Unit6Natureinwords閱讀P68－69教材中的材料，選擇最佳答案。1．Whatdoes“l(fā)ines”meaninthesecondparagraph?A．Alongthinmark. B．Agroupofwords.C．Animaginaryborder. D．Aremark.2．WhichkindofpersonisRachelCarsonexcept？A．thorough B．responsibleC．determined D．emotional3．Thetextisa(n)．A．sciencereport B．bookreviewC．sciencefiction D．a(chǎn)utobiography4．WhichofthefollowingisnottrueaboutSilentSpring?A．Itcontainsalotofscientificresearch.B．Thelanguageisbeautifulandelegant.C．Itwasamilestoneinthegreenmovement.D．Itwaswellreceivedbyeveryone.[答案]1－4BDBDWordsandPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(知識要點1)dozennumber一打；許多(教材P69)Thebookalsogivesdozensofotherexamplesoferadicationprogrammesthatdidnothingtoreducetheproblemstheywereoriginallydesignedtosolve.該書還列舉了許多其他的實例來說明一些根除方案根本沒有采取任何措施來減少它們原本要解決的問題。[例]I'dlikethreedozenaltogether.我一共想要3打。[知識拓展]bythedozen 按打計算；大量地dozensof 許多的[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Onherbirthday，shealwaysreceivescardsbythedozen.②Dozens(dozen)ofmilesofrailwaytrackhavebeentornup.③Ifyoubuyadozenofthesetins，wecantake5percentofftheprice.[名師點津](1)與具體數(shù)字連用時，不加復(fù)數(shù)詞尾-s；若后接名詞，通常也無需用介詞of。(2)若不與具體數(shù)字連用，而是表示不確定的泛指數(shù)時，則不僅要加復(fù)數(shù)詞尾-s，而且要后接介詞of，然后才能接名詞。如：Thereweredozensofpeoplethere.那里有許多人。(3)當(dāng)與afew，several，many等數(shù)目不很具體的詞或詞組連用時，帶不帶復(fù)數(shù)詞尾-s均可，但是注意：若不帶復(fù)數(shù)詞尾-s，其后的介詞of可以省略；若帶復(fù)數(shù)詞尾-s，則其后介詞of不能省略。如：severaldozensofeggs＝severaldozeneggs幾打雞蛋(4)若其后的名詞被the，these，those等特指限定詞修飾，或其后接的是us，them等人稱代詞時，則此時必須用介詞of。如：adozenofhisfriends他的12個朋友twodozenofthem它們中的24個eq\a\vs4\al(知識要點2)preciseadj.精確的；一絲不茍的(教材P69)The50orsopagesattheendofthebooklistCarson'ssources，showinghowthoroughandpreciseshewasasascientist.這本書最后的五十幾頁列出了卡森的資料來源，顯示出她作為一名科學(xué)家的周密和嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。[例]Alawyerneedsaprecisemind.律師需要有縝密的思考能力。[知識拓展](1)tobeprecise 準(zhǔn)確地說，確切地說bepreciseabout... ……方面準(zhǔn)確(2)preciselyadv. 精確地；恰好；細(xì)心地moreprecisely 更確切地說[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Theshelfisaboutametrelong—well，98cm，tobe(be)precise.②Theproblemisduetodiscipline，or，moreprecisely(precise)，thelackofdiscipline，inschools.③Youhavetobepreciseaboutthenumbers.eq\a\vs4\al(知識要點3)banvt.禁止，取締n.禁令(教材P69)Itsimpactwasimmediateandfar-reaching:theuseofDDTwasbannedandtheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)wasestablishedintheUS.它的巨大影響是立刻顯現(xiàn)的和深遠(yuǎn)的：DDT的使用被禁止，環(huán)境保護署(EPA)在美國成立。[例]Smokingisnowbannedinmanyplacesofwork.現(xiàn)在許多工作場所禁止吸煙。[知識拓展](1)bansth. 禁止(做)某事bansb.from(doing)sth. 禁止(某人)做某事(2)abanon/againststh. 對……的禁令place/put...underaban 禁止……[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Chemicalweaponsarebanned(ban)internationally.②Theyarebannedfromswimming(swim)intheriver.③Thereisabanon/againstsmokinginallindoorpublicplaces.④Thenewrulehasput/placedsmokingunderaban.[名師點津]“禁止某人做某事”的表達：bansb.fromdoinghibitsb.fromdoingsth.forbidsb.fromdoingsth.forbidsb.todosth.eq\a\vs4\al(知識要點4)launchn．推出，發(fā)起(教材P69)SilentSpringwasthereforeregardedasamilestoneinthelaunchofthegreenmovementintheWesternworld.《寂靜的春天》因此被視為西方發(fā)起綠色運動的里程碑。[例]Thelaunchoftheirnewmachinesinthisfactoryreceivedmuchmediacoverage.這個工廠投產(chǎn)的新機器廣獲傳媒報道。[知識拓展](1)thelaunchof (火箭)的發(fā)射；(船)下水；(新產(chǎn)品) 投產(chǎn)(2)launchinto (積極熱情地)開始，著手launchout 開創(chuàng)，啟動(新而難的事)[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Shelaunchedintoanexplanationofhowthemachineworked.