2022學(xué)年第二學(xué)期寧波金蘭教育合作組織期中聯(lián)考高一年級(jí)英語學(xué)科試題第Ⅰ卷(選擇題部分)第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthewomanwaitingfor?A.Abus.B.Thesubway.C.Ataxi.2.Whereisthegirlnow?A.InRochester.B.InChicago.C.InBoston.3.Whatisthewoman’ssondoing?A.Eatingpopcorn.B.Drawingonthesand.C.Playinginthewaves.4.Howmanyrightanswersdidthegirlhave?A.50.B.40.C.10.5.Whatwilltheweatherbelikenextweek?A.Rainy.B.Foggy.C.Sunny.第二節(jié)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howdoesthemanfeel?A.Tired.B.Thirsty.C.Hungry.7.Whatdayisittoday?A.Saturday.B.Friday.C.Thursday.聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。8.Whywastheconcertcanceled?A.Theticketsdidn’tsellwellB.Theweatherwasbad.C.Theperformerfeltunfortable.9.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodoontheweekend?A.Gohiking.B.Goswimming.C.WatchTV.10Whatdoesthemanmeanintheend?A.Hewilljointhewoman.B.Hewillmisshisfavoriteseason.C.HewillcallVivianandDavid.聽第8段材料，回答第11、12題。11.Howwillthemangotothemarket?A.Bytaxi.B.Bycar.C.Bysubway.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Coworkers.C.Strangers.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatdoesthewomanprobablydo?A.Sheisahotelreceptionist.B.Sheisasalesperson.C.Sheisamanager.14.Whydoesthemanneedacar?A.Heisgoingonatrip.B.Hewillhaveaninterview.C.Hewantstomakehiswife’swishetrue.15.Howlongwillthemankeepacar?A.Halfaday.B.Oneday.C.Oneweek.16.Whichcardoesthemanchooseatlast?A.Thegrayone.B.Theredone.C.Theblackone.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Italiancoffee.B.Italianfoodindustry.C.Italianeatinghabits.18.Whatdopeopleprefertoeatinthenorthaccordingtothespeaker?A.Fruits.B.Meat.C.Vegetables.C.19.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkofthe“touristmenu”?A.Expensive.B.Fair.C.Cheap.20.Whatdoesthespeakermentionintheend?A.Coffee.B.Butter.C.Milk.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15個(gè)小題;每小題分,滿分分)AFirstYearLearningmunitiesinUniversityofTorontoScarboroughCampus(UTSC)FirstYearLearningmunities,alsoknownas“FLCs”,aregroupsofstudentsfromsimilarprogramsofstudy.FLCsfocusonbuildingmunityandworkingtogethertobuildskillsforsuccess.WhyJoin?FirstYearLearningmunitieshelpfirstyearstudentstomakeconnectionswithintheirprogramofstudywhiledevelopingacademic,careerandpersonalskills.Eachyear,pastparticipantstellushowtheprogramhelpedthemtogettoknowtheirclassmates,faculty,staff,andalumni.Studentsalsotellusthattheprogramhelpedthembefamiliarwithuniversityandenhancetheiruniversityexperience.AbouttheProgramFLCsmeeteverytwoweeksforFLCMeetings,facilitatedbytheirupperyearFLCLeaders.FLCsaredividedbyprogramofstudy,withamaximumof40studentsineachFLC.Thereisnocostforparticipatinginthisprogram.TheprogramwillbegininearlySeptemberandwillrununtilApril30.FLCMeetingswilltakeplaceoncampusandinperson.FLCprogrammingmayincludeoffcampustrips,specialevents,andvirtualevents.ApplicationDates&DeadlinesTheformalapplicationperiodwillrunfromJune1toSeptember1.ApplicantswillbenotifiedoftheirstatusbySeptember3.ApplyingAftertheDeadlineStudentsmaycontinuetoapplyaftertheapplicationdeadlineandthroughouttheschoolyear.Shouldyouapplyoutsideofthisperiod,youwillbeaddedtoourwaitinglistandnotifiedifspaceseavailable.EligibilityToparticipateinthisprogram,youmustbeanundergraduate,UTSCstudentinyourfirstyearatU’TSC.Transferstudentsandstudentswithtransfercreditsareweleandencouragedtoapply.TheFirstYearLearningmunitiesProgramisopentothefollowingprogramsofstudy:Arts(Humanities,SocialSciencesandVisual&PerformingArts)puterScience,Mathematics&StatisticsPhysical&EnvironmentalSciencesPsychological&HealthSciences1.WhatcantheFLCshelpfirstyearstudentsdoinUTSC?A.Adjusttocollegelife. B.Changeprogramsofstudy.C.Raisemoneyforuniversities. D.Learncollegecoursesinadvance.2.Whatistheformalsubmissionclosingdatefortheprogram?A.June1. B.September1. C.September3. D.April30.