SectionB

ReadingandThinkingUnit5LanguagesAroundTheWorld

ⅠⅡⅢⅠ.知識(shí)體系圖解

civilisationdespitefactorbasesymbol

carve

varietymajormeansclassicregard

characterappreciateaffair

specificⅠⅡⅢ浮沉;興衰;榮辱以……為根據(jù)追溯到把……看作一開始發(fā)展成導(dǎo)致非常重要與……連接在……中起作用在現(xiàn)代和……一起ⅠⅡⅢⅡ.釋義匹配1.CivilisationA.oneofseveralthingsthatinfluenceorcauseasituation2.factor B.asign,shapeorobjectwhichisusedtorepresentsomethingelse3.symbol C.relatingtoonethingandnotothers;particular4.dialect D.asocietythatiswellorganisedanddeveloped5.specific E.aformofalanguagewhichisspokenonlyinonearea答案:1.D

2.A

3.B

4.E

5.CⅠⅡⅢⅢ.閱讀導(dǎo)學(xué)根據(jù)P62課文內(nèi)容,選擇正確答案。1.Whatdoestheword“this”inthefirstparagraphmostprobablymean?A.HowtheChinesewritingsystemwascreated.B.WhatChinahasexperiencedinhistory.C.Chineseancientcivilisationhasgonethroughintomoderntimes.D.TheChinesewritingsystemisknownallovertheworld.答案:CⅠⅡⅢ2.TheancientChineserecordedwhattheyhaddoneby

.

A.drawingpicturesonwallsB.carvingsymbolsinbonesandshellsC.writingtheirexperiencesonXuanpaperD.writingHanzionbonesandshells3.WhydidmanydialectsandcharactersappearintheShangDynasty?A.TheShangDynastywastoolongatimeinhistory.B.Peopleatthattimehaddifferentopinionsonwriting.C.Thecountrywasdividedinseveraldifferentstates.D.Peoplefromdifferentstatesseldomcommunicatedwitheachother.答案:B答案:CⅠⅡⅢ4.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.QinshihuangmadegreatcontributionstotheChinesewritingsystem.B.PeopleinChinacanunderstandeachothernomatterwhatdialecttheyspeak.C.TheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinseveraldirectionsintheQinDynasty.D.Chinesecalligraphywaswellknownallovertheworldinancienttimes.答案:A重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)1.base

vt.以……為據(jù)點(diǎn);以……為基礎(chǔ)n.底部;根據(jù)【課文原句】Atthebeginning,writtenChinesewasapicture-basedlanguage.一開始,書面漢語(yǔ)是一種以圖畫為基礎(chǔ)的語(yǔ)言?！驹~匯精講】句中的base是及物動(dòng)詞,意為“以……為基礎(chǔ)”。Pleasedorememberthatsuccessisbasedonhardwork.請(qǐng)一定要記住,成功基于艱苦的努力。Heusedthehouseasabaseforhisprintingbusiness.他把這座房子用作印刷業(yè)的基地。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)【詞匯拓展】Youshouldn’thavebasedyourreportoninaccurateinformation.你不應(yīng)該把你的報(bào)告基于不準(zhǔn)確的信息。Thestudywas

based

ondatafrom2,100collegestudents.這項(xiàng)研究基于從2,100名大學(xué)生那里收集來(lái)的數(shù)據(jù)。Althoughhewas

based

inWales,distancedidn’tmatter.雖然他以威爾士為基地,但距離不是問題。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)2.date

back

to追溯到……;始于……【課文原句】Itdates

backseveralthousandyearstotheuseofLonggu...它可以追溯到幾千年前的龍骨的使用……【詞匯精講】句中的datebackto相當(dāng)于datefrom,意為“追溯到……;始于……”,一般無(wú)進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Theoldtowndates

back

tothelateseventeenthcentury.這個(gè)古老的城鎮(zhèn)始于十七世紀(jì)末。Myinterestinstampcollectingdates

from/back

tomyschooldays.我從學(xué)生時(shí)代就開始愛好集郵。InChinaacupuncturedates

back

toancienttimes.在中國(guó),針灸療法可以追溯到古代。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)datebackto/datefrom做后置定語(yǔ)時(shí),用動(dòng)詞-ing形式。Thereisawoodentowerdating

back

totheQingDynastyinthevillage.村子里有一座清朝的木塔。TheSouthLakeParkinChangchun,dating

back

to1933,islocatedinthesouthwesternpartofthecity.長(zhǎng)春南湖公園始于1933年,位于城市的西南部?！驹~匯拓展】重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)3.major

adj.

