Lesson43OvertheSouthPoleLesson431can/can’t/could/couldn’tIcandancethedisco.Ican’tperformballet.Icouldrowaboatoneyearago.Icouldn’tswimwhenIwasfour.flykites/makemodelplanes/takephotos/singEnglishsongs.Reviewcan/can’t/could/couldn’tRevi2Firstlistenandthenanswerthequestion.Firstlistenandthenanswert3聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。

Howwastheplaneabletoclearthemountains?TheAmericanexplorerorderedhismentothrowouttwoheavyfoodsackssotheplaneroseto10000feet.聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。TheAmericanexpl4Newwordsandexpressions生詞和短語polen.（地球的）極flightn.飛行explorern.探險家liev.處于seriousadj.嚴重的pointn.地點seemv.似乎crashv.墜毀sackn.袋子clearv.越過aircraftn.飛機endlessadj.無盡的plainn.平原Newwordsandexpressions生詞和短5Askandanswer:1.WhendidthemansuccessfullyflyovertheSouthPoleforthefirsttime?2.WhosuccessfullyflewovertheSouthpoleforthefirsttime

?3.Wouldtheplanecrash?4.Howdidtheyclearthemountain?5.WhydidByrdnowknowthathewouldbeabletoreachtheSouthPole?6.Wasthereanydifficulties?Askandanswer:1.Whendidthe6

In1929,threeyearsafterhisflightovertheNorthPole,theAmericanexplorer,R.E.Byrd,successfullyflewovertheSouthPoleforthefirsttime.Though,atfirst,Byrdandhismenwereabletotakeagreatmanyphotographsofthemountainsthatlaybelow,theysoonranintoserioustrouble.Atonepoint,itseemedcertainthattheirplanewouldcrash.In1929,threeyearsafterhi7Itcouldonlygetoverthemountainsifitroseto10,000feet.Byrdatonceorderedhismentothrowouttwoheavyfoodsacks.Theplanewasthenabletoriseanditclearedthemountainsby400feet.ByrdnowknewthathewouldbeabletoreachtheSouthPolewhichwas300milesaway,fortherewerenomoremountainsinsight.Theaircraftwasabletoflyovertheendlesswhiteplainswithoutdifficulty.Itcouldonlygetoverthemou8can"Can"isoneofthemostcommonlyusedmodalverbsinEnglish.Itcanbeusedtoexpressabilityoropportunity,torequestorofferpermission,andtoshowpossibilityorimpossibility.Examples:Icanrideahorse.ability

WecanstaywithmybrotherwhenweareinParis.opportunity

Shecannotstayoutafter10PM.permission

Canyouhandmethestapler?request

Anychildcangrowuptobepresident.possibility

can"Can"isoneofthemost9Could"Could"isusedtoexpresspossibilityorpastabilityaswellastomakesuggestionsandrequests."Could"isalsocommonlyusedinconditionalsentencesastheconditionalformof"can."Examples:Extremeraincouldcausetherivertofloodthecity.possibility

Nancycouldskilikeaprobytheageof11.pastability

Youcouldseeamovieorgoouttodinner.suggestion

CouldIuseyourcomputertoemailmyboss?request

WecouldgoonthetripifIdidn'thavetoworkthisweekend.conditional

"Could"cannotbeusedinpositivesentencesinwhichyoudescribeamomentaryorone-timeability.e.g.Yesterday,Icouldliftthecouchbymyself.NotCorrect

Could"Could"isusedtoex10比較can和be

able

to表示成功地做了某事時，只能用was/were

able

to，

不能用could。He

could

swim

halfway

before

he

got

tired.

(notcorrect)

He

was

able

to

swim

halfway

before

he

got

tired.(correct)

can用于表示“能力”時是指現(xiàn)在的能力，過去或?qū)淼哪芰νǔＳ脀as/were

able

to或will/shall

be

able

to表示。

比較can和be

able

to表示成功地做了某事時，只能用11Sumupthelanguagepoints習慣用語:dancethedisco/performballet/takephotos/wordout/take…to…/rowaboat/begoodat/singsongs/flyakite/makemodelplanes/beinhospital/haveagoodtime語法知識:情態(tài)動詞:can/can’tSumupthelanguagepoints習慣用語12【Newwordsandexpressions】生詞和短語

★polen.（地球的）極

SouthPole南極

NorthPole北極

PoleStar北極星【Newwordsandexpressions】生詞13★liev.處于

tellalie撒謊

lien.謊言;liev.撒謊Eg.:Youlied.You,liar!

lie,lied,lied撒謊

lie/lai/,lay/lei/,lain/lein/處于,位于

stayinbed/lieinbed躺在床上

inbed介詞短語,lievi.