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook. B.Acourseplan.C.Anacademicreport. D.Aprogramapplication.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了多倫多大學(xué)士嘉堡校區(qū)大一新生學(xué)習(xí)社團(tuán)項(xiàng)目，其參加原因、項(xiàng)目介紹、申請(qǐng)及參加資格?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根“WhyJoin?(為什么加入？)”部分中“FirstYearLearningmunitieshelpfirstyearstudentstomakeconnectionswithintheirprogramofstudywhiledevelopingacademic,careerandpersonalskills.(第一年學(xué)習(xí)社區(qū)幫助一年級(jí)學(xué)生在他們的學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃中建立聯(lián)系，同時(shí)發(fā)展學(xué)術(shù)、職業(yè)和個(gè)人技能。)”以及“Studentsalsotellusthattheprogramhelpedthembefamiliarwithuniversityandenhancetheiruniversityexperience.(學(xué)生們還告訴我們，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目幫助他們熟悉了大學(xué)，提高了他們的大學(xué)體驗(yàn)。)”可知，F(xiàn)LCs幫助大學(xué)一年級(jí)學(xué)生適應(yīng)大學(xué)生活。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ApplicationDates&Deadlines(申請(qǐng)日期及截止日期)”部分中信息“TheformalapplicationperiodwillrunfromJune1toSeptember1.(正式申請(qǐng)時(shí)間為6月1日至9月1日。)”可知，正式申請(qǐng)的截止日期是9月1日。故選B。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)標(biāo)題“FirstYearLearningmunitiesinUniversityofTorontoScarboroughCampus(UTSC)(多倫多大學(xué)斯卡伯勒校區(qū)(UTSC)第一年學(xué)習(xí)社區(qū))”以及下文“WhyJoin?(為什么參加？)”以及“AbouttheProgram(關(guān)于項(xiàng)目)”；“ApplicationDates&Deadlines(申請(qǐng)截止日期)”；“ApplyingAftertheDeadline(截止日期后申請(qǐng))”；“Eligibility(參加資格)”可知，文章主要介紹大學(xué)新生學(xué)習(xí)社團(tuán)項(xiàng)目，其參加原因、項(xiàng)目介紹、申請(qǐng)及參加資格。由此推斷，該文出自一個(gè)項(xiàng)目申請(qǐng)。故選D。BAsayounggirlgrowingupinFrance,SarahToumidreamedofbeingaleaderwhocouldmaketheworldabetterplace.Herpassiontohelpotherswasawakenedwhen,fromtheageofnine,sheacpaniedherTunisianfathertohisbirthplaceintheeastofthecountryduringholidays.Theresheorganizedhomeworkclubsandactivitiesforchildren.Toumiwitnessedfirsthandthedestructiveeffectofdesertification(沙漠化).”Within10yearsrichfarmersbecameworseoff,andin10yearsfromnowtheywillbepoor.IwantedtostoptheSaharaDesertinitstracks.“Adecreaseinaveragerainfallandanincreaseintheseverityofdroughtshaveledtoanestimated75percentofTunisia’sagriculturallandsbeingthreatenedbydesertification.Toumirecognizedthatfarmingpracticesneededtochange.Sheisconfidentthatsmalllandareascanbringlargereturnsiffarmersareabletoadaptbyplantingsustainablecropsusingnewtechnologiesforwatertreatmentandfocusingonnaturalproductsandfertilisers(肥料)ratherthanchemicals.In2012,Toumicontinuedherdreamtofightthedesert.ShemovedtoTunisia,andsetupaprogrammenamedAcaciasforAlltoputhersustainablefarmingphilosophyintoaction.”Iwanttoshowyoungpeopleinruralareasthattheycancreateopportunitieswheretheyare.Nobodyisbetterabletounderstandtheimpactofdesertificationandclimatechangethansomebodywhoislivingwithnoaccesstowater.