溫馨提示：此套題為Word版，請按住Ctrl,滑動鼠標(biāo)滾軸，調(diào)節(jié)合適的觀看比例，答案解析附后。關(guān)閉Word文檔返回原板塊。三十八選修8Unit3Inventorsandinventions(限時35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2021·寧波模擬)Doyouhaveajob?Ifyoudo,you’llknowtheworldofworkcanbetough—longhours,boringtasksandstress.Butitcanbringbenefitstoo,suchasaregularsalary.Maybethat’swhymoreofusarenowtakingonasidehustle—anothernameforasecondjob.Forsomehavingtwojobsisanecessity—awaytomakeendsmeetandprovideextraine.Butitnowseemsthatmorepeoplewanttoputtheirskillsandpassionsintopracticetomakemoney.Thesetendtobeentrepreneurialyoungpeoplewhowanttoworkontheirownprojectsalongsidetheirmainsourceofine.AccordingtoHenleyButwhat’sinterestingisthatmanymillennials(千禧一代)areturningtheirhandtonewjobsnotjustformoneyandsecurity.Researchhasfoundthatalmostthreequartersofpeoplearefollowingapassionorexploringanewchallenge.BecciMaiFord,whoworkssomeofthetimeforatelemunicationspanytopaythebills,spendstherestofhertimedevelopinghercraftpany.Shesaysgoingfulltimeis“notfinanciallyworthitrightnowbutitfuelsmycreativesoulandmakesmehappy”.Ofcoursehavingasidehustlemeansyouareselfemployed,whichcangiveyouflexibilitytoworkwhenyoulike,butitcanberisky.Yousometimeworkonazerohourscontractandmaynotgetofferedenoughwork.Orwhatwasoriginallyyourpassionmaybeemoreofachore.However,thiscouldbethebestwaytotryoutanewcareerorfollowapassionwhilenotgivingupthedayjob.【文章大意】本文講述了人們選擇副業(yè)的原因以及年輕人選擇副業(yè)的新原因,但同時副業(yè)也存在一定風(fēng)險。1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonforpeopletotakeonasidehustle?A.Tomakemoney.B.Toobtainjobsatisfaction.C.Tohavetheflexibilitytowork.D.Toenjoyariskylifestyle.【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Butitcanbringbenefitstoo,suchasaregularsalary.我們可以通過副業(yè)掙錢;最后一段whichcangiveyouflexibilitytowork副業(yè)可以給你工作的靈活性;根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段notjustformoneyandsecurity和exploringanewchallenge千禧一代選擇副業(yè)不僅是為了錢和安全他們想要探索新的挑戰(zhàn)?？芍?人們從事副業(yè)的原因不包括獲得工作滿意度,結(jié)合選項,故選B。2.TheauthorexplainsthestudyfromHenleyBusinessA.describingtheprocessB.makingaparisonC.presentingresearchfindingsD.analyzingthecauseandeffect【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段AccordingtoHenleyBusinessSchool,aroundoneinfourworkersrunatleastonesidehustlebusiness,halfofwhichwerestartedinthepasttwoyears可知,作者直接陳述了這個研究的結(jié)果,因此作者是通過呈現(xiàn)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)來解釋亨利商學(xué)院的研究情況。故選C。3.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardshavingasecondjob?A.Critical. B.Indifferent.C.Neutral. D.Favorable.【解析】選C。觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段Ofcoursehavingasidehustle...butitcanberisky.作者認(rèn)為雖然副業(yè)可以給我們工作的靈活性,但是這是有風(fēng)險的。因此作者既說明了副業(yè)的優(yōu)勢又說明了副業(yè)的劣勢,因此態(tài)度是中立的。故選C。