主要的;重要的;大的vi.

主修;專門研究n.主修課程;主修學(xué)生【課文原句】EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.秦始皇將七大國(guó)統(tǒng)一為一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的國(guó)家,中國(guó)的書寫制度開始朝一個(gè)方向發(fā)展。【詞匯精講】句中的major是形容詞,意為“主要的”,做定語(yǔ)修飾states。ThereisamajorproblemwithparkinginLondon.在倫敦,停車是一個(gè)大問題。Ithinkthatisoneofthemajorfactorsinhissuccess.我認(rèn)為那是他成功的主要因素之一。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)【詞匯拓展】I’vemadeupmymindtomajorinEnglishafterIfinishmiddleschool.我決定中學(xué)畢業(yè)后主修英語(yǔ)。Mybestfriend,Tom,isaphysicsmajor.我最好的朋友,湯姆,是專攻物理的學(xué)生。Itisnottheirinterestbuttheneedofthemarketthataffectsstudents’choicesofcollegemajors.不是他們的興趣而是市場(chǎng)需求影響著大學(xué)生的專業(yè)選擇。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)“themajorityof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”用作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用復(fù)數(shù);“themajorityof+不可數(shù)名詞”用作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù);“amajorityof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”用作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)4.means

n.方式;方法;途徑【課文原句】WrittenChinesehasalsobecomeanimportantmeansbywhichChina’spresentisconnectedwithitspast.書面漢語(yǔ)也成為中國(guó)現(xiàn)在與過去聯(lián)系的重要手段?！驹~匯精講】句中的means意為“方法;途徑”,其單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同。Formostpeople,thecarisstilltheirmainmeansoftransport.對(duì)大多數(shù)人來(lái)說,汽車仍是主要的交通方式。Thecellphoneismorethanameansofcommunication.手機(jī)不僅僅是一種通信工具。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)【詞匯拓展】Studentsbuilduptheirvocabulariesby

means

ofreading.學(xué)生通過閱讀的方法增加詞匯量。Wecancarryoutthenewprojectby

this

means.我們可以用這種辦法來(lái)實(shí)施新計(jì)劃。means是單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞,其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)means前的修飾語(yǔ)來(lái)決定。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)5.regard

n.

尊重;關(guān)注vt.

把……視為;看待【課文原句】ThehighregardfortheChinesewritingsystemcanbeseeninthedevelopmentofChinesecharactersasanartform,knownasChinesecalligraphy,whichhasbecomeanimportantpartofChineseculture.對(duì)漢字書寫體系的高度重視可以從漢字作為一種藝術(shù)形式(被稱為中國(guó)書法)的發(fā)展可以看出,它成為中國(guó)文化的重要組成部分。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)【詞匯精講】句中的regard是名詞,意為“尊重;關(guān)注”。Myroommateshowslittleregardforothers.我的室友很少關(guān)心別人。【詞匯拓展】WeallhavehighregardforourEnglishteacher.我們都非常尊敬英語(yǔ)老師。Lincolnisregardedasoneofthemostinspiringfiguresintheworld.林肯被認(rèn)為是世界上最鼓舞人心的人物之一。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)①regard表示“關(guān)心”“關(guān)懷”等,是不可數(shù)名詞;表示“尊重”“贊賞”,也是不可數(shù)名詞,但有時(shí)可與不定冠詞連用。Heisawarm-heartedmanandalwaysshowsregardforthepoor.他是個(gè)熱心人,總是關(guān)注窮人。②regard表示“問候”,要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如:Pleasegivehimmy(best)regards.請(qǐng)代我向他問好。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)6.appreciate

vt.