“BySeptember2016,morethan130,000acaciatreeshadbeenplantedon20pilotfarms,withfarmersrecordinga60percentsurvivalrate.Toumiestimatesthatsome3millionacaciatreesareneededtoprotectTunisia’sfarmland.Sheexpectstoplant1milliontreesby2028.Inthenextcoupleofyears,ToumihopestoextendtheprogrammetoAlgeriaandMorocco.4.HowdidToumi’sholidaytripstoTunisiainfluenceher?A.Theyfiredherenthusiasmforhelpingothers.B.Theyhelpedherbetterunderstandherfather.C.Theymadeherdecidetoleavethecountry.D.Theydestroyedherdreamofbeingateacher.5.WhatisthemaincauseofthedesertificationofTunisia’sfarmland?A.Coldweather. B.Soilpollution.C.Lowrainfall. D.Forestdamage.6.WhydidToumisetupAcaciasforAllinTunisia?A.Tocreatejobopportunitiesforyoungpeople.B.Tofacilitatetheprotectionoftheirfarmland.C.Topersuadethefarmersnottousefertilizers.D.Tohelpthechildrenobtainabasiceducation.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?ASavingWaterinAfricaB.FightingPovertyinNorthAfricaC.HoldingbacktheSaharaD.PlantingTreesinTunisia【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了主人公圖米在假期陪伴父親回突尼斯東部的出生地后，激發(fā)了她要幫助當(dāng)?shù)厝说臒崆?，由此?chuàng)立了AcaciasforAll項(xiàng)目，種植金合歡樹，保護(hù)當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)田免遭撒哈拉沙漠吞噬，實(shí)踐其可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)的理念?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Herpassiontohelpotherswasawakenedwhen,fromtheageofnine,sheacpaniedherTunisianfathertohisbirthplaceintheeastofthecountryduringholidays.(從9歲起，她就開始在假期陪伴她來自于突尼斯的父親去突尼斯東部的出生地，這激發(fā)了她幫助他人的熱情。)”可知，圖米去突尼斯度假的經(jīng)歷喚醒了她幫助他人的熱情。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Adecreaseinaveragerainfallandanincreaseintheseverityofdroughtshaveledtoanestimated75percentofTunisia’sagriculturallandsbeingthreatenedbydesertification.(平均降雨量的減少和干旱嚴(yán)重程度的增加導(dǎo)致突尼斯大約75%的農(nóng)業(yè)土地受到沙漠化的威脅。)”可知，降雨量少是突尼斯農(nóng)田沙漠化的主要原因。故選C項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第二句“ShemovedtoTunisia,andsetupaprogrammenamedAcaciasforAlltoputhersustainablefarmingphilosophyintoaction.(她搬到突尼斯，并建立了一個(gè)名為AcaciasforAll的項(xiàng)目，將她的可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)理念付諸行動(dòng)。)”以及最后一段中“BySeptember2016,morethan130,000acaciatreeshadbeenplantedon20pilotfarms,withfarmersrecordinga60percentsurvivalrate.Toumiestimatesthatsome3millionacaciatreesareneededtoprotectTunisia’sfarmland.(截至2016年9月，在20個(gè)試點(diǎn)農(nóng)場(chǎng)種植了13萬多棵金合歡樹，農(nóng)民記錄其成活率達(dá)到60%。圖米估計(jì)，為了保護(hù)突尼斯的農(nóng)田，大約需要300萬棵金金合歡。)”可知，她創(chuàng)立AcaciasforAll項(xiàng)目的目的是保護(hù)當(dāng)?shù)氐霓r(nóng)田。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其最后一段中“BySeptember2016,morethan130,000acaciatreeshadbeenplantedon20pilotfarms,withfarmersrecordinga60percentsurvivalrate.Toumiestimatesthatsome3millionacaciatreesareneededtoprotectTunisia’sfarmland.(截至2016年9月，在20個(gè)試點(diǎn)農(nóng)場(chǎng)種植了13萬多棵金合歡樹，農(nóng)民記錄其成活率達(dá)到60%。圖米估計(jì)，為了保護(hù)突尼斯的農(nóng)田，大約需要300萬棵金合槐。)”可知，文章講述的是主人公圖米在9歲時(shí)，在一次陪伴爸爸回突尼斯家鄉(xiāng)時(shí)激發(fā)了她要幫助當(dāng)?shù)厝说臒崆?，由此?chuàng)立了AcaciasforAll項(xiàng)目，種植金合歡樹，改善保護(hù)當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)田，堅(jiān)持與沙漠化作斗爭(zhēng)，實(shí)踐其可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)的理念。C選項(xiàng)“HoldingbacktheSahara(阻擋撒哈拉沙漠)”符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。CExpertsbelievethebesttinetoteachkidslanguageskillsiswhentheyarebabies.Actuallythetaskiseasilydonewithparentsreadingortalkingtotheirbabies.However,thatisimpossiblewhenkidsareborndeaf.Inthatcase,parentseitherhavetoquicklybeeadeptatsignlanguageorriskthechildfacinglearningdelaysinthefuture.Now,alovelyblueeyedrobot,ahumanavatar(用戶頭像),andsomehightechneuroscience(神經(jīng)科學(xué))mayhelpparentswiththisimportantdevelopmentaltask.TheRobotAvatarThermalEnhancedsystem,orRAVE,isthecreationofateamledbyPetitto,ascientistatGallaudetUniversity.Thelearningbeginswhentherobot’sthermal(熱力的)camera,whichisfocusedonthebaby’sface,sensessmallchangesinhisbodytemperature,whichisassociatedwithawareness.This,binedwiththebaby’sfacialexpression,causestherobottoturnitsheadandguidethebaby’sattentiontoaputerscreen.Here,ahumanavatarstartstomunicatewiththebabymuchlikeaparentwould.Forexample,ifthebabypointstowardsthescreen,theavatarmightrespond,“Areyoupointingtome?”andfollowthatupwithafairytale,orsomenecessarysocialmunication,allinsignlanguage.The“conversation”continuesuntilthekidlosesinterest.Theteam,whohavebeentestingthesystemforthreeyears,foundthatbabiesbegantomovetheirhandsinawaysimilartosignlanguageafterinteractingwithRAVEforjustafewminutes.Petittosaysnaturallanguage,whethermunicatedthroughspeechorsign,startsthesamepartsofthebrainandbelievesthemovementprovesthebabiesarelearningthekeypartsofmunication.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“adept”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Nervous. B.Skillful.C.Sensitive. D.Astonished.9.Whomightbenefitmostfromtheblueeyedrobotmentionedinthetext?A.Akidbornwithhearingproblems. B.Akidwhoenjoysrobottoys.C.Akidfondofmedicalscience. D.Akidwithagiftforlanguageskills.10.Whatisthepurposeoftheexampleinparagraph4?A.Toshowhowahumanavatarworks.B.Tostresstheimportanceofsignlanguage.C.Toexplainahumanavatar’sweakness.D.Toencourageparentstotalktotheirbabiesmore.11.WhatdoesPetittothinkoftheRAVE?A.Itiseasilydesigned. B.Itfallsshortofherexpectations.C.Itiseffectiveinaway. D.Ithelpsdeafbabiesheartheworld.【答案】8.B9.A10.A11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了一種可以幫助父母教嬰兒學(xué)習(xí)語言的系統(tǒng)，以及該系統(tǒng)的工作原理及使用效果。【8題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。前文預(yù)設(shè)了孩子天生失聰?shù)那闆r，后文提到“riskthechildfacinglearningdelaysinthefuture（要么就有可能讓孩子在未來面臨學(xué)習(xí)遲緩的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。）”由此判斷，如果家長沒有快速掌握手語，那么就會(huì)讓孩子得不到及時(shí)的語言學(xué)習(xí)，因此產(chǎn)生學(xué)習(xí)遲緩的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。A.Nervous緊張的；B.Skillful有技巧的；熟練的；敏感的；非常驚訝的。故選B。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。第三段提到“Thelearningbeginswhentherobot’sthermal(熱力的)camera,whichisfocusedonthebaby’sface,sensessmallchangesinhisbodytemperature,whichisassociatedwithawareness.This,binedwiththebaby’sfacialexpression,causestherobottoturnitsheadandguidethebaby’sattentiontoaputerscreen.（當(dāng)機(jī)器人的熱攝像機(jī)(熱力的)聚焦在嬰兒的臉上，感知到嬰兒體溫的微小變化時(shí)，學(xué)習(xí)就開始了，這與意識(shí)有關(guān)。當(dāng)嬰兒的面部表情相結(jié)合時(shí)，機(jī)器人便會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)過頭，引導(dǎo)嬰兒的注意力到電腦屏幕上。）”第四段舉例提到“ifthebabypointstowardsthescreen,theavatarmightrespond,“Areyoupointingtome?”andfollowthatupwithafairytale,orsomenecessarysocialmunication,allinsignlanguage.”（如果嬰兒指向屏幕，虛擬形象可能會(huì)回應(yīng)，“你是在指我嗎?”，然后再講一個(gè)童話故事，或者進(jìn)行一些必要的社交交流，全部用手語。）由此判斷，該系統(tǒng)可以使用手語和失聰寶寶進(jìn)行交流和學(xué)習(xí)，對(duì)失聰寶寶是非常有益的。故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。第四段提到“Forexample,ifthebabypointstowardsthescreen,theavatarmightrespond,“Areyoupointingtome?”andfollowthatupwithafairytale,orsomenecessarysocialmunication,allinsignlanguage.The“conversation”continuesuntilthekidlosesinterest.