學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精PAGE25-版權(quán)所有@高考資源網(wǎng)學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精2020--——-2021學(xué)年度上學(xué)期東營天立學(xué)校高三年級(jí)1月調(diào)研金考卷(二)時(shí)間：100分鐘分?jǐn)?shù):150分第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)（共5小題：每小題1。5分，滿分7。5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有1。秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1。WhatdoesKatedecidetodonext？A。Callherdad。B。Gobackhome.C.Catchthebus。2。Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout？A。Gettingairtickets.B.Makingaholidayplan。C。SeeingtheChristmasshow.3.Whatdoesthemanwanttoputonthecake？A。Somechocolate。B。Somestrawberries。C。Someicecream.4.Whywillthewomangototheuniversity？A.Totakeaclass。B.Tomeetsomefriends.C.Togoforawalkonthecampus.5。Whoseadvicedidthewomanfollow?A.Hermother's.B。Theshopassistant's。C。Hersister's。第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22。5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘；聽完后,各個(gè)小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間.每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍.聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.WithwhomdidHenryvisitthezoo？A。Hisfamily.B.Hisfriends。C。Hisresearchteam.7.HowoldisHenrynow?A.28yearsold.B。38yearsold。C.48yearsold。聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。8。WhyisSteveunwillingtoshoponSaturday?A。Hehastogotowork.B。Hewantstorelaxathome.C。Hewillattendabirthdayparty。9.Whatdoesthewomanwanttobuy?A。Someclothes。B。Anecklace。C。Abirthdaypresent。10.Whichstoredoesthemanwanttogoto？A.Thebutcher'sshop.B.Thejewelryshop。C。Theclothesshop。聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatisthewomanlookingfor？A.Afridge。B.Atoy。C。Aspecialgift.12。Whatdoesthewomandislikeabouttheredone?A.Itsprice.B。Itsquality。C.Itscolor.13.Howmuchdoesthewomanneedtopay？A?！?0。B?！?20。C.8400.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14。Whichtypeofaccommodationdoesthemanchoose?A。Hallsofresidence.B.Collegerentaccommodation。C.Self—cateringaccommodation。15。Wherewillthemanprobablylive?A。Intheresidencehall.B.At10PalmStreet。C.AtWillianRoad。16。Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo？A。Moveinthismonth.B.Makeanearlyapplication。C.Prepareforthecominggraduation。聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhatwasCamilleRobertsinterestedinasachild？A.Medicalresearch。B。Doctors9life.C。Teaching.18.WhatdidRoberts9parentsteachher？AThevalueofahigh-payingjob。B。Thebenefitsofgoodeducation。C.Theimportanceofhelpingothers。19.WhendidRobertsgraduatefromuniversity？A.In2013.B.In2017.C。In2018.20.WheredoesRobertsworknow?A.Ataresearchcenter。B。Atahospital.C。Ataschool。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AOutlookFeaturingthesame6.1—inchdisplaysizeastheiPhone11andiPhoneXRbeforeit,iPhone12ismakingthetransitionfromanLCDscreentoOLED。Withflataluminum（鋁）sidesforanoveralllook，itmorecloselymatchestheiPadProandiPadAir。Asidefromtheflatsides,iPhone12stilllargelyresemblestheiPhone11。Aroundback，ithastwocamerashousedinaglasscircle,whichmakesforanicecontrastwiththerestofthesmoothbackpanel。Toavoidbeingbrokenorcrackedwhendropped,iPhone12iscoveredwithwhatAppledescribesasa"ceramic(陶瓷）shield”。CameraTheiPhone12hasa12—megapixelf/1。6maincamera—thefastestaperture(光圈）inanyiPhoneyet。Thelow-lightperformancehasimproved,anditsadvancementsincomputationalphotographytomaximizedetailanddynamicrangehasalsobeenachieved.ThefrontcameraontheiPhone12isgainingNightMode,aswell。ProcessoriPhone12ispoweredbythecompany'snewA14Bionicprocessor,whichisthefirstsmartphonechipbuiltona5nmprocess，leadingtoimprovedperformanceandefficiency.It'sclaimedthattheprocessorisupto50percentfasterthantheleadingchipsinAndroidsmartphones。WirelessChargingToimprovewirelesschargingontheiPhone12,itcontainsa“MagSafe“systemwithbuilt-inmagnetstoguaranteethattheiPhone12properlylinesupwiththeMagSafeaccessories（配件）。1.WhatisthesizeofiPhone12？A.About6.1—inchasthatofiPhoneMax.B.ThesamesizeasiPadPro。C。BiggerthanthatofiPhone11.D。AsbigasiPhone11。2.What’sthefunctionofthe"MagSafe”system？A.TocarryoutthewiredchargingofiPhone12。B。ToperfectlymatchtheiPadProandiPadAir.C.TomakesuretheiPhone12isrightfortheMagSafeaccessories。D.Toprocesstheinformationinamorerapidway.3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutiPhone12?A。