高三英語第一輪復(fù)習(xí)第六十講英語主謂一致專題復(fù)習(xí)岳陽外國語學(xué)校黃祥兵課堂重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容介紹本節(jié)課主要講解英語中主謂一致的基本概念，以及如何辨別主語的單復(fù)數(shù)形式，從而確定謂語動詞的形式。同時配有相應(yīng)的例句和高考題講解，以幫助學(xué)生靈活掌握這一重要語法知識。英語中的主謂一致在英語中，句子的主語必須和謂語保持一致。當(dāng)句子的主語是復(fù)數(shù)時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；當(dāng)主語是單數(shù)形式是，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如：1)Theygotoschoolbybuseveryday.2)Johngoestoschoolbybikeeveryday.如何判斷主語的單復(fù)數(shù)形式呢？請看下面的規(guī)則：I.由and連接的名詞作主語時:1.由and連接的兩個不同概念的名詞作主語時，動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)：例如：

BothyouandIaregoingtoattendthemeeting.WhenhewillgotoBJandhowhewillgotoBJhavenotbeendecidedyet.2.如果后面加作為插入語，謂語也用

單數(shù)形式。例如：

1)Black,andnotMary,waschosenmonitor.2)She,andnotyou,isgoingtospeakatthemeeting.3)Allwork,andnoplay,hasmadeyouafool.3.以manya或morethanone修飾的單數(shù)名詞后面的謂語用單數(shù)形式，但其意義是復(fù)數(shù)性的。e.g.Manyaboyisfondofplayingfootball.Morethanonestudentenjoysfolk-music.注：在以each，every，no修飾的并列主語中的兩個名詞前不能加冠詞。如果并列的兩個名詞前分別加定冠詞變成復(fù)數(shù)概念，此時，放在后面作同位語，動詞仍用復(fù)數(shù)形式。e.g.Theboyandthegirlwereeachgivenanapple.4.當(dāng)and連接的為同一人、事或概念時，這時and后的名詞前沒有冠詞，其動詞用單數(shù)：e.g.Thesingerandcomposeriscomingtoourschool.Breadandbutterisoftenservedforbreakfast.PorkandChinesecabbageisoneofmyfavoritedishes.

常見的由and連接的指一個概念的有：theneedleandthread,saltandwater,thefolkandknife,soapandwater,ironandsteel，awatchandchain,thebreadandbutter,truthandhonesty,acupandsaucer（茶托）等。II.當(dāng)主語后面接說明主語的

修飾詞或插入語時：謂語動詞的數(shù)不受修飾成分的影響，仍與主語一致。常見的有：with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,like,nolessthan,ratherthan,morethan,asmuchas,but,except,besides,including等。e.g.Bamboo,likeatree,growstallandstraight.Thehouse,includingthegardenandthegarage,wassoldout.III.當(dāng)集合名詞做主語時：根據(jù)句子內(nèi)容，謂語動詞既可是單數(shù)，也可是復(fù)數(shù)。常用人的集合名詞有：group,class,team,family,nation,army,audience,crowd,public,governmente.g.Myfamilyisahappyfamily.Myfamilyalllovemusic./Theaudiencewasingoodorder.(指整體狀態(tài)).Theaudienceweregreatlyencouraged.(指具體的人)注：有些集合名詞如people、cattle等在任何情況下都與復(fù)數(shù)形式搭配。IV.就近原則：

以連詞or，either…or，nor，neither…nor，notonly…but(also)...連接的名詞或代詞作主語時，謂語與其相鄰的保持一致。

e.g.Amongtheboys,oneortwoareabletojump1.6metres.Thereisabed,atableandtwochairsinherroom.