（例如，如果嬰兒指向屏幕，虛擬形象可能會(huì)回應(yīng)，“你是在指我嗎?，然后再講一個(gè)童話故事，或者進(jìn)行一些必要的社交交流，全部用手語。“談話”一直持續(xù)到孩子失去興趣為止。）”由此判斷，該段在講述語言學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)器人的工作原理。故選A。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。最后一段最后一句提到“Petittosaysnaturallanguage,whethermunicatedthroughspeechorsign,startsthesamepartsofthebrainandbelievesthemovementprovesthebabiesarelearningthekeypartsofmunication.（Petitto說，自然語言，無論是通過言語還是手勢(shì)交流，都是從大腦的相同部位開始的，他認(rèn)為這個(gè)動(dòng)作證明嬰兒正在學(xué)習(xí)交流的關(guān)鍵部分。）”由此判斷，失聰寶寶通過語言學(xué)習(xí)系統(tǒng)也能激活語言學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)使用的大腦部位，讓他們也能像正常人一樣學(xué)習(xí)語言，是一種有效的語言學(xué)習(xí)方式。故選C。DToomuchtimespentongaming,smartphonesandwatchingtelevisionislinkedtoheightenedlevelsanddiagnoses(診斷)ofanxietyordepressioninchildrenasyoungasage2,accordingtoanewstudy.Evenafteronlyonehourofscreentimedaily,childrenandteensmaybegintohavelesscuriosity,lowerselfcontrol,lessemotionalstabilityandagreaterinabilitytofinishtasks,reportsSanDiegoStateUniversitypsychologistJeanTwengeandUniversityofCeorgiapsychologyprofessorW.KeithCampbell.Theywereparticularlyinterestedinassociationsbetweenscreentimeanddiagnosesofanxietyanddepressioninyouth,whichhasnotyetbeenstudiedingreatdetail.TwengeandCampbellfoundadolescentswhospendmorethansevenhoursadayonscreensweretwiceaslikelyasthosespendingonehourtohavebeendiagnosedwithanxietyordepression.Overall,linksbetweenscreentimeandwellbeingwerelargeramongadolescentsthanamongyoungchildren.“Atfirst,Iwassurprisedthattheassociationswerelargerforadolescents,”Twengesaid.“However,adolescentsspendmoretimeontheirphonesandonsocialmedia,andtheseactivitiesaremorestronglylinkedtolowwellbeingthanwatchingtelevisionandvideos,whichismostofyoungerchildren’sscreentime.”ThestudyprovidesfurtherevidencethattheAmericanAcademyofPediatrics’(AAP)establishedscreentimelimits—onehourperdayforthoseaged2to5,withafocusonhighqualityprograms—arevalid(有效的),Twengesaid.Thestudyalsosuggeststhatsimilarlimits—perhapstotwohoursadayshouldbeappliedtoschoolagedchildrenandadolescents,saidTwenge.Intermsofprevention,establishingpossiblecausesandoutesoflowpsychologicalwellbeingisespeciallyimportantforchildandadolescentpopulations.“Halfofmentalhealthproblemsdevelopbyadolescence,”TwengeandCampbellwroteintheirpaper.12.WhatdoweknowaboutTwengeandCampbell’sstudyaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Itrequiresfurtherresearch.B.Itbringschildrenlessfort.C.Itneedsgreaterabilitytofinish.D.Itgeneratesmorepublicconcern.13.Whatisareasonforthedifferentdegreesofimpactonchildren?A.Theeffectsoftheharmfulcontents.BTeens’strongeraddictiontoscreens.C.Theportabilityofelectronicdevices.D.Teens’negativeemotionsatdiscipline.14.WhichofthefollowingdotheresearcherswantAAPtodo?A.Providehighqualityprograms.B.Issueminimumscreentimelimits.C.Applythelimitstoolderchildren.D.Presentfurtherevidenceforprevention.15.Whatdoesthisstudyfocuson?A.Adolescents’mentalproblems.B.Thebadhabitsoftheyoungadults.C.Lowlevelofmentalhealthinyouth.D.Theimportanceoftheyoungpopulation.【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)結(jié)果，該研究表明，在游戲、智能和看電視上花費(fèi)太多時(shí)間與兒童或青少年的焦慮或抑郁水平升高和診斷有關(guān)?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theywereparticularlyinterestedinassociationsbetweenscreentimeanddiagnosesofanxietyanddepressioninyouth,whichhasnotyetbeenstudiedingreatdetail.