遵義市2022～2023學年度第二學期期末質(zhì)量監(jiān)測高二英語（滿分：150分，時間：120分鐘）注意事項：1.考試開始前，請用黑色簽字筆將答題卡上的姓名，班級，考號填寫清楚，并在相應位置粘貼條形碼。2.客觀題答題時，請用2B鉛筆答題，若需改動，請用橡皮輕輕擦拭干凈后再選涂其它選項；主觀題答題時，請用黑色簽字筆在答題卡相應的位置答題；在規(guī)定區(qū)域以外的答題不給分；在試卷上作答無效。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhatdidJanedointheholiday?A.Sherodeahorse.B.Sheswam.C.Shewentcamping.2.WhydidDavidcomehomelate?A.Becausehewenttothelibrary.B.Becauseheworkedafterschool.C.Becauseheenjoyedasoccergame.3.Whatdoesthemanneed?A.Asweater.B.Ajacket.C.Ashirt.4.Whichtrainwillthemantake?A.The11:30pmone.B.The12:45pmone.C.The2:00pmone.5.Whatarethemanandthewomantalkingabout?A.Acinema.B.Afilm.C.Anactor.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatmightthewomanbe?A.AfriendofAndy’s.B.Adoctorinthehospital.C.AnurseattendingAndy.7.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Washthefruit.B.Staywiththeman.C.Leaveforwork.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatwasthelectureabout?A.Seekingjobs.B.Tellingjokes.C.Beingpatient.9.Whatistheman’sdream?A.Toworknearhome.B.Tobeself-employed.C.Totravelwithoutworking.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhatisAmydoingforSally’sbirthday?A.Makingthecake.B.CallingSally’sfriends.C.Bookingapartyroom.11.WhathaveJamesandJaneprepared?A.Adinneratarestaurant.B.Apairofearrings.C.Someballoons.12WhatwillTomdothistime?A.Planthemusic.B.Bringsomejuice.C.Workinthesupermarket.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Colleagues.C.Hostandinterviewee.14.WhatgradewillSallybeinnextyear?A.Grade2.B.Grade3.C.Grade4.15.WhatdoesSallyBrownprobablymajorin?A.Medicalscience.B.Foreignlanguage.C.Education.16.WhatadvicedidSallygiveforstudyingabroad?A.Havingalotofsubjects.B.Learningalocallanguage.C.Studyingtheeducationsystem.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthemaninchargeof?A.Theparkmanagement.B.Theparkfacilities.C.Themapdesign.18.Wherearethegates?A.Inthenorthandsouth.B.Inthewestandsouth.C.Inthewestandeast.19Whereisthecafe?A.Neartheplayground.B.Neartheparkcenter.C.Neartheoldmuseum.20.Whathavehappenedtothegardens?A.Theyremainthesame.B.Theyhavebecomelakes.C.Theyhavebeenreplanted.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AThisyear'sAutumnShowpromisesbothbeautifulgardeningplantdisplaysandoutstandingproduce.Gardeninspirationforbothexpertandoccasionalgardenerwillfeatureinabundance.VisitorstotheshowcanalsoenjoyNewbyHall'sawardwinninggardens,greatgardenshopping,andimpressiveplantartequipmentwithinNewbyHall.Dates:15-17(Friday-Sunday)September2023Location:NewbyHall,Ripon,NorthYorkshireExplorethelocalareaForthosewishingtoexplorethemanyattractionsofNorthYorkshireoveralongerperiod,whynotstaylocaltotheshow?Awiderangeofaccommodationisavailablethroughoutthearea.Harrogate,BoroughbridgeandRiponareallwithineasydrivingdistancetotheevent,offeringhotels,B&B's,andcampsites.NewbyHallitselfwillbeofferingcampingforvisitorsduringtheshow,locatedintheheartofthisarea.PublicTransportBus:TheeventislocatedclosetothecityofRipon,whichisservicedbytheNo.36bus,runningdirectlybetweenLeeds,HarrogateandRipon.(Pleasenote,No.36doesnotrunonweekends.)TherearealsoregularbusesontheNo.22servicefromYork.