Thereareonlytwocamerasplacedseparatelyinfrontandback。B.ItispoweredbyA14BionicprocessorusedinAndroidsmartphones。C。AllcamerasofiPhone12havetheNightMode。D。Aceramicshieldhelpsprotectagainstbreakingandcracking。4.Whatwouldbethetitleofthepassage？A.iPhone11 B.iPadPro. C。iPadAir. D。iPhone12.【答案】1.D2。C3.D4.D【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了iPhone12手機(jī)的外觀、相機(jī)、處理和無線充電等情況.【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“Featuringthesame6。1—inchdisplaysizeastheiPhone11andiPhoneXRbeforeit，iPhone12ismakingthetransitionfromanLCDscreentoOLED?！保╥Phone12擁有與之前的iPhone11和iPhoneXR相同的6。1英寸顯示屏尺寸，正在從LCD屏幕過渡到OLED。）可知iPhone12的尺寸和iPhone11一樣大,都是6。1英寸。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段“ToimprovewirelesschargingontheiPhone12,itcontainsa“MagSafe“systemwithbuilt-inmagnetstoguaranteethattheiPhone12properlylinesupwiththeMagSafeaccessories（配件）?！保榱烁倪M(jìn)iphone12的無線充電，它包含一個(gè)內(nèi)置磁鐵的“MagSafe”系統(tǒng)，以保證iphone12與MagSafe配件相匹配。）,可知“MagSafe”系統(tǒng)能確保iphone12可以匹配MagSafe配件。故選C項(xiàng).【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“Toavoidbeingbrokenorcrackedwhendropped，iPhone12iscoveredwithwhatAppledescribesasa"ceramic（陶瓷）shield”。”(當(dāng)iPhone12掉落時(shí)，為了避免摔壞或摔裂，iphone12覆蓋了一層被蘋果稱為“陶瓷防護(hù)罩"的材料。），可知iPhone12的陶瓷護(hù)罩有助于防止斷裂和開裂。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。第一段講“iPhone12的外觀”,第二段講“iPhone12的相機(jī)”，第三段講“iPhone12的處理器”,第四段講“iPhone12的無線充電”，全文是對(duì)iPhone12的介紹,D項(xiàng)“iPhone12"為短文最佳標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng).BMyfavoritenovelisAlbertCamus'sThePlague(鼠疫）.Itwaspublishedin1947，afterWordWarII.Onthesurface，it’sastoryaboutanAlgeriancoastaltownthreatenedbyamysteriousplague.Butthesymbolicideaworksontheconcretepresentationofametaphysical（形而上學(xué)的）problem，whichisthecruelfactofsuffering。Liketheplague，it'sjustathingthathappensintheworldwhetherwewantittoornot。Camus'snovelasksifwecanthinkofsufferingnotasanindividualburdenbutasasharedexperience—andmaybeturnitintosomethingpositive.Thekeyistorecognizetheuniversalityofsuffering.Aplagueisanextraordinaryeventandthehorroritresultsinisextraordinary，too。Butsufferingisanythingbutextraordinary。Everydayyouleavethehouse,somethingterriblecouldhappen.Thesameistrueforall。Allofusarcsubjecttoforcesoverwhichwehavenocontrol.Apandemic（大流行?。ゝorcesustothinkaboutourresponsibilitiestothepeoplearoundus.TheheroofThePlagueisacommitteddoctornamedRieux。Fromtheverybeginning,Rieuxdevoteshimselftoresistingtheplaguethatuniteditsvictims。Eachcharacterinthestoryisdefined(刻畫）bywhattheydowhentheplaguecomes.Nooneescapesit,butthosewhoreducethesufferingofothersarethemostfulfilled。Theonlyvillainsarethosewhocannotseebeyondthemselves。Theplague，forthesepeople,iseitheranexcusetofleeoranopportunitytomakeprofits。Becausetheycan’tseethattheirconditionisshared，aspiritofunityiscompletelyforeigntothem。Andthatblindnessmakescommunityimpossible。AttheveryendofThePlague，Camusstatedhisphilosophythatthestruggleagainstsufferingisneveroverforgood。Theplaguewillreturn,andsowilleverythingelsethatupsetshumans.Butthepointofthebookisthatasharedstruggleiswhatmakescommunitypossibleinthefirstplace。Apandemic,terriblethoughitis，highlightsourmutualinterdependenceinawaythatonlytragedycan。ThebeautyofThePlagueisthatitasksthereadertomapthelessonsofthepandemicontoeverydaylife.Theprinciplesthatdrivethehero,Rieux，arethesameprinciplesthatmakeeverysocietyworthwhile—understanding，loveandunity.Ifwelearntheselessons，inamomentofcrisis，we'llallbebetteroffontheothersideofit.5.WhatisthesymbolicideaofThePlague？A.Anindividualburden。 B。Apositiveexperience.C。Auniversalsuffering. D。Anextraordinaryevent。6.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean？A。Theblind。 B。Businessmen. C。Foreignvictims. D.Wrongdoers.7。Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A。Tointroduceabook. B。Tosolveasocialproblem.C.Torememberawriter。 D.Toexpressanopinion?！敬鸢浮?。C6.D7。D【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者介紹了自己最喜歡的《鼠疫》這本書以及由這本書引起的一些感想?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二段“Butthesymbolicideaworksontheconcretepresentationofametaphysical（形而上學(xué)的）problem，whichisthecruelfactofsuffering?！保ǖ?象征主義的理念是建立在一個(gè)形而上學(xué)問題的具體表現(xiàn)之上的，這個(gè)問題就是痛苦的殘酷事實(shí)。）可知，《鼠疫》的象征意義是一種普遍的痛苦。故選C項(xiàng)。

