Unit4Sharing限制性定語(yǔ)從句RestrictiveAttributiveClauseGrammar

Theyarekindandwarm-heartedpeoplewhocangivetime,energyandtalentstohelpothersinneedandservetheircommunities,expectingnothinginreturn.ARiddle(謎)Whoarethey?在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句。（起定語(yǔ)的作用）2.先行詞：被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞或代詞。3.關(guān)系詞：定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞which,that,who,whom,whose，as等where,when,why在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)1.定義：

引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞。起著連接主從句、指代先行詞和在從句中作成分的三重作用。Themanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables.先行詞定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞ThemanwholivesnexttouswhoThemansellsvegetables.Helivesnexttous.合并句子圖示共有詞主句：從句：共有詞關(guān)系詞共有詞關(guān)系詞主句從句Thegirlgotfirst.Herfatherhadgivenusareport.

Thegirl

whosefather

hadgivenusareport

gotfirst.把兩個(gè)句子合成一個(gè)含有定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句一、定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞that，which，who,whom,whose的用法指代內(nèi)容所做成分是否可省略thatwhichwhowhomwhose關(guān)系代詞的用法人；物物人人(人/物)的主,賓,表主,賓，表主,賓，表賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)可省作賓語(yǔ)可省作賓語(yǔ)可省可省不可省口訣:前看先行詞,辯清人或物后看從句里,有無(wú)主賓語(yǔ)

that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換,但在下列情況下,一般用that而不用which。Note1請(qǐng)牢記：只用that不用which的情況：

1.Theterribletyphoonkilledthepeopleandcattle_____wereinthefields.2.Thewindblewdownthetallesttree_______isinfrontofourschoolgate.3.Thisistheverything______Iwaslookingfor.thatthatthat先行詞中既有人又有事物時(shí)用that.先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thejust,thelast修飾時(shí)用that4.Thereisabookonthedesk____Ilike.5.Thereisnothingintheworld_______canfrightenme.6.Whoistheman_______isreadingunderthetree?thatthatthat當(dāng)主句是here,there以開(kāi)頭時(shí)用that先行詞為all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代詞時(shí)用that當(dāng)主句是以which,who開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)用that

關(guān)系代詞that,which,who,whom,whose都可以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)，使用時(shí)要考慮兩點(diǎn)：1.先行詞是“人”還是“物”；2.關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)什么成分。首先,當(dāng)先行詞是“人”時(shí)：關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，用that/who；關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，用whom/that/who.其次,先行詞如果是“物”時(shí)：可用關(guān)系代詞that/which來(lái)充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)；whose可指人或物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)。另外，還要熟記一般只用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的幾種情況。Summary關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí),可以把從句的介詞提前至關(guān)系代詞前，這時(shí)定語(yǔ)從句由介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)。二、“介詞+關(guān)系代詞which(指物)/whom(指人)"引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句ThisisthefactorywhichIworkedintenyearsago.ThisisthefactoryinwhichIworkedtenyearsago.=whereThisisthefactory.Iworkedinthefactorytenyearsago.1.Iwillgiveyouthebook___________youaskedfor.=Iwillgiveyouthebook__________youasked.2.Wemettheman________________wetalkedabout.=Wemettheman______________wetalked.

(that/which)

forwhich(whom/that/who)aboutwhom介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),如先行詞是物,關(guān)系代詞只能用which，而不能用that。介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),如先行詞是人,關(guān)系代詞只能用whom，而不能用that和who。關(guān)系代詞前的介詞如何確定:I’llneverforgettheday

onwhichIwasborn.1996istheyearinwhichyouwereborn.小結(jié)1.根據(jù)所用的介詞與先行詞的習(xí)慣搭配來(lái)判斷

