三、綜合寫作PETS-3

級(jí)B節(jié)寫作主要考查的是“

看文寫作”。給出一篇200—250字的文章，先閱讀文章，總結(jié)中心思想，然后根據(jù)文章中心思想發(fā)表自己的看法，寫一篇120詞左右的作文，類似于“讀后感”。話題一般涉及到與我們生活息息相關(guān)的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象和問(wèn)題，比如教育、職業(yè)道德、身體健康、家庭關(guān)系、環(huán)境保護(hù)、人口增長(zhǎng)、文化交流等。題型介紹話題范圍寫作評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（17~20分）完整性包含所有要點(diǎn)，評(píng)論合理；準(zhǔn)確性原文理解完全準(zhǔn)確；語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯準(zhǔn)確，錯(cuò)誤極少；連貫性有效使用多種銜接手法，

內(nèi)容連貫流暢，層次清晰；多樣性使用了豐富的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯，沒(méi)有完全抄寫。第四檔第三檔第二檔第一檔第五檔2015年9月真題：Read

the

text

below.

Write

anessay

inabout

120

words,

in

which

youshould

summarized

key

points

ofthetext

and

make

comments

on

them.Trytouse

your

own

words.LoriSchneiderknowsafewthingsaboutfear.“Wewerecrossingaridgethatdroppedoff8,000feetonboth

sides,”saysthe53-year-oldclimberofascendingMountEverestlastspring.“Thewindwasblowingat60milesan

hour.

If

there

was

ever

amoment

topanic,

thiswasit.”Butshedidn`t.Anhourlater,shereachedthepeak—thelaststepinherpersonalchallengetoscalethehighest

mountains

onall

seven

continents.Ten

years

earlier,

she`d

come

face-to-face

with

a

different

type

of

fear,

when

she

was

unable

to

feel

anything

in

the

right

side

of

her

body.

After

learning

she

had

multiple

sclerosis

(MS)—a

serious

illness

that

gradually

makes

a

person

weak

and

unable

to

move

or

see,

she

left

her

marriage,

job,

and

home:

“I

ran

from

mywhole

life.”ItwasjustbeforeclimbingSouthAmerica`sMountAconcaguain2000thatshesethersightsontheSevenSummits.Aftertrainingbypulling50-poundbagsofdogfooduptheskislopesnearherhome,shetoppedEurope`s

MountElbrusin2002,NorthAmerica`sMcKinleyin2006,andAustralia`sKosciuszkoandAntarctica`sVinson

Massifin2008.

She`d

scaled

Africa`s

Kilimanjaro

in

1993.

That

left

Asia`s

Everest,

the

highest

of

all.Andthereshestood,onaridgeat28,000feet.“WhenItrained,Itoldmyselftotakeonestepatatimeby

spelling

outword”

shesays.

“

So

Ispelled

out‘Don't

let

fear

in.’”

It

got

her

tothe

top.She`s

the

first

person

with

MS

to

conquer

the

Seven

Summits.

With

her

condition

stable,

she

plans

a

return

toKilimanjaro—this

time

with

15

others

with

MSby

her

side.仔細(xì)分析題干給出的信息和任務(wù)要求，重點(diǎn)閱讀文章的首末段或段落的首末句。切忌“提筆就寫”！1 審題列出文章基本框架：

分幾段？每段寫什么？總共寫幾句話？2 列提綱根據(jù)列好的提綱，套用經(jīng)典句型，句子之間用連接詞銜接，同義詞之間注意變化。寫作3檢查句子的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、主謂一致、單詞拼寫和標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)等。4 檢查答題流程Step

1 審題審題干要求：先總結(jié)文章主要觀點(diǎn)，再發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)。審文章內(nèi)容：?jiǎn)l(fā)性故事、

社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)現(xiàn)象等；文章的中心思想是什么？（首末段、段落首末句）什么人干了什么事，帶來(lái)什么啟發(fā)？Step