【6題詳解】詞義猜測題.根據(jù)畫線詞所在句下文“Theplague，forthesepeople,iseitheranexcusetofleeoranopportunitytomakeprofits。Becausetheycan'tseethattheirconditionisshared,aspiritofunityiscompletelyforeigntothem.Andthatblindnessmakescommunityimpossible。（瘟疫，對(duì)于這些人來說，要么是逃跑的借口,要么是賺錢的機(jī)會(huì)。因?yàn)樗麄兛床坏剿麄兊奶幘呈枪餐?，團(tuán)結(jié)的精神對(duì)他們來說是完全陌生的。）”此處those指代villains，這些人的品行很壞，由此可推知villains指的是“做壞事的人、惡人”,故選D項(xiàng)。

【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“Apandemic，terriblethoughitis，highlightsourmutualinterdependenceinawaythatonlytragedycan.ThebeautyofThePlagueisthatitasksthereadertomapthelessonsofthepandemicontoeverydaylife.Theprinciplesthatdrivethehero,Rieux,arethesameprinciplesthatmakeeverysocietyworthwhile—understanding，loveandunity?！保ūM管大流行病很可怕，但它以只有悲劇才能做到的方式突顯了我們的相互依存。鼠疫的美妙之處在于,它要求讀者將瘟疫的教訓(xùn)映射到日常生活中。激勵(lì)英雄里厄的原則和讓每個(gè)社會(huì)都有價(jià)值的原則是一樣的—-理解、愛和團(tuán)結(jié)。）"和文章最后一段“Ifwelearntheselessons，inamomentofcrisis，we’llallbebetteroffontheothersideofit?！保ㄈ绻覀?cè)谖C(jī)時(shí)刻吸取了這些教訓(xùn)，我們?cè)谖C(jī)的另一邊都會(huì)過得更好。）"可推知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是為了表達(dá)“我們應(yīng)該考慮團(tuán)結(jié)而不是個(gè)人利益”這樣一個(gè)觀點(diǎn).故選D項(xiàng)。