(Pleasenote,No.22doesnotrunonSundays.)TherewillalsobeadirectshuttlebusofferingvisitorsdirecttransportationfromHarrogateBusStationtotheshowitself.Train:TheclosesttrainstationtoNewbyHallisinHarrogatewhichhasgoodconnectionswithmanymajornationalnetworkroutes.(Pleasenote,thetraintoNewbyHalldoesnotrunonSundays.)Tofindoutmoreinformationabouttheshowandbook,clickhere.1.Whatcanvisitorsdointhelocalarea?A.Stayinfreehotels. B.Explorevariousattractions.C.Campindistantplaces. D.Entergardeningcompetitions.2.HowcanvisitorsgototheshowfromHarrogateonSunday?A.OnaNo.36bus. B.OnaNo.22bus.C.Onadirectshuttlebus. D.OnatraintoNewbyHall.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook. B.Awebsite.C.Atravelplan. D.Anartmagazine.【答案】1.B2.C3.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了今年秋季展覽會的內(nèi)容和活動安排。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Explorethelocalarea部分“ForthosewishingtoexplorethemanyattractionsofNorthYorkshireoveralongerperiod,whynotstaylocaltotheshow?(對于那些希望在更長時間內(nèi)探索北約克郡眾多景點的人來說，為什么不留在當?shù)啬兀浚笨芍?，游客在當?shù)乜梢蕴剿鞲鞣N景點。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bus部分“TherewillalsobeadirectshuttlebusofferingvisitorsdirecttransportationfromHarrogateBusStationtotheshowitself.(還將有一輛直達穿梭巴士，為游客提供從哈羅蓋特汽車站到展覽現(xiàn)場的直接交通服務。）”可知，周日從哈羅蓋特來的游客可以乘坐直達穿梭巴士去看演出。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Tofindoutmoreinformationabouttheshowandbook,clickhere.(欲了解更多有關展覽和書籍的信息，請點擊這里。)”可推斷，這篇短文可能取自一個網(wǎng)站。故選B。BBorninRyazan,Russia,thehometownofRussianpoetSergeiYesenin,AnastasiaPodarevaseemstobedestinedforasimilarcareer.Podareva,28,haslovedpoetrysinceshewasagirl,whenherfatherwouldintroducehertoworksbygreatRussianpoetssuchasAlexanderPushkinand,ofcourse,Yesenin.Growingup,shewrotemanypoemsinbothRussianandEnglish.AftershecametoChinatostudyin2013,theworldofChinesepoetryopenedupbeforeher.ShesoongaveherselfapoeticChinesename,TangXilan,with“tang”referringtotheTangDynasty(618-907),whenChinesepoetryenteredagoldenage,andboth“xi”and“l(fā)an”arecharacterstakenfromTheBookofSongs,theearliestcollectionofChinesepoetry.Hernamemeansanorchid(蘭花)thatbloomsinthemorning.“OnethingthatstrikesmeinreadingandwritingChinesepoetryisthepowerofthelanguage-it’smelodious(悅耳的)andrhythmic,”saysPodarevainMyChinaSurprise,avideoseriesproducedby21stCentury.Overthepastdecade,Podarevahaswonawardsinmultiplepoetrywritingcompetitions,publishedherownChinesepoetrycollections,andparticipatedinChinesePoetryConference,oneoftheleadingpoetry-themedTVprogramsinChina.Ontopofthat,hermostunforgettablememoryisthatoneofherpoemswasturnedintoasong.Andevenbetter:Shesangitherself.Thepoem,titledIf,waswritteninearlyof2020atthebeginningoftheCOVID-19pandemic.AfterwitnessingChina’sunityasitfacedthepandemic,PodarevafeltasonewiththeChinesepeople.“Iwantedtocreatesomethingpositivetohelpinspireandencouragepeopleintimesofdifficulty,”shesays.“SomepeoplemaypraiseChinainaverystraightforwardway,butIprefertoexpressmyfeelingsaboutthecountrythroughdifferentstylesofpoems.