2

列提綱120詞控制在12—14句話之間?？偨Y(jié)文章觀點(diǎn)簡(jiǎn)明扼要總結(jié)文章的主要觀點(diǎn)總結(jié)模板：什么人做了什么事帶來(lái)了什么啟發(fā)。（3—4句話，40個(gè)詞）表達(dá)自己觀點(diǎn)層次清晰，分點(diǎn)論述，連貫流暢，富于變化。（使用連接詞、固定句式、同義替換）列提綱Step

2第一段①Lori

Schneider雖身患MS疾病，但是征服了7座高峰。②最令我印象深刻的是她面對(duì)困難的方式。③你會(huì)問(wèn)怎么才能戰(zhàn)勝恐懼呢？④

首先，勇氣。⑤

有勇氣會(huì)……..⑥

沒(méi)有勇氣會(huì)……..⑦其次，精神力量。⑧相信自己，就會(huì)…….⑨舉例說(shuō)明。⑩最后，樂(lè)觀。?樂(lè)觀有力量。?樂(lè)觀有益處。?

總而言之，勇氣、精神力量、樂(lè)觀。?

只有這樣才…….第①

②

句總結(jié)文章，點(diǎn)明文章的中心；第③句提出自己的觀點(diǎn)或話題。第二段第④句寫論點(diǎn)1；第⑤⑥句，分別從正反兩方面闡述分論點(diǎn)1。第三段第⑦句寫分論點(diǎn)2；第⑧句，改寫第⑦句；第⑨句，例證第四段第⑩句寫分論點(diǎn)3；第??句重復(fù)改寫第⑩句。第五段第?句總結(jié)自己的觀點(diǎn)；第?句呼應(yīng)自己的觀點(diǎn)。ThestorythatLoriSchneider,a53-year-oldwomanwhohadmultiplesclerosis,

conqueredtheSevenSummitsinspiresmealot.Whatimpressesmemostisthewaysheovercomesthe

fear

whenshe

isconfronted

withdifficulties.You

may

wonderhow

toovercome

the

fear?Weshouldfacetothetroubleswithcourage.Ifwehavecourage,wecanrealizeallourdreams.Ifweareinpanic,thechanceofsuccesswillslipaway.Donoteverunderestimate

spiritualstrength.Ifyoubelieveinyourselfstronglyenough,youreallycanmakemiracles.Just

like

Lori

Schneider

did,

tell

“Don`t

let

fear

in”

to

yourself

repeatedly,

and

you

will

not

afraid

ofanything.Keepoptimisticregardlessofadversities.Thepowerofmaintainingoptimisticis

undeniable.

Itis

beneficial

for

us

to

think

inapositive

way.In

a

word,

we

should

be

a

man

of

courage,

belief

and

optimism.

Only

then

can

we

overcomeany

fearin

any

givensituation.這篇作文寫得如何？怎么改？ThestorythatLoriSchneider,a53-year-oldwomanwhohadmultiplesclerosis,

conqueredtheSevenSummitsinspiresmealot.Whatimpressesmemostisthewaysheovercomesthe

fear

whenshe

isconfronted

withdifficulties.You

may

wonderhow

toovercome

the

fear?Firstof

all,weshouldfacetothetroubleswithcourage.Allof

dreamscanbetrueifwe

havethe

courage

to

pursue

them.

If

we

are

inpanic,

the

chance

of

successwill

slip

away.Secondly,donoteverunderestimatespiritualstrength.Ifyoubelieveinyourselfstronglyenough,youreallycanmakemiracles.JustlikeLoriSchneiderdid,tell“Don`tletfearin”toyourselfrepeatedly,

and

youwill

notafraidofanything.Finally,

keep

optimistic

regardless

of

adversities.

The

power

of

maintaining

optimistic

isundeniable.

It

is

beneficial

for

us

to

think

in

apositive

way.Inaword,weshouldbeamanofcourage,beliefandoptimism.Onlythencanweovercomeany

fear

inany

given

situation.Step

3 寫作如何層次清晰、行文連貫？分段連接詞、固定句式①

表文章結(jié)構(gòu)順序：First,

Second,

Finally/Firstly,

Secondly,Finally/First

of

all，Secondly,Finally等。②

表并列補(bǔ)充關(guān)系：What

is

more,Besides,

Moreover,

Furthermore,

In

addition

等。③

表轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比關(guān)系：However,On

the

contrary,

But,

Although+從句,….In

spite

of+n/doing,

…等④

表因果關(guān)系：因?yàn)椤狟ecause,

As.