CAnewstudysuggestsEarthcouldhavelostupto60percentofitsatmosphereinthecollisionofspaceobjectsthatcreatedthemoon。Mostscientistsbelievethiseventhappenedabout4billionyearsagowhenEarthwasstilldeveloping.Theythinkamassiveobject,possiblythesizeoftheplanetMars，hittheEarth，sendingvaporizedparticles（顆粒）intospace。Gravityisbelievedtohavebroughttheseparticlestogethertoformthemoon.ThestudypresentsevidencethatthiscollisionmighthavecausedEarthtolosebetween10to60percentoftheatmosphereithad.AreportonthestudyappearedinthepublicationAstrophysicalJournalLetters.Theresearchers‘impactassumptionisoneofthreeleadingtheoriesofhowthemoonwasformed。TheotherssuggestthemoonwaseithercreatedatthesametimeasEarth,orthatitwascapturedbyEarth’sgravitationalfieldasittraveledthroughspace.Theresearchersdecidedtoexplorehowmassivecollisionsofobjectsaffectedrockyplanetswiththinatmospheres.Todothis,theycarriedoutmorethan300“supercomputersimulations(模擬）Theexperimentconsideredthepositionsatwhichtheobjectshittheplanet，thespeedoftheimpacts，aswellasthesizeandmassofthecollidingobjects.Earlierresearchsuggestedthatimpactcollisionsduringthelatterstagesoftheformationofaplanetcanaffectitsatmosphere。Thecomputermodelsinthisstudyexpandedonthisidea。TheyshowedthatacollisionliketheonethatmayhaveformedthemoonlikelytookalargepartofEarth’satmosphere.8.Whatdomostscientistsbelieve？A.Earthhaslostitsatmosphereinthecollision.B.Themoonwascreatedinthecollisionofspaceobjects.C。TheplanetMarshitEarthabout4billionyearsago.D。Thecollisionofspaceobjectscausedtheatmospheretoincrease.9。WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2？A。ThecollisionofEarthandthemoonaffectedgravity.B.TheatmosphereonEarthisthecauseofthecollision.C。ScientistsholddifferentpointsonhowthemoonwasformedD。Anagreementontheformationofthemoonhasbeenreached.10。Whatdoesthepassagetalkabout？A。Theprocessofthemoon’sbeingformed。B。Theheateddebateamongdifferentscientists.C.Thesupercomputerexperimentofplanets’collision.D.ThecollisionofspaceobjectsaffectedEarth'satmosphere.11。Whatisthepurposeofthepassage？A。Toinform. B。Topersuade。 C。Todebate. D。Towarn?！敬鸢浮?。B9。C10.D11。A【解析】這是一篇說明文。本文講述一項(xiàng)新的研究顯示地球在與其它星體碰撞而產(chǎn)生月球的過程中已經(jīng)失去了60％的大氣層?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第一自然段第三句話“Theythinkamassiveobject,possiblythesizeoftheplanetMars,hittheEarth,sendingvaporizedparticles(顆粒)intospace."他們認(rèn)為一個(gè)巨大的物體，可能有火星那么大，撞擊地球，將蒸發(fā)的粒子送入太空。及第四句話“Gravityisbelievedtohavebroughttheseparticlestogethertoformthemoon?！笨芍瑩?jù)信是引力把這些粒子聚集在一起形成了月球。所以科學(xué)家相信地球與一個(gè)尺寸與火星相當(dāng)?shù)奈矬w碰撞從而形成了月球.故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題.根據(jù)第二自然段第三句“Theresearchers'impactassumptionisoneofthreeleadingtheoriesofhowthemoonwasformed?！毖芯咳藛T的撞擊假設(shè)是月球形成的三個(gè)主要理論之一?？芍?，對(duì)于月球是如何形成的有三種主要的理論，即科學(xué)家們對(duì)月球是如何形成的持不同觀點(diǎn)。故選C.【10題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文尤其是根據(jù)第一自然第一句話“AnewstudysuggestsEarthcouldhavelostupto60percentofitsatmosphereinthecollisionofspaceobjectsthatcreatedthemoon?！奔巴ㄗx全文可知,一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，在創(chuàng)造月球的太空物體的碰撞中，地球可能失去了高達(dá)60%的大氣層。根據(jù)第二段“thestudypresentsevidencethatthiscollisionmighthavecausedEarthtolosebetween10to60percentoftheatmosphereithad."這項(xiàng)研究提供了證據(jù)表明，這次碰撞可能導(dǎo)致地球失去了10％到60%的大氣層.根據(jù)第三段“TheyshowedthatacollisionliketheonethatmayhaveformedthemoonlikelytookalargepartofEarth’satmosphere?！彼麄儽砻?，可能形成月球的那次碰撞很可能帶走了地球大氣層的很大一部分。所以短文主要是關(guān)于太空物體的碰撞影響了地球的大氣層.故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文尤其是根據(jù)第一自然第一句話“AnewstudysuggestsEarthcouldhavelostupto60percentofitsatmosphereinthecollisionofspaceobjectsthatcreatedthemoon?！奔巴ㄗx全文可知，一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，在創(chuàng)造月球的太空物體的碰撞中，地球可能失去了高達(dá)60％的大氣層.由此判斷出，短文的目的是告之讀者一項(xiàng)新的研究。故選A項(xiàng).DVisitorstoRomecannowseeoneofthemostimportantprivatecollectionsofancientGreekandRomanmarblesculptures。The90worksfromtheTorloniaCollectionopenedthisweekinthenewlyrebuiltPalazzoCaffarelli，overlookingtheRomanForum.AmongtheworksisamarblefountainthatwasmadeinancientGreece。ExpertsonancientRomebelievethefountainoncestoodinthegardenofthegeneralandstatesmanJuliusCaesar.Atthetime,itwasalreadyhundredsofyearsold.The620—pieceTorloniacollectionisbelievedtobethegreatestprivatecollectionofclassicalartintheworld。ItwasstartedmorethanacenturyagobyPrinceAlessandroTorlonia.Hefoundmanyofthepiecesonthegroundsofhisfamily’sRomanproperties。