專業(yè)英語八級-試卷870(總分：142.00，做題時間：90分鐘)一、LISTENINGCOMPREHENSION(總題數(shù)：6，分數(shù)：50.00)1.PARTILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：2.SECTIONAMINI-LECTUREInthissectionyouwillhearamini-lecture.Youwillhearthemini-lectureONCEONLY.Whilelisteningtothemini-lecture,pleasecompletethegap-fillingtaskonANSWERSHEETONEandwriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachgap.Makesuretheword(s)youfillinis(are)bothgrammaticallyandsemanticallyacceptable.Youmayusetheblanksheetfornote-taking.YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthegap-fillingtask.__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：WritingaResearchPaperI.ResearchPaperandOrdinaryEssayA.Similarityin【T1】1:【T1】2e.g.—choosingatopic—askingquestions—【T2】3theaudience【T2】4B.Differencemainlyintermsof【T3】5【T3】61.researchpaper:printedsources2.ordinaryessay:ideasinone's【T4】7【T4】8II.TypesandCharacteristicsofResearchPapersA.Numberofbasictypes:twoB.Characteristics:1.survey-typepaper—togather【T5】9【T5】10—to【T6】11【T6】12—to【T7】13【T7】14—toparaphraseThewritershouldbe【T8】15.【T8】162.argumentative(research)paper:a.Thewritershoulddomore,e.g.—to【T9】17【T9】18—toquestion,etc.b.【T10】19varieswiththetopic,e.g.【T10】20—torecommendanaction,etc.III.HowtoChooseaTopicforaResearchPaperInchoosingatopic,itisimportantto【T11】21.【T11】22QuestionNo.1:your【T12】23withthetopic【T12】24QuestionNo.2:【T13】25ofrelevantinformationon【T13】26thechosentopicQuestionNo.3:narrowingthetopicdownto【T14】27【T14】28QuestionNo.4:askingquestionsabout【T15】29【T15】30Thequestionshelpustoworkourwayintothetopicanddiscoveritspossibilities.WritingaResearchPaperI.ResearchPaperandOrdinaryEssayA.Similarityin【T1】31:【T1】32e.g.—choosingatopic—askingquestions—【T2】33theaudience【T2】34B.Differencemainlyintermsof【T3】35【T3】361.researchpaper:printedsources2.ordinaryessay:ideasinone's【T4】37【T4】38II.TypesandCharacteristicsofResearchPapersA.Numberofbasictypes:twoB.Characteristics:1.survey-typepaper—togather【T5】39【T5】40—to【T6】41【T6】42—to【T7】43【T7】44—toparaphraseThewritershouldbe【T8】45.【T8】462.argumentative(research)paper:a.Thewritershoulddomore,e.g.—to【T9】47【T9】48—toquestion,etc.b.【T10】49varieswiththetopic,e.g.【T10】50—torecommendanaction,etc.III.HowtoChooseaTopicforaResearchPaperInchoosingatopic,itisimportantto【T11】51.【T11】52QuestionNo.1:your【T12】53withthetopic【T12】54QuestionNo.2:【T13】55ofrelevantinformationon【T13】56thechosentopicQuestionNo.3:narrowingthetopicdownto【T14】57【T14】58QuestionNo.4:askingquestionsabout【T15】59【T15】60Thequestionshelpustoworkourwayintothetopicanddiscoveritspossibilities.（分數(shù)：30.00）(1).【T1】（分數(shù)：2.00）填空項1:__________________

（正確答案：正確答案：basicsteps）解析：(2).【T2】（分數(shù)：2.00）填空項1:__________________

（正確答案：正確答案：identifying）解析：(3).【T3】（分數(shù)：2.00）填空項1:__________________

（正確答案：正確答案：rawmaterial）解析：(4).【T4】（分數(shù)：2.00）填空項1:__________________

（正確答案：正確答案：head）解析：(5).【T5】（分數(shù)：2.00）填空項1:__________________

（正確答案：正確答案：factsandopinions）解析：(6).【T6】（分數(shù)：2.00）填空項1:__________________

（正確答案：正確答案：quote）解析：(7).【T7】（分數(shù)：2.00）填空項1:__________________

（正確答案：正確答案：summarize）解析：(8).【T8】（分數(shù)：2.00）填空項1:__________________

（正確答案：正確答案：objective）解析：(9).【T9】（分數(shù)：2.00）填空項1:__________________

（正確答案：正確答案：interpret）解析：(10).【T10】（分數(shù)：2.00）填空項1:__________________

（正確答案：正確答案：Purpose）解析：(11).【T11】（分數(shù)：2.00）填空項1:__________________

（正確答案：正確答案：askquestions）解析：(12).【T12】（分數(shù)：2.00）填空項1:__________________

（正確答案：正確答案：familiarity）解析：(13).【T13】（分數(shù)：2.00）填空項1:__________________

（正確答案：正確答案：availability）解析：(14).【T14】（分數(shù)：2.00）填空項1:__________________

（正確答案：正確答案：amanageablesize）解析：(15).【T15】（分數(shù)：2.00）填空項1:__________________

（正確答案：正確答案：thetopicitself）解析：3.SECTIONBINTERVIEWInthissectionyouwillhearONEinterview.TheinterviewwillbedividedintoTWOparts.Attheendofeachpart,fivequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.BoththeinterviewandthequestionswillbespokenONCEONLY.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeaten-secondpause.Duringthepause,youshouldreadthefourchoicesof[A],[B],[C]and[D],andmarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWO.YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthequestions.__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：（分數(shù)：10.00）

A.Becauseheneedshelpforasurveyonsmokers'habits.