(他們對(duì)屏幕使用時(shí)間與青少年焦慮和抑郁診斷之間的關(guān)系特別感興趣，這一點(diǎn)尚未得到詳細(xì)研究。)”可推斷，Twenge和Campbell的研究還需要更進(jìn)一步。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段““Atfirst,Iwassurprisedthattheassociationswerelargerforadolescents,”Twengesaid.“However,adolescentsspendmoretimeontheirphonesandonsocialmedia,andtheseactivitiesaremorestronglylinkedtolowwellbeingthanwatchingtelevisionandvideos,whichismostofyoungerchildren’sscreentime.”(“起初，我很驚訝這種聯(lián)系在青少年中更大，”特溫格說?！叭欢?，青少年花在和社交媒體上的時(shí)間更多，這些活動(dòng)與低幸福感的聯(lián)系比看電視和視頻更緊密，而電視和視頻是年幼兒童的大部分屏幕時(shí)間。”)”可知，青少年對(duì)于屏幕的使用時(shí)間更長，所以影響更大。故選B。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“ThestudyprovidesfurtherevidencethattheAmericanAcademyofPediatrics’(AAP)establishedscreentimelimits—onehourperdayforthoseaged2to5,withafocusonhighqualityprograms—arevalid(有效的),Twengesaid.Thestudyalsosuggeststhatsimilarlimits—perhapstotwohoursadayshouldbeappliedtoschoolagedchildrenandadolescents,saidTwenge.(Twenge說，這項(xiàng)研究進(jìn)一步證明了美國兒科學(xué)會(huì)(AAP)制定的屏幕時(shí)間限制是有效的——2至5歲兒童每天一小時(shí)，重點(diǎn)是高質(zhì)量的節(jié)目。Twenge說，這項(xiàng)研究還表明，學(xué)齡兒童和青少年也應(yīng)該受到類似的限制，可能是每天兩小時(shí)。)”可知，Twenge希望AAP能把這種限制用于年齡較大的兒童。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容以及最后一段“Intermsofprevention,establishingpossiblecausesandoutesoflowpsychologicalwellbeingisespeciallyimportantforchildandadolescentpopulations.“Halfofmentalhealthproblemsdevelopbyadolescence,”TwengeandCampbellwroteintheirpaper.(在預(yù)防方面，確定心理健康低下的可能原因和結(jié)果對(duì)兒童和青少年人群尤其重要。Twenge和Campbell在他們的論文中寫道：“一半的心理健康問題是在青春期出現(xiàn)的。”)”可推斷，他們的研究重點(diǎn)在青少年的心理健康方面。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Socialactivitiesfortheelderlyarenecessarybecausetheyhelpinbringingaboutconsiderableimprovementintheiroverallwellbeing.____16____Itmaybedifficultforthemtotakecareofanentiregarden,butanumberofsmallpottedindoorplantsarejustperfectforthem.____17____Aselderlypeoplecannotmovefreely,wheelchairdanceshavebeeincreasinglypopular.Gatheragroupofsuchpeoplewhohaveinterestindance.Hireoneinstructorwhospecializesinteachingthistypeofdance.Besides,therearesomecreativeactivitiesfortheelderly,forexample,encouragingthemtomakeacollage(拼貼畫)usingalltheirfamilyphotographsandmementos.Allofuslovetolookattheoldphotographs.____18____Theycanalsodecoratethecollageswithsmalldecorativeitemslikeleavesandconstructionpaper.Andtheycanjoinahobbyclasswhereallelderlypeoplewilllearnmusicandart.____19____Makethenecessaryarrangementsforthatparticularinstrumentsothatheorshecanplaythatinstrumentintheirleisuretime.Socialactivitiesfortheelderlyintheformofentertainmenthaveatherapeutic(治療的)effectontheirmindandbody.Fishing,boating,playinggolf,etc,areenjoyedbytheelderlyastheycanbedonewithminimumphysicalmovements.____20____Andsomesportsequipmentshouldbechangedfortheconvenienceoftheelderly.A.Elderlypeoplearenoexceptiontothat.B.Danceiswhatpeopleofanyagecanenjoy.C.Theycanrecordtheirdanceinavideorecorder.D.Indoors,therearevideogameswithadaptivecontrols.E.Thebasicaimistoimproveelderlypeople’sflexibility.F.Somemayhavetheskillstoplaythepiano,forexample.G.Gardeningisatypicalonethatelderlypeopleenjoyalot.【答案】16.G17.B18.A19.F20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本篇主要推薦了一些適合老年人做的社交活動(dòng)，這些活動(dòng)大多運(yùn)動(dòng)量不大，有益老年人的身心健康。【16題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Itmaybedifficultforthemtotakecareofanentiregarden,butanumberofsmallpottedindoorplantsarejustperfectforthem.