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutPodarevabeforeshecametoChina?A.Shefellinlovewithpoetry.B.ShelearnedfromYesenininperson.C.ShebecameafamouspoetinRussia.D.ShetranslatedRussianpoemsintoEnglish.5.WhydidPodarevanameherself“TangXilan”?A.ItdatesfromtheSongDynasty. B.ItshowcaseshersuccessinChina.C.ItrelatestotheChinesepoetry. D.Ithasbeautifulrhythmandmelodies.6.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Podareva’spoetryjourneyinChina. B.Podareva’samazingtalentinsinging.C.Podareva’sfightagainstthepandemic. D.Podareva’simpressionofChinesepoetry.7.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Peoplehavetroubleingaininginspiration.B.PodarevahasdeeploveforChinesepeople.C.Poetryisthebestformofshowingemotions.D.China’sunitywaschallengedbythepandemic.【答案】4.A5.C6.A7.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了俄羅斯詩人AnastasiaPodareva的背景和她對中國詩歌的熱愛?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Podareva,28,haslovedpoetrysinceshewasagirl,whenherfatherwouldintroducehertoworksbygreatRussianpoetssuchasAlexanderPushkinand,ofcourse,Yesenin.Growingup,shewrotemanypoemsinbothRussianandEnglish.(28歲的Podareva從小就喜歡詩歌，那時她的父親會向她介紹偉大的俄羅斯詩人的作品，比如亞歷山大·普希金，當然還有葉賽寧。長大后，她用俄語和英語寫了許多詩)”可知，在來中國之前，Podareva就愛上了詩歌。故選A。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“ShesoongaveherselfapoeticChinesename,TangXilan,with“tang”referringtotheTangDynasty(618-907),whenChinesepoetryenteredagoldenage,andboth“xi”and“l(fā)an”arecharacterstakenfromTheBookofSongs,theearliestcollectionofChinesepoetry.Hernamemeansanorchid(蘭花)thatbloomsinthemorning.(她很快就給自己起了一個富有詩意的中文名字，唐熙蘭，“唐”指的是唐朝（618-907）當時中國詩歌進入了一個黃金時代，“熙”和”蘭”都取自中國最早的詩歌總集《詩經(jīng)》。她的名字的意思是早上開花的蘭花)”可推知，Podareva稱自己為“唐熙蘭”，因為它與中國詩歌有關。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Overthepastdecade,Podarevahaswonawardsinmultiplepoetrywritingcompetitions,publishedherownChinesepoetrycollections,andparticipatedinChinesePoetryConference,oneoftheleadingpoetry-themedTVprogramsinChina.Ontopofthat,hermostunforgettablememoryisthatoneofherpoemswasturnedintoasong.Andevenbetter:Shesangitherself.Thepoem,titledIf,waswritteninearlyof2020atthebeginningoftheCOVID-19pandemic.(在過去的十年里，Podareva在多個詩歌寫作比賽中獲獎，出版了自己的中文詩集，并參加了中國詩歌主題電視節(jié)目之一的中國詩歌大會。除此之外，她最難忘的記憶是她的一首詩被改編成了一首歌。更棒的是：她自己唱的。這首名為《如果》的詩寫于2020年初的新冠肺炎疫情)”可知，第五段主要講Podareva在中國的詩歌之旅。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“AfterwitnessingChina’sunityasitfacedthepandemic,PodarevafeltasonewiththeChinesepeople.“Iwantedtocreatesomethingpositivetohelpinspireandencouragepeopleintimesofdifficulty,”shesays.“SomepeoplemaypraiseChinainaverystraightforwardway,butIprefertoexpressmyfeelingsaboutthecountrythroughdifferentstylesofpoems.”(在目睹了中國面對疫情時的團結之后，Podareva感到與中國人民是一體的?！拔蚁雱?chuàng)造一些積極的東西，在困難的時候幫助激勵和鼓勵人們，”她說。“有些人可能會以非常直白的方式贊美中國，但我更喜歡通過不同風格的詩歌來表達我對這個國家的感受?！?”可推知，Podareva對中國人民有著深厚的感情。故選B。