BTwentyoneyearsago,myhusbandgavemeSam,aneightweekoldschnauzer(雪納瑞犬),tohelpmeeasethelossofourdaughter.SamandIdevelopedaveryspecialbondoverthenextyears.Atonepoint,myhusbandandIdecidedtomovetoanewhomeinNewJersey.Ourneighbor,whosecathadrecentlyhadkittens,askedifwewouldlikeone.WewerealittleapprehensiveaboutSam’sjealousyandhowhewouldhandlehisturf(地盤)beinginvaded,butwedecidedtoriskit.Wepickedalittle,gray,playfulballofFur.Sheracedaroundchasingimaginarymiceandsquirrelsandjumpedfromtabletochairintheblinkofaneye,sowenamedherLightning.Atfirst,SamandLightningwereverycautiouswitheachotherandkepttheirdistance.Butslowly,LightningstartedfollowingSam—upthestairs,downthestairs,intothekitchen.Later,whentheyslept,itwasalwaystogether;whentheyate,itwasalwaysnexttoeachother.WhenItookeitheroneout,theotherwasalwayswaitingbythedoorwhenwereturned.Thatwasthewayitwasforyears.Then,withoutanywarning,Samwasdiagnosedashavingaweakheart.Ihadnootherchoicebuttohavehimputdown.ThepainwasnothingparedwithwhatIexperiencedwhenIhadtowalkintoourhousealone.Thistime,therewasnoSamforLightningtogreetandnowaytoexplainwhyshewouldneverseeherfriendagain.Inthefollowingdays,Lightningseemedheartbroken.Icouldseethedisappointmentinhereyeswheneveranyoneopenedthefrontdoor,orthehopewheneversheheardadogbark.OnedayasIwalkedintoourlivingroom,IhappenedtoseeLightningwaslyingnexttothesculpturedreplica(復(fù)制品)ofSamthatwehadboughtafewyearsago,onearmwrappedaroundthestatue’sneck,contentedlysleepingwithherbestfriend.【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文,主要講述了一只貓和一只寵物狗之間的友誼。當(dāng)寵物狗死了之后,貓很傷心,當(dāng)發(fā)現(xiàn)寵物狗的雕像時,它很開心地睡在了它“朋友”的身邊。4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“apprehensive”inParagraph2mean?A.Shocked.B.Curious.C.Worried. D.Eager.【解析】選C。詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中的“...Sam’sjealousyandhowhewouldhandlehisturfbeinginvaded,butwedecidedtoriskit.”可知,作者害怕領(lǐng)養(yǎng)一只貓會對寵物狗造成不好的影響。故選C。5.HowdidSamgetalongwithLightningatfirst?A.LightningfollowedSameverywhereitwent.B.Theyfoughtwitheachotherfiercely.C.Theykeptacertaindistancefromeachother.D.SamwasunfriendlytoLightning.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Atfirst,SamandLightningwereverycautiouswitheachotherandkepttheirdistance.”可知,起初Sam和Lightning都對對方很謹(jǐn)慎,保持一定距離。故選C。6.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.LightningknewSamhaddied.B.SammeansalottoLightning.C.WetookLightninghometoacpanySam.D.SamcamebacktostaywithLightningagain.【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的介紹可知,作者一天進屋時發(fā)現(xiàn)Lightning躺在Sam的復(fù)制品的旁邊,一個爪子搭在雕像的脖子上,和她的好朋友心滿意足地入睡了,由此可推知,Sam對于Lightning來說很重要。故選B。7.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.TheFriendshipBetweenSamandLightningB.TheingofSamandLightningC.TheDeathofSamtoLightningD.TheImportanceofSamtoUs【解析】選A。標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要講述了一只貓和一只寵物狗之間的友誼,當(dāng)寵物狗死了之后,貓很傷心,當(dāng)發(fā)現(xiàn)寵物狗的雕像時,它很開心地睡在其“朋友”的身邊。故選A。CAlmosteverydayweeacrosssituationsinwhichwehavetomakedecisionsonewayoranother.Choice,wearegiventobelieve,isaright.Butforagoodmanypeopleintheworld,inrichandpoorcountries,choiceisaluxury,somethingwonderfulbuthardtoget,notaright.Andforthosewhothinktheyareexercisingtheirrighttomakechoices,thewholesystemismerelyanillusion,afalseideacreatedbypaniesandadvertisers,hopingtoselltheirproducts.Theendlesschoicesgivebirthtoanxietyinpeople’slives.Buyingsomethingasbasicasacoffeepotisnotexactlysimple.Easyaccesstoawiderangeofeverydaygoodsleadstoasenseofpowerlessnessinmanypeople,endingintheshoppergivingupandwalkingaway,orjustbuyinganunsuitableitemthatisnotreallywanted.RecentstudiesinEnglandhaveshownthatmanyelectricalgoodsboughtinalmosteveryfamilyarenotreallyneeded.Moredifficultdecisionmakingistheneitheravoidedortrustedintothehandsoftheprofessionals,lifestyleinstructors,oradvisors.Itisnotjusttheavailabilityofthegoodsthatistheproblem,butthespeedwithwhichnewtypesofproductseonthemarket.Advancesindesignandproductionhelpquickentheprocess.Productsalsoneedtohaveashortlifespansothatthepubliccanbepersuadedtoreplacethemwithinashorttime.Thetypicalexampleisputers,whicharealmostoutofdateoncetheyarebought.Thisindeedmakesselectionaproblem.Gonearethedayswhenonecouldjustwalkwitheaseintoashopandbuyonething;nochoice,noanxiety.【文章大意】本文主要分析了在面臨購物選擇時,人們需要做出艱難的決定。8.WhatdoestheauthortrytoargueinParagraph1?A.Thepracticeofchoiceisdifficult.B.Therightofchoiceisgivenbutataprice.C.Choiceandrightexistatthesametime.D.Theexerciseofrightsisaluxury.【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Butforagoodmanypeopleintheworld,inrichandpoorcountries,choiceisaluxury,somethingwonderfulbuthardtoget,notaright.”可知,選擇的實踐過程是很難的。故選A。9.Whydomorechoicesofgoodsgiverisetoanxiety?A.Peoplearelikelytofindthemselvesoverebybusinesspersuasion.B.Shoppersmayfindthemselveslostinthebroadrangeofitems.C.paniesandadvertisersareoftenmisleadingabouttherangeofchoice.D.Professionalsfindithardtodecideonasuitableproduct.【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Easyaccesstoawiderangeofeverydaygoodsleadstoasenseofpowerlessnessinmanypeople,endingintheshoppergivingupandwalkingaway,orjustbuyinganunsuitableitemthatisnotreallywanted.”可知,更多選擇商品的機會增加了焦慮是因為購物者可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在各種各樣的商品中迷失了。故選B。10.Byusingputersasanexample,theauthorwantstoprovethat_________.

A.productsofthelatestdesignfloodthemarketB.petitionsarefierceinhightechindustryC.everydaygoodsneedtobereplacedoftenD.advancedproductsmeettheneedsofpeople【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Advancesindesignandproductionhelpquickentheprocess.Productsalsoneedtohaveashortlifespansothatthepubliccanbepersuadedtoreplacethemwithinashorttime.Thetypicalexampleisputers,whicharealmostoutofdateoncetheyarebought.”可知,日益更新的產(chǎn)品源源不斷地涌入市場,尤其電腦產(chǎn)品更是如此。故選A。Ⅱ.閱讀填句ColdWeatherIsGoodforYouWithwinterapproaching,peoplebegintoplainaboutcoldweather.1There’splentytoloveaboutcoldweather.Andthere’splentyofevidencethatcoolertemperaturescanbepartofahealthylife.

First,coolertemperaturescanhelpyouloseweight.Itcanalsohelpyousleepbetter.Youmightfeelunfortableatfirstifyoucoolyourbedroomdown.Butifyou,forexample,switchyourbedroomtemperaturefrom72downto62degreesgraduallyoverafewweeks,yourbodywilladjust.2

Ihavelongkeptmywinterhousetemperatureat62degrees.HowdidIfindthatnumber?Well,Iexperimentedonmyselfabouteightyearsago.3Istartedat66andturneditdownonedegreeeveryfewdaysuntil60.Ifoundwhenthetemperaturewascolderthan62,Icouldn’tfocus.But62wasperfect.Anotherbenefitformewasthatitalsokeptmeclearheadedwhileworkingathome.

Interestingly,sciencealsosays62degreesisthemagicnumberforbrainwork.4Itsaid62degreeswasthetemperatureatwhichtheschoolboysubjectsofthestudyfunctionedperfect.Andwhilewe’respeakingofworkandschool,otherresearchshowsthatpeoplestudybetterwhentheweatheroutsideis“bad”.