(他們可能很難照顧整個(gè)花園，但一些小型盆栽室內(nèi)植物正適合他們)”可知，照顧整個(gè)花園對(duì)老人來說可能太過困難。由此推知，上文提到了老人照顧花園的工作。G項(xiàng)“園藝是老年人非常喜歡的一種典型活動(dòng)”符合文意，gardening呼應(yīng)下文的garden。故選G?！?7題詳解】空處為本段主旨句。根據(jù)下文“Aselderlypeoplecannotmovefreely,wheelchairdanceshavebeeincreasinglypopular.Gatheragroupofsuchpeoplewhohaveinterestindance.(由于老年人不能自由活動(dòng)，輪椅舞變得越來越流行。聚集一群對(duì)舞蹈感興趣的人)”可知，本段建議老人通過跳舞進(jìn)行社交。B項(xiàng)“舞蹈是所有年齡段的人都可以做的”符合本段主旨。故選B。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Allofuslovetolookattheoldphotographs.(我們所有人都喜歡看那些舊照片)”可知，所有人都喜歡老照片。由此推知，老人也不例外。A項(xiàng)“老人也不例外”符合文意。故選A。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Andtheycanjoinahobbyclasswhereallelderlypeoplewilllearnmusicandart.(他們還可以參加一個(gè)業(yè)余班，所有老年人都可以在那里學(xué)習(xí)音樂和藝術(shù))”可知，本段在講老年人可以做一些藝術(shù)、音樂活動(dòng)。F項(xiàng)“例如，有些人可能有彈鋼琴的技能”符合本段主旨，彈鋼琴屬于音樂和藝術(shù)的范疇。故選F?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Fishing,boating,playinggolf,etc,areenjoyedbytheelderlyastheycanbedonewithminimumphysicalmovements.(老年人喜歡釣魚、劃船、打高爾夫球等，因?yàn)樗麄兛梢杂米钌俚捏w力活動(dòng))”可知，上文提到了一些老人可以參與的戶外活動(dòng)。由此推知，空處陳述他們可以參與的一些室內(nèi)活動(dòng)。D項(xiàng)“在室內(nèi)，有帶有自適應(yīng)控制的視頻游戲”符合文意。故選D。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ThisisthestoryofMoyo,arescuedelephantinZimbabweElephantNursery,alocalnongovernmentalorganizationcalledWildIsLife.Sheisprobablyoneofthe___21___elephantcubsevertoberescued.Shecametothenurserywhenshewasaboutthreetofour___22___old.Sheweighed56kilos,and___23___ajustbornAfricanelephantcubweighsabout90kilos.Soshewasaspecialiconiclittleelephant.Undergoodcareofthestaffthere,shemanagedto___24___.EveryyearhundredsofyoungelephantsareorphanedacrosstheAfricancontinentandrarelyhaveachanceof___25___inthewildandaremoreoftenthannot,lefttodie.“Werescuebabies,andweprovide___26___forthem.Wemakesuretheyareingood___27___here,andhelpthemregaintheir___28___neededinthewild.Wearetryingtocreateaculturewherepeople___29___,”said,RoxyDanckwerts,thefounderofWildIsLife.Moyoisaboutfourandahalfyearsoldpow.Sheishealthy,playful,andhasbeesomekindofambassadortothenursery.Therefore,shehastotakeonalotof____30____forsuchayounganimalalmostbeingaleaderattheveryyoungage.Sheisgentle,calm,andvery____31____totheotherelephantsthateintothenursery.Sheisalsoverygoodwithpeople.Butunfortunately,they’renotmuchmorethanobjectsofmoneyintheeyesofivory(象牙)dealers.Zimbabwehasa____32____elephanthuntingproblem.Someregionsare____33____asmuchas75Percentoftheelephantpopulationoverthepast10years.ThatiswhyDanckwertsfeelsexcitedatChina’sdecisionto____34____illegalivorysales,whichhebelieveshasbeeamajorturningpointandasignaltotheworldthatChinahasmadea____35____.21.A.cleverest B.worst C.eagerest D.smallest22.A.days B.months C.weeks D.years23.A.normally B.officially C.strictly D.unusually24.A.setout B.jumpup C.getaway D.pullthrough25.A.escape B.survival C.freedom D.extinction26.A.shelter B.service C.advice D.wealth27.A.eyes B.legs C.arms D.hands28.A.habitats B.partners C.skills D.parents29.A.tour B.care C.wander D.study30.A.risk B.responsibility C.work D.discussion31.A.friendly B.wellknown C.superior D.strange32.A.simple B.serious C.tiny D.random33.A.gaining B.supporting C.losing D.controlling34.A.allow B.promote C.reduce D.ban35.A.mistake B.deal C.living D.move【答案】21.D22.A23.A24.D25.B26.A27.D28.C29.B30.B31.A32.B33.C34.D35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了津巴布韋大象保育中心獲救的大象莫約的故事，該保育中心是當(dāng)?shù)胤钦M織，救助并且?guī)椭艘恍┮吧笙??！