CEnvironmentalgroupshavelongcriticizedtheprivatejets(噴氣式飛機)forbeingalargecontributortoglobalcarbondioxideemissions,andlastweek,environmentalistsmadeheadlinesbyinterruptingaprivatejettradeshowinSwitzerland.Privatejetsoftencovershorterdistancesthancommercialones.Theyaregenerallylessefficient(高效的)andtheiremissionsperpassengeraremuchhigher.AccordingtodatafromEuropeannon-profitTransportandEnvironment,privatejetscanbe5to14timesmorepollutingthancommercialplanes,and50timesmorepollutingthantrains.ResearchmadebyGreenpeaceshowedthatprivatejetsinEuropealoneemitted3.39millionmetrictonsofCO2in2022,nearlyequaltotheemissionsfrom753,000gas-poweredcarsintheUSdrivenforayear.Butexpertssaytheprivateaviation(航空)industrycanstillplayaroleintheglobalfightagainstclimatechange,andsomeintheindustryarelookingatcreativewaystodiminishitsenvironmentalimpact.AsamemberoftheInternationalAirTransportAssociation(IATA),alongwithothermajorcommercialairlines,Dubai-basedprivateaviationcompanyJetexlaunchedthe2050Project:thezerocarbonemissions.“Jetexisalwaysthinkingabouthowtocooperatewitheveryonetodealwithclimatechange,”saidDr.Suzanne,aprofessorofaviationattheUniversityofWaterloo.“Andnowitisworkingonchangingallofitslocationsintofullygreenonesinthefuture.Onceitsucceeds,itwillofferanewapproachtotheenvironmentalprotection.”ThroughapartnershipwithoilcompanyNeste,in2021Jetexstartedofferingsustainableaviationfuels(SAF),madefromrenewablewaste,topassengersatitsHelsinkiAirport.ThatsameyearatitsParisLe-BourgetAirport,itbeganofferingSAFproducedbyFrenchcompanyTotalEnergies,madefromusedcookingoil.AlimitedsupplyofSAFmeansitisn’tavailableateveryairport,butthecompanysaysitwantstomakeSAFafueloptiontoitstravelersacrossallitslocationsworldwide.8.Whatdoweknowaboutprivatejetsaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Theyenjoygreatpopularity.B.Theychargepassengersmore.C.Theygiveoffmorecarbondioxide.D.Theytravelfartherthancommercialplanes.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“diminish”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Expand. B.Present. C.Overlook. D.Reduce.10.WhatisDr.Suzanne’sattitudetothe“2050Project”?A.Indifferent. B.Carefree. C.Tolerant. D.Supportive.11.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.PrivateJets’GreenPath. B.TheBirthofSAF.C.TheFutureofCommercialPlanes. D.Jetex’sCooperationwithOthers.【答案】8.C9.D10.D11.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹了私人飛機對全球二氧化碳排放的貢獻以及環(huán)保組織對其的批評?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Environmentalgroupshavelongcriticizedtheprivatejets(噴氣式飛機)forbeingalargecontributortoglobalcarbondioxideemissions,andlastweek,environmentalistsmadeheadlinesbyinterruptingaprivatejettradeshowinSwitzerland.(環(huán)保組織長期以來一直批評私人飛機是全球二氧化碳排放的主要來源，上周，環(huán)保人士因中斷瑞士的私人飛機貿(mào)易展而成為頭條新聞。)”可知，私人飛機釋放出更多的二氧化碳。故選C?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第三段劃線詞前半句“Butexpertssaytheprivateaviation(航空)industrycanstillplayaroleintheglobalfightagainstclimatechange,(但專家表示，私營航空業(yè)仍然可以在全球應對氣候變化的斗爭中發(fā)揮作用，)”可知，私營航空業(yè)的一些人正在尋找創(chuàng)造性的方法來減少其對環(huán)境的影響。diminish的意思是“減少”。A.Expand.擴展；B.Present.贈與；C.Overlook.忽略；D.Reduce.減少。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段““Jetexisalwaysthinkingabouthowtocooperatewitheveryonetodealwithclimatechange,”saidDr.Suzanne,aprofessorofaviationattheUniversityofWaterloo.“Andnowitisworkingonchangingallofitslocationsintofullygreenonesinthefuture.Onceitsucceeds,itwillofferanewapproachtotheenvironmentalprotection.”