GrammarReviewofadverbialclausesoftime1.when／while／as的用法:while/when/aswhile/when/asWhenWhileAs（隨著）（一段時(shí)間，延續(xù)）（指時(shí)間點(diǎn)，非延續(xù)，不能用while）（一段時(shí)間，延續(xù)）（同時(shí)發(fā)生，對(duì)比）Point1:用法when從句謂語用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞均可，主、從句謂語表示的動(dòng)作可同時(shí)或先后發(fā)生while從句謂語用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表示兩個(gè)延續(xù)性動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生且具有對(duì)比意味，常與進(jìn)行時(shí)連用as強(qiáng)調(diào)主、從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生表示“隨著”之意①Hewasaboutto

leavewhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.______________________________________________②MarywasspeakingwhenTonybrokeinimpolitely!______________________________________________③We

hadjustfinished

thePartyontheschoolplaygroundwhenitbegantorainheavily.______________________________________________beabouttodo…

beonthepointofdoing...when…

bedoing…

had(just)done...他剛要走忽然有人敲門Mary在發(fā)言時(shí)Tony突然插話！2.before,since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的用法:①Wemustleaveourdormitorybeforethedormitoryteachersclosethegateat7:15

在寢室老師在7點(diǎn)15分關(guān)門前，我們必須離開寢室。②Tonybrokeinbefore

Marycouldfinishherwords.

Mary還來不及說完Tony就插嘴了。③StudyEnglishhardbeforeitistoolate!

趁還不是太晚，努力學(xué)習(xí)英語吧。④Cathhasn’tphonedsinceshewenttoBerlin.

Cath自從去了柏林還沒有打來過電話。Point2：

before的基本意思是“在…之前”但可靈活翻譯為“還來不及…就…”，“趁…時(shí)”；since則表示“從…以后；自…以來”1.Pessimistically,itwillbealongtimebeforeChinamakesatradedealwithAmerica.2.Optimistically,itwon'tbealongtimebefore

ChinamakesatradedealwithAmerica.3.Itwasn'tlongbeforeheleftthecountry.4.ItwassometimebeforeIrealizedthetruth.5.Itis/hasbeen

manyyears

since

thetradeproblemarosebetweenChinaandAmerica.Itwillbe+段時(shí)間+before..要過...才...Itwon‘tbe+段時(shí)間+before…過不了..就..Itis/was+時(shí)間段+before…過了...才..Itis/wasnot+時(shí)間段+before…沒過多久就...Itis/hasbeen+時(shí)間段+since…自從…有多久了Point3:引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的名詞詞組和個(gè)別介詞短語常常有：themoment/second/minute/instant…eachtime,

everytime,

(the)nexttime,thefirst/second/…/lasttime,bythetime...⑤Hardly

hadMaryfinishedherwordswhen

Tonyaskedanotherquestion.Mary剛剛講完Tony就問了另一個(gè)問題。⑥NosoonerhadTonyinvitedhertohaveaTVDebatethanMaryacceptedherchallenge.Tony一發(fā)出電視辯論的邀請(qǐng)，Maty就接受了挑戰(zhàn)。Point4:表示“一…就…”的時(shí)間狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞

Assoonas…

Immediately/instantly/directly…

Themoment/minute/second/instant…

Hardly/scarcely…when/before…nosooner…than…Ontheirarrival/arriving,theybegantodebate.介詞短On/upon+n/doing也可以做時(shí)間狀語表示“一…就…，剛......就......”。5.其他時(shí)間狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞.①Since

Trumpbecamethepresident,thetariffshavebeenusedasweaponstoattacktheeconomiesofothercountries.②MaryalwayswaitedpolitelyuntilTonyfinishedherwords.Inotherwords,Marydidn’tbegintospeakuntilTonyfinished.③ItwasnotuntilTonyfinishedthatMarybegantospeak.④NotuntilTonyfinisheddidMarybegintospeak.⑤ItiscertainthatChinawillbemorepowerfulandprosperous

afterwedefeatAmericainthetradewar.

since(自從......)從句常常為過去式，主句為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

until/till…(一直到......)主句謂語動(dòng)詞常常為延續(xù)性

not…until(直到.......才......)主句謂語動(dòng)詞常常為非延續(xù)性after...(在......后）Practice:1.Youwillgrowwiser_________yougrowolder.2.Iwasabouttogotobed______________thetelephonerang.3.Ihaveheardalotofgoodthingsaboutyou_____________Icamebackfromabroad.4.It’smucheasiertomakefriends__________________youhavesimilarinterests.5.Hemetmanyproblems________________hewasgoingoverhislessons.as

when

since

whenwhilePractice:6.Johnthinksitwon’tbelong_______________heisreadyforhisnewjob7Asisreported,itis100years_____________QinghuaUniversitywasfounded.8.Timepassedquicklyandthewinterholidayshadgoneby___________weknewit.9._________________wemet,wewereataparty.第一次見面時(shí)，我們?cè)趨⒓右粋€(gè)聚會(huì)。beforesincebeforeThefirsttimePractice:10.IfoundmyselfinanentirelynewworldassoonasIarrivedinBeijing.①→Ifoundmyselfinanentirelynewworld__________________________IarrivedinBeijing.②→Ifoundmyselfinanentirelynewworld________________________IarrivedinBeijing.③→__________hadIarrivedinBeijing________