所以——Thus,

Therefore,As

a

result等。⑤

表補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明：In

other

words,thatistosay等。⑥

表舉例說(shuō)明：For

example，F(xiàn)or

instance，such

as+n/doing⑦

表陳述事實(shí)：In

fact,

Frankly

speaking等。⑧

表達(dá)自己觀點(diǎn)：As

faras

Iknow/am

concerned,

Inmy

opinion,

Personally,

As

tome等。⑨

表總結(jié)：Inshort,Inaword,In

conclusion,

In

summary,All

in

all,

Briefly/

In

brief

等。⑩

表綜上所述:

From

what

has

been

discussed

above,

Fromthe

foregoing等。如何富于變化？句式變化：主動(dòng)句與被動(dòng)句相互轉(zhuǎn)化簡(jiǎn)單旬、并列句、復(fù)合句并用插入語(yǔ)例如：ThestorythatLoriSchneider,a53-year-oldwomanwhohad

multiple

sclerosis,

conquered

the

Seven

Summits

inspires

me

a

lot.詞匯變化：同義改寫例如：difficulty-trouble-adversity-problem…..詞性變換例如：增加、降低等動(dòng)詞的表達(dá),如increase

steadily,

decrease

sharply等,但轉(zhuǎn)換一種方式用名詞的形式表達(dá),就更顯得有變化性了,如experienceasteadyincrease,

undergo

a

sharp

decrease。Step

4

檢查注意：不要進(jìn)行大篇幅的修改，更不要因?yàn)樾薷钠茐木砻娴恼麧?。從以下方面進(jìn)行修改：語(yǔ)法：時(shí)態(tài)是否一致，主謂語(yǔ)是否一致，名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)等。詞匯：連接上下文的連接詞使用是否正確，單詞拼寫是否出現(xiàn)低級(jí)錯(cuò)誤等。寫作訓(xùn)練——2016年3月真題Read

thetextbelow.

Write

an

essayin

about120words,

inwhich

youshould

summarized

keypoints

of

the

textand

makecomments

on

them.

Try

to

use

your

own

words.Dear

Sally,Itwasamazingtoseeyourdanceperformancelastweekend.Ifeltsoproudofyouwhenyourteachersandschoolmates

congratulated

you

uponyour

completion

of

performance.While

you

continue

to

enjoy

the

moment,

I`d

like

to

share

with

you

a

small

quote

from

Abraham

Lincoln,

“

This,

too,

shallpass

away.”

Iwant

these

wordstobe

your

guide

at

every

turningpoint

inyour

life.Whenyou`refeelingveryproudofyourselfatanachievement,knowingnoboundsatthatmoment,rememberthat“This,

too,shall

pass

away.”Whenyou`reata

difficultmomentinyourlifeanddon`tknowwhattodo,findcomfortinthesamewords—This,too,shall

passaway.I`mnotsayingthattheacheofsomelossesandsetbackswillcompletelygo

awayfrom

yourlife.In

fact,openthe

memories

ofpainful

events

will

hit

you

unexpectedly

like

tons

of

bricks

andtake

your

breath

away

years

after

they

happen.But,likeallhumans,youhaveanalmostinfinitecapacitytoadapttolife`schangesandagreatabilitybouncebackfrom

tryingtimes.

Thisunderstandingshouldgive

youasparkofhopewhen

you`reinaseasonofdespair;itshouldalsobuildup

your

confidence

fortaking

risks

inthe

future.Sally,

our

lives

are

made

up

of

several

peaks

and

several

valleys.

That`s

the

future

of

life.

Live

each

moment

as

it

comes.Andalways

remember

“This,

too,

shall

pass

away.”Love，PapaSally`sfartherwrotealettertoher.

Intheletter,

her