(“Jetex總是在思考如何與所有人合作應對氣候變化，”滑鐵盧大學航空學教授蘇珊娜博士說?！艾F(xiàn)在，該公司正致力于在未來將所有的辦公場所都改造成完全綠色的場所。一旦成功，它將為環(huán)境保護提供一種新的途徑。”)”可知，蘇珊娜博士對“2050項目”持支持態(tài)度。A.Indifferent.不在乎的；B.Carefree.無憂無慮的；C.Tolerant.忍受的；D.Supportive.支持的。故選D。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Environmentalgroupshavelongcriticizedtheprivatejets(噴氣式飛機)forbeingalargecontributortoglobalcarbondioxideemissions,andlastweek,environmentalistsmadeheadlinesbyinterruptingaprivatejettradeshowinSwitzerland.(環(huán)保組織長期以來一直批評私人飛機是全球二氧化碳排放的主要來源。上周，環(huán)保人士打斷了在瑞士舉行的私人飛機貿(mào)易展，成為頭條新聞。)”和倒數(shù)第二段““Jetexisalwaysthinkingabouthowtocooperatewitheveryonetodealwithclimatechange,”saidDr.Suzanne,aprofessorofaviationattheUniversityofWaterloo.“Andnowitisworkingonchangingallofitslocationsintofullygreenonesinthefuture.Onceitsucceeds,itwillofferanewapproachtotheenvironmentalprotection.”(“Jetex總是在思考如何與所有人合作應對氣候變化，”滑鐵盧大學航空學教授蘇珊娜博士說。“現(xiàn)在，該公司正致力于在未來將所有的辦公場所都改造成完全綠色的場所。一旦成功，它將為環(huán)境保護提供一種新的途徑?！?”及全文可知，本文主要介紹了私人飛機對全球二氧化碳排放的貢獻以及環(huán)保組織對其的批評。因此本文的最佳標題是APrivateJets’GreenPath(私人飛機的綠色通道）。故選A。DThirstyorstressedplantsdonotsufferinsilence.Instead,theymakehigh-pitched(尖銳的)sounds,accordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalCell.Thereasonwhyyouhaveprobablyneverheardtheplants’soundsisthatmosthumansareonlyabletohearsoundsashighas20kilohertz(kHz),buttheplantsmadesoundsmostlybetween40and80kHz,LilachHadany,aco-authorofthestudyatTelAvivUniversity,tellsBusinessInsider’sMarianneGuenot.Plants,obviously,donothaveorganstomakesounds.Lilachsays,thepresentpopulartheoryonhowtheymakenoisescentersonplants’xylem(木質(zhì)部),thetubesthattransportwaterfromtheirrootstotheirstems(根莖)andleaves.Intheprocessoftransporting,whenanairbubble(氣泡)formsorbreaksinthexylem,itmightmakealittlenoise;bubblesaremorelikelytoformwhenaplantissufferingfromdrought.Buttheexactprocessrequiresfurtherstudy,Lilachexplains.Tolistenintoplants,Lilachandherco-workersplacedtobaccoandtomatoplantsinsmallboxesequippedwithmicrophones.First,theystoppedprovidingwatertosomeplantsintheboxesandcutthestemsofothers.Then,themicrophoneswereusedtopickupanynoisesmadebytheplantseventhoughtheycouldn’thearthem.Researchersfoundthatthesoundsdidshowthespecifictypesofstressesplantswereexperiencing.Thirstytomatoandtobaccoplantsmadeanaverageofabout35and11soundsperhour,individually,whilecuttomatoandtobaccoplantsmade25and15noisesperhour.Intheory,theserecordedsoundscouldhelpfarmersknowaboutwhichcropsaremostinneedofwater.“Whenmoreandmoreareasareexposedtodroughtduetoclimatechange,efficientwaterusebecomesevenmoreimportant,forbothfoodsecurityandecology,”Lilachwithherco-workerswrite.12.Whydohumansfailtohearthesoundsofplants?A.Thesoundsarestressful.B.Thesoundsarebeyondhuman’shearingrange.C.Thesoundsarelow-pitched.D.Thesoundsarebetween20kHzand40kHz.13.Whatmightcausethirstyplantstoproducesounds?A.Sufferingfromlackofair.B.Stemsandleavestransportingwater.C.Moreairbubblesgatheringintheroots.D.Airbubbles’formingorbreakinginthexylem.14.WhatdidLilachandherco-workersfindinthestudy?A.Noisescanbepickedupbymicrophones. B.Plantsmakemoresoundsinsmallboxes.C.Cutplantssufferthesameasthirstyones. D.Differentsoundsindicateplants’stresstypes.15.What’sthepotentialuseofthesoundrecordings?A.Toharvestthecrops. B.Tosolvethefoodproblem.C.Tolocatethethirstycrops. D.Topreventclimatechange.