欣賞;重視;感激;領(lǐng)會(huì)vi.

增值【課文原句】AsChinaplaysagreaterroleinglobalaffairs,anincreasingnumberofinternationalstudentsarebeginningtoappreciateChina’scultureandhistorythroughthisamazinglanguage.隨著中國(guó)在全球事務(wù)中發(fā)揮越來(lái)越大的作用,越來(lái)越多的國(guó)際學(xué)生開始通過這種令人驚嘆的語(yǔ)言來(lái)欣賞中國(guó)的文化和歷史。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)【詞匯精講】句中的appreciate是及物動(dòng)詞,意為“欣賞”。Youcan’tappreciateEnglishpoetryunlessyouunderstanditsrhythm.你若不懂英文詩(shī)的韻律,就不能欣賞英文詩(shī)。Hedidnotfullyappreciatethesignificanceofsigningthecontract.他沒有重視簽訂合同的重要性。Thankssomuchforyourhelp;Ireallyappreciateit.非常感謝你的幫助,我真的很感激。Itisdifficulttoappreciatehowbadthesituationhadbecome.很難理解現(xiàn)在的情況有多糟糕。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)【詞匯拓展】appreciationn.欣賞;感激①appreciate表示“感激;贊賞”時(shí),通常為及物動(dòng)詞,其后可接名(代)詞、動(dòng)詞-ing形式、名詞性從句等做賓語(yǔ),但不能接不定式。②當(dāng)appreciate后接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),一般先加it,再接賓語(yǔ)從句。類似的詞還有hate,dislike,love,like,depend/relyon等。Iappreciate

your

givingmesomuchofyourtime.真感激你為我花了這么多時(shí)間。Iwouldgreatlyappreciate

itifyoucouldgivemeahand.如果你能幫我一下,我將非常感激。Ilike

itwhenmyfathertellsusstories.我很喜歡爸爸給我們講故事聽。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)Even

today,no

matter

where

Chinese

people

live

or

what

dialect

they

speak,they

can

all

still

communicate

in

writing.即使在今天,不論住在哪里,也不論說何種方言,中國(guó)人仍能通過書寫(文字)進(jìn)行交流。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)【句式剖析】本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。nomatterwhere...orwhatdialect...引導(dǎo)的是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,主句是theycanallstill...?！皀omatter+疑問詞”結(jié)構(gòu)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),可以和“疑問詞+ever”互換。No

matter

whereyouwork,youcanalwaysfindtimetostudy.不管你在哪里工作,你都能找到時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)。No

matter

whathappens,I’llalwaysstandbyyou.不論發(fā)生什么事,我都永遠(yuǎn)支持你.IensureI’llhelpyouno

matter

whenyouhavedifficulties.=IensureI’llhelpyouwheneveryouhavedifficulties.我保證無(wú)論何時(shí)只要你有困難,我就幫你。No

matter

whatyoudo,youmustputyourheartintoit.=Whatever

you

do,youmustputyourheartintoit.無(wú)論你做什么,你必須全身心地投入。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)whatever,whichever,who(m)ever既可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,又可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,nomatterwhat,nomatterwhich,nomatterwho(m)只引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。Pleasegivetheflowerstowhoevergetstothefinishlinefirst.請(qǐng)把花給第一個(gè)到達(dá)終點(diǎn)的人。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)Ⅰ.介(副)詞填空1.BusinessEnglishhasgraduallydeveloped

animportantpracticalstyle.

答案:into2.

thebadweather,theystillwentonclimbingthemountain.

答案:Despite3.Thisgreateventisamilestone

thedevelopmentofSino-Russianrelations.

答案:in4.Prof.Jacksonplaysanimportantrole

thescientificworld.