②She'sdecidedshehasenoughexperiencetolaunchoutonherown.③Sheissigningcopiesofherbookattheofficiallaunch.SentencePatterneq\a\vs4\al(重點句式)more...than...與其說……倒不如說……(教材P69)Somealsosaidthatherworkwasmoreemotionalthanscientific.還有一些人說她的作品過于情感化，科學(xué)性并不強。句式分析：句中more...than...意思為“與其說……倒不如說……”；另外，此結(jié)構(gòu)意思還可以是“比……多，比……更”。[例1]Thebookseemstobemoreadictionarythanoneongrammar.與其說這是本語法書，倒不如說是一本詞典。[例2]Itismorealyricthanafolkstory.與其說這是個民間故事，不如說是首抒情詩。[造句]眾所周知，行動比語言更有力度。Asweallknow，actionsaremorepowerfulthanwords.[知識拓展](1)nomore...than... 與……一樣不notmore...than... 不如；不及(2)morethan 超過；不止morethanone＋單數(shù)名詞，意為“不止一個……”，在語意上雖為復(fù)數(shù)，但作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。[即學(xué)即練]完成句子①Thisbookisnotmoredifficultthanthatone.這本書不如那本書難。②He'snomoreabletoreadSpanishthanIam.他和我都不懂西班牙語。③Heismorethanawriter;heisalsoaprofessor.他不僅僅是位作家，還是一名教授。詞義猜測題[方法技巧]詞義猜測題主要考查學(xué)生猜測文章中某個生詞、短語或詞塊的含義，或考查該詞(塊)能被哪個單詞、短語或詞塊代替。此外，也會涉及某一個熟詞在不同語境中的不同含義。解題關(guān)鍵詞義猜測主要是從“已知”得出“未知”，即利用上下文的已知部分(尤其是該詞語前后的內(nèi)容)進行推理，有時還需要依靠常識和經(jīng)驗來猜測。[例文]ButthissummerIfindmyselfataloss.I'mnotquiteinterestedinBalzac，say，or“TristramShandy”．There'salwaysWarandPeace,whichI'vecoveredsomedistanceseveraltimes，onlytogetboggeddowninthe“War”part，setitasideforawhile，andrealizethatIhavetostartoverfromthebeginningagain，havingforgotteneveryone'snameandsocialrank.Howappealingtosimplyfallbackonafavorite—oncemoreinto“TheWaves”or“Justine”，whichfeelsalmostlikecheating，tooexcitingandtoomuchfuntoproperlybelonginseriousliterature.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“getboggeddown”mean?A．Getconfused.B．Becarriedaway.C．Beinterrupted.D．Makenoprogress.D[詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句“coveredsomedistanceseveraltimes”和“setitasideforawhile”及讀后的結(jié)果“havingforgotteneveryone'snameandsocialrank”可知，作者在讀戰(zhàn)爭部分時幾次合上書，把書放一邊，句中畫線詞指的是陷入困境，停滯不前，沒有進展。與Makenoprogress同義，故選D。][即學(xué)即練]AEducationtakestime.Wecouldinsistthateveryonestudyfull-timeuntiltheageof45butthatwouldsurelybetoomuch.Andperhapshalfthepopulationstudyinguntilthey're21isalsotoomuch.Asforuniversities，theyconsumefinancialandintellectualresources—perhapsthoseresourcesmightbebetterspentelsewhere.What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“consume”？A．Use. B．Provide.C．Delight. D．Raise.A[詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Educationtakestime.”可知，教育要占用時間，再結(jié)合畫線詞后的“financialandintellectualresources”可知，大學(xué)占用大量財政和智力資源，由此可知畫線詞意為“占用、使用”，故A項正確。]BButayearagowhenmyrelationshipwithmywifeandcareertookahit，IneededmydadtopullbackthecurtainsoIcouldseehimasrealandaccessible.Iwasfacingseriousproblems，andIwantedtoknowwhetherhehadfacedthembeforeandhowhehadfoundhisway，becauseIfeltlikeIhadlostmine.Indesperation，itoccurredtomethatsendinganemailmightbethekey，soIwrotehimone，tellinghimaboutmyregretsandfears，andIaskedhimtoanswer，ifhefeltlikeit.Theunderlinedpartcanbebestreplacedby．A．drawthecurtainB．becomemoreoptimisticC．showhistrueselfD．clearthemisunderstandingC[詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Butayearagowhenmyrelationshipwithmywifeandcareertookahit，IneededmydadtopullbackthecurtainsoIcouldseehimasrealandaccessible.”但一年前，當(dāng)我與妻子和事業(yè)的關(guān)系受到打擊時，我需要父親拉開帷幕，讓我看到他是真實的、平易近人的可推知，需要父親拉開帷幕則意為“展示真實的自己”。故C選項正確。]CTheglobalfiguresrevealthateventheAmericansputBritaintoshamewhenitcomesto