英國(guó)概況1英國(guó)概況1Chapter1GeneralIntroductiontoPhysiographicalFeaturesoftheUKTheLocationsoftheUKThePhysiographicalFeaturesoftheUKRiversandMountainsClimateandweatherPopulationTheMajorCitiesExercisesandAnswers2Chapter1GeneralIntroductiFocusquestionsWhatisthefullnameoftheBritishstate?Whatcountriesdoesitconsistof?WhatisthetotalpopulationoftheUnitedKingdom?WheredomostBritishpeoplelive?WhatisthemostdenselypopulatedareaofBritain?Whatistheleastpopulated?WhatarethemajorcitiesinBritain?

3FocusquestionsWhatisthefulThreeterms

BritishIslesBritainGreatBritainTwolargeislandsseveralsmallonesTheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.England,WalesScotland4ThreetermsThecomplicatedfullnameoftheUKTheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandFourparts:EnglandScotlandWalesNorthernIrelandUnionJack5ThecomplicatedfullnameoftThemapoftheUK6The6ThelocationoftheUKBritainissituatedinwesternEuropeandisseparatedfromtheEuropeancontinentbytheNorthSea,theStraitofDoverandtheEnglishChannel.Itisaninsularcountry.Itscoastlineruns12,429km,Itisoneof

thecountrieswithlongestcoastline.TothewestofitliestheAtlanticOcean,acrossandbeyonditisAmerica.7ThelocationoftheUKBritainThePhysiographicalFeaturesoftheUKVariedlandscapeFlatlandsinEnglandMountainsinScoltlandandWales8ThePhysiographicalFeaturesoEngland9England9EnglandAflatlandcountry,alsocalledLowlandzonePennines:thebackboneofEnglandLakedistrictHighlyurbanized-80%ofpopulationlivingincities-only2%workinginagriculturePhysicallylargestwithlargestpopulationDominancein:size/culture/economy-takeEnglandforUK

10EnglandAflatlandcountry,alsLakeDistrictascenicspotinNorthWestEnglandApopularholidaydestinationbeingfamousforitslakesanditsmountainsitsassociationswiththeearly19thcenturypoetryandwritingsofWilliamWordsworth

andotherpoets.11LakeDistrictascenicspotinNWilliamWordswortharomanticpoetappointedpoetlaureatein1843LivingintheLakedistrictafter1797（1770—1850）12WilliamWordswortharomScotland13Scotland13Scotland

Amountainouscountrythreenaturalzones:TheHighlandsinthenorththecentralLowlandsthesouthernUplandsBenNevis:thehighestmountainintheUKAcountryofcastles14Scotland14ThehighlandsinScotland：sparselypopulated,withmanymountainrangesdominatingtheregion,andincludingthehighestmountainintheBritishIsles,BenNevisThefilm:BraveHeart

15ThehighlandsinScotland：15BenNevis(1343metershigh)16BenNevis(1343metershigh)16AirthcastleA14thcenturycastle,

aspaandaScottishcastleaccommodation,oneofthemostpopularplacesforScottishcastleweddings.

17AirthcastleA14thcenturycasStirlingcastleabout30milesfromGlasgowand40milesfromEdinburghAlonghistory,animportantfortificationandthesiteofmanysiegesandbattles,

standingoutforitsimposinglocationandstoriedhistory

18Stirlingcastleabout30milesWales19Wales19Walesamountainouscountry

inthewestofGreatBritain.takeinguplessthan9%ofthewholeisland.20Wales20NorthernIrelandSmallestamongthefournationsinBritainMostlyrural,lowhills,beautifullakeinthesouth-west,ruggedcoastline21NorthernIrelandSmallestamongGiant’scauseway(巨人之路)(1)The8thNaturalWonderoftheWorld(suburbofBelfast)，Sixtymillionyearsago22Giant’scauseway(巨人之路)(1)TheGiant’sCauseway（2）-astretchofbasalticrockpillarsweatheredtodifferentheightsandpresentingasteppedsurfaceonthenorthcoastofNorthernIreland.37,000columnsformedbycoolinglava.-legend:FinnMaCoolbuiltittocrosstheseatoScotland23Giant’sCauseway（2）23Giant’scauseway（3）Prodigiousskills(鬼斧神工)ofNature:24Giant’scauseway（3）ProdigiousClimateandWeatherAmaritimetypeofclimate:rainy,changeableandunpredictablerarelyrisingabove32℃insummerorfallsbelow–10℃inwinter.mildwintersandcoolsummers25ClimateandWeatherAmaritimePopulationThetotalpopulation:about62000000(2009)Highlyurbanized:80%livingincitiesand20%livinginthecourysideThemostdenselypopulatedarea:EnglandTheleastpopulatedarea:NorthernIrelandAmultiracialsocietywhichproducesapopulationofwhich1in20areofnon-Europeanethnicity.Theofficiallanguage:English26PopulationThetotalpopulationMountainsandRiversPennines:Chiefmountainranges:theCambrianstheGrampiainsTheGrampians:thelargestmountianrangeintheUK27MountainsandRiversBenNevis:thehighestmountainintheUK