答案:in重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式隨堂練習(xí)Ⅱ.概要寫作根據(jù)教材P62的語(yǔ)篇內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。

參考范文TheChinesewritingsystemplaysanimportantroleintheancientcivilisation.(要點(diǎn)1)Atfirst,peoplecarvedsymbolsonbonesandshellswhichdevelopedintodifferentforms.(要點(diǎn)2)ItwasEmperorQinshihuangthatenabledthewritingsystemtodevelopinonedirection.(要點(diǎn)3)WrittenChineseservesasabridgeformodernpeopletoknowaboutthepastandtheChinesewritingsystemisappreciatedbypeopleallovertheworld.(要點(diǎn)4)SectionC

DiscoveringUsefulStructures&

ListeningandTalkingUnit5LanguagesAroundTheWorld

ⅠⅡⅢⅠ.知識(shí)體系圖解

struggletongue

semester

gaspetrolsubway

apartment

pantsⅣⅠⅡⅢ觀點(diǎn)

為……而戰(zhàn)斗不同種類的為……所熟悉有空放棄不再感覺像;想要大小;尺寸鼓勵(lì)某人做某事ⅣⅠⅡⅢⅡ.單詞拼寫1.Yourmothert

isthelanguagethatyoulearnfromyourparentswhenyouareababy.

2.Thestudentsareexpectedtodofiveexperimentseachs

.

3.Atpresent,thes

playsanimportantroleinthecity’stransportationsystem.

4.Fireextinguishers(滅火器)arelocatedoneachfloorandineacha

.

tongue

semester

subway

apartmentⅣⅠⅡⅢⅢ.用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空1.Wewillneverforgettheyear1949

thePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.

2.TheEnglishCorneristheplace

peopleoftengotopractisetheirspokenEnglish.

3.Whatespeciallyimpresseduswastheway

ourteacherstudiedforeignlanguages.

4.Thisisthemuseum

wesawanexhibitiontheotherday.

5.Canyoutellusthereason

yourefusedtoacceptthejob?

when

where

that/inwhichwherewhyⅣⅠⅡⅢⅣⅣ.聽說導(dǎo)學(xué)聽教材P65的Listening

Part

1,回答第1、2小題。1.Whatisthespeakertalkingabout?A.Englishvocabulary.B.Non-Englishspeakers.C.DifferentkindsofEnglish.2.Whatdoesthespeakeraskthelistenerstodo?A.Takenotes.B.Listentoaconversation.C.Makeaconversation.答案:C答案:BⅠⅡⅢⅣ聽教材P65的Listening

Part

2,回答第3、4小題。3.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.OnTuesday.B.OnWednesday.C.OnFriday.4.Wherewillthespeakersmeet?A.Attheman’shome.B.Atthewoman’shome.C.Atacoffeeshop.答案:A答案:C重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法隨堂練習(xí)struggle

vi.&n.斗爭(zhēng);奮斗;搏斗【課文原句】WhenIstartedstudyingGerman,itwasastruggle.當(dāng)我開始學(xué)習(xí)德語(yǔ)的時(shí)候,那是一場(chǎng)斗爭(zhēng)。【詞匯精講】句中的struggle是名詞,意為“斗爭(zhēng)”。Thestrugglebetweenthetwoteamswashard.這兩個(gè)隊(duì)之間的斗爭(zhēng)很激烈。Theoldmanhasstruggledwithsicknessforafewmonths.數(shù)月來(lái)老人一直在與疾病作斗爭(zhēng)。Thewoundedsoldierstruggledintheforest.受傷的士兵在森林中艱難地行進(jìn)。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法隨堂練習(xí)【詞匯拓展】Mandelastruggledfortherightoftheblacksallhislife.曼德拉為爭(zhēng)取黑人的權(quán)利而奮斗終生。Marystruggledtolifttheheavybasket.瑪麗努力要把那沉重的籃子提起來(lái)。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法隨堂練習(xí)重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法隨堂練習(xí)...the

more

I

learnt

of

a

language,the

more

my

brain

would

grow.……我學(xué)的語(yǔ)言越熟練,我的大腦就會(huì)越強(qiáng)大。【句式剖析】“Themore...,themore...”句型常表示“越……就越……”,是一個(gè)復(fù)合句,其中前面的句子是狀語(yǔ)從句,后面的句子是主句。在“Themore...,themore...”句型中,主從句的時(shí)態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí);若主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般將來(lái)時(shí),從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法隨堂練習(xí)The