V.以某些“不定代詞或表示數(shù)量的詞+of+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，謂語形式要與of后邊的名詞保持一致。70percentofthesurfaceiscoveredwithwater.70percentofthefarmershaveimprovedtheirlivingconditions.Therestofhisjourneywaspleasant.Therestofthegirlsarefondofmusic.Allofyourworkiswelldone.Allofyouranswersarecorrect.注意1.oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+（單）謂語，如：

Oneofthestudentsisfromthesouth.2.oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語從句（從句動詞用復(fù)數(shù)），如：Heisoneoftheboyswhoarereadytohelpothers.3.the(only)oneof+名詞（復(fù)數(shù)）+定語從句，從句中謂語動詞用單數(shù)，表示眾多中只有一個，如：Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhocomesearly.4.anumberof和thenumberofe.g.Thenumberofthestudentsintheschoolis1,250./Anumberofstudentsarewaitingoutsidethegate.VI.“the+adj.(分詞或數(shù)詞)”結(jié)構(gòu)起名詞作用時：

如果這個結(jié)構(gòu)表示的是一類人，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如果這個結(jié)構(gòu)表示抽象概念（或具體的某個人），謂語用單數(shù)形式。e.g.Theoldarebeingtakengoodcareof.Thereisanoldmanandayoungmanintheroomnow.Theoldisthefatheroftheyoung.Theunexpectedwasnotpreventedinthosedays.VII.表示重量、距離、金錢、一段時間及由oneandahalf修飾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式：e.g.Twentydollarsisn’tenoughtobuythebook.Tenmilesisn’tlong.Fivetimesfiveistwenty-five.Oneandahalfapplesislyingontheplate.1.Doyouknow_____________.A.whatisthepolicelookingforB.whatarethepolicelookingforC.whatthepolicearelookingforD.whatthepoliceislookingfor2._____he______Ifinishedtheexperiment?A.Haveneither/norB.Hasneither/norC.Haveneither/orD.Haveeither/orCB試試看3.Theold____welllookedafterbythegovernmentinChina.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.was4.Thesecretaryandmanager_____verybusynow.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.wereBA

5.Boththesecretaryandthemanager________agreedtoattendthemeeting.A.hasB.haveC.areD.is6.Duringtheholidayseverytrainandship______crowded.A.areB.wereC.wasD.has7.Tomaswellastwoofhisclassmates_____invitedtotheparty.A.wasB.wereC.havebeenD.hadbeen8.Mostofhissparetime_____spentinreading.A.areB.wereC.wasD.havebeenBCAC9.Tenthousanddollars______quitealargesum.A.areB.isC.hasD.have10.About20percentofthework______doneyesterday.A.areB.isC.wereD.was11.TheUnitedStates_____foundedin1776.A.wasB.isC.wereD.areBDA12.Thispairofshoes_____madeinourfactory.A.isB.areC.havebeenD.hadbeen13.Nooneexceptmyparents_____anythingaboutit.A.knowB.knowsC.isknowingD.haveknown14.Anumberofstudents______fromthesouth.A.areB.isC.haveD.has15.Thenumberofstudentsfromthesouth_____small.A.areB.isC.haveD.hasABAB16.Johnistheonlyoneofthestudentsinourclasswho____toschoolonfoot.A.goB.goesC.havegoneD.aregoing17.ItisnotIwho______wrong.A.isB.areC.amD.hasbeen18.Hesaidthathisfamily____allverywell.A.areB.wereC.isD.was19.Oneandahalfapples_______onthetable.A.isleavingB.isleftC.areleftD.left20.Where____thatfivepoundsIlentyou?A.isB.haveC.wasD.wereBCBBA21."I"_____theninthletteroftheEnglishalphabet.A.areB.beC.isD.am22.Sixtimesseven______forty-two.A.areB.isC.haveD.was23.TheUnitedStates_____madeupof50states,oneofwhich______Kentucky.A.is/areB.is/isC.are/isD.are/are24.Thepopulationofthecity______increasingfast.A.wereB.beC.isD.areCBBC25.Onethirdofthepopulationhere_______workers.