HongKongisthecityfromwhichhecomes.Youarethestudentswithwhomyourheadteacherisstrict.小結(jié)2:看定語(yǔ)從句中動(dòng)詞與介詞或形容詞與介詞的搭配來(lái)判斷WuSongwasthemanbywhomthetigerwasbeaten.小結(jié)3：根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句的意義來(lái)判斷2.介詞＋關(guān)系代詞前還可有some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each,few

等代詞或數(shù)詞+of。Therearemanyappleshere,someofwhich

havegonebad.Hehas3sons,twoofwhom

aredoctors.=andsomeofthem…=andtwoofthem1)Hesentusmanybooks,noneof______islikedbyall.2)Hesentusmanybooks,butnoneof______islikedbyall.3)Hesentusmanybooks.Noneof_____islikedbyall.4)Hesentusmanybooks;Noneof_____islikedbyall.A.themB.thatC.whichD.noneCAA▲要注意句中是否有并列連詞but,and,or等A像listento,lookat,dependon,payattentionto,takecareof等固定短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,在定語(yǔ)從句中一般不宜將介詞與動(dòng)詞分開(kāi)。Thisistheboywhomshehastakencareof.

1.Thisistherock_________theboyfelldownintothesea.2.Thefilmstar__________wetalkedalotyesterdaywillgiveusaspeechtomorrow.3.TheWestLake_______Hangzhouisfamousintheworldwillbemorebeautiful.4.Thesubject_______XiaoWangis

goodisphysics.fromwhichaboutwhomforwhichatwhich請(qǐng)用“介詞+which或whom”完成以下句子5.Thereason_________hecouldnotgotherewasthathisgradeswastoolow.6.Theprofessor__________Mr.Smithshookhandsyesterdayhasmadenewdiscoveriesinscience.7.Couldyoutellmetheday________youarrived?8.Iwilltreasurethedays________Ilivedhere.withwhomonwhichinwhichforwhichSummary“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，介詞后的關(guān)系代詞不能用that。先行詞指物時(shí)，介詞后的關(guān)系代詞用which；指人時(shí)用whom.三、定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系副詞when,where,why的用法1.關(guān)系副詞whereThisisthefactorywhere

Iworkedtenyearsago.Theschool

where

mysonstudiesisnearapark.小結(jié)：where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾表示地點(diǎn)的名詞,并在定語(yǔ)從句中作________,相當(dāng)于“介詞+_______”。inwhichatwhich地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)which2.關(guān)系副詞whenThey’llneverforgetJuly1

when

HongKongreturnedtoitsmotherland.Thedays

when

welivedtogetherhappilyaregoneforever.onwhichduringwhich小結(jié)：when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾表示時(shí)間的名詞,在定語(yǔ)從句中作_________,相當(dāng)于“介詞+_______”。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)whichTherearemanyreasons.Peopleliketravelingformanyreasons.3.關(guān)系副詞whywhy

引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞

reason,在從句中作原因狀語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于“for+which”。Therearemanyreasons

why

peopleliketraveling.forwhich1.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears___Iliveinthefarm.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.why2.Doyouknowthereason___hewaslate?A.forwhichB.forwhatC.whichD.thatExercises3.Isthatthereason_____youareinfavoroftheproposal?A.whichB.whatC.whyD.forthat4.Icanstillrememberthesitting-room_____mymotherandIusedtositintheevening.A.what

B.which

C.that

D.where5.Whocanthinkofasituation_____thisidiomcanbeused?A.whichB.thatC.whereD.inthat注意：當(dāng)先行詞是situation,case,point,position,stage等表抽象地點(diǎn)的詞時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句中缺少狀語(yǔ)，也要用where引導(dǎo)。Thisisthepoint

