山東省濰坊市2021屆高三英語上學(xué)期期末試題（含解析）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、座號、考號填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABeforetheDecemberholidaycrazeandcelebrationsstart,Novemberisanidealtimetovisitthesoutheaststatestoenjoymildtemperaturesanduniquefestivalsandevents.SouthCarolinaPecanFestivalinFlorenceHeadtodowntownFlorenceforthispopularannualmunityeventheldthefirstSaturdayofNovember.Therearestageswithlivemusic,over250foodandcraftvendors,artexhibitions,amusementrides,antiquetractorshow,carshow,andpecancookingpetitionwithcelebrityjudges.SeagrovePotteryFestivalinNorthCarolinaThisyearlyfestivalfeatureshandmadepottery,colonialcrafts,andpotterymakingdemonstrations.Potterycollectorscanpickupsomelimitededitionpiecessignedanddatedbylocalpotters.AlwaystheweekendbeforeThanksgiving,theeventstartsonFriday,withadurationofthreedays.MuleDayinCalvary,GeorgiaLabeledasthelargestone—dayfestivalinsouthwestGeorgia,thisannualevent,alwaysheldthefirstSaturdayinNovember,featuresasunrisebreakfast,muleparade(騾子游行)，fleamarketwithhundredsofbooths,abarbecueandfishfry,regionalentertainment,andmore.MuleDaycelebratesthemules’significantcontributiontothearea’sagriculture.VeteransDayParadeinBirmingham,AlabamaVeteransDay,afederalandstateholidayintheUnitedStates,isalwayscelebratedonNovember11th.ThereareeventsthroughouttheSoutheast,includingparadesandceremoniesonorclosetoVeteransDay.1.WhatcanpeopledoatPecanFestival?A.Appreciateartworks.B.Watchmusicshowsonscreen.C.Drivemodemtractorsandcars.D.Buyfoodcookedbycelebrities.2.WhyisMuleDaycelebrated?A.Toboostthelocalmarket.B.Toadvocatecookingskills.C.Toenhancetheimportanceofeconomy.D.Tohonormulesfortheirroleinagriculture.3.WhichfestivalfallsonNovember11th?A.PecanFestival. B.PotteryFestival.C.MuleDay. D.VeteransDay.【答案】1.A2.D3.D【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。11月是游覽東南部各州的理想時間，文章介紹了四個節(jié)日和活動?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SouthCarolinaPecanFestivalinFlorence中“Therearestageswithlivemusic,over250foodandcraftvendors,artexhibitions,amusementrides,antiquetractorshow,carshow,andpecancookingpetitionwithcelebrityjudges.(有現(xiàn)場音樂的舞臺，超過250個食品和工藝商販，藝術(shù)展覽，游樂設(shè)施，古董拖拉機(jī)表演，汽車表演，和名人評委的核桃烹飪比賽。)”可知，在山核桃節(jié)人們可以買到名人做的食物。故選A項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MuleDayinCalvary,Georgia中“MuleDaycelebratesthemules’significantcontributiontothearea’sagriculture.(騾子節(jié)是為了慶祝騾子對當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)業(yè)做出的重大貢獻(xiàn)。)”可知，慶祝騾子節(jié)是要表彰騾子在農(nóng)業(yè)中的貢獻(xiàn)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)VeteransDayParadeinBirmingham,Alabama中“VeteransDay,afederalandstateholidayintheUnitedStates,isalwayscelebratedonNovember11th.(退伍軍人節(jié)是美國的聯(lián)邦和州假日，每年的11月11日都會慶祝。)”可知，退伍軍人節(jié)是在11月11日。選D項(xiàng)。BCOLOMBO,SriLanka(AP)—Duringhisleisuretime,MahindaDasanayakapackshismotorbikewithbooksandrideshismobilelibrary—acrossmostlymuddyroadsrunningthroughteagrowingmountainareas—tounderprivilegedchildreninbackwardruralpartsofSriLanka.Havingwitnessedthehardshipsfacedbychildrenwhosevillageshavenolibraryfacilities,Dasanayaka,achildprotectionofficerforthegovernment,waslookingforwaystohelpthem.Thenthreeyearsago,helaunchedhisprogram,called“BookandMe”.HepurchasedasecondhandHondamotorbikefor30,000SriLankanrupees($162),Onhisoffdays—mostlyduringweekends—herideshismotorbike,whichisfixedwithasteelboxtoholdbooks,toruralvillagesanddistributesthereadingmaterialtochildrenfreeofcharge.Hebegantheprogramin2017with150books—someofhisownandothersdonatedbyfriendscolleaguesandwellwishers.Hiscollectionincludesabout3,000booksonavarietyofsubjects.Sofar,hesaid,hisprogramhasbenefitedmorethan1,500children,aswellasabout150adults.“Iwantedtodosomethingforchildrenwhoareburdenedwithanexamcenterededucation...Andtochangethewaykidslookatsociety,tochangetheirperspectivesandbroadentheirimagination,”hesaid.Apartfromgivingawaybooks,Dasanayakaalsospeakstothechildrenforafewminutes,usuallyunderaroadsidetree,highlightingthevalueofreading,booksandauthors.Hethenconductsadiscussiononbooksthechildrenhaveread,withtheaimofeventuallyformingreadingclubs.WhileDasanayakaspendshisownmoneyonhisprogram,heisnotwealthy,withatakehomeineof20,000rupees($108)amonthfromhisjob.Hesaidhespendsaboutaquarterofthatongasolineforhismobilelibrary.4.HowdidDasanayakastart“BookandMe”?A.Withalargesumofmoney.B.Withausedmotorbikeand150books.C.Bysubscribingtobooksforchildren.D.Byborrowingasteelboxfromhisworkmate.5.WhatdoweknowaboutDasanayakafromhiswordsinParagraph5?A.Heisuncertainabouthisprogram.B.Heistryingtobetterkids’livingconditions.C.Heisseekingtochangekids’waysofthinking.D.Heisoptimisticabouttheexistingschoolingsystem.6.WhydoesDasanayakaholddiscussionsonbookskidsread?A.Tokeepintouchwiththem.B.Topreparetostartreadingclubs.C.Tochecktheirreadingassignments.D.Toknowabouttheirpreferencesofbooks.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AReadingProgram B.AnEducationOfficerC.ALibraryonWheels D.AMotorbikeonRoad【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.C【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了MahindaDasanayaka騎著他的二手摩托車載著移動圖書館到斯里蘭卡落后農(nóng)村地區(qū)，免費(fèi)向貧困兒童分發(fā)閱讀材料?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“HepurchasedasecondhandHondamotorbikefor30,000SriLankanrupees($162)(他花3萬斯里蘭卡盧比(162美元)買了一輛二手本田摩托車)”和第四段中“Hebegantheprogramin2017with150books—someofhisownandothersdonatedbyfriendscolleaguesandwellwishers.(2017年，他帶著150本書開始了這個項(xiàng)目，其中一些是他自己的，另一些是朋友、同事和祝福者捐贈的)”可知，Dasanayaka用一輛二手摩托車和150本書開始了“書與我”這個活動項(xiàng)目。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段““Iwantedtodosomethingforchildrenwhoareburdenedwithanexamcenterededucation...Andtochangethewaykidslookatsociety,tochangetheirperspectivesandbroadentheirimagination,”hesaid.(“我想為那些受應(yīng)試教育的孩子們做點(diǎn)什么……改變孩子們看待社會的方式，改變他們的視角，拓寬他們的想象力”)”可知，Dasanayaka正在試圖改變孩子們的思維方式。故選C項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】推細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Hethenconductsadiscussiononbooksthechildrenhaveread,withtheaimofeventuallyformingreadingclubs.(然后，他就孩子們讀過的書進(jìn)行討論，目的是最終組建閱讀俱樂部。)”可知，Dasanayaka舉行關(guān)于孩子們所讀書籍的討論是為成立讀書俱樂部準(zhǔn)備。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了MahindaDasanayaka騎著他的二手摩托車載著移動圖書館到斯里蘭卡落后農(nóng)村地區(qū)，免費(fèi)向貧困兒童分發(fā)閱讀材料的故事，因此本文的最佳標(biāo)題是“車輪上的圖書館”。故選C項(xiàng)。CYou'velikelyencounteredthehumblebragbeforeboasting（吹噓）disguisedasaplaint,suchas："I'mhavingsuchastressfulday.IgottwojoboffersandIdon'tknowwhattodo.”Thisisatypicalexampleofhumblebragging,atermcoinedbyedicwriterHarrisWittelsreferringto“aspecifictypeofboastthatallowstheoffendertobroadcasttheirachievementswithoutthenecessaryshameandguiltthatshouldnormallyacpanysuchclaims.”Insimplerterms,it'sawaytodisguiseaboastwithsomehumility.Humblebraggingesintwodifferentforms.Thefirstishumilitybased,anexamplebeing,"can'tbelieveIgotthehighestgradeinmyclass”.Thesecondtypeesmixedwithabitofplaint,forexample,"Ican'tbelievethatshopkeeperaskedmeforID.I'm25!”Peopledon'tlikewhenothershumblebragbecausetheyfindtheyarelackinginsincerity.Sincerityisacriticaldimensionofsocialevaluation,whichisviewedasfundamentaltopeople'sidentity.Infact,peopleprizesincerityevenabovepetenceandwarmthinothers,accordingtoDr.Sezer.Ifhumblebraggingdoesn'twork,andnoonelikesit,whydowestilldoit?Weallwanttohighlightourpositivequalitieswithoutseemingproud.Byspeakinginaplaintoranexpressionofhumility,wehopewe'llsomehowlandonthe“sweetspot"ofselfpresentation：promotingourselveswhilealsoconveyinglikability.Inaddition,researchsuggeststhatpeoplemayexperiencepositiveemotionswhilehumblebragging.Consideringthatwe'realllikelytofeeltheurgetohumblebrag,atleasttosomeextent,theproperresponsewhenwehearafrienddoingitmaybetosimplyletitgobecauseultimatelywe'regoingtodoitourselves,andwhoreallywantstobecalledoutonit?8.Whichofthefollowingremarksisanexampleofhumblebragging?A.HowIhatehearingmyvoiceonTV!B.I'mthrilledtobeawardedthefirstprize.C.I'mtheonlypersontogetpromotedinthefirm.D.HowIdislikedoingthesamethingeveryday!9.Whichcanbestdescribepeople'simpressionofhumblebraggers?AHonest. B.Humble.C.Insincere. D.Incapable.10.Whydopeoplehumblebrag?A.Toliftuptheirspirits.B.Toexpresstheirplaints.C.Toimprovetheirmoralqualities.D.Toshowoffwithoutbringingannoyance.11.Whatarepeopleadvisedtodowhenhearinghumblebraggingfromafriend?A.Followitup. B.Leaveitalone.C.Turnagainstit. D.Gettotherootofit.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【解析】本文是說明文。本文主要講述了生活中可能遇到的謙虛地自夸的人的特征，及他們這么做的原因，并就遇到這些人提出了應(yīng)對方法?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“You'velikelyencounteredthehumblebragbefore—boasting(吹噓)disguisedasaplaint(你可能以前遇到過把吹噓偽裝成抱怨的人)”可知，humblebrag是指以抱怨的口氣來吹噓。再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，A項(xiàng)“我多么討厭在電視上聽到我自己的聲音啊”符合題意。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Peopledon'tlikewhenothershumblebragbecausetheyfindtheyarelackinginsincerity.(人們不喜歡別人以看似謙虛的方式自夸，因?yàn)樗麄儼l(fā)現(xiàn)他們?nèi)狈φ\意。)”可知，人們不喜歡別人謙虛地自夸，因?yàn)樗麄儼l(fā)現(xiàn)他們?nèi)狈φ嬲\。由此可知，謙虛地自夸的人給人的印象是不真誠的。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“Weallwanttohighlightourpositivequalitieswithoutseemingproud.(我們都想突出我們的積極品質(zhì)，而不顯得驕傲。)”可知，我們都想要強(qiáng)調(diào)我們積極的品質(zhì)，而看起來卻不驕傲。由此推知，人們謙虛地自夸是為了不令人厭煩的炫耀自己。故選D?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Consideringthatwe'realllikelytofeeltheurgetohumblebrag,atleasttosomeextent,theproperresponsewhenwehearafrienddoingitmaybetosimplyletitgobecauseultimatelywe'regoingtodoitourselves,andwhoreallywantstobecalledoutonit?(考慮到我們都有可能感到謙卑的沖動，至少在某種程度上，當(dāng)我們聽到一個朋友這樣做時，正確的反應(yīng)可能就是不管它——因?yàn)樽罱K我們自己也會做它，誰真的想把它說出來呢)”可知，當(dāng)我們聽到朋友在謙虛地自夸時，不管它就好了。故選B。DThetwilightzone(朦朧地帶)containsthelargestandleastexploredfishstocks(儲備)oftheworld’soceans.Rangingfromjustbelow200metresto1,000metresdeep,itisaninterfacebetweenthewellstudiedsealifeinthesunlitzoneaboveandtheecosystemsofthedarkestterritorybelow.Ithasamajorroleinremovingcarbondioxidefromtheatmosphereandstoringitforcenturiesorlonger.ThetwilightzoneisalsoknowntothelargestmigrationonEarth.Hugenumbersoffishesandzooplankton(浮游動物)movehundredsofmetrestowardsthesurfaceeachnighttofeed,beforewithdrawingbackdownatdawn.Yetthezoneispoorlyunderstood—physically,biogeochemicallyandecologically.Eventhenumberoforganismsthatlivethereremainsamystery,letalonetheirdiversityandfunction.Itisalarming,then,thatthisvastoceandomainisatriskinthreewaysevenbeforeanyofthepotentialconsequencesareunderstood.First,theworld’sgrowingpopulationhasanincreasingneedforfood.Second,seafloorminingformineralsandmetalscouldreleasewasteintotheregion.Andthird,climatechangeisvaryingtemperature,acidificationandoxygenlevelsinwaysthatarelikelytoaffectlifethere.ThetwilightzoneishardIostudy.Itsorganismsaredifficulttosampleandanalyse,beingthinlydistributed,almostinvisibleandoftenfragile.Theyalsoliveatpressuresofupto100atmospheres,whichposesproblemsforlaboratorybasedinvestigations.Criticsmightarguethatwalersnearcoastsandaboveshelvesaremoredeservingofstudy,giventhehugeenvironmentalpressuresthere,aswellastheirimportancetosocieties.And,ofcourse,theyneedattention.Sadly,however,itistoolatetoavoidwidespreadenvironmentaldamagetotheseinshoreregions.Instead,researcheffortsandlocalpoliciesmustaimatminimizingtheworsteffects.Bycontrast,thetwilightzoneisalmostleftinitsoriginalcondition.Moreover,themajorityofitliesbeyondnationaladministration.Thismakesitofmoninterestandresponsibility,andmeansthatglobalagreementisnecessarytomanageit.12.Whatcanwelearnaboutthetwilightzone?A.Ithastheleastfishstocks.B.Itreducesatmosphere’scarbondioxide.C.Itliesatthebottomofsea.D.Ilislocatedabovethesunlitzone.13.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytellus?A.Whereglobalwarmingleadsus.B.Whyhighfoodconsumptionarises.C.Howthetwilightzoneisthreatened.D.Whatimpactspollutionhasonocean.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Thetwilightzone. B.Theinshorearea.C.Itsoriginalcondition. D.Nationaladministration.15.Whichstatementdoestheauthoragreewith?A.Internationalcooperationisessential.B.Inshoreregionsdeservemoreattention.C.Globalagreementhasbeenreached.D.Studyonthetwilightzoneisoutofthequestion.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了海洋中的朦朧地帶，指出了它面臨的威脅性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，呼吁國際合作。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Ithasamajorroleinremovingcarbondioxidefromtheatmosphereandstoringitforcenturiesorlonger.(它在從大氣中去除二氧化碳并將其儲存數(shù)百年或更久方面起著重要作用。)”可知，朦朧地帶減少了大氣中二氧化碳。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中“Itisalarming,then,thatthisvastoceandomainisatriskinthreewaysevenbeforeanyofthepotentialconsequencesareunderstood.(然而，令人擔(dān)憂的是，這片廣闊的海洋領(lǐng)域正面臨著三方面的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)——甚至在任何潛在后果被理解之前。)”以及下文描述了三點(diǎn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，可知，本段主要講述了朦朧地帶是如何受到風(fēng)險(xiǎn)威脅的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Bycontrast,thetwilightzoneisalmostleftinitsoriginalcondition.Moreover,themajorityofitliesbeyondnationaladministration.(相比之下，朦朧地帶幾乎保持了原來的狀態(tài)。此外，它的大部分問題超出了國家行政管理的范圍。)”又提到朦朧地帶幾乎保持了原來的狀態(tài)以及連詞Moreover進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充的內(nèi)容可知，劃線詞it指的是“Thetwilightzone(朦朧地帶)”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thismakesitofmoninterestandresponsibility,andmeansthatglobalagreementisnecessarytomanageit.(這使它具有共同利益和責(zé)任，并意味著有必要達(dá)成全球協(xié)議來管理它。)”可知，作者會同意“國際合作至關(guān)重要?！边@種說法。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Thinkingaboutasummerjobaftergraduation?Asmorepeoplepeteforfeweropenings.you’llneedtodoyourresearchwriteagreatresume（簡歷）andgetreadyfortheinterview.Tofindajobthat'srightforyou,makealistofyourinterestsandstrengths,aswellasyourdislikes,andkeeptheminmindasyoulookforajob.Forexample,ifyoulovebooksorwriting,ajobinabookstoreorlibrarymightbeperfectforyou.___16___Youmightnotknowdetailsabouttheposition,butyoucanpreparebyresearchingthepanyitself.___17___Regardlessofthetypeofjobyou'reapplyingfor,agreatresumereallymakesyoustandout.Mostimportantly,presentthestrengthsinit.Itisaneffectivewaytohighlightyourstrongestskillsandencouragethehiringmanagertoreadmore.Havingajobexperienceonyourresumeincreasesthepossibilitytolandajobtoo.Ifnot,don'tworry—thereareplentyofotherthings,extracurricularorvoluntaryactivitiesyoucandotoimproveyourjobapplications.Makesuretheemailaddressandphonenumberincludeonyourapplication.___18___Whatdojobinterviewerslookfor?___19___Interviewerswanttohirecandidateswhoaresmart,whothinkquicklyandclearly,andwhocanexpressthemselvesandmunicatewell.Dressthepart—yourappearancealsoaffectsyourchancesofgettingthejob.___20___Thatmeansnosandals,jeans,orcutoffs.Evenifyou'llbescoopingicecreambehindacounter,ithelpstolookprofessionalfortheinterview.A.Babysittingisingreatneednowadays.B.Agoodresumeisyourbestjobhuntingtool.C.Thesedetailswillbeusedtocontactyouaboutinterviews.D.Aprecisedescriptionofhobbiesinyourresumeiscrucial.E.It'snotjustpreviousworkhistoryoruniqueskillsthatmatter.F.Whenyouheadoutforyourinterview,avoidlookingtoocasual.G.Butiflittlekidsdriveyoucrazy,ababysittingjobmaynotbeideal.【答案】16.G17.B18.C19.E20.F【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了找工作的方法以及面試的注意事項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】上文“Tofindajobthat'srightforyou,makealistofyourinterestsandstrengths,aswellasyourdislikes,andkeeptheminmindasyoulookforajob.（為了找到一份適合你的工作，把你的興趣和優(yōu)勢，以及你不喜歡的東西列一個清單，在找工作的時候把它們記在心里。）”說明填空處與人們對于工作的興趣優(yōu)勢或者不喜歡的東西有關(guān)。G選項(xiàng)Butiflittlekidsdriveyoucrazy,ababysittingjobmaynotbeideal.（但如果小孩讓你抓狂，保姆的工作可能并不理想。）與不喜歡的東西有關(guān)，符合文意。故選G項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】下文“Regardlessofthetypeofjobyou'reapplyingfor,agreatresumereallymakesyoustandout.（不管你申請的是哪種類型的工作，一份好的簡歷真的會讓你脫穎而出。）”說明好的簡歷的重要性。B選項(xiàng)Agoodresumeisyourbestjobhuntingtool.（一份好的簡歷是你找工作最好的工具。）符合下文文意。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】上文“Makesuretheemailaddressandphonenumberincludeonyourapplication.（確保你的電子郵件地址和號碼包括在你的申請。）”說明在申請里要填入聯(lián)系方式方便聯(lián)系面試。C選項(xiàng)Thesedetailswillbeusedtocontactyouaboutinterviews.（這些細(xì)節(jié)將用于與你聯(lián)系面試。）符合文意。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】上文“Whatdojobinterviewerslookfor?（面試官想要是什么?）”說明填空處是對于面試官想要的人才進(jìn)行說明。下文“Interviewerswanttohirecandidateswhoaresmart,whothinkquicklyandclearly,andwhocanexpressthemselvesandmunicatewell.（面試官想要雇傭那些聰明的，能快速清晰地思考，能很好地表達(dá)自己和溝通的人。）”說明面試官不僅僅想要有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人，更想要聰明的人。E選項(xiàng)It'snotjustpreviousworkhistoryoruniqueskillsthatmatter.（重要的不僅僅是之前的工作經(jīng)歷或獨(dú)特的技能。）符合上下文意。故選E項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】下文“Thatmeansnosandals,jeans,orcutoffs.（也就是說不能穿涼鞋、牛仔褲或短褲。）”說明面試時穿著不能隨意，是對填空處的補(bǔ)充。F選項(xiàng)Whenyouheadoutforyourinterview,avoidlookingtoocasual.（當(dāng)你出門去面試的時候，避免穿得太隨意。）符合文意。故選F項(xiàng)。第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。A22yearoldaircraftmaintenanceengineerlivinginDubai,ZachariahwasvisitingthesouthwestIndiastateofKeralaforafamilyweddingwhenalockdownwasdeclared.Storeshelveswereemptying,andhenceZachariahandhisfather___21___vegetablesontheirfamily'splotofland.UsingYouTubevideosandtechniquesZachariah'sgrandfatherhad___22___tohisfather___23___aguidetheybeganagardenthatfinallyhelped___24___20neighboringhouseholdsduringthepandemic（流行?。?Thetropical（熱帶的）climateofKerala,hesaid,___25___plentyofrainandsun,makingfarminghandsoff___26___it'stimetoharvest.ThatfreestyleoffarmingisinlinewithZachariah'sgrowing___27___insustainableagriculture,amovementthatpromotesworkingwithnatureinsteadofforcingthelandtoobeyman's___28___Whathedidn'trealizewasthata___29___hadbeenplanted,onethatwouldeventuallyleadhimto____30____hiscareerinengineeringandconsideroneinfarming.SoonafterreturningtoDubai,he'sdecidedto____31____careers,fromservingtheskiesto____32____thesoil."It'sabigchangeforme.Butthisiswhatmakesme____33____—helpingothersandbeinginnature."Thetimethey'vespenttogetherhasalsohelpedbringZachariahandhisfather____34____.“WestartedbondingandIthinkthat'swhyI____35____gardening,"Zachariahsaid.21.A.planted B.gathered C.consumed D.delivered22.A.takenover B.passeddown C.handedin D.workedout23.A.under B.with C.as D.without24.A.stimulate B.motivate C.clean D.feed25.A.stores B.provides C.shifts D.requires26.A.for B.while C.until D.though27.A.interest B.influence C.patience D.doubt28.A.passion B.habit C.purpose D.will29.A.vegetable B.tree C.seed D.flower30.A.rethink B.restore C.broaden D.treasure31.A.improve B.choose C.distinguish D.switch32.A.working B.loosening C.researching D.watering33.A.healthy B.wealthy C.happy D.confident34.A.richer B.closer C.busier D.stronger35.A.figuredout B.putoff C.ranacross D.gotinto【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.D25.B26.C27.A28.D29.C30.A31.D32.A33.C34.B35.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了飛機(jī)維修工程師Zachariah在流行病期間和父親一起種植蔬菜，養(yǎng)活了20戶鄰居。這件事讓Zachariah感到很開心，不僅幫助了別人還融入了自然，所以對可持續(xù)發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)生興趣，并決定轉(zhuǎn)行?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：商店的貨架空了，因此Zachariah和他的父親在自家的地里種植蔬菜。A.planted種植；B.gathered聚集；C.consumed消費(fèi)；D.delivered遞送。根據(jù)前文的“Storeshelveswereemptying（商店的貨架空了）”可知，Zachariah和他父親買不到東西，買不到蔬菜，所以就在自家的地里種植蔬菜。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：利用YouTube上的視頻和Zachariah的祖父傳給他父親的技術(shù)作為向?qū)?，他們開辟了一個菜園，最終在流行病期間養(yǎng)活了20戶鄰居。A.takenover接手；B.passeddown傳下來；C.handedin上交；D.workedout解決。根據(jù)上文“techniques”、“Zachariah’sgrandfather”以及下文“aguide”等關(guān)鍵詞，可知Zachariah應(yīng)是借鑒YouTube上的相關(guān)視頻以及祖父傳給他父親的技術(shù)，和他父親開辟了一個菜園種菜。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：利用YouTube上的視頻和Zachariah的祖父傳給他父親的技術(shù)作為向?qū)?，他們開辟了一個菜園，最終在流行病期間養(yǎng)活了20戶鄰居。A.under在……下面；B.with和……；C.as作為；D.without沒有。根據(jù)上文“videosandtechniques”可知，視頻和技術(shù)是提供指導(dǎo)作用的，作為向?qū)У摹９蔬xC項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：利用YouTube上的視頻和Zachariah的祖父傳給他父親的技術(shù)作為向?qū)?，他們開辟了一個菜園，最終在流行病期間養(yǎng)活了20戶鄰居。A.stimulate刺激；B.motivate激勵；C.clean打掃；D.feed喂養(yǎng)、養(yǎng)活。根據(jù)上文“theybeganagarden”可知，Zachariah和父親開辟了一個菜園種菜，說明設(shè)空處應(yīng)是指種出來的菜可以養(yǎng)活20戶鄰居。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他說，喀拉拉邦的熱帶氣候提供了充足的雨水和陽光，使得農(nóng)民在收獲季節(jié)之前不必再耕作。A.stores儲存；B.provides提供；C.shifts轉(zhuǎn)移；D.requires要求。根據(jù)上文“Thetropical（熱帶的）climateofKerala（Kerala的熱帶氣候）”及下文“plentyofrainandsun（充足的雨水和陽光）”“makingfarminghandsoff（讓農(nóng)民可以放手）”可知，喀拉拉邦的氣候是熱帶氣候，雨水和陽光是很充足的，說明這種氣候應(yīng)是可以提供足夠的雨水和陽光，讓農(nóng)民不用太操心。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：他說，喀拉拉邦的熱帶氣候提供了充足的雨水和陽光，使得農(nóng)民在收獲季節(jié)之前不必再耕作。A.for因?yàn)?；B.while在……期間；C.until直到……；D.though盡管。根據(jù)上文“plentyofrainandsun（充足的雨水和陽光）”及“makingfarminghandsoff（讓農(nóng)民可以放手）”可知，喀拉拉邦的氣候提供了優(yōu)良的生長條件，讓農(nóng)民不用操心太多。說明應(yīng)該是直到該收獲的時候農(nóng)民才需要干預(yù)一下。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這種自由的耕作方式與Zachariah對可持續(xù)發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)日益增長的興趣是一致的，可持續(xù)發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)旨在促進(jìn)與自然合作，而不是強(qiáng)迫土地服從人類的意志。A.interest興趣；B.influence影響；C.patience耐心；D.doubt懷疑。根據(jù)下文倒數(shù)第二段“SoonafterreturningtoDubai,he'sdecidedto___11___careers,fromservingtheskiesto___12___thesoil.（回到迪拜后不久，他決定（轉(zhuǎn)變）職業(yè)，從為天空服務(wù)轉(zhuǎn)為耕種土地）”“Butthisiswhatmakesme___13___—helpingothersandbeinginnature.（但這就是讓我開心的原因——幫助別人、融入大自然。）”可知，這種自由耕作的可持續(xù)發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)應(yīng)是讓Zachariah產(chǎn)生興趣，才會有下文講到的他轉(zhuǎn)行的決定以及收獲到的快樂。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這種自由的耕作方式與Zachariah對可持續(xù)發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)日益增長的興趣是一致的，可持續(xù)發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)旨在促進(jìn)與自然合作，而不是強(qiáng)迫土地服從人類的意志。激情；習(xí)慣；目的；意愿、意志。根據(jù)上文“promotesworkingwithnature（促進(jìn)與自然合作）”以及“insteadof”可知，“forcingthelandtoobeyman's___8___”與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折對比關(guān)系。由此可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)是指“違背人類的意愿”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他沒有意識到的是，一顆種子（指想法）已經(jīng)播下，這顆種子最終會讓他重新思考他在工程領(lǐng)域的職業(yè)生涯，并考慮在農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域發(fā)展。A.vegetable蔬菜；B.tree樹；C.seed種子；D.flower花。根據(jù)下文“onethatwouldeventuallyleadhimto___10___hiscareerinengineeringandconsideroneinfarming.（這會讓他最終重新思考他在工程領(lǐng)域的職業(yè)生涯，并考慮在農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域發(fā)展）”可知，下文是對設(shè)空處的說明解釋，說明設(shè)空處應(yīng)是指“會讓Zachariah最終重新思考他在工程領(lǐng)域的職業(yè)生涯，并考慮在農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域發(fā)展的種子（想法）”已經(jīng)在他心中種下，生根發(fā)芽。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他沒有意識到的是，一顆種子（指想法）已經(jīng)播下，這顆種子最終會讓他重新思考他在工程領(lǐng)域的職業(yè)生涯，并考慮在農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域發(fā)展。A.rethink重新考慮；B.restore恢復(fù)；C.broaden使擴(kuò)大；D.treasure珍愛。根據(jù)下文“consideroneinfarming”及“SoonafterreturningtoDubai,he'sdecidedto___11___careers,fromservingtheskiesto___12___thesoil.（回到迪拜后不久，他決定轉(zhuǎn)變職業(yè)，從為天空服務(wù)轉(zhuǎn)為耕種土地）”可知，Zachariah回到迪拜后不久就決定轉(zhuǎn)變職業(yè)，由此可推出設(shè)空處應(yīng)是指重新考慮職業(yè)生涯。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：回到迪拜后不久，他決定轉(zhuǎn)變職業(yè)，從為天空服務(wù)轉(zhuǎn)為耕種土地。A.improve提高；B.choose選擇；C.distinguish區(qū)分；D.switch轉(zhuǎn)變。根據(jù)上文“onethatwouldeventuallyleadhimto___10___hiscareerinengineeringandconsideroneinfarming（這會讓他最終重新思考他在工程領(lǐng)域的職業(yè)生涯，并考慮在農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域發(fā)展）”可知，Zachariah重新考慮了他的職業(yè)，說明設(shè)空處應(yīng)是指轉(zhuǎn)變、改變職業(yè)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：回到迪拜后不久，他決定轉(zhuǎn)變職業(yè)，從為天空服務(wù)轉(zhuǎn)為耕種土地。A.working工作；B.loosening放松；C.researching研究；D.watering澆水。根據(jù)上文“onethatwouldeventuallyleadhimto___10___hiscareerinengineeringandconsideroneinfarming”可知，Zachariah考慮在農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域發(fā)展，所以應(yīng)是指從為天空服務(wù)轉(zhuǎn)為在田間工作。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但這就是讓我開心的原因——幫助別人、融入大自然。A.healthy健康的；B.wealthy富裕的；C.happy開心的；D.confident有信心的。根據(jù)上文“It'sabigchangeforme.（這對我來說是個很大的改變）”以及“But”可知，設(shè)空處與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說明雖然這對于Zachariah來說是個很大的轉(zhuǎn)變，但卻是讓他開心的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在一起勞作的時間也拉近了Zachariah和他父親的距離。A.richer更有錢；B.closer更親密；C.busier更忙碌；D.stronger更強(qiáng)壯。根據(jù)上文“Thetimethey'vespenttogether（他們一起度過的時光）”，以及下文“Westartedbonding（我們開始建立感情）”，可知Zachariah和父親開始建立感情，他們之間的關(guān)系應(yīng)是更好了，更親密了。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我們開始建立感情，“我想這就是為什么我喜歡園藝（種植農(nóng)作物）”，Zachariah說。A.figuredout解決；B.putoff推遲；C.ranacross偶然遇見；D.gotinto陷入、迷戀。根據(jù)上文倒數(shù)第二段“Butthisiswhatmakesme___13___—helpingothersandbeinginnature.（但這就是讓我開心的原因——幫助別人、融入大自然）”以及下文“Westartedbonding（我們開始建立感情）”可知，Zachariah通過與父親種菜讓自己開心，同時還拉近了與父親的關(guān)系。說明他應(yīng)是喜歡園藝（種植農(nóng)作物）的，他愛上了園藝。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thereareplacesonearththat___36___(puzzle)scientistsinthepastcenturiesandhavebeenthesubjectofmuchdiscussionaroundtheworld.TwoofthemostfascinatingplacesareEasterIslandandStonehenge.LyingintheSouthPacific,EasterIslandisoneofthemostisolatedplacesonearthandisfamousforthelargestonemonoliths(巨石)thatlineitscoast.Shapedlikehumanheads,thesestructures,___37___werecarvedbyancientpeople,rangein___38___(high)fromabout3.5to12meters.Today,about600stonesremain.OntheoppositesideoftheworldstandsStonehenge.ThisancientEnglishsiteisacollectionoflargestonesarranged___39___twocircles,oneinsidetheother.Althoughonlyruinsoftheoriginalformationexisttoday,archaeologistsbelievethattheinnercircleofbluestones,each___40___(weigh)about4tons,wasbuiltfirst.Thegiantstonesthatformtheoutercircle,___41___(know)assarsen(砂巖)stones,eachweighasmuchas50tons!Scientists___42___(current)believethatearlyPolynesiansresidentscarved___43___island'smonoliths—believedtobereligioussymbols—fromvolcanicrock,thenpulledthemtotheirdifferent___44___(location).AndtheenormousstonesatStonehenge____45____(transport)fromplacesaroundthecountry—someupto240milesaway.Scientistsconsiderthisaremarkableachievement,forheavyliftingequipmentusedinmodernconstructionwasnotavailableatthattime.【答案】36.havepuzzled/havebeenpuzzling37.which38.height39.in40.weighing41.known42.currently43.the44.locations45.weretransported【解析】本文是一篇說明文，主要對世界上的巨石陣的地點(diǎn)及人文文化背景進(jìn)行了相關(guān)的介紹?！?6題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：在過去的幾個世紀(jì)里，地球上有很多地方困擾著科學(xué)家們。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，onearth后是由that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞places，空處在從句中作謂語，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或者動作從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在而且還可能繼續(xù)下去，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時，故填havepuzzled/havebeenpuzzling?！?7題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：這些形如人類頭部，由古人雕刻的石像，其高度大約位于3.5米到12米之間。此處為非限定性定語從句，關(guān)系詞指代先行詞thesestructures（指物）并在從句中作主語，故填which。【38題詳解】考查名詞。句意：這些形如人類頭部，由古人雕刻的石像，其高度大約位于米到12米之間。作介詞in的賓語用名詞，表抽象意義，不可數(shù)，故填height?！?9題詳解】考查介詞。句意：這一古英格蘭的地點(diǎn)集中了以兩個圓圈排列的許許多多的巨石。固定短語arrangein意為“把……排列成，以順序排列，以次序排列”，故填in。【40題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：雖然現(xiàn)在僅存原始地層的遺跡，但考古學(xué)家認(rèn)為，內(nèi)圈的青石，每個重約4噸，是首先建造的。分析可知，賓語從句中已有謂語動詞wasbuilt，所以空處作后置定語修飾each，表示“重達(dá)”時，weigh的非謂語形式只有現(xiàn)在分詞一種，故填weighing。【41題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：形成外圈的巨石，每個重達(dá)50噸，被成為砂巖石，每個重達(dá)50噸！分析可知，此處使用非謂語形式作后置定語修飾giantstones，beknownas被稱為，此處省略be，用過去分詞作后置定語，故填known?！?2題詳解】考查副詞。句意：科學(xué)家目前相信早期波利尼西亞原住民用火山巖雕刻了島上被認(rèn)為是宗教象征的巨石。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，修飾動詞believe應(yīng)使用副詞，故填currently。【43題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：科學(xué)家目前相信早期波利尼西亞原住民用火山巖雕刻了島上被認(rèn)為是宗教象征的巨石。根據(jù)語境，這些島上的巨石并非第一次在文中出現(xiàn)，此處特指這些巨石，故填the。【44題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：這些原住民接著把它們拉到不同的地點(diǎn)。different修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填locations?！?5題詳解】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：巨石陣?yán)锏倪@些巨石被從整個國家的各個地方運(yùn)過來。分析句意，此處這些巨石是“被運(yùn)輸?shù)摹?，?yīng)使用被動語態(tài)，主語為復(fù)數(shù)，且發(fā)生在過去，故填weretransported。第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.某中學(xué)生英文報(bào)正舉辦“TheSportILikeBest”的征文活動，請用英文寫一篇短文投稿，內(nèi)容包括：1.介紹你喜歡的一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動項(xiàng)目；2.陳述喜歡該項(xiàng)運(yùn)動的理由。注意：80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答.TheSportILikeBest____________________________