WealthyfromabusinessrelationshipwiththeVatican，thefamilypurchasedotherwell-knownsculpturecollections。In1884,thePrincebuilthisownmuseumtoshowoffhiscollection.Whenthemuseumclosedin1976，thepieceswentintostorage.“Thereappearanceofsuchacollectionisaveryimportantevent，saidarthistorianSalvatoreSettis?！癢henIsawthemforthefirsttime,itwasveryemotional,becauseIknewmostofthosepiecesfrombooks，butIhadneverseenthem."TheTorloniafamilychoseSettistohelpwiththedifficultjobofdecidingwhichworksshouldbeshowntothepublic.12.WhatcantouriststoRomeseethisweek?A.Allkindsofantiquesofgreatsignificance. B。Somewell—knownstatuescarvedbywood.C.The90ancientAsianworkscollectedprivately。 D.AmarblefountainfromJuliusCaesar'sgarden.13.WhatcanweknowaboutTorloniacollection?A。Itwasexhibitedtothepubicinthe18thcentury.B.Theworkshavebeeninstorageformorethan40years.C。TorloniaandhisbusinesspartnerVaticanbeganittogether.D.Itisconsideredasthegreatestprivatecollectionintheworld。14。HowdidSalvatoreSettisthinkaboutthereappearanceofthecollection?A。Disgusting。 B。Thrilling。 C。Promising. D。Meaningless。15。What’sthebesttitleofthepassage？A。TheExhibition,aReturningWonderB.PrinceTotlonia,aGreatandWealthyCollectorC。TorloniaCollection,aBrilliantContributiontoHistoryD.MarbleSculptures，aCombinationofImaginationandCreation【答案】12.D13。B14。B15.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹來自托洛尼亞家族的90件收藏品即將亮相羅馬?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一自然段第三句話“AmongtheworksisamarblefountainthatwasmadeinancientGreece。（其中一件作品是古希臘的大理石噴泉.）”可知，亮相的收藏品中有一個(gè)古希臘時(shí)的大理石噴泉。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二自然段最后一句話“Whenthemuseumclosedin1976，thepieceswentintostorage。(1976年博物館閉館后，這些藏品被收納。）"可知,當(dāng)博物館在1976年關(guān)閉以后，這些收藏品就被保存起來。距今已有40多年了。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一個(gè)自然段第二句話“WhenIsawthemforthefirsttimeitwasveryemotionalbecauseIknewmostofthosepiecesfrombooks，butIhadneverseenthem.(當(dāng)我第一次看到它們的時(shí)候，我非常激動(dòng)，因?yàn)槲覐臅辛私膺@些作品，但我從來沒有見過它們。)”可知,塞爾瓦托·塞蒂斯覺得這些收藏品的重現(xiàn)是令人激動(dòng)的。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。本文介紹了羅馬將展出托洛尼亞收藏品,能夠讓藏品重現(xiàn)，這體現(xiàn)了對(duì)這些收藏品的重現(xiàn)，可稱為一個(gè)回歸的奇跡。故選A.【點(diǎn)睛】細(xì)節(jié)理解題主要考查考生對(duì)某句話或某幾句話的理解，同學(xué)們?nèi)裟芨鶕?jù)題干內(nèi)容從原文中找到相關(guān)的句子,然后進(jìn)行比較和分析，便可確定最佳答案。例如第1小題，根據(jù)第一自然段第三句話“AmongtheworksisamarblefountainthatwasmadeinancientGreece。（其中一件作品是古希臘的大理石噴泉。)"可知,亮相的收藏品中有一個(gè)古希臘時(shí)的大理石噴泉，故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Everyonedesiresforsuccessandpeoplewilldowhatevertheycantoachievesuccess。Butseekingsuccessoverlymaycontributetobeingaddictedtoit。___16___Thoughitisn'taconventionalmedicaladdiction,formanypeoplesuccesshasaddictiveproperties.Toacertainextent，praisestimulatestheneurotransmitterdopamine，whichgetsinvolvedinalladdictivebehaviors.Thedesireforsuccessmaybeborntohumannature,butspecialnessdoesn’tcomecheap.___17___In1980，thephysicianRobertGoldmanfoundthatmorethanhalfofambitiousathleteswouldbewillingtotakeadrugthatwouldkilltheminfiveyearsinexchangeforwinningeverycompetitiontheyentered。___18___Thegoalcan’tbesatisfiedandmostpeopleneverfeel”successfulenough”。Thehighonlylastsadayortwoandthenit’sontothenextgoal.Satisfactionwearsoffalmostimmediately.Whatwewilldonextisthatwemustrunontothenextrewardtoavoidthefeelingoffallingbehind。___19___Butquittingisn'teasyforaddicts。Forpeoplewhoareaddictedtosuccess,withdrawalcanbeabitterexperience,bothphysicallyandpsychologically.Depressionandanxietyarecommonamongoutstandingathletesaftertheircareersend。Olympicathletes，inparticular,sufferfromthe“post—Olympicblues”.Successinandsuccessofitselfarenotbadthings。___20___A.Peopleshouldn'thavecontinued。B.Unfortunately,successisendless。C.Thatiswhatiscalledsuccessaddicts。D.Bothcanbringfunandsweetnesstolife.E。Successiscruelwork，anditrequiressacrifices。F。Therefore，itcontributestousleadingapeacefullife。G。Surprisingly,peoplebarelyattachenoughsignificancetotheirgoal.【答案】16.C17。E18.B19。A20.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。每個(gè)人都渴望成功，人們會(huì)盡其所能去取得成功。但是過度追求成功可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致對(duì)成功上癮.本文介紹了成功上癮癥，介紹了其產(chǎn)生原因和對(duì)人的影響等情況?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Everyonedesiresforsuccessandpeoplewilldowhatevertheycantoachievesuccess。Butseekingsuccessoverlymaycontributetobeingaddictedtoit。(每個(gè)人都渴望成功，人們會(huì)盡其所能去取得成功。