lie現(xiàn)在分詞-->lying

layv.放,放置;layanegg下一個蛋

layvt.laysth.放,放置

lay,laid,laid★liev.處于

tellalie撒謊

lien14★explorern.探險家

explorev.探險

explorationn.(科研相關(guān))探險,探求,開發(fā)

adventuren.冒險(追求刺激)

venturen.冒險(為了財富,沒有生命保障)★explorern.探險家

explorev.探險

15★seemv.似乎，看起來seem+asif看起來似乎……他看起來似乎以前從來沒有在英國居住過。HeseemsasifhehadneverlivedinEnglandbefore.seem+adj.他看起來很有錢。Heseemsrich.seemtobeHeseemstoberich.seemthat…看起來似乎……Itseemsthatheisrich.★seemv.似乎，看起來16★clearv.越過(凌空、不接觸地)越過,跳過，沒有接觸面的飛躍飛躍山峰clearthemountain那匹馬越過了柵欄Thehorseclearedthefence.overadv.越過(距離)goover飛躍★plainn.平原plaingirl平凡的女孩★clearv.越過17③lay是動詞lie的過去式。表示“處于什么位置”。lie與lay的區(qū)別：（1）lie作“躺，臥、處于（位置）”解時，過去式為：lay,過去分詞為：lain；（2）lie作“撒謊”解時，過去式為：lied,過去分詞為：lied；（3）lay可作“放，擺，擱；產(chǎn)卵”解，其過去式和過去分詞均為：laid【例】Thebooksstill_____whereI_____themamonthago.A:lie,laidB:lay,laid

C:lied,lainDlain,lied此題選B。這句話的意思是：上個月前我“放”在那的書現(xiàn)在還“躺”在那里。③lay是動詞lie的過去式。表示“處于什么位置”。18★pointn.地點

point點,一般指從飛機上向下看的點

地點place,spot

dot點

@->at★pointn.地點

point點,一般指從飛機上向下19★seemv.似乎

seem+asif

seem+adv.

seemtobe

seemthat...

Eg.:Heseemsrich.

Heseemstoberich.

Itseemsthatheisrich.

itseemsthat...看起來似乎...

seemasif看起來似乎

Eg.:HeseemsasifhehadneverlivedinEnglandbefore.★seemv.似乎

seem+asif

seem20★crashv.墜毀

crash(從上向下掉)

aircrash空難

strike撞擊

clash撞擊,沖突★clearv.越過

over越過(距離)

clear(凌空)越過

goover飛躍

clearthemountain飛躍山峰

Thehorseclearedthefense.★crashv.墜毀

crash(從上向下掉)

airc21★plainn.平原

mountains高山

plaingirl平凡的女孩

Eg.:I'maplaingirl.★plainn.平原

mountains高山

plai22課文講解1、In1929,threeyearsafterhisflightovertheNorthPole,theAmericanexplorer,R.E.Byrd,successfullyflewovertheSouthPoleforthefirsttime.forthefirsttime第一次time表示“次，回”，還可以說thistime，lasttime，nexttime，anothertime，eachtime，forthelasttime我最后一次提醒你，如果你不快點，你就會趕不上火車的。Iremindyouforthelasttimethatifyoudon’thurry,you’llmissthetrain.下次你見到他的時候，把這些照片給他。Givehimthesephotosnexttimeyouseehim.課文講解1、In1929,threeyearsaft23（1）這句話包含兩個同位語。threeyearsafter…為1929的同位語，作插入性的補充說明；R．E．Byrd作theAmericanexplorer的同位語。（1）這句話包含兩個同位語。threeyearsafte242、Though,atfirst,Byrdandhismenwereabletotakeagreatmanyphotographsofthemountainsthatlaybelow,theysoonranintoserioustrouble.連詞though引導讓步狀語從句，其含義是“雖然……，盡管……”。它永遠不與but連用。can...可能性（只用于現(xiàn)在式和過去式）beableto...可能性,成功地做（可用于各種時態(tài)）takeaphotographof…拍……的照片在他離開家之前，他給他的房子照了張照片。Hetookaphotographofhishousebeforehelefthome.runintotrouble=getintotrouble遇到麻煩，陷入困境每次他遇到困難了，他都向父母尋求幫助。Eachtimeheranintotrouble,heaskedhisparentsforhelp.2、Though,atfirst,Byrdandh253、Atonepoint,itseemedcertainthattheirplanewouldcrash.atonepoint在某一地方，在某一時刻（point也指時間上的某一點）他曾一度下決心要當個畫家。

Atonepoint,hemadeuphismindtobecomeapainter.it為先行主語，真正的主語為that引導的從句。it作先行主語時經(jīng)常與seem，appear，look等連用：現(xiàn)在似乎可以肯定會議將被推遲。

Itnowlookscertainthatthemeetingisgoingtobeputoff.3、Atonepoint,itseemedcert264、Itcouldonlygetoverthemountainsifitroseto10,000feet.riseto…上升至……5、Theplanewasthenabletoriseanditclearedthemountainsby400feet.by表示“相差，以……之差”的意思我晚了10分鐘，沒趕上火車。

Imissedthetrainbytenminutes.他比我小兩歲。

Heisyoungerthanmebytwoyears.4、Itcouldonlygetoverthem27…fortherewerenomoremountainsinsight.……因為前面再沒有山了。for表示“因為”。

insight表示“在看得見的范圍內(nèi)”、“在可看見之處”：Nomanwasinsight.一個人也看不見?！璮ortherewerenomoremounta28Can和beableto的區(qū)別can與beableto用法上的區(qū)別

口語中,can與beableto在用法上既有相同的一方面,又有不同的地方,這是應(yīng)該引起注意的。當它們表示能力的時候，是同義的。如：

Hecanspeaktwoforeignlanguages.

