Book6Unit4GlobalwarmingPeriod1WarmingupandreadingWarmingupListthingsthatuseenergysourcesofenergyrenewable/non-renewableWordsandexpressions

Fossilfuel(化石燃料):Ancientanimalandplantmaterialbelowthesurfaceoftheearthwithahighcarboncontent[k?n'tent]內容，目錄；滿足；容量,suchascoal,oilandnaturalgas,whichcanbeburnttoproduceenergy;alsoknownasnon-renewableenergybecauseoncetheyareusedtheyhavegoneforever;theycannotberenewed.Whatarefossilfuels?

Fromthefollowingpictures,youwillknowwhereallthisenergycomesfrom.windmills[‘w?nd’m?l](風車)windpower風力acoalpowerstation燃煤發(fā)電站anoilrefinery煉油廠

[r?'fa?n?ri]

anuclearpowerplant原子能發(fā)電站solarpanels

[‘p?nl]太陽能接收器ahydro-electricdam[‘haidr?ui’lektrik]

水壩adj.水力發(fā)電的SamplelistsThingsthatuseenergySourcesofenergyRenewable/non-renewablelightHeating取暖設備

televisioncassette[k?'set]

player卡式錄音機videorecorder

oilcoalnaturalgaswind(windpower)sun(solarenergy)renewablerenewablenon-renewablenon-renewablenon-renewablefridgestovewashingmachinehair-dryerwater(hydro-electric)renewableplantwaste(biomassenergy)renewablehotspringsorgeysers(geothermalenergy)renewablethesea(tidalenergy)renewablecomputer

uranium(nuclearenergy)

[j?'ren??m]

鈾non-renewableRenewableornon-renewable?√Renewableornon-renewable?['ba?om?s]

【能源】(作為潛在能源物質的)有機物；生物堆，生物燃料√RenewableEnergyRenewableenergysources,suchasthesun,wind,rain,andplantmatter植物物質,naturallyandcontinually"renew"themselves.

Theserenewableenergysourcesare:Biomass-organic(plant,animal)materials【能源】(作為潛在能源物質的)有機物；生物堆，生物燃料Geothermal[d?i??(?)'θ??m(?)l]

地熱-theheatoftheearthHydroelectric[ha?dr???'lektr?k水力發(fā)電的

-energyfromflowingorfallingwater(streams,dams)Oceanenergy-fromwaves,tides[海洋]潮汐

,ortemperaturedifferencesintheoceanSolar-fromthesun(twotypesofsystems:solarthermal['θ?ml]太陽能

andphotovoltaic[,f??t??v?l'te??k]

太陽光電

)Wind-fromthewindWhatistoldinthepicture?non-renewableenergysource

NotestoRenewableenergyRenewableenergyresourcesmaybeuseddirectly,orusedtocreateothermoreconvenientformsofenergy.Examplesofdirectusearesolarovens,geothermal(地溫)heating,andwaterandwindmills.Examplesofindirectusewhichrequireenergyharvestingareelectricitygenerationthroughwindturbines(渦輪)orphotovoltaic(光電的)cells,orproductionoffuelssuchasethanol(酒精)frombiomass(生物量).

Renewableenergy(sources)orREScapturetheirenergyfromexistingflowsofenergy,fromon-goingnaturalprocesses,suchassunshine,wind,flowingwater,biologicalprocesses,andgeothermalheatflows.

Mostrenewableenergy,otherthangeothermalandtidalpower,ultimately(基本上)comefromtheSun.Someformsarestoredsolarenergysuchasrainfallandwindpowerwhichareconsideredshort-termsolar-energystorage,whereastheenergyinbiomass(生物量)isaccumulated(積聚)overaperiodofmonths,asinstraw,orthroughmanyyearsasinwood.

Capturingrenewableenergybyplants,animalsandhumansdoesnotpermanentlydeplete(耗盡)theresource.Fossilfuels,whiletheoreticallyrenewableonaverylongtime-scale,areexploitedatratesthatmaydepletetheseresourcesinthenearfuture.1.Haveyoueverseenagreenhouse?Pre-reading2.Whatisthegreenhousemadeandusedfor?A

greenhouse

ismadeofglassandisusedforgrowingplants,

especially(特別，尤其)duringcoldweather.3.Howdoesthegreenhousework?Theairinsidewaswarmbecausetheglasstraps(擋住，吸收)theheatfromthesunandkeepsitfromescaping（逃跑）.Thismakesthegreenhouseheatup（熱量上升）

andsotheplantscangrowthroughout(在…期間)thecoldperiod.Whatarethe“greenhousegases”?Whatdoyouthinkgreenhousegasesdo?GreenhouseGasesMethane['mi?θe?n]

4Ozone['??z??n]臭氧層51Carbondioxide2Watervapor[veip?]