但是過度追求成功可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致對(duì)成功上癮）”可知，上文介紹了成功上癮的癥狀,本句對(duì)上文的癥狀下定義，指出這是成功上癮癥。上文中beingaddictedto對(duì)應(yīng)C選項(xiàng)中addicts。故C選項(xiàng)“這就是所謂的成功上癮癥”符合語境，故選C.【17題詳解】根據(jù)后文“In1980,thephysicianRobertGoldmanfoundthatmorethanhalfofambitiousathleteswouldbewillingtotakeadrugthatwouldkilltheminfiveyearsinexchangeforwinningeverycompetitiontheyentered。（1980年,內(nèi)科醫(yī)生RobertGoldman發(fā)現(xiàn),超過半數(shù)有雄心壯志的運(yùn)動(dòng)員愿意服用一種五年后會(huì)致其死亡的藥物，以換取他們參加的每一項(xiàng)比賽的勝利）”可知，根據(jù)下文的舉例可知一些有抱負(fù)的運(yùn)動(dòng)員愿意去服用對(duì)自己有害的藥物來換取成功。所以成功是殘酷的,需要做出犧牲。故E選項(xiàng)“成功是一項(xiàng)殘酷的工作，需要做出犧牲”符合語境，故選E.【18題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Thegoalcan'tbesatisfiedandmostpeopleneverfeel"successfulenough”。Thehighonlylastsadayortwoandthenit’sontothenextgoal.（這個(gè)目標(biāo)是無法滿足的,而且大多數(shù)人都覺得自己“不夠成功”.這種高潮只會(huì)持續(xù)一兩天,然后就會(huì)進(jìn)入下一個(gè)目標(biāo)）”可知，后文提到很多人不滿足于目標(biāo)，很多人覺得成功是不夠的。他們會(huì)一直持續(xù)下去，可見成功是永無休止的。故B選項(xiàng)“不幸的是，成功是無止境的"符合語境,故選B。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Satisfactionwearsoffalmostimmediately。Whatwewilldonextisthatwemustrunontothenextrewardtoavoidthefeelingoffallingbehind。(滿足感幾乎馬上就會(huì)消失。我們接下來要做的是,我們必須奔向下一個(gè)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，以避免落后的感覺)”以及后文“Butquittingisn’teasyforaddicts。Forpeoplewhoareaddictedtosuccess,withdrawalcanbeabitterexperience，bothphysicallyandpsychologically.（但對(duì)癮君子來說,戒煙并不容易.對(duì)于那些沉迷于成功的人來說，停止對(duì)成功的渴望可能是一種痛苦的經(jīng)歷，無論是在生理上還是心理上)"可知,上文提到了人們會(huì)為了避免落后的感覺一直追求成功，但后文but標(biāo)志轉(zhuǎn)折，說明停止這種對(duì)成功的追求并不容易，可推知本句是在說明人們不應(yīng)該繼續(xù)追求，但卻不容易停止.故A選項(xiàng)“人們不應(yīng)該繼續(xù)"符合語境,故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Successinandsuccessofitselfarenotbadthings。(在某方面成功和成功本身都不是壞事）”可知，上文提到成功與否本身都是什么壞事,本句承接上文說明原因：兩者皆可帶來樂趣和甜蜜，故D選項(xiàng)“兩者都能給生活帶來樂趣和甜蜜”符合語境，故選D。第三部分英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共三節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)：完型填空（共20小題，每小題1?5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)A、B、C和D中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Instorm—ravaged（風(fēng)暴肆虐的）SantaClarita,California,lastMarch,MartinezapproachedRunnerRoadcarefully.A_____21_____creek（小溪）hadfloodedit.Martinez，drivingaToyotaSUV，_____22_____he’dbeOK.Big___23___。Halfwayacross，therushingwatergrabbedholdofhisvehicle，sweepingitofftheroad.Itfinally_____24_____agood80feetaway,whenthe___25___somehowliftedtheSUVandputitintothegroundata45-degreeangle。Shakenandtrappedinsidewiththewaterrisingquickly,Martinezwascertainhewasgoingto___26___。OntheroadrightbehindMartinezwereadelivery___27___andhisniece。They___28___thehorrorunfold，andwhenMartinez’sSUVcameto___29___inthemiddleofthepouringcreek,themanlandedto_____30_____.First，hegrabbedstrong____31____fromthebackofhisvanandtiedtheunsteadySUVto___32___posts。ThenheclimbedonthetopofMartinez’s___33___andhitarearwindowwithhisfists。Frustrated,he____34____tohisnieceandyelled,“Givemea___35___！”O(jiān)verandoverhehittherockintothe____36____veryhard,butinvain?！盬ewerescaredthatsomethingelsewasgoingtocomedownandtaketheSUV,takehim，takemyuncle.”KristinaReyes,27，said.Butheruncle’snamewasnotpubliclyknown。Reyes’suncleshoutedtoMartinezto___37___awayfromthewindow.He___38___andthrewtherock____39____，theglassbroke。Soon,asoakedMartinezwentoutofthewindow，andthemenescapedtodryland.Martinezwassavedbya（n)_____40_____deliverydriver。21。A.deserted B。swollen C.forbidden D。floated22。A。warned B.ignored C.figured D。delighted23。A.mistake B.luck C.deal D.fortune24.A.stopped B。continued C。pushed D。pulled25.A。thunder B。cloud C。water D。rain26。A.prepare B。live C。jump D.die27。A。judge B.policeman C。salesman D。driver28。A。talked B.watched C。hesitated D。brushed29.A.head B.stretch C。rest D。select30。A.fetch B.earn C。send D。act31。A。rocks B.ropes C.branches D。posts32。A。remote B。straight C。nearby D。movable33.A。vehicle B.boat C.truck D。van34.A。turned B.opposed C.objected D。treated35.A.foot B.hand C.fist D。rock36。A。bottom B.window C.house D。road37.A.move B。rise C.fly D.hide38.A。pickedup B。putaway C。putforward D.leanedback39。A。Finally B。Exactly C.Frequently D。Unluckily40。A。unfair B.unhappy C。unknown D。unable【答案】21。B22。C23。A24.A25.C26.D27.D28.B29。C30。D31.B32。C33.A34。A35.D36.B37。A38.D39.A40.C【解析】本文是一篇記敘文.文章講述的是去年3月，在風(fēng)暴肆虐的加利福尼亞州圣克拉麗塔，馬丁內(nèi)斯開著一輛豐田SUV車被湍急的水沖出公路，被困在車?yán)?，多虧一位不認(rèn)識(shí)的貨司機(jī)立即采取救援行動(dòng)，救了他。