whereIdon'tagree.ThepolicearelookingintothecasewheretwoVIPswerekilled.注意：當(dāng)先行詞是時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞在從句中做狀語(yǔ)時(shí)才用關(guān)系副詞when、where、why；如做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)仍用關(guān)系代詞that、which1).Thisistheplace_______heworks.Thisistheplace______________wevisitedlastyear.2).Thatwastheday_______hearrived.Doyoustillremembertheday____________wespenttogether?3).Thisisthereason______heleft.Thereason___________hegaveuswasquitereasonable.wherewhich/thatwhenthat/whichwhythat/which選擇定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞一定要看先行詞在從句中所做成分。當(dāng)先行詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ),則選擇相應(yīng)的關(guān)系_____________________。當(dāng)先行詞在從句中作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ),則選擇相應(yīng)的關(guān)系__________________________。副詞when,where,why代詞that,which,who,whom等Summary：關(guān)系副詞的用法關(guān)系副詞指代在從句中的作用when(=相應(yīng)的介詞+which)

where(=相應(yīng)的介詞+which)why(=forwhich)

時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)原因原因狀語(yǔ)五、定語(yǔ)從句中需注意的問(wèn)題Helivesintheroomwhosewindow

facessouth.

=Helivesintheroom,____________________facessouth.=Helivesintheroom,___________________facessouth.thewindowofwhichofwhichthewindow注意：Note1:whose+名詞

=the+n.+ofwhich/whom=ofwhich/whom+the+n.Filltheblankwiththeproperrelatives.Theteachers___________arepresentareallexperiencedteachers.2.Ourclassisabigfamily_________consistsof50girlsand32boys.3.Davidistheboy________Englishisverygoodinourclass.4.I’dlikearoom______windowlooksoutoverthesea.5.Thedoctor___________________youarelookingforisintheroom.who/thatwhich/thatwhosewhose(whom/who/that)主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)1)Heisoneofthestudentsinhisclasswho______(have)gottheteacher’spraise2)Heistheonlyoneinhisclasswho______(have)gottheteacher’spraise

hashaveNote3.先行詞是theway時(shí)Idon’tliketheway_____helooksatme.2.Idon'tliketheway____hetoldme.(that/which)當(dāng)theway先行詞時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句缺狀語(yǔ)，可用that，inwhich或不用關(guān)系詞；但如果定語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，還是要用關(guān)系代詞that或whichNote4.由as引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句，常用于下列句式：

such…as…像……一樣的，thesame…as…和……同樣的Thisisthesamethingasweareinneedof.Suchpeopleasyousayareshortnow.六.定語(yǔ)從句中易混易錯(cuò)經(jīng)典題型1.Isthispen__youlostyesterday?2.Isthisthepen___youlostyesterday?thatB.inwhichC.theoneD.ofwhich一.注意有無(wú)先行詞CA3.Itwas1997____HongKongreturnedtoChina.4.Itwasin1997____HongKongreturnedtoChina.whenB.thatC.whereD.whichAB二.定語(yǔ)從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句的區(qū)別5.Iwillneverforgettheday___Icametoschoolforthefirsttime.6.Iwillneverforgettheday___Ispentwithyou.whenB.whereC.whichD.inwhichAC三.定語(yǔ)從句的連詞選定要看在從句中的作用7.Peterisoneofthestudents____bestinhisclass.8.Peteristheonlyoneofthestudents____bestinhisclass.whosingsB.whosingC.whosesingD.thatsing四.先行詞的選定BA9.Hehastwosons,both___aredoctors.10.Hehastwosons,andboth___aredoctors.ofthemB.whoC.ofwhomD.ofwhich五.定語(yǔ)從句與并列句的區(qū)別CA

總結(jié)：1.定語(yǔ)從句要避免成分重復(fù)2.定語(yǔ)從句要避免漏用關(guān)系詞3.引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞要使用正確4.從句要用陳述句的語(yǔ)序5.定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)要注意Playthegame:WordsguessingWords

guessing1.apersonwho/thatteachesustolearnthings2.apersonwhosejobistomakeyouunderstandwhatpeoplearesayinginanotherlanguage3.thethingthatyouneedwhenyoubuysomethingteacherinterpretermoney