11Nitrousoxide一氧化氮

['na?tr?s]3greenhouseeffectAgreenhouseismadeofglassandisusedforgrowingplantsthroughoutthecoldweather.Theglasstrapstheheatfromthesunandkeepsitfromescaping.Theatmospheresurroundstheearthandcontaincertaingasesinit.Thegasesarecalledgreenhousegaseswhichalsotraptheheatfromthesunandkeeptheearthwarm.GreenhouseAtmosphereGlancequicklyatthemagazinearticleandanswerthequestions.Reading1.Whowrotethemagazinearticle?Whatisthenameofthemagazine?SophieArmstrong.EarthCare.2.Whatarethenamesofthethreescientistsmentionedinthearticle?DrJaniceFoster,CharlesKeeling,GeorgeHambley.3.Whatdotheythinkaboutglobalwarming?Dotheyagreewithoneanother?Therearesomeverydifferentattitudesamongscientiststowardsthisissue.Somethinktheeffectswillbeterrible,whilesomeothersbelievethatweshouldnotworryaboutit.4.Whatarethetwographsabout?Graph1showsthetemperatureincreaseofonedegreeFahrenheitbetween1860to2000.Graph2showsthecarbondioxidecontentintheatmospherefrom1957to1997.5.Whatisthemaintopicofthearticle?GlobalwarmingConstruct

MainideasofeachpartPart1(1)Introduceadebateovertheissueofglobalwarming.Part2(2-5)Howglobalwarmingcomesabout.Part3(6)Listtwodifferentattitudesamongscientiststowardsglobalwarming.Part4(7)It'suptoreaderstothinkanddecidewhetherpeopleshoulddosomethingaboutglobalwarmingornot.Readthepassagecarefullyandjudgewhetherthestatementsaretrueorfalse?Thetemperatureinthelastcenturydidnotseemtoincreasemuch.Everyonebelievesthatglobalwarmingiscausedbytheactivitiesofhumans.JaniceFosterbelievesthatshecanmeasurethefutureglobalriseintemperature.FTT4.Theriseincarbondioxideiscausingasteadyincreaseinglobalwarming.5.GeorgeHambleybelievesthatglobalwarmingwilldogoodratherthanharmtotheearth.6.Itisclearwhattheeffectsofglobalwarmingwillbe.TTF1.Greenhousegasesreferto____.A.carbondioxideB.theburningoffossilfuelsC.byproductsoftheburningoffossilfuelsD.coal,naturalgasandoilCScanning2.Greenhouseeffect____.A.isanaturalphenomenonB.happenswhenthere’stoomuchcarbondioxideC.doesgreatharmtohumanbeingsD.makeslifeforhumanbeingsbetterA3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.ThetemperatureoftheearthincreasedaboutonedegreeFahrenheitduringthe20thcentury.B.Thecarbondioxidecontentintheairincreasedby70partspermillionfrom1957to1997.C.Allscientistsacceptthedataingraph2exceptCharlesKeeling.D.JaniceFostersaysthatmorecarbondioxidewillmakeplantsgrowfaster.A4.WhichofthefollowingisDrJaniceFoster’sopinion?A.Theresultofthetemperatureincreasewillbeserious.B.Theamountofwarmingisnothingserious.C.Weneedn’tworryabouthighlevelsofcarbondioxide.D.Globalwarmingisanaturalphenomenon.A5._____foundouttheamountofcarbondioxideintheatmospherefrom1957to1977.A.Dr.JaniceFosterB.CharlesKeelingC.GeorgeHambleyD.SophieArmstrongA6.Theauthorprobablyagreesthat__.

A.actuallyglobalwarmingisgoodformanB.weshoulddonothingabouttheglobalwarming

C.catastropheswillhappeniftheglobekeepsonwarming

D.alotremainstobefoundoutabouttheeffectsofglobalwarmingD1.Howhastheglobalwarmingcomeabout?①Humanactivity---burningoffossilfuels.②Greenhouseeffect---greenhousegases---weneedthosegases.③Hugequantitiesofextracarbondioxide---from1957to1997---fromaround315partspermilliontoaround370partspermillion.2.Whataretheeffectsofglobalwarming?④Encourageagreaterrangeofanimals.①Thesealeveltorise.②Severestorms,droughts,famines,thespreadofdisease