moreshelearns,the

moreshewantstolearn.她越學(xué)越想學(xué)。The

higherthegroundis,the

thinnertheairbecomes.離地面越高,空氣就越稀薄。The

harderyouwork,the

greaterprogressyouwillmake.你越用功,進(jìn)步就越大。The

longerthewarlasts,the

morethepeopletherewillsuffer.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)持續(xù)得越久,那里的人們受難就越多。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法隨堂練習(xí)重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法隨堂練習(xí)重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法隨堂練習(xí)限制性定語(yǔ)從句(Ⅱ)(where,when,why,prep+which/whom)1.關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句(1)when指時(shí)間,在定語(yǔ)從句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。IwillalwaysrememberthedaywhenIwasadmittedintotheuniversity.我將永遠(yuǎn)記得我被大學(xué)錄取的那一天。(2)where指地點(diǎn),在定語(yǔ)從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。Iwouldliketoliveinacountrywherethereislessairpollution.我想居住在一個(gè)空氣污染少的國(guó)家。Thephotowastakenattheplacewherestoodthefamousstatue,alandmarkofthecity.照片是在著名雕塑那照的,這是城市地標(biāo)。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法隨堂練習(xí)(3)why表示原因,在定語(yǔ)從句中做原因狀語(yǔ)。Thereasonwhyhehashadsuchasuccessisthathenevergivesup.他取得那么大的成功的原因是他從不放棄。Thereasonwhyhefailedtheexamwasthathedidn’tstudyhard.他考試失敗的原因是他學(xué)習(xí)不努力。(1)當(dāng)先行詞是theway時(shí),關(guān)系詞可用that,inwhich,也可不用關(guān)系詞。Whatmademeangrywasnotwhathesaid,buttheway使我生氣的不是他說的話,而是他說話的方式。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法隨堂練習(xí)(2)當(dāng)先行詞是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)的名詞或reason時(shí),關(guān)系詞用when,where,why還是which/that要看關(guān)系詞在句中所做的成分來(lái)決定,做狀語(yǔ)時(shí)要用when,where,why,做賓語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)時(shí)要用that或which。Thebuildingwhichisbeingpaintedisourlibrary.正在粉刷的大樓是我們的圖書館。Isthisthereasonthathetoldyouabouthisabsence?這就是他告訴你他缺席的原因嗎?重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法隨堂練習(xí)(3)當(dāng)先行詞是一些表示地點(diǎn)的抽象名詞,如:situation,point,stage,position等時(shí),如果關(guān)系詞在從句中做狀語(yǔ),常用where或“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。Soontheycametoapointwheretheriverdivided.很快他們就到了河流分岔處。Thecountryhasreachedastagewheretheyexportgoodsonalargescale.這個(gè)國(guó)家達(dá)到大規(guī)模出口商品的階段。重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法隨堂練習(xí)2.“介詞(短語(yǔ))+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句“介詞(短語(yǔ))+關(guān)系代詞”也可引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,在句中做時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和原因狀語(yǔ),代替相應(yīng)的關(guān)系副詞when,where和why?！敖樵~(短語(yǔ))+關(guān)系代詞”表示地點(diǎn)時(shí),有時(shí)句子需要用完全倒裝形式。Istillrememberthedayon

which(=when)Ienteredprimaryschool.我仍然記得我上小學(xué)的那一天。Thisisthegymin

which(=where)theyusedtoworkout.這就是他們過去鍛煉的體育館。Canyoutellmethereasonfor

which(=why)hegotangry?你能告訴我他生氣的原因嗎?Themanto

whomIhadatalkjustnowismyfriend.剛才和我談話的那個(gè)男人是我的朋友。注意:在“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中,介詞的選用可根據(jù)下列三方面去考慮:重點(diǎn)詞匯重點(diǎn)句式重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法隨堂練習(xí)(1)根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的習(xí)慣搭配來(lái)考慮。Thisisthelibraryfrom

whichIoftenborrow.(介詞from依據(jù)borrowfrom這一常見搭配)這就是我經(jīng)常借書的圖書館。Haveyoumetthepersonto

whomIreferredy