,dates,etc.DifferencebtwconsecnotesandlecturenotesConsecnotesarefor“immediateuse”,notfor“l(fā)ateruse”recordthehighlightsandtopicwords,NOTthewholetext(incomplete)forpersonaluse,notforothersusepagespacedifferentlytoexpressmeaninguseabbreviations,symbols,arrowsfor“now”,maybeunrecognizablelaterHowdostudents’andprofs’notesdiffer?StudentstendtowriteALOT,whichusuallymeanstheyarenotlisteningcarefullyandREMEMBERINGProfessionalswriteenoughtoREMINDthemofwhatwassaid,andsoputmostoftheirenergyintolisteningandrememberingWhattotake?ThemeaninginformationItismeaningratherthanwordsthatarebeingtransferredininterpreting.Keywords,topicalwords,logicallinksNamesofpeople,places,organizationsortitleetc.Figures,propernames,example-listingTimehours,date,month,year,week,tec.ALWAYSREMEMBERINotesareusefultotheinterpreteronlyasasupplementtoyourmemory.ALWAYSREMEMBERIINotesareusefultoyouonlywhenyoucanrecognizethem.Therefore,thenotesshouldbebasedonapersonalsystemdevelopedbyyourself.女士們，先生們：謀求持久的世界和平和全球經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮是我們的共同愿望。正是本著維護(hù)世界和平、保證共同發(fā)展與持續(xù)繁榮的精神，我們制定了現(xiàn)行的外交政策和經(jīng)貿(mào)政策，發(fā)展與各國(guó)平等互利的友好關(guān)系。我們很高興地看到，在過去的10年中，各國(guó)始終與我們保持著良好的貿(mào)易伙伴關(guān)系。我們期待著與威廉斯副總統(tǒng)就亞太地區(qū)和我們共同關(guān)心的其他一些國(guó)際問題舉行會(huì)談。吳鐘明（武漢大學(xué)）Reference2L&GP&P/O

心/we（三&D） 制 政/dip,eco →%/平、友//：）←10y☆Tr%We

期（Wllms） ☉/問/亞太 其他//Howtotake?30%supplementarytool\reducetheburdenofthebrain(limitationofthehumanmemory);70%bybrain. Howtotakenotes?TheABCsHow:(Briefly)Tools:ballpenspiralboundpadAbbreviation&symbolsshortenedformofwritingfrequentlyoccurringnotionsandwordsLayout:verticalityshiftleft-handmarginHowdowenote?

Tools:notepadandpencilsHowdoesitwork?TechniquesofConsecutiveNote-takingAbbreviationsSymbolsArrowsLinesVerticalizationIndentationAbbreviationsOmitvowels(year=yrreport=rptmanagement=mngnt)Shortentheword(Monday=MonJanuary=Janavenue=ave)Omitwordendings(development=devcooperation=coopeconomic=)Useapostrophe(international=int’lcooperation=coop’n)Use1stlettersfornames(NewYork=NYKualaLumpur=KLUnitedNations=UN)Abbreviations(cont’d)Userecognizedacronyms&abbreviations(identification=IDair-conditioning=ACnortheast=NEmeter=mkilometer=km)Usekeyletters(usu.science)DNA,DSL,ISPChangespelling(although=althobefore=B4through=thru)UseChinesecharacters(people,nation)SymbolsGrammaticalsymbolsUseof“root”and“power”positionsUse“d”,“l(fā)l”,“l(fā)d”,“g”fortense (eat=eatd,eatll,eatld,eatg)MeaningsymbolsUse“r”for“doer”ofaction(mathematician=mathr，chemist=chemrswimmer=swimr)Symbols(cont’d)SymbolsforwordsChemical(water=H2O,ozone=O3)Mathematical(=thesameas,equivalentto,be) +addto,inaddition,what’smore;minus,subtractfrom;>morethan,greaterthan;<lessthan,smallerthan) (seelist)Lines≡ (underlining)emphasis,(attenuation) wavylinesLinesofrelation(/betweenunitsofmeaning,shortandlonglines)Senselines(betweensensegroups)Linesofinclusion(usedtomarkalist)OtherSymbolsandLines?∣ before,priorto∣? after,subsequentto? over ? under|·| between∥ atthesametime,simultaneous,parallel//negationslash(e.g.W=unemployment,?=nofurtherquestions)Arrows

up,growth,increase,rise

down,decline,lower,reduce

move,go,cause,resultin,next

? meander,wander,on-goingaction

regress,backwards,asaresultof, causedby,dueto,past

returnCommonSymbols$ money,currency,cash,pay,salary,rich# numbers,statistics,resultswant,like,wish,desire? question,ask,doubt,problem! order,require,emphasize,shout,angry,dangerous,alarming,alert,perilous;sure,certainly+ plus,also,more,inaddition,add– less,minus= allformsoftheverbtobe,equivalent,same,stable

argument,dispute,conflict,clash,collision∈belongtoae行為行動(dòng)法案action,actMoreSymbols

other,different,unlike,unstable< lessthan,smallerthan,declining,shrinking> greaterthan,morethan,bigger,growing moreorless,onorabout,approximately∴ therefore,conclude,conclusion,so:think,consider,reflecton,speak,expressRx prescription,solutionDx diagnosis

moresymbols?發(fā)展achievement,advancement∞trade,exchange,communication,relationshipOcomplete,whole*feature,character,represent,exemplify,standfor?city,urban,motropolitan┘└♀♂→import←exportnation,state,kingdomLayoutVerticallyShiftLeft-handmargin“//”foreachsensegroupDrawalinewithalittlecircletoshowtheendofaconsecutivesegment//Example我國(guó)的教育體系分為四個(gè)種類，即：基礎(chǔ)教育、中等職業(yè)技術(shù)教育、普通高等教育和成人教育。中

edusys4種//

－

Sec.職tec

普高edu

成。Principles:fewerwords,morelinesandspaces,indenting,keywords,dividingline,symbols,abbreviationSLorTLnoteveryword

cf(compare),Co(company),eg(forexample),etc(andsoon),esp(especially),ie(thatis),max(maximum),min(minimum),ref(reference),std(standard),usu(usually)bz(business),fz(finance),info(information),infra(infrastructure),nz(news),tx(tax),ag(agriculture),rec(recreation),grad(graduate),docdemo

forffromfrveryvr

would(d

and&

if.farer

youuyoururthere-r

inn

ofv

at@

butbt

cankn

somesm

couldkd

nextnx

cannotknt中國(guó)人民－中人;ch人中國(guó)政府－CHgv美國(guó)人民－美人；Am人按我國(guó)有關(guān)規(guī)定－國(guó)定

現(xiàn)代化－現(xiàn)h改革開發(fā)政策－改開;o/r感到特別親切－特親GDP－國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值5yrP－fiveyearplanSOE-國(guó)有企業(yè)FIE-外資企業(yè)JV－合資企業(yè)+還有,和,此外,而且,以及-減少,不會(huì),沒有=等于,相當(dāng)于＞大過，超過，優(yōu)越于＜少于，小于，比不上↓減少，下降↑增加，上升，上報(bào)↗逐步增加↘逐步下降，減少→向前發(fā)展∴所以，于是∵因?yàn)椋捎凇陶_，同意，好∽調(diào)換，對(duì)調(diào)，交流ⅹ錯(cuò)誤，不行，沒有‖停止，停瀉□國(guó)家⊙國(guó)內(nèi)□.;國(guó)外wworld!注意，警惕？疑問，問題，試驗(yàn)性

下劃線表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。gv政府+表示"多":many,lotsof,agreatdealof,agoodmanyof,etc.++(+2)表示“多”的比較級(jí)：more

+3表示“多”的最高級(jí)：most

－表示“少”:little,few,lack,inshortof/beinshortageofetc.

×表示“錯(cuò)誤”、“失誤”和“壞”的概念：wrong/incorrect，somethingbad，notorious，negative,etc.

>表示“多于”概念：bigger/larger/greater/morethan/betterthan,etc.表示“高”概念：superiorto，surpass,etc.

<表示“少于”概念：less/smaller，etc.表示“低”概念：inferiorto，etc.=表示“同等”概念：means，thatistosay，inotherwords，thesameas，beequalto,etc.()表示"在之間"：among,within,etc.≠表示"不同"概念：bedifferentfrom,etc.～表示"大約"概念：about/around，orso，approximately,etc./表示"否定"，"消除"等概念：crossout,eliminate,etc.:表示各種各樣"說"的動(dòng)詞：say,speak,talk,marks,announce,declare,etc.

?表示"問題"：question，issue，例如：臺(tái)灣問題：tw?

.(dot)這個(gè)"."點(diǎn)的位置不同表示的概念也不一樣".d"表示yesterday,".y"表示lastyear,".2m"表示twomonthago。"y"表示thisyear,"y2."twoyearlater“nextweek","wk."

∧表示轉(zhuǎn)折

√表示“好的”狀態(tài)，right/good，famous/well-known，etc.

"同意"狀態(tài)，standupfor，support，agreewithsb,certain/affirmative,etc.

☆表示"重要的"狀態(tài)：important，exemplary（模范的）best，outstanding，brilliant，etc.

n表示"交流"狀態(tài)：exchange，mutual,etc.

&

表示"和"，"與"：and，togetherwith，alongwith，accompany，alongwith，furthermore，etc.

∥表示"結(jié)束"：end，stop，halt，bringsthtoastandstill/stop,etc.

EXERCISE1LISTENtothefollowingpresentationandtakenotesTrytovisualizeasmuchaspossible(memory–chronology…)Writedown,whilelistening,symbols,words,acronyms,namesThinkofthelinksAfterwards,trytocompletethemissingpartsinthewrittentext;yourpropositionsshouldhavethesamemeaningasintheoriginaltextMOBILEPHONESMOBILEPHONES'MOREDANGEROUSTHANSMOKING‘______________________expertswarnofhugeriseintumoursandcallsonindustrytotakeimmediatestepstoreduceradiation.Mobilephonescouldkillfarmorepeoplethan__________________orasbestos,astudybyanaward-winningcancerexperthasconcluded.Hesayspeopleshould____________________usingthemwhereverpossibleandthat_______________________andthemobilephoneindustrymusttake"immediatesteps"toreduceexposuretotheirradiation.Thestudy,byDrViniKhurana,isthemost____________________indictmentyetpublishedofthe_______________risks.Itdrawsongrowingevidence–exclusivelyreportedintheEOSinOctober–thatusinghandsetsfor10yearsormorecandoubletheriskof________________.Cancerstakeatleasta_____________________todevelop,____________________official_____________________assurancesbasedonearlierstudieswhichincludedfew,ifany,peoplewhohadusedthephonesforthatlong.Earlierthisyear,the____________________governmentwarnedagainsttheuseofmobilephones,especiallyby________________.____________________alsoadvisesitspeopletominimisehandsetuse,andthe_______________________EnvironmentAgencyhascalledforexposurestobereduced.ProfessorKhurana–atopneurosurgeonwhohasreceived14awardsoverthepast_________________years,has___________________morethanthreedozenscientificpapers–reviewedmorethan100studiesontheeffectsofmobilephones.Hehasputtheresultsonabrainsurgery___________________,andapaperbasedontheresearchiscurrentlybeingpeer-reviewedforpublicationinascientificjournal.Headmitsthatmobilescan_____________________________inemergencies,butconcludesthat"thereisasignificantandincreasingbodyofevidencefora__________________between_______________usageandcertain_______________________".Hebelievesthiswillbe"definitivelyproven"inthenext_________________.Notingthat_______________________represent"a_________________diagnosis",headds:"Wearecurrentlyexperiencingareactivelyuncheckedand__________________situation."Hefearsthat"unlesstheindustryandgovernmentstakeimmediateanddecisivesteps",theincidenceofmalignantbraintumoursandassociateddeathratewillbeobservedto_______________globallywithina________________fromnow,bywhichtimeitmaybefar______________________________medically."Itisanticipatedthatthisdangerhasfarbroaderpublichealthramificationsthanasbestosand_________________,"saysProfessorKhurana,whotoldtheEOShisassessmentispartlybasedonthefactthat________________________now_________________worldwide,threetimesasmanyassmoke.Smokingkillssomefivemillionworldwideeachyear,andexposuretoasbestosisresponsibleforasmanydeathsinBritainas_______________accidents.Latelastweek,the______________________AssociationdismissedKhurana'sstudyas"aselectivediscussionofscientificliteratureby__________________________".Itbelieveshe"doesnotpresentabalancedanalysis"ofthepublishedscience,and"reaches________________________tothe_____________andmorethan30otherindependentexpertscientificreviews".練習(xí)2 縮略語(yǔ)提示：你將聽到一些國(guó)名和組織機(jī)構(gòu)的名稱，根據(jù)以上講解的基本原則做記錄，并在錄音停止后，立即進(jìn)行口譯。中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨中央委員會(huì)香港特別行政區(qū)中國(guó)人民保險(xiǎn)公司中國(guó)人民政治協(xié)商會(huì)議中國(guó)投資貿(mào)易洽談會(huì)theAsia-PacificEconomicCooperationUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganizationDemocraticPeople’sRepublicofKoreaRepublicofKoreaTheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland把你的筆記同以下參考記法比較對(duì)照，交流一下口譯筆記的體會(huì)，并提出更好的記法和譯法。黨中央CCCPC(CentralCommitteeofCommunistPartyofChina)香港特區(qū)HKSAR(HongKongSpecialAdministrativeRegion)人保PICC（People’sInsuranceCompanyofChina）全政協(xié)CPPCC（ChinesePeople’sPoliticalConsultativeConference）CIFIT(ChinaInternationalFairforInvestment&Trade)APEC亞太經(jīng)濟(jì)合作組織UNESCO聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織DPRK或nK或KROK或sK或K大英（英國(guó)）（UK）練習(xí)3 符號(hào)提示1：你將聽到一組詞或短語(yǔ)，請(qǐng)你用你已經(jīng)知道的符號(hào)做記錄。1）今年2）去年3）前年4）明年5）后年6）國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值7）外交部長(zhǎng)8）總理9）貴賓10）多虧了。。。所以才。。。1）Y(thisyear)2).y(lastyear)3)..y(theyearbeforelast)4)y.(nextyear)5)y..(theyearafternext)6)GDP（grossdomesticproduct）7)FM(ForeignMinister)8)PM(PrimeMinister)9)VIPor△(veryimportantperson)10）∵…∴…(because…so…)練習(xí)4 要點(diǎn)之間的聯(lián)系提示：你將聽到一篇中文講話，請(qǐng)你利用數(shù)字或字母把信息要點(diǎn)及要點(diǎn)間的關(guān)系簡(jiǎn)明地記錄下來(lái)。然后借助筆記復(fù)述或口譯。提示：此段講話中心意思是成功創(chuàng)辦一所大學(xué)的主要因素，按照這個(gè)線索就能抓住主要信息，借助數(shù)字和字母把要點(diǎn)與要點(diǎn)間的聯(lián)系記錄下來(lái)。分析以下筆記，找出其優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。廈大私（立）