28BenNevis:thehighestmountai

ThelongestriverinEngland:RiverSevern（220

miles，354

km)NEWSEVERNBRIDGE:thelongestbridgeintheUK,connectingWalesandEngland

29ThelongestriverNEWSEVEAnimportantriverinBritain:

RiverThames

thesecondlongestriverintheUnitedKingdomandthelongestriverentirelyinEnglandbestkownforflowingthroughcentralLondonitsstrategicpositionatthecentreofmanyeventsinBritishhistoryamajorleisureareasupportingtourismandpleasureoutingsaswellasthesportsofrowing,sailing.aspecialappealtowriters,artists,musiciansandfilm-makersandiswellrepresentedintheartsmanyriversideattractions:LondonEye,towerofLondon,HouseofParliament,etc.30AnimportantriverinBritain:31313232DescriptionofRiverThamesbyT.S.Eliot(1888-1965)SweetThamesrunsoftly,tillIendmysong.Theriverbearsnoemptybottles,sandwichpapers,Silkhandkerchiefs,cardboardboxescigaretteendsOrothertestimonyofsummernights.andTheriversweatsOilandtarThebargesdriftWiththeturningtideRedsailsWideToleeward,swingontheheavyspar,ThebargeswashDriftinglogsDownGreenwichreachPasttheIsleofDogs33DescriptionofRiverThamesbyMajorcitiesLondonLiverpoolCardiffBelfast34MajorcitiesLondon34London-seatofgovernment-centerofculture-businesscenter-industrialcenter-largestpopulation-hometoallmedia-galleries,theatres,museums-combiningfunctionsofNewYork,Washington&LosAngeles-Oneofthefourleaingcitiesintheworld:NewYork,Paris,Tokyo35London-seatofgovernment35LondonThecapital,thelargestportandthelargestcityinBritainTheCityofLondon+InnerLondon+OuterLondon=GreaterLondonThecommercialcenter:theWestEndThepoliticalcenter:theCityofWebminster(Downingstreet,BuckinghamPalace)Theculturalcenter:LondonUniversity(thebiggest)ThecenterofLaborMovement(Chartism)憲章運(yùn)動(dòng)TheOlympicsgamestobeheldherein201236LondonThecapital,thelargestTheLondonEyeaheightof135

metres(443

ft),thelargestFerriswheelinEuropethemostpopularpaidtouristattractionintheUnitedKingdom,37TheLondonEyeaheightof135

BigBenthelargestfour-facedchimingclock,thethird-tallestfree-standingclocktowerintheworld,Itscelebrationofits150thanniversaryinMay200938BigBen38TowerBridgeaniconicsymbolofLondon

Carries–motorvehicles,cyclists,pedestriansCrossesThamesTotallength244

metres(801

ft)Opened30June189439TowerBridgeaniconicsymboloWestministerAbbeyalarge,mainlyGothicchurch,inWestminster,LondonthetraditionalplaceofcoronationandburialsiteformonarchsofCommonwealthRealms

40WestministerAbbeyalarge,maiTrafalgarsquareasquareincentralLondonatouristattraction41Trafalgarsquare41WaterloobridgeTube/subway42WaterloobridgeTube/subway42WaterlooBridge43WaterlooBridge43WaterlooBridgeStarring:VivienLeigh,RobertTaylor

DirectedbyMervynLeRoy.

ProducedbySidneyFranklin

Synopsis

BasedontheplaybyPulitzerPrize-winningplaywrightRobertE.Sherwood,WATERLOOBRIDGEstarsVivienLeighasMyra,ashyballerinawhoselifeisirrevocablyalteredinwar-tornLondon.It'sloveatfirstsightwhenMyrameetshandsome,aristocraticBritishofficerRoyCronin(RobertTaylor)inthemidstofanairraid.Thecouplesoonplanstowed,butCroniniscalledtothefront,andshortlythereafteranewspaperreportshisdeath.Forcedoutofballetschool,aloneanddestitute,Myraturnstoprostitution.Whenshediscoversthatthenewspaperreportwasinaccurate,MyraisunabletotellCroninaboutherprofessionallife,andtragedyensues...This10-handkerchiefweeperwasdirectedbyMervynLeRoy.JosephRuttenberg`sphotographyisbeautiful,asistheinspiredsoundtrackbyHerbertStothart(THEWIZARDOFOZ),butwhatmakesWATERLOOBRIDGEisLeigh`sstunningperformanceandtheveryrealchemistrybetweenherandRobertTaylor.

44WaterlooBridgeStarring:VivieSTPaul’sCathedralanAnglicancathedraltheseatoftheBishopofLondon

oneofLondon'smostfamousandmostrecognisablesights

45STPaul’sCathedral45EdinburghthecapitalcityofScotlandeconomiccenterofScotlandatouristcitysecondonlytoLondoninU.K.aculturalcity，holdinganinternationalfestivalofmusicandtheartseveryyear

46EdinburghthecapitalcityofSThenewcityofEdinburgh47ThenewcityofEdinburgh47EdiburghcastleThesymbolofEdiburghsituatedonamoundofvolcanicrockoneofScotland'soldestcastles,unequalledinthewholeoftheBritishIslesaremarkablefortress,thehistoricalinterestofandformerroyalresidence,visitedann