2018年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題屮所給的 A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)屮選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅談一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?￡19.15B. ￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。WhatwillJamesdotomorrow?C.Writeareport.C.SheC.Writeareport.C.She'shelpful.Whatcanwesayaboutthewoman?She'sgenerous. B.She'scurious.Whendoesthetrainleave?A.At6:30.B.At8:30.C.At10:30.C.Bybike.C.Doctorandpatient.A、C.Bybike.C.Doctorandpatient.A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)5秒鐘：聽(tīng)完C.Changinghermajor.C.Chemistry.C.Ataxidriver.C.Atarestaurant.Howdocsthewomangotowork?Bycar. B.Onfoot.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?Classmates. B.Teacherandstudent.第二節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)內(nèi)。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)A后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。Whatdoesthewomanregret?Givingupherresearch.B.Droppingoutofcollege.Whatisthewomaninterestedinstudyingnow?A.Ecology. B.Education.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。Whatistheman?A.Ahotelmanager. B.Atourguide.52Whatisthemandoingforthewoman?Lookingforsomelocalfoods.Showingheraroundtheseaside.Offeringinformationaboutahotel.聽(tīng)第8段材料，冋答第10至12題。Wheredocstheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inanoffice. B.Athome.Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrowevening?C.Workextrahours.C.Catherine.C.Workextrahours.C.Catherine.C.Tohaveamealtogether.C.Itsquality.C.It'sadequatelyequipped.C.Makepayment.C.Collegestudents.Gotoaconcert. B.Visitafriend.WhoisAlicegoingtocall?A.Mike. B.Joan.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。Whydoesthewomanmeettheman?A.Tolookatanapartment.B.Todeliversomefurniture.Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutthecarpet?A.Itscolor. B.Itsdesign.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthekitchen?A.It'sagoodsize. B.It'snewlypainted.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Godowntown. B.Talkwithherfriend.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第丨7至20題。Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A.Moviefans.B.Newsreporters.WhendidthespeakertakeEnglishclasses?A.Beforehelefthishometown.AfterhecametoAmerica.Whenhewas15yearsold.Howdoesthespeakerfeelabouthisteacher?A.He'sproud.B.He'ssympathetic.C.He'sgrateful.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Howeducationshapedhislife.Howhislanguageskillsimproved.Howhemanagedhisbusinesswell.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱淡下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D叫個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Washington,D.C.BicycleToursCherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.Duration:3hoursThissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseetheworld-famouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersofWashington,D.C.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability-andthecherryblossoms-disappear!WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTourDuration:3hours（4miles）JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington,D.C.ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.Duration:3hoursMorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute（路線(xiàn)）makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTourDuration:3hours（7miles）JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,C.GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?A.CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?A.Meetfamouspeople.B.Gotoanationalpark.C.Visitwell-knownmuseums.D.Enjoyinterestingstories.Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?A.Citymaps.B.Cameras.C.Meals.D.Safetylights.BGoodMorningBritain'sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole-showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTcbbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunderfamilyaday.AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersaysshe'sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe'slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant.”sheexplains. "Ipay￡5fOr）,ploCUicMaittmakes^hemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe'renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves. ”Theeight-partseries（系列節(jié)目）SaveMoney:GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITV'sSaveMoney:GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.Withfoodourliggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeachweek.Intonight 'sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonaludget.Theteamtransformsthefamily'losngweekendofcelelrationwithlessexpensivelutstilltastyrecipes.WhatdoweknowaloutSusannaReid?A.Sheenjoysemlarrassingherguests.B.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.C.Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.D.Shehashadatightludgetforherfamily.

HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?A.Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.C.Heassistsherincookingmatters.B.Hepreparesfoodforherkids.D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.inparagraph4?A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?B.Hepreparesfoodforherkids.D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.inparagraph4?A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.KeepingFitbyEatingSmartC.MakingYourselfaPerfectChefProvidesomeadviceforthereaders.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.BalancingOurDailyDietCookingWellforLessCLanguageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.WhentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyHunter -gatherers,small,tightlyknit(聯(lián)系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.SomeIanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000Ianguagesbetweenthem.Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirIanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanyIanguagestodisappear,anddominantIanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChinesearcincreasinglytakingover.Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800Ianguages.ThedistributionoftheseIanguagesishugelyuneven.ThegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewIanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200Ianguages;theAmericasabout1.000;Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber( 中位數(shù))ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld 'sIanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800Ianguagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchaneeofsurvival.WhatcanweinferaboutIanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?Theywerelargeinnumber.D.Theywerecloselyconnected.Theywerelargeinnumber.D.Theywerecloselyconnected.“dominantPowerful.Theyhadsimilarpatterns.”underlinedinparagraph2?”underlinedinparagraph2?D.Modem.present?D.About1,200.A.Complex. B.Advaneed.HowmanyIanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatA.About6,800.B.About3,400. C.About2,400.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.NewIanguageswillbecreated. B.People'slifestylesarereflectedinIanguages.HumandevelopmentresultsinfewerIanguages.GeographydeterminesIanguageevolution.DWemaythinkwe'reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices（裝置）wellaftertheygooutofstyle.That'badnewsfortheenvironment-andourwallets-astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslife-fromwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.Thismethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyusehasevolvedsincetheearly1990s.Devicesweregroupedbygeneration.Desktopcomputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-setTVsdefined1992.Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndMP3players,smartphones,andLCDTVsenteredhomesin2002,beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2007.Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidn'tthrowoutouroldones.“Theliving-roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekids 'room,andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTVineveryroomofthehouse, ”saidoneresearcher.Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007.WWrenotjustkeepingtheseolddevices-wecontinuetousethem.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbitt'team,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTVswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions（排放）morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window.Sowhat'sthesolutioU決方案）?Theteam'sdataonlywentupto2007,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchasatabletforwordprocessingandTVviewing.Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices?A.Theyareenvironment-friendly. B.Theyarenobetterthantheold.C.Theycostmoretouseathome. D.Theygooutofstylequickly.WhydidBabbitt'steamconducttheresearch?A.Toreducethecostofminerals. B.Totestthelifecycleofaproduct.Toupdateconsumersonnewtechnology.Tofindoutelectricityconsumptionofthedevices.Whichofthefollowingusestheleastenergy?A.Thebox-setTV.B.Thetablet.C.TheLCDTV.D.Thedesktopcomputer.Whatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices?A.Stopusingthem.B.Takethemapart.C.Upgradethem.D.Recyclethem.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Colorisfundamentalinhomedesign-somethingyou 'llalwayshaveineveryroom.Agraspofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststepstocreatingroomsyou 'lllcin.Doyouwantaroomthat 'sfulloflife?Professional?Orareyouljoisltingforaplacetorelaxafteralongday?36 ,coloristhekeytomakingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel.Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.37 ，theycangetalittlecomplex.Butgoodnewsisthatthere 'rereallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones.38 .They'rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinteresttoourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves.39__.Theyrequireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace.Thelargecolordecisionsinyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,andfloors.Whetheryou'relookingatwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant.40 .WhileallofthemareusefulWhateveryou'relookingforIfyou 'reexperimentingwithacolorSmallcolorchoicesarctheoneswe 'remostfamiliarwithIt'snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesSoitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeColorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分 45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題：每小題丨.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的 A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空 白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Duringmysecondyearatth