【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:一條漲水的小河把它淹沒了.A.deserted被拋棄的;B.swollen淹沒的，漲滿的；C.forbidden被禁止的,禁用的；D。floated浮起的.根據(jù)“storm—ragaged（風(fēng)暴肆虐的）"和后面的“flooded(淹沒）”及“therushingwaters(湍急的水流)”可知,這條漲滿水的小溪淹沒了路，故選B項(xiàng)。

【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：馬丁內(nèi)斯，開著一輛豐田越野車，以為他沒事。A。warned警告;B。ignored忽略；C。figured解決,認(rèn)為；D.delighted使高興。根據(jù)語境可知,馬丁內(nèi)斯開著一輛豐田SUV車，他以為（figured）他（能開過去)，會(huì)沒事的。故選C項(xiàng)。

【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析.句意：大錯(cuò)特錯(cuò).A。mistake錯(cuò)誤；B.luck走運(yùn);C.deal交易；D.fortune財(cái)富。根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容可知，前文他原認(rèn)為開車能過去，但過了一半，湍急的水流把他的車沖下了馬路，被困車中，可知，這(他的判斷)是一個(gè)大錯(cuò)誤，故選A項(xiàng)。

【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析.句意：最后在大約80英尺遠(yuǎn)的地方停了下來，水不知怎么把越野車掀了起來，以45度角沉到了地上。A。stopped停止；B。continued繼續(xù)；C。pushed推動(dòng)；D.pulled拉。根據(jù)后面的內(nèi)容提到馬丁內(nèi)斯被困于車?yán)?，并且車子被水淹沒可知,車被沖下了馬路，最后停在離公路80英尺遠(yuǎn)的地方，故選A項(xiàng)。

【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最后在大約80英尺遠(yuǎn)的地方停了下來，水不知怎么把越野車掀了起來,以45度角沉到了地上。A.thunder雷聲；B。cloud云；C。water水；D。rain雨.根據(jù)前文可知，小溪的水滿了，淹沒了大路,所以車被沖下公路停下來時(shí),水(water）托起車,把它以45度角放到地上。結(jié)合后一句“withthewaterrisingquickly(隨著水上升的速度很快)”可知水將車托起，故選C項(xiàng)。

【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：由于受到驚嚇，又被困在迅速上漲的水里,馬丁內(nèi)斯確信自己要死了.A。prepare準(zhǔn)備；B.live生活，居住；C.jump跳;D.die死亡。根據(jù)上下文可知他困在車?yán)锩?，隨著水位的快速上升,他確信自己會(huì)死(die），故選D項(xiàng)。

【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：路上，就在馬丁內(nèi)斯的身后是一個(gè)送貨司機(jī)和他的侄女。A.judge判斷；B。policeman警察；C.salesman銷售員；D.driver司機(jī)。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Martinezwassavedbya(n)___20___deliverydriver。(馬丁內(nèi)斯被一個(gè)不認(rèn)識(shí)的送貨司機(jī)救了。）"可知，此處是指“在馬丁內(nèi)斯后面的路上，有一個(gè)送貨司機(jī)和他的侄女?！?故選D項(xiàng)。

【28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們目睹了恐怖的一幕，當(dāng)馬丁內(nèi)斯的越野車停在湍急的小溪中間時(shí)，這名男子立即行動(dòng)起來。A.talked討論；B。watched看到，目睹；C.hesitated猶豫;D。brushed掠過，刷.根據(jù)語境可知，當(dāng)馬丁內(nèi)斯的車發(fā)生悲劇時(shí)，后面的司機(jī)看到（watched）這個(gè)恐怖的場面。故選B項(xiàng).