【答案】12.B13.D14.D15.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，干渴或壓力過大的植物會發(fā)出高頻聲音。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thereasonwhyyouhaveprobablyneverheardtheplants’soundsisthatmosthumansareonlyabletohearsoundsashighas20kilohertz（kHz）,buttheplantsmadesoundsmostlybetween40and80kHz,LilachHadany,aco-authorofthestudyatTelAvivUniversity,tellsBusinessInsider’sMarianneGuenot.(特拉維夫大學這項研究的共同作者LilachHadany告訴BusinessInsider的MarianneGuenot，你可能從未聽到過植物的聲音的原因是，大多數(shù)人只能聽到高達20千赫的聲音，但植物發(fā)出的聲音大多在40到80千赫之間。)”可知，人類聽不到植物的聲音，因為這些聲音超出了人類的聽覺范圍。故選B。【13題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Lilachsays,thepresentpopulartheoryonhowtheymakenoisescentersonplants’xylem(木質(zhì)部),thetubesthattransportwaterfromtheirrootstotheirstems(根莖)andleaves.Intheprocessoftransporting,whenanairbubble(氣泡)formsorbreaksinthexylem,itmightmakealittlenoise;(Lilach說，目前關于它們?nèi)绾沃圃煸胍舻牧餍欣碚摷性谥参锏哪举|(zhì)部，即從根部向莖和葉運輸水分的管道。在運輸過程中，當木質(zhì)部中有氣泡形成或破裂時，可能會發(fā)出一點聲音)”可知，木質(zhì)部中氣泡的形成或破裂可能會導致干渴的植物發(fā)出聲音。故選D?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Thirstytomatoandtobaccoplantsmadeanaverageofabout35and11soundsperhour,individually,whilecuttomatoandtobaccoplantsmade25and15noisesperhour.(口渴的番茄和煙草植物平均每小時分別發(fā)出35和11種聲音，而切開的番茄和煙草植物每小時分別發(fā)出25和15種聲音。)”可知，不同的聲音表明植物的壓力類型。故選D。【15題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Intheory,theserecordedsoundscouldhelpfarmersknowaboutwhichcropsaremostinneedofwater.“Whenmoreandmoreareasareexposedtodroughtduetoclimatechange,efficientwaterusebecomesevenmoreimportant,forbothfoodsecurityandecology,”Lilachwithherco-workerswrite.(理論上，這些記錄的聲音可以幫助農(nóng)民知道哪些作物最需要水?！坝捎跉夂蜃兓?，越來越多的地區(qū)面臨干旱，高效用水變得更加重要，無論是對糧食安全還是生態(tài)而言，”Lilach和她的同事寫道。)”可知，錄音的潛在用途是找到缺水的莊稼。A.Toharvestthecrops.收割莊稼；B.Tosolvethefoodproblem.解決食物問題；C.Tolocatethethirstycrops.找到缺水的莊稼；D.Topreventclimatechange.防止氣候變化。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowToDealWithABullyAbullyissomeonewho,outofhabit,usestheirpowertohurtorfrightenotherpeople.Theyenjoydoingphysicalandemotionalharmtoothersandoftenleavethevictimfeelinghelpless.____16____.However,thesesuggestionsbelowcanstopthesituationfromworsening.AskThemToStopAskingthebulliestostopinafirmandconfidentvoiceissometimesaneffectivemeasuretodealwiththem.Sometimeswhenwedonotspeakupforourselves,thebulliescontinuewiththeirbehaviorthinkingofusaseasytargets.Inthisthought,theyassumethatwewillneverspeakuptothem.____17____.BeAccompanied____18____.Ifyouarewithyourfriends,orifyouareinthecompanyofsomeone,itislesslikelythatthebullywilldisturbyou.Wearenotaskingyoutomakeahugecircleoffriends.Sometimes,allittakesisoneloyalfriendwhowillstaybyyounomatterwhat.TurnTheSituationIntoAJokeSomeofusareborncomediansandwecanturnalmostanythingintoajoke.____19____.Turnthesituationthebullyhascreatedintoajokeorjustsaysomethingfunny.Thiswillbreakthebully’sconfidenceandtheywillknowthatyouarestrongandsureaboutwhoyouare.Thiswillmakethembackoff.Itisnevereasytodealwithalltheunwantedbullyingevenwhenyouhavedonenothingwrong.