2019年6月英語六級(jí)真題試卷（第二套）PartI(30minutes)Directions:thispart,areallowed30minutesanessayontheimportanceofmutualunderstandingandininterpersonalrelationships.canciteexamplesillustrateyourviews.shouldatleast150wordsbutnothan200words.PartⅡListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:thissection,hearlongconversations.theendofeachconversation,hearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionsbespokenonlyonce.Afterhearaquestion,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),andD).ThenthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1alinethroughthecentre.Questions1to4basedonconversationyouhaveheard.1234.WhyRomanHolidaywasmorefamousthanBreakfastatWhyAudreyHepburnhadfansthanones.WhythewantedbelikeAudreyHepburn.WhysogirlsadoredAudreyHepburn..HeruniqueHerphysicalcondition.Hershiftofinterestperformingarts.Hersuspensionoffinancialaid..wasnotanoutgoingperson.wasmodestandhardworkingwaseasy-goingonthewhole.wasusuallynotoptimistic..wasinfluencedbytherolessheplayedthefilms.Herparentstaughthersymbolizethelearnedvolunteerwhenshewasachild.Herfamilybenifitedfromotherhelp.Questions5to8basedonyouhaveheard.5.apresentation.questions.anewAtteedaboardmeeting..cutproductioncosts.raisebedismissed.newbehired.6-1-78.Thetimelineofrestructuring.Thereasonsforrestructuring.Thecommunicationchannels.Thenewmissions..consultingtheirowndepartmentmanagers.emailingquestionsthemanorthewoman.exploringvariouschannelsofcommunication.visitingtheowncomputernetwork.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,hearpassages.theendofeachpassage,hearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionsbespokenonlyonce.Afterhearaquestion,mustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA)B)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1alinethroughthecentre.Questions9tobasedonpassageyouhaveheard.911.helpspassengerscareoftheirpetanimals.hasanimalshelppassengerscarrytheirlanguage.usestherapysoothenervouspassengers.allowspassengershavetravel0.A)possibledangers.Findingtheirwayaround.Identifyingdrugsmugglers.Lookingaftersickpassengers.Scheduletheirflightsaroundthevisits.Photographthetherapyanimalsattheairport.fortherapeuticpurposes.Bringtheiranimalsonboardtheirplane.Questions12to15basedonpassageyouhaveheard.11112.A)BesideabeautifullypaintedwallArles.BesidetheofanancienttheofanancientRomanmansion.theentranceareceptionhallRome.3.Anumberofimages.Anumberofmythologicalheroes.musicalinstruments.PaintingsbyfamousFrenchartists.4.A)Theoriginalityandexpertiseshown.Theworldlysophisticationdisplayed.C)Thestunningimagesvividlydepicted.Theimpressiveskillsandcostlydyes.5.A)artistictastesuperb.identityremainswasacollectorofantiques.wasarichItalianmerchant.-2-SectionCDirections:thissection,hearthreerecordingsoflecturesorfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingsbeplayedonlyonce.Afterhearaquestion,mustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),andD).ThenthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1asinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18basedonyouhaveheard.1116.A)Theyencourageinternationalcooperation.Theylaystressonbasicscientificresearch.Theyplacegreatemphasisonempiricalstudies.Theyfavourscientistsfrommembercountries.7.A)Manyofthemwishinternationalrecognition.TheybelievethatmorehandsmakelightTheywantfollowcloselytheinternationaltrend.Manyoftheirprojectshavebecomecomplicated.8.A)Itrequiresmathematiciansworkfacedunprecedentedchallenges.behindotherdisciplinescollaboration.callsforresearchfundingcatchup.Questions19to21basedonyouhaveheard.1229.A)ScientiststriedsendaballoonScientistsdiscoveredwateronScientistsfoundhadatmosphere.Scientistsobservedfromaspacevehicle.0.A)ItresemblesEarthaspects.theasfictionhasportrayed.aparadiseofromanceforalienlife.undergoesgeologicalchangeslikeEarth.1.A)Ithavebeenhotterthanmighthavebeenacozyhabitatforlife.usedhavemorewaterthanEarth.usedbecoveredrainforests.Questions22to25basedonyouhaveheard.2222.A)Causesofsleeplessness.Cross-culturalcommunication.CulturalMotivationandpositivefeelings.3.A)Theyattachgreatimportancesleep.Theyoftenhavetroublefallingasleep.TheypaymoreattentionsleepTheygenerallysleeplongerthanEastAsians.4.A)askingpeoplereporttheirsleephabits.observingsleeppatternslabs.havingpeoplewearmotion-detectingwatches.-3-videotapingdailysleepingprocesses.5.A)Ithasmaderemarkableprogressthepastfewdecades.hasnotexploredthecross-culturalaspectofsleep.hasnotproducedanythingconclusive.2hasattachedattentionallovertheworld.PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereapassagetenblanks.arerequiredselectonewordforeachblankfromaofchoicesgivenawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.EachchoicethebankidentifiedbyaPleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2asinglelinethroughthecentre.notuseanyofthewordsthebankthanonce.Questions26to35basedonfollowingpassage.Thedreamofpersonalisedflightvividthemindsofinventors,developingcycle-poweredcraft,others26moneyintojetpacks(噴氣飛行背包).theflyingcarhasalwaysremainedthe27symbolofpersonaltransportfreedom.Severalcompaniesaroundtheworldhaveproduced28thatcanonroadsandAirbushasafuturisticmodular(組件式的)conceptinvolvingapassengercapsulethatcanbe29fromtheroad-goingchassis(底盤)andpickedupbyahelicopter-typemachine.Butalltheseconceptsaremassivelyexpensive,requiresafetycertificationstandardsforroadandneed30controls,involvecomplexfoldingandpropellers,andhavebeflownfromtheyarelikelyremainrichplaythingsratherthanpracticaltransportsolutionsforthemasses.“AcarthattakesfromLondonstreetandlandsanother31streetunlikelyhappen,”Prof.aleadingaeronautical“SkytaxisaremuchmoreButthatstopinventorsfromdreamingupnewflyandtryingpersuadeinvestorsbacktheirsometimes32schemes.Civilianaviationbeingdisrupted,notbytheage-olddesiresforspeed,romanticismand33,butbythepressingneedrespondachangingclimate.Newelectricenginescoupledartificialintelligenceand34systemscontributeamoreefficient,integratedtransportsystemthatlesspollutingandlessThatsoundsimple,butasProf.Graysays,“WhenItravelsomewhereIlikethisnotionthatwhenIfinishmyjourneyIfeelbetterthanwhenIstartedcompletelyat35howIfeelNowthatwouldbeprogress.autonomousdetacheddualI)pouringJ)prototypesrandomglamourimminentoddsrepressingsegmentedspectrumultimateoppositesoutrageous-4-SectionBDirections:Inthissection,aregoingreadapassagetenstatementsattachedEachstatementcontainsinformationgivenoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationderived.maychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.EachparagraphmarkedaAnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.CompanieswithConsumersto[A]consumers,arewasteful.theworldgenerates1.3billiontonsofsolidwaste.Thisexpectedup2.2billionby2025.Thedevelopedcountriesareresponsiblefor44%ofwaste,andthealone,theaveragepersonthrowsawaytheirbodyweightrubbisheverymonth.Conventionalwisdomwouldseemsuggestthatcompanieshavenoincentivelengthenthecycleoftheirproductsandreducetherevenuetheywouldfromsellingnewgoods.andmorebusinessesarethinkingabouthowreduceconsumerwaste.Thispartlydrivenbytherisingpriceofrawmaterialsandmetals.Italsopartlyduebothconsumersandcompaniesbecomingmoreawareoftheneedprotectourenvironment.Whenchoosingwhatproductsbuyandwhichbrandsbuyfrom,andmoreconsumersarelookingintoThisopposedjustpriceandperformancetheywereconcernedaboutthepast.Inasurveyof54oftheleadingbrands,almostallofthemreportedthatconsumersareshowingincreasingcareaboutsustainablelifestyles.thetime,onconsumerstheandtheU.K.showthattheyalsocareaboutminimizinguseandreducingwaste.