【29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析.句意:他們目睹了恐怖的一幕，當(dāng)馬丁內(nèi)斯的越野車停在湍急的小溪中間時(shí),這名男子立即行動(dòng)起來.A.head朝……行進(jìn)，出發(fā)；B.stretch伸展，延伸；C.rest?？?；D.select選擇。由前文“Itfinally4agood80feetaway，whenthe5somehowliftedtheSUVandputitintothegroundata45-degreeangle.Shakenandtrappedinsidewiththewaterrisingquickly，Martinezwascertainhewasgoingto6.（最后在大約80英尺遠(yuǎn)的地方停了下來，水不知怎么把越野車掀了起來，以45度角沉到了地上。）"可知此處是指“當(dāng)馬丁內(nèi)斯的SUV車停(rest）在急流的小溪中間時(shí)，他們看到了這個(gè)恐怖的場面。"故選C項(xiàng)。

【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們目睹了恐怖的一幕，當(dāng)馬丁內(nèi)斯的越野車停在湍急的小溪中間時(shí)，這名男子立即行動(dòng)起來。A。fetch去取來；B.earn賺得，獲得;C。send派送；D。act行動(dòng).根據(jù)后面司機(jī)的救人行動(dòng)可知,此處是指“這個(gè)人看到這個(gè)場面后,立即行動(dòng)（act）”，故選D項(xiàng)。

【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:首先,他從貨車后面抓起結(jié)實(shí)的繩子，把搖搖晃晃的SUV綁在附近的柱子上.A。rocks巖石；B。ropes繩子；C。branches樹枝,分行；D.posts郵件，郵局。根據(jù)后面的把車“綁（tied）”在柱子上，可知，這個(gè)人從他的貨車?yán)锬贸鲆桓Y(jié)實(shí)的繩子綁車.故選B項(xiàng)。

【32題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：首先,他從貨車后面抓起結(jié)實(shí)的繩子，把搖搖晃晃的SUV綁在附近的柱子上。A。remote遙遠(yuǎn)的；B。straight徑直的；C。nearby附近的；D.movable活動(dòng)的，可移動(dòng)的。結(jié)合常識(shí)和選項(xiàng)意思可知，只能把車綁在附近的（nearby）柱子上，故選C項(xiàng)。

【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析.句意：然后他爬上馬丁內(nèi)斯的車頂，用拳頭砸后窗。A。vehicle車輛；B.boat船；C.truck卡車；D.van廂式貨車。根據(jù)前文可知，馬丁內(nèi)斯的車呈45度角斜倒在小溪里，因此貨車司機(jī)要爬上車頂才能撞擊后窗。故選A項(xiàng)。

【34題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:他很沮喪，轉(zhuǎn)身對(duì)侄女喊道：“給我一塊石頭！”A。turned轉(zhuǎn)身，改變方向；B.opposed反對(duì);C.objected反對(duì)；D。treated對(duì)待.結(jié)合上文的“OntheroadrightbehindMartinezwereadelivery7andhisniece。”可知，他的侄女在后面的車上,所以說話時(shí)要轉(zhuǎn)身（turned），故選A項(xiàng)。

【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:他很沮喪，轉(zhuǎn)身對(duì)侄女喊道：“給我一塊石頭！”A.foot足；B.hand手；C。fist拳頭；D。rock巖石，石頭。根據(jù)后面的“Overandoverhehittherockintothe___16___veryhard,(他一次又一次地使勁把石頭撞到窗戶上）”可知,他讓侄女給他一塊石頭（rock），故選D項(xiàng)。

【36題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他一次又一次地使勁把石頭撞到窗戶上,但沒有成功。A。bottom底部;B。window窗戶；C.house房子；D。road路。根據(jù)第13題“ThenheclimbedonthetopofMartinez’svehicleandhitarearwindow(然后他爬上馬丁內(nèi)斯的車頂，用拳頭砸后窗.)”可知，現(xiàn)在他一次又一次地用石頭重重地撞擊窗戶(window），故選B項(xiàng)。

【37題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雷耶斯的叔叔大聲叫馬丁內(nèi)斯離開窗戶。A。move移開，離開，搬家;B.rise上升；C。fly飛；D。hide躲藏。根據(jù)后文貨車司機(jī)用大石頭砸窗戶，可知貨車司機(jī)叫馬丁內(nèi)斯遠(yuǎn)離（moveaway）窗戶，故選A項(xiàng)。

【38題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：他向后一仰，把石頭扔了出去。A.pickedup拾起；B。putaway把……放置一邊；C.putforward提出；D.leanedback向后靠。結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，用力扔?xùn)|西時(shí)，人往往向后仰（leanedback），故選D項(xiàng)。

【39題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，玻璃碎了。A.Finally最后；B.Exactly確切地；C。Frequently經(jīng)常地；D。Unluckily不幸地.結(jié)合上文提到了一次次砸窗戶都沒有成功可知，此處是指最后（Finally）玻璃碎了，故選A項(xiàng)。

【40題詳解】考