____20____.Sobebraveandtakeactionnow!A.BulliesusuallyhuntforpeoplewhoarealoneB.ThereisnosimplesolutionwhenitcomestobullyingC.It’sabrilliantideatomakeasmanyfriendsaspossibleD.ButdoingnothingwillonlyresultinmoreintensebullyingE.Ifyouareoneofthesepeople,trytomakefulluseofyourgiftF.Sowhenwedospeakupforourselves,ittakesthembysurpriseG.Whatevertheydo,rememberyouarenotresponsiblefortheiractions【答案】16.B17.F18.A19.E20.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。作者主要介紹了對付霸凌的幾個方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Abullyissomeonewho,outofhabit,usestheirpowertohurtorfrightenotherpeople.Theyenjoydoingphysicalandemotionalharmtoothersandoftenleavethevictimfeelinghelpless.(恃強凌弱的人是出于習慣，使用他們的權力來傷害或嚇唬別人的人。他們喜歡對他人造成身體和情感上的傷害，經(jīng)常讓受害者感到無助。)”以及后句“However,thesesuggestionsbelowcanstopthesituationfromworsening.(然而，以下這些建議可以阻止情況惡化。)”可知，解決欺凌問題很復雜，所以表示“欺凌問題沒有簡單的解決辦法”的選項B可以承接前文霸凌的話題，和后句構成轉(zhuǎn)折關系。故選B?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前句“Inthisthought,theyassumethatwewillneverspeakuptothem.(有這種想法，他們認為我們永遠不會對他們大聲說話來保護自己。)”可知，這里陳述對霸凌者大聲說話產(chǎn)生的效果，所以表示“所以，當我們?yōu)樽约赫f話時，他們會大吃一驚”的選項F可以承接前文，構成因果關系。故選F?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)主題句“BeAccompanied(有人陪同）”以及后句“Ifyouarewithyourfriends,orifyouareinthecompanyofsomeone,itislesslikelythatthebullywilldisturbyou.(如果你和你的朋友在一起，或者你和某人在一起，欺凌者打擾你的可能性就小了。)”可知，有人陪同可以避免被霸凌，所以表示“恃強凌弱的人通常會找孤獨的人”的選項A可以承接本段的主題，后句具體解釋恃強凌弱的人通常會找孤獨的人，故選A?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前句“Someofusareborncomediansandwecanturnalmostanythingintoajoke.(我們中的一些人天生就是喜劇演員，我們幾乎可以把任何事情都變成笑話。)”可知，通過喜劇天賦化解被霸凌，所以表示“如果你是這些人中的一員，試著充分利用你的天賦”的選項E可以承接前文，介紹如果你天生就是喜劇演員，就試著利用一下你的天賦。故選E。20題詳解】根據(jù)前句“Itisnevereasytodealwithalltheunwantedbullyingevenwhenyouhavedonenothingwrong.(即使你沒有做錯任何事，處理所有不必要的欺凌也從來都不是一件容易的事。)”以及后句“Sobebraveandtakeactionnow!(所以現(xiàn)在就勇敢行動吧！)”可知，處理霸凌雖然不易，但要敢于行動，避免更激烈的欺凌，所以表示“但什么都不做只會導致更激烈的欺凌”的選項D可以和前文構成轉(zhuǎn)折關系，和后句構成因果關系。故選D。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Mydadisaconstructionworker.Hedoesn’tseemlikethekindofguywhowould____21____greatbread,butheisandhedoes.I’vebeenfeeling____22____sinceIknewIdidn’tqualifyfortheswimteam.NowI’llhavetowaitawholeyearto____23____again;thatmightaswellbeamillionyears.DadknewIwasfeelingdown.LastSundayhesaiditwastimeformetohelpinthe____24____.Icouldn’timaginewhathelpIcouldoffer.____25____,Ifollowedrightbehindhim.Dadgotouttheflourandmilkandtaughtmehowtomakethedough(面團),whichtooktenminutesand____26____agreatamountofenergy.Nextcamethemostdifficultbut____27____part—doingnothing.Wewaitedforanhourforthedoughto____28____swell(膨脹)anddoubleinsize.Thenwebeattherisendoughdowntolettheairout,divideditintotwoandwaitedforanother___29___.