√

B.Becausehewantstogivethewomanahelpinghand.

C.Becausehecan'tfindhiswaytoacigaretteshop.

D.Becausehewantstodistributeleafletstothewoman.解析：

A.Timeofsmoking.

B.Quantityofcigarettes.

√

C.Frequencyofsmoking.

D.Typesofcigarettes.解析：

A.Self-composed.

√

B.Silent.

C.Intense.

D.Ambitious.解析：

A.23.

B.32.

C.17.

√

D.22.解析：

A.Becauseshewassavingup.

√

B.Becauseshewaspregnant.

C.Becauseherhusbandadvisedhertodoso.

D.Becauseshefellillbecauseofsmoking.解析：（分數(shù)：10.00）

A.Itwasbecausethefirsttimewasn'tasuccess.

B.Thissecondtimewasforherunbornbaby.

√

C.Shewantedtosetagoodexampleforherhusband.

D.Shewasforcedtodosobyfinancialtroubles.解析：

A.SittingwatchingTV.

B.Readingabook.

C.Stayingalone.

D.Gatheringwithfriends.

√解析：

A.WatchingTV.

B.Gatheringwithfriends.

C.Doingchores.

√

D.Readingabook.解析：

A.Buyingsomebooks.

B.Preparingforlunch.

√

C.Meetingwithfriends.

D.Goingtohercompany.解析：

A.Itmakesherexcitable.

B.Itkeepsherawake.

C.Shecan'tsayforsure.

√

D.Shebecomessad.解析：二、READINGCOMPREHENSION(總題數(shù)：10，分數(shù)：44.00)4.PARTIIREADINGCOMPREHENSION__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：5.SECTIONAMULTIPLE-CHOICEQUESTIONSInthissectionthereareseveralpassagesfollowedbyfourteenmultiple-choicequestions.Foreachmultiple-choicequestion,therearefoursuggestedanswersmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswer.__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：(1)AdoptedatbirthbyafamilyofJehovah'sWitnesses,Iwasaskedfromanearlyagetobehaveasmuchlikeanadultaspossible.ThreetimesaweekintheKingdomHallinMiami,mybrotherandIstrovetositperfectlystillinourchairs.Ourmothercarriedawoodenspooninherpurseandwasquicktotakeusoutsideforbeatingsifwefidgeted.(2)At5,IsatonstageintheKingdomHallinSurrey,England,wheremyfather'sjobhadtakenus.Nervouslypushingmymemorizedlinesintothemicrophone,Ifacedmymother,whowasseatedacrossfromme.WeweredemonstratingforthecongregationexactlyhowaBiblestudywitha"worldly"person,ornon-Witness,shouldgo.(3)Ihadplayedthehouseholderbefore—thepersonwhoansweredthedoor.Thatwaseasy:youjustaskedquestionsthatshowedyoudidn'tknowtheTruth.PortrayingtheWitnesswasharderyouhadtoproducetherightScripturetoansweranyquestionsthehouseholdermightask.(4)Butwehadwrittenourpartsonindexcardsandrehearsedrepeatedlyathome.Iwaswelldressedandshiningclean.Isaidmylinesflawlesslyandgavelooksofconcernattherighttimes.Finally,thehouseholderagreedwitheverythingIhadsaid:herwayoflifewaswicked,andtheBibleclearlyprovedthatJehovah'sWitnessesweretheonlytrueChristianswhowouldbesavedatArmageddon.Herlookwasgrateful.Thenshesmiled,becomingmymotheragain.Everyoneclapped,andsheglowedwithpride.AtlastIcouldgooutinservice.(5)Fromtheageof5untilIwas14,Iknockedonthedoorsofstrangerseachweekwithmemorizedlinesthaturgedthemtorepent.Ididn'tplaywithotherchildren.Ididn'thavebirthdaypartiesorChristmasmornings.WhatIdidwasprayalot.IknewthebooksoftheBibleinorder,byheart,andcouldrecitevariousverses.Mylonelinesswasnourishedbyrich,beautifulfantasiesofeternallifeinaparadiseofpeace,justice,racialharmonyandenvironmentalpurity,arecompensefortherigorandsocialisolationofourlives.(6)Thisblisswasn'tafuturewehadtoworkfor.Witnesseswouldn'tvote,didn'tinvolvethemselvesintemporalmatters,weren'tactivists.Jehovahwoulddoitallforus,destroyingeveryonewhowasn'taWitnessandrestoringtheearthtoharmony.Allwehadtodowastoobeyandwait.(7)ShortlyafterourreturntotheStates,myfatherwasdisfellowshippedforbeinganunrepentantsmoker—smokingviolatedGod'stemple,thebody,muchlikefornicationanddrunkenness.Threeyearslater,myparents'marriagedissolved.Mymother'ssecondhusbandhadservedatBethel,theWatchtow-er'sheadquartersinBrooklyn.Ourdoctrines,basedonPaul'slettersintheNewTestament,gavehimcompletecontrolasthenewheadofthehousehold:mymother'srolewastosubmit.Mystepfatherhappenedtobethekindofpersonwhotookadvantageofthisauthority,physicallyabusingusandforcingustoshunourfathercompletely.(8)Aftertwoyears,Iranawaytolivewithmyfather.Mybrotherjoinedmeatumultuoussixmonthslater.WecontinuedtoattendtheKingdomHallandpreachdoortodoor:theWitnesseshadbeenouronlycommunity.Leavingwasagradualprocessthattookmonthsofquestioning.Irespectedallfaithsdeeply,butat15IdecidedthatIcouldnolongerbepartofareligionthatoverlookedinequality.(9)Aftershefinallydivorcedmystepfather,mymothermovedoutofstateