Unit1GettingalongwithothersGrammarandusageTo-infinitive動(dòng)詞不定式Theto-infinitivecanbeusedaloneorasent,attribute,predicativeoradverbialofasentenceIwaswatchinganEnglishme

at8o’clocyesterday2Divingseemseciting3Hecan’tfindmyhistoryboosubjectverbphraseobjectadverbialsubjectliningverbpredicativeRevisionsubjectverbphraseobject1theto-infinitiveusedasthesubject不定式作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)Toobeylawiseveryone’sdutyTonowoneselfisdifficultTotalwithyourmouthfullisrude不定式作主語時(shí)，常用it作形式主語，而將作主語的不定式放在句子后部。例如：ItisimeItisusefulforyoutolearnsomespoenEnglishIsitnecessary__________comatterhowbrightataleryouare,therearetimeswhenit’sbetter_________remainsilenttocompletetohavetoremain不定式作主語與v-ing形式作主語的不同：前者作主語時(shí)，常表示某一次具體的動(dòng)作；而后者常表示習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。例如：__________teachthethreechildrenismyjobthisafternoon教這三個(gè)孩子是今天下午我的工作。___________walisagoodformofeercise散步是鍛煉的一種好方式。ToteachWaling2theto-infinitiveusedastheobject不定式作賓語HemanagedtosolvethebyhimselfIlietoreadnewsywantstonowmoreaboutthefilm常見的后接不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞有：offer,decide,hoise,agree,anage,refuse,wish,pretend,learn,want等。當(dāng)不定式短語在某個(gè)句子中作賓語時(shí)，為保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡，避免句式結(jié)構(gòu)的混亂，常用it作形式賓語，而將真正的賓語放在句尾。此時(shí)it仍只起先行引導(dǎo)作用，本身無詞義。3theto-infinitiveusedastheobjectcoment不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語I’dlieyoutoeepeverythingtidyTheteacherasedustofinishthewortodayTellJactoclosethewindow,please1MrLioftenteacheshisJaembershie,hewasn’tallowed__________gointothesportsclubtocootogo注意：在主動(dòng)句中，動(dòng)詞mae,let,have,hear,see,feel,watch,notice和observe后的賓語補(bǔ)足語，可省去to。TheysawtheboyfallsuddenlyfromthetreeThebossmadetheworerswor14hoursaday4theto-infinitiveusedasthepredicative（不定式作表語）MywishistobeadoctorOurostnowistohaveagoodrest5theto-infinitiveusedastheattribute不定式作定語IhavealotofwortodoIhavenoonetotaltoHeislooingforahousetoliveinIhavealotofreadings__________comtocompleteHisfirstboo_____________onthisbasedonatruestorytobepublished6theto-infinitiveusedasadverbialofasentencetoshowreason,purposeorresult不定式作句子的原因、目的和結(jié)果狀語HecameheretoattendanimeetingSamwasverysuretofindhisoldfriendGeorgewaitingforhimpurposereasonresult_________maeiteasiertogetintouchwithus,you’dbettereeae。TomaeSimonmadeabigbamboobo________eeon制作了一個(gè)大竹盒來養(yǎng)這只生病的小鳥，直到它能飛起來”。maeabigbamboobo的目的是為了eepthelittlesicbird，因此填toeep，表示目的狀語。toeep7thecontinuousandsoftheto-infinitive不定式的進(jìn)行式和完成式不定式的進(jìn)行式表示正在進(jìn)行的或與謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Ithagladtobetravelingwithyou不定式的完成式表示的動(dòng)作在謂語表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生。

I’msorrytohavelostyourey

Imeanttohavefinishedmyworlastnight,butIdidn’tfeelverywell

IthasbeenanhonorformetohavebeeninvitedtoyourcountryPractice1HavingatriputertobeseentofindtobeheldtohaveinventedBareinfinitive不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式bareinfinitiveafterlet,maeandhaveI’llletyouusemycomaetheboystandallthetimeTheteacherhadherstudentsfinishtheworwithin5minutes注意：當(dāng)“mae/let/havebareinfinitive”變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，應(yīng)加上to。Theworersweremadetowor14hoursadaybythebossThebossmadetheworerswor14hoursadaybareinfinitiveafterverbsofperceptionliefeel,hear,see,watch,observeandnoticeIoftenhearhimsinginthenetroomHestoodthereandwatchedthepassengersgobyDidyounoticeanyoneenterthehousebareinfinitiveaftersomephrasesorpatternsliewouldrather,hadbetterandwhynotI’dratherstayathomeYou’dbetternotbelateWhynotgotothebeachWeusethebareinfinitiveforthesecondinfinitivewhentwoinfinitivesarejoinedbyand,or,ecept,but,than,ratherthan,asorlieIforgottoturnoffthelightsandclosethedoorwhenIleftWedecidedtostayathomeratherthangotothecinema補(bǔ)充：在介詞but、ecept之后，如果其前有動(dòng)詞do的某種形式，其后不定式一般不帶to，反之則必須帶to，表示“不得不，只能”。例如：

He

does

nothing

but

watch

TV

all

day

long他整天除了看電視無所事事。

I

have

no

choice

but

to

accept

the

fact我別無選擇只有接受這個(gè)事實(shí)。PracticeSandycoulddonothingbut________admittohisteacherthathewaswrong．2ade________learnHealwaysworshard3Janewasmade_________washthetrucforaweeasaentadmittolearntowashTranslatethesesentencesintoEnglish1要學(xué)好一門外語是不容易的。2我們拒絕他們的邀請會(huì)顯得無