“Takeyourtime.Don’trushtoputthedoughdirectlyintotheoven(烤箱),butifyoudo,thebreadwillbehard.Solearntobe_____30_____,”Dadexplained.Astheflourdustinthekitchenquietlysettled,_____31_____didn’tseemtomatter.Thedoughwasgoingto_____32_____atitsownpace.AsI_____33_____whatDadsaid,Istoppedwalkingaroundandwatchingthe_____34_____.Withapeacefulmind,Istarted_____35_____thequiettimewithDad.Myfathertaughtmehowtobakebread,butIthinkIlearnedsomethingmore.21.A.purchase B.deliver C.bake D.earn22A.heart-broken B.tongue-tied C.cold-blooded D.narrow-minded23.A.settledown B.cheerup C.showoff D.tryout24.A.kitchen B.school C.market D.factory25.A.Even B.Still C.Besides D.Often26.A.demanded B.wasted C.preserved D.weakened27.A.amusing B.annoying C.moving D.surprising28.A.urgently B.casually C.slowly D.temporarily29.A.minute B.hour C.day D.week30.A.ambitious B.passionate C.patient D.conventional31.A.fortune B.family C.life D.time32.A.rise B.bend C.explode D.roll33.A.predicted B.accepted C.doubted D.investigated34.A.flour B.milk C.clock D.bread35.A.memorizing B.enjoying C.marking D.evaluating【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.A25.B26.A27.A28.C29.B30.C31.D32.A33.B34.C35.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者的爸爸是一名建筑工人，他會做面包。作者沒有資格進入游泳隊后感到失落，爸爸讓他幫忙做面包，教他制作面團。爸爸告訴作者要耐心等待面團發(fā)酵，不要著急。作者在和爸爸一起制作面包的過程中學到了更多的東西?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他看起來不像是那種會烤好面包的人，但他確實會烤好面包。A.purchase購買；B.deliver運送；C.bake烘烤；D.earn掙錢。根據(jù)“Mydadisaconstructionworker.”和文章最后一句“Myfathertaughtmehowtobakebread,butIthinkIlearnedsomethingmore.”父親教作者如何烤面包可知，作者認為父親只是一個建筑工人，他看起來不像是那種會烤面包的人。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：自從我知道我沒有資格進入游泳隊后，我一直感到很傷心。A.heart-broken傷心的；B.tongue-tied張口結舌的；C.cold-blooded冷血的；D.narrow-minded心胸狹窄的。根據(jù)“sinceIknewIdidn’tqualifyfortheswimteam.”和第三段第一句“DadknewIwasfeelingdown”可知，作者沒有獲得參加游泳隊的資格，一直感到心碎。故選A。【23題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在我要等整整一年才能再次參加選拔。A.settledown定居下來；B.cheerup歡呼起來；C.showoff炫耀；D.tryout選拔。根據(jù)“I’vebeenfeeling____2____sinceIknewIdidn’tqualifyfortheswimteam.”可知，作者傷心的原因是要等整整一年才能再次參加選拔。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：上星期天他說我該去廚房幫忙了。A.kitchen廚房；B.school學校；C.market市場；D.factory工廠。根據(jù)“Astheflourdustinthekitchenquietlysettled,____11____didn’tseemtomatter.”及下文可知，父親讓作者到廚房幫忙做面包。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：不過，我還是跟在他后面。A.Even甚至；B.Still盡管如此；C.Besides除了；D.Often經(jīng)常地。根據(jù)“Icouldn’timaginewhathelpIcouldoffer.”和“Ifollowedrightbehindhim.”可知，作者無法想象自己能提供什么幫助，盡管如此，作者還是緊跟在父親后面去廚房，前后句是轉(zhuǎn)折關系。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：爸爸拿出面粉和牛奶，教我如何揉面團，這需要十分鐘，而且需要大量的精力。A.demanded需要；B.wasted浪費；C.preserved保護；D.weakened削弱。根據(jù)“andtaughtmehowtomakethedough(面團),”和“agreatamountofenergy.”可知，揉面團需要大量的精力。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：接下來是最困難但也最有趣的部分——什么也不做。A.amusing令人高興的，有趣的；B.annoying令人生氣的；C.moving令人感動的；D.surprising令人驚訝的。根據(jù)“doingnothing.”及后文可知，接下來是作面包最困難但有趣的部分。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我們等了一個小時，等面團慢慢膨脹成兩倍大。A.urgently緊急地；B.casually休閑地；C.slowly慢慢地；D.temporarily暫時地。根據(jù)常識可知，需要等待一個小時，讓面團慢慢膨脹變大。故選C。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我們把發(fā)好的面團打扁，放出空氣，分成兩份，再等一個小時。A.minute分鐘；B.hour小時；C.day天；D.week星期。根據(jù)“Wewaitedforanhourforthedoughto____8____swell(膨脹)anddoubleinsize.”可知，等待一個小時，讓面團慢慢膨脹變大，說明還需要再等了一個小時。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意