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她可能是迄今為止獲救的最小的象崽之一。A.cleverest最聰明的；B.worst最壞的；C.eagerest最熱切的；D.smallest最小的。根據(jù)下文“Shecametothenurserywhenshewasaboutthreetofour2old.Sheweighed56kilos,and3ajustbornAfricanelephantcubweighsabout90kilos.”推知，Moyo是獲救的最小的象崽之一。故選D。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她來育嬰室的時(shí)候才三到四天大。A.days天；B.months月；C.weeks周；D.years年。根據(jù)后文“Sheweighed56kilos,and3ajustbornAfricanelephantcubweighsabout90kilos.”推知，Moyo在被送往救助中心時(shí)應(yīng)是3、4天大。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：它重56公斤，通常，剛出生的非洲象幼崽重約90公斤。A.normally通常；B.officially官方地；C.strictly嚴(yán)格地；D.unusually不尋常地。根據(jù)“ajustbornAfricanelephantcubweighsabout90kilos.”并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，通常剛出生的小象大約90公斤。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：在工作人員的精心照顧下，她終于恢復(fù)了健康。A.setdown記下；B.jumpup突然站起來；C.getaway離開；D.pullthrough恢復(fù)健康。根據(jù)上文“ThisisthestoryofMoyo,arescuedelephantinZimbabweElephantNursery”和此處“Undergoodcareofthestaffthere”可知，Moyo經(jīng)過救助，最終獲得了健康。故選D。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：非洲大陸每年都有數(shù)百頭小象成為孤兒，它們?cè)谝巴夂苌儆猩娴臋C(jī)會(huì)，更多的是被遺棄而死。A.escape逃脫；B.survival存活；C.freedom自由；D.extinction滅絕。過呢?fù)?jù)下文“moreoftenthannot,lefttodie.”可知，小象在野外生存的機(jī)會(huì)很小。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們拯救幼崽并且給它們提供庇護(hù)。A.shelter庇護(hù)；B.service服務(wù)；C.advice建議；D.wealth財(cái)富。根據(jù)上文“ThisisthestoryofMoyo,arescuedelephantinZimbabweElephantNursery,alocalnongovernmentalorganizationcalledWildIsLife.”可知，這是一個(gè)動(dòng)物保護(hù)救助組織，該組織在救助了大象幼崽后會(huì)給它們提供庇護(hù)所。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們確保他們?cè)谶@里得到很好的照顧，并幫助他們重新獲得野外所需的技能。A.eyes眼睛；B.legs腿；C.arms手臂；D.hands手。結(jié)合句意可知，此處考查固定短語ingoodhands“照顧的很好”，指員工很好地照顧救助的大象。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們確保他們?cè)谶@里得到很好的照顧，并幫助他們重新獲得野外所需的技能。A.habitats棲息地；B.partners伴侶；C.skills技能；D.parents父母。根據(jù)后文“neededinthewild”可知，此處指幫助被救助大象獲得在野外生存的技能。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們正在努力創(chuàng)造一種人們關(guān)心的文化。A.tour旅行；B.care關(guān)心；C.wander漫步；D.study學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)上文“Werescuebabies,andweprovideshelterforthem.Wemakesuretheyareingoodhandshere”可知，該動(dòng)物保護(hù)組織致力于幫助動(dòng)物，并且希望能創(chuàng)造一個(gè)大家都能關(guān)心動(dòng)物的文化。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，她為很多這么小的動(dòng)物承擔(dān)很多責(zé)任，幾乎在很小的時(shí)候就成為了領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。A.risk風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；B.responsibility責(zé)任；C.work工作；D.discussion討論。根據(jù)下文“almostbeingaleaderattheveryyoungage.”推知，成為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者就要承擔(dān)相應(yīng)的責(zé)任。故選B。【31題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她溫柔、平靜，對(duì)進(jìn)入保育室的其他大象非常友好。A.friendly友好的；B.wellknown著名的；C.superior優(yōu)越的；D.strange強(qiáng)壯的。根據(jù)“Sheisgentle,calm”和后文提到“Sheisalsoverygoodwithpeople.”推知，Moyo對(duì)保育室的其他大象非常友好。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：津巴布韋有嚴(yán)重的大象狩獵問題。A.simple簡單的；B.serious嚴(yán)重的；C.tiny極小的；D.random隨機(jī)的。根據(jù)上文“Butunfortunately,they’renotmuchmorethanobjectsofmoneyintheeyesofivorydealers.”可知，在津巴布韋被獵殺的大象數(shù)量很多，有著非常嚴(yán)重的大象狩獵問題。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在過去10年里，一些地區(qū)的大象數(shù)量減少了75%。A.gaining獲得；B.supporting支持；C.losing減少；D.controlling控制。根據(jù)上文“Zimbabwehasa12elephanthuntingproblem.”