4.thebookthat/whichweuseeverydayinschool5.theplacewherewewerebornandgrowup6.thedatewhenwewereborn7.thingsthatweneedtowearwhenwecan’tseethingsclearlytextbookhometownbirthdayglasses

8.areasonwhysomeoftheboyscan’tlearnwell9.apersonwhocangivetime,energyandtalentstohelpothersinneedandservetheircommunities,expectingnothinginreturn.10.alargebrushwhich/thatisusedtosweepthefloorlazinessvolunteerbroomCorrectthesentences--Goupwork1.I’musingthepenwhichheboughtityesterday.2.DoyouknowthemanhisnameisTom?3.ThepartywasheldbytheSmithslastweekwasabigsuccess.4.Isthistheschoolwhichdidyousetuplastyear?5.ChengduisthemostbeautifulcitywhichI’veeverseen.6.Moyanandhisworkswhichhavebeenreportedhaveattractedourattention.whosewhich/thatthat或刪去whichthatPracticemakesperfect!Theprizewillgotothewriter______storyshowsthemostimagination.A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.whatC練一練！2.Finallyhereachedalonelyisland_______wascompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.when B.where C.which D.whomC3.You’llfindtaxiswaitingatthebusstation____youcanhiretoreachyourhostfamily. A.which B.where C.when D.asA4.Thebooktellsstoriesoftheearthquakethroughtheeyesofthose_____liveswereaffected.A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.whichA5.Shehasagiftforcreatinganatmosphereforherstudents____allowsthemtocommunicatefreelywitheachother.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.whoA6.Oldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhouses_____arebuiltclosetoeachother.they B.whereC.what D.thatD7.Sheshowedthevisitorsaroundthemuseum,theconstruction_____hadtakenmorethanthreeyears.forwhich B.withwhichC.ofwhich D.towhichC8.Thisisoneofthebestbooks_______.A.thathaveeverbeenwrittenB.thathaseverbeenwrittenC.thathaswrittenD.thathavewritten9.Sheisnottheonlyoneofthegirls___wellinclass.A.whichsingsB.whosingC.whosingsD.whotosingAC10.Isthisfactory____wevisitedlastweek?DIsthisthefactory____wevisitedlastweek?A、whereB、thatC、towhichD、theoneB解題關(guān)鍵：如果是疑問(wèn)句式，將其轉(zhuǎn)化為陳述句式。11.Thisisthebesthotelinthecity___Iknow.A.ItB.whereC.thatD.which12.

YourteacherofChineseisayounglady____comesfromBeijing.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whoseCA1.Iboughtsomebooksfromthebookstore,five

______wereEnglishnovels.A.ofwhichB.whichC.thatD.inwhichAChoosetherightanswer.2.Therearethreelibrariesinourschool,_______werebuiltfiveyearsago.A.allofthemB.eitherofthemC.allofwhichD.bothofthatC3.Doyouremembertheday______yoursisterwasgraduatedasaMasterofArts?

A.which

B.onwhich

C.aboutwhich

D.不填B4.Thebus,____wasalreadyfull,wassurroundedbyanangrycrowd.

A.whichofmost

B.mostofwhich

C.whichofthemost

D.mostofthatB5.Hiswalkingstick,____hecan’twalk,waslostyesterday.A.thatB.withwhichC.whichD.withoutwhichDPracticemakesperfect!Thehouse____weliveisnotbig.Thehouse_____weliveinisnotbig.DBA.inthat

B.which

C.inwhich

D.where3.Itisnotsuchaninterestingmagazine____Ithought.

A.as

B.that

C.which

D.不填4.____youknow,heisafamousmusician.

A.As

B.which

C.That

D.不填A(yù)A5.Shewillneverforgettheday_____shespentinBeijing.A.whenB.whatC.whichD.whyCShewillneverforgettheday_____shestayedwithhiminBeijing.A6.Idon'tlikeEnglish,_____grammarIamnotinterested.

Idon'tlikeEnglish,____grammarisdifficulttolearn.Ilikethishouse,_____doorwayi