[D]themostpart,consumerscontrolwhathappensaproduct.Butcompaniesarerealizingthatplacingtheburdenofrecyclingentirelyontheconsumernotanespeciallywhentossingsomethingawayseemsliketheeasiestandconvenientoption.Someretailersandmanufacturerstheclothing,andelectronicsindustrieshavelaunchedenvironmentalprograms.Theywanttheircustomersinterestedpreservingtheirproductsandpreventingthingsthathavevaluefromgoingthegarbagedump.offeringserviceshelpexpandthelongevityoftheirproducts,they’repromisingqualityanddurabilityconsumers,andreceivingthereputationalgainsforbeingenvironmentallyexample,theSwedishjeanscompanyNudieJeansfreerepairattwentyoftheirshops.Insteadofdiscardingtheiroldworn-outjeans,customersbringthemberenewed.Thecompanyevenprovidesmail-orderrepairkitsandonlinevideos,sothatcustomerscanlearnhowfixapairofjeansathome.Theirphilosophythatextendingtheofapairofjeansnotonlygreatfortheenvironment,butallowstheconsumermorevalueoutoftheirproduct.Whencustomersdowanttosstheirtheycanthembackthestore,whichrepurposeandresellAnotherclothingPatagonia,ahigh-endoutdoorclothingstore,followstheprinciple.haspartneredDIYwebsiteiFixitteachconsumershowrepairtheirclothing,suchaswaterproofouterwear,athome.Thecompanyalsoarepairprogramfortheircustomersforamodestfee.Patagoniarepairsabout40,000garmentsayeartheirReno,Nevada,serviceAccordingtheRoseMarcario,thisaboutbuildingacompanythatcaresabouttheenvironment.thetime,-5-repairsupportstheperceivedqualityofitsproducts.InBrazil,themultinationalcorporationAdidashasbeenrunningashoe-recycling[programcalled“SustainableFootprint”since2012.CustomerscanbringshoesofanybrandintoanAdidasstoretobeshreddedandturnedintoalternativefuelsforcreationinsteadofbeingburnedastrash.Theyareusedtofuelcementovens.motivatevisitorstobringinoldshoes,AdidasBrazilpromotestheprograminstoresbyshowingvideostoeducatecustomers,anditevenoffersadiscounteachtimeacustomerbringsinanoldpairofshoes.ThisbooststhereputationandofAdidasbymakingpeopleawareofthevalues.[H]Enormousopportunitiesalsoliewithe-waste.isestimatedthatin2014theworldproduced42millionmetrictonsofe-waste(discardedelectricalandelectronicequipmentanditsparts)withNorthAmericaandEuropeaccountingfor8and12millionmetrictonsThematerialsfrome-wasteincludeiron,gold,andaluminummaterialsthatcouldbereused,resold,salvaged,orrecycled.thevalueofthesemetalsisestimatedtobeabout$52billion.ElectronicsgiantslikeBestBuyandSamsunghaveprovidede-wastetake-backprogramsoverthepastfewyears,whichaimrefurbish(翻新)oldelectroniccomponentsandpartsintonewproducts.[I]othercompaniesinterestedreducingwaste,helpingtheenvironment,andprovidingthesustainablelifestylesthatconsumersseek,herearefirststepsforbuildingarelationshipcustomersthatfocusesonrecyclingandrestoringvalueproducts:[J]partners.Ifareamanufacturerwhoreliesonoutsidedistributors,thenretailersaretheidealpartnerforcollectingoldproducts.Powertoolmakerpartnerscompanies,suchasLowesandNapaAutocollectoldtoolsattheirstoresforrecycling.Thepartnershipbenefitsbothsidesbyallowingunconventionalpartners(forexample,companiesfromdifferentindustries)worktogetheronaspecificaspectofthevaluechain,like,thisexample,anenginefirmanaccessoryone.Createincentives.Environmentalconscientiousnesscustomersrecycleoldgoods.instance,discoveredthatmanycontractorswereholdingontheiroldtools,eventheynolongerworked,becausetheywereexpensivepurchasesandwashardjustifybringingthemrecycle.offeringinstantdiscountsworthasas$100,launchedaprogramencouragepeoplebringbacktools.aresult,nowreusesthosematerialscreatenewproducts.atrialprogram,andexpectthedetailsasAnytake-back[programlikelyovertime,dependingonwhatforyourcustomersandcompanygoals.seelowcustomerparticipationatfirst,orsomuchsuccessthatthecostofrecyclingbecomestoohigh.Bestforinstance,hasbeenbearingtheshareofe-wastevolumesinceofcompetitors,anddonothavetheirownrecyclingprograms.Sincethelaunchofprogram,BestBuychangedpolicyadda$25feeforrecyclingoldtelevisionsorderkeeptheprogram[M]Buildacultureofcollectivevaluescustomers.Astrongerrelationshipbetweentheretailer/producerandtheconsumerjustaboutfinancialincentives.creatingmoreawarenessaroundyourreducewaste,andbydevelopingacultureofandreuse,canbuildcustomerloyaltybasedonsharedvaluesandresponsibilities.Theseexamplesarejusttheofthebuttheydemonstratehowhelpingcustomersmoreuseoftheirmaterialscantransformvaluechainsandoperations.Reducingwastebyincorporatingusedmaterialsintoproductioncancutcostsanddecreasethepriceofprocurement(采購):lessbeprocuredfromtheoutsideandmorebere-utilizedfromthe-6-inside.Companiesplayabigrolecreatingacircularwhichvaluegeneratinglessfromextractingnewresourcesandfromgettingbetteruseoutoftheresourcesalreadyhave--buttheyalsocustomersengagedtheprocess.36.companiesbelievethatproducts’prolongedlifespanbenefitsboththeenvironmentandcustomers.37.Asurveyshowsshopperstodayaregettingmoreconcernedaboutconservationandenvironmentalprotectionwhendecidingwhat38.Companiescanbuildcustomerloyaltybycreatingapositivecultureofenvironmentalawareness.39.Whencompanieslaunchenvironmentalprograms,theyhavetheirbrandreputationenhanced.40.Onemultinationalcompanydiscountscustomerswhobringoldfootwearbeusedasfuel.4441.Recyclingusedproductscanhelpmanufacturersreduceproductioncosts.2.Electronicproductscontainvaluablemetalsthatcouldberecovered.3.Itseemscommonlybelievedthatcompaniesarenotmotivatedprolongtheirproducts’lifespan.444.Itadvisableforcompaniespartnereachotherproductrecycling.5.Somebusinesseshavebegunrealizenotbeletconsumersfullresponsibilityforrecycling.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesthissection.Eachpassagefollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements.eachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),andD).shoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswer2asinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageQuestions46to50basedonfollowingpassage.ScreenActorsGuild-AmericanFederationofandRadioArtists(SAG-AFTRA)hasdeclaredastrikeagainstvideogamepublishersovergamesthatwentintoproductionafterFeb.17,2015.ThecompaniesincludeoftheheavyweightsofthelikeElectronicProductions,InsomniacGames,ActivisionandThestrikecomeslightofanunsuccessful19monthsofnegotiationsaftertheexistinglaborcontractknownastheInteractiveMediaAgreementexpiredlate2014.overall,thestrikeanprovidemoresecondarycompensationalongotherconcerns,suchastransparencyuponhiringtalentandon-set(制作中)safetyprecautions.Thevideogamingindustryhasballoonedrecentyears.TheLosAngelesreportsthat-7-theindustrythemidstofanintenseincreasecash2015,gamingproduced$23.5billiondomesticrevenue.ButSAG-AFTRAvoiceactorsdon’treceiveresiduals(追加酬金)fortheirgamingwork.Instead,theyreceiveafixedrate,whichtypicallyabout$825forastandardvocalsession.thevoiceactorsarepushingfortheideaofsecondarycompensation—aperformancebonuseveryasells2millioncopiesordownloads,orreaches2millionsubscribers,acapat8million.“asmallnumberofgamesthatwouldtriggerthissecondarycompensationissue,”saidvoiceactorCrispinFreeman,amemberofthenegotiatingcommittee.“Thisanimportantaspectofwhatmeansbeafreelance(從事自由職業(yè)的)whoregularlyemployedeverysingledayworkingonprojects.”Anothercomplaintfromtheactorsthesecrecyofthe“Ican’timagineanyotheractingjobtheworldwhereknowwhatshowyou’rein,whenyou’rehired,”voiceactorKeythewhochairstheSAG-AFTRAnegotiatingcommittee.“Andthathappenseverydaythevideoworld,”Farleytoldreportersduringapressconference“IwasacharacterFallout4,acharacterbytheofandIneverknewthatIwasdoingvocalrecordingforthatthroughouttheyearandahalf.”Scotttherepresentingthevideocompanies,voiceactors“representlessthanonetenthof1percentoftheworkthatgoesintomakingavideogame.”“eventhoughthey’rethetopcraftsmentheirfield,”“ifpaythemunderavastlydifferentsystemthanthepeoplewhodothe99.9percentofthegoingcreatefarmoreproblemsforthevideocompanies.”444456.WhydidSAG-AFTRAdeclareastrikeagainstvideogamepublishers?Thelaborcontractbetweenthemhadbeenviolated.Itsappealrenegotiatethecontracthadbeenrejected.Ithadbeencheatedrepeatedlythe19monthsoftalks.Thenegotiationsbetweenthemhadbrokendown.7.Whatdolearnfromtheaboutthevideogamingindustry?Ithasreapedhugeprofitsrecentyears.Ithasbecomemoreopenandtransparent.Ithasattractedmanyfamousvoiceactors.Ithasinvestedalotdomesticmarket.8.Whatarethevoiceactorsdemanding?regularemployment.Anon-discriminatorycontract.Extrapaybasedonsalesrevenues.Aonthemaximumworkhours.9.WhatdoesKeytheFarleysayaboutvoiceactors?Theyarekeptthedarkaboutmanydetailsoftheirjob.TheyarediscriminatedagainstthegamingTheyarenotpaidonaregularbasis.Theyarenotemployedfull-time.0.WhattheoflawyerScottactorsshouldhaveapayraisetheyprovebetopcraftsmen.Changingthepaysystemwouldcausetheindustrymoreproblems.-8-actorsarecraftsmen,notprofessionalperformers.PayingvoiceactorsonanhourlybasislinethePassageQuestions51to55basedonfollowingpassage.attheHouseannouncedanewspacepolicyfocusedonmanagingtheincreasingnumberofsatellitesthatcompaniesandgovernmentsarelaunchingintospace.SpacePolicyDirective-3outgeneralguidelinesfortheUnitedStatesmitigate(緩解)theeffectsofspacedebrisandtrackandspace.ThispolicysetsthefortheDepartmentofCommerceoverthemanagementofspace.Thedepartmentsurethatnewlylaunchedsatellitesuseradiofrequenciesthatwouldinterfereexistingsatellites,andschedulewhensuchnewsatellitescanbelaunched.ThisonlyappliesAmericanspaceactivities,butthehopethathelpstandardizeasetofnormsthedawningcommercialspaceflightindustrythroughouttheworld.Space,especiallythespacedirectlyaroundourplanet,gettingcrowdedasmoregovernmentsandcompanieslaunchsatellites.Oneimpetusforthepolicythatcompaniesarealreadystartingbuildmassiveconstellations(星座),comprisinghundredsorthousandsofsatellitesmanymovingpartsamongsospace,andalimitedareaaroundourplanet,thegovernmentwantsreducethechancesofacollision.ormoresatellitesslammingintoeachothercouldcreatemanyout-of-controlbitsthatwouldposeevenhazardsthegrowingcollectionofsatellitesspace.Andnotlikethishappenedbefore.In2009anoldRussiancraftslammedintoacommunicationssatellite,creatingacloudofhundredsofpiecesofdebrisandputtingotherhardwareatrisk.JournalistSarahScolesreportsthatcurrentlytracksabout24,000objectsspace,and2016theForcehadissue3,995,874warningssatelliteownersalertingthemapotentialnearb