Heisabletospeaktwoforeignlanguages.Can和beableto的區(qū)別can與beable29表示過去通過努力終于做成了某事要用beableto，而不能用can。如：

Iwasabletoswimtothebankaftertheboatturnedover.

can和beableto都可以表示能力.can泛指一般的能力,而且只有兩種形式,即:can,could．beableto則主要指具體做到了某件事的能力，其形式主要是靠be發(fā)生變化，所以形式比can多．可以說：Icanswim.Iamabletoswim.但是不能說：Allthepeoplecouldescapefromthebigfireintime.只能說：Allthepeoplewereabletoescapefromthefireintime.表示過去通過努力終于做成了某事要用beableto，而不30can能表猜測，beableto不能。can的這種用法主要用于疑問句和否定句。

Somebodyisknockingatthedoor.Whocanitbe?

Itcan’tbeourteacherwhoisknockingatthedoor.

其肯定形式是mustbe。如:

Itmustbeourteacherwhoisknockingatthedoor.can能表猜測，beableto不能。can的這種用法主31.beableto后邊接動詞不定式表示一種實際情況時，其否定形式不是benotableto，而是cannot。如：

Wereyouabletocatchthefirstbusyesterdaymorning?

No,Icouldn’t.

7.一般說來,beableto后邊的動詞不定式?jīng)]有被動語態(tài)。如:

I’msureheisabletocorrecthismistakesingrammar.

不說:*I’msurehismistakesareabletobecorrectedbyhim..beableto后邊接動詞不定式表示一種實際情況時32美國探險家R·E·伯德在飛越北極3年之后，于1929年第1次飛越了南極。（1）這句話包含兩個同位語。threeyearsafter…為1929的同位語，作插入性的補充說明；R．E．Byrd作theAmericanexplorer的同位語。（2）forthefirsttime表示“第一次”，time在這里表示“次”、“回”，還可以說thistime,lasttime,nexttime,anothertime,eachtime,forthelasttime等：Iremindyouforthelasttimethatifyoudon'thurry,you'llmissthetrain.我最后一次提醒你，如果不快點，你會誤了火車的。Givehimthesephotosnexttimeyouseehim.下次你見到他時把這些相片給他。美國探險家R·E·伯德在飛越北極3年之后，于1929年第133

雖然開始時伯德和他的助手們拍下了飛機下面連綿群山的大量照片，但他們很快就陷入了困境。（1）連詞though引導的是讓步狀語從句，其含義為“雖然……”、“盡管……”。這個從句中的時間狀語atfirst被單獨用逗號隔開了，它如果按正常的詞序應(yīng)放在從句的末尾，但有可能會引起誤解。（2）atfirst與主句中的soon形成時間上的照應(yīng)，表示先后次序。（3）takeaphotographof表示“拍……的照片”：Hetookaphotographofhishousebeforehelefthome.他離家前給他家的房子拍了一張照片。（4）thatlaybelow為themountains的定語從句，that為從句的主語。（5）runintotrouble的含義與getintotrouble相似，表示“陷入困境”：Eachtimeheranintotrouble,heaskedhisparentsforhelp.每當他陷入困境時，他都向他父母求助。雖然開始時伯德和他的助手們拍下了飛機下面連綿群山的大量照片34在有個地方，飛機似乎肯定要墜毀了。（1）atonepoint在此處可以解釋為“在有個地方”，但它通常的含義為“在某一時刻”，point指時間上的某一點：Atonepoint,hemadeuphismindtobecomeapainter.他曾一度下決心要當個畫家。（2）it為“先行主語”，真正的主語為that引導的從句。it作先行主語時經(jīng)常與seem，appear，look等連用：Itnowlookscertainthatthemeetingisgoingtobeputoff.現(xiàn)在似乎可以肯定會議將被推遲。在有個地方，飛機似乎肯定要墜毀了。355．…itclearedthemountainsby

400feet.……它在離山頭400英尺的高度飛越了過去。clear在這里表示“（不接觸地）越過”：Hecleared2.10metres.他跳過了2.10米。by表示“以……之差”：Imissedthetrainbytenminutes.我晚了10分鐘，沒趕上火車。Heisyoungerthanmebytwoyears.他比我小兩歲。5．…itclearedthemountainsb36…fortherewerenomoremountainsinsight.……因為前面再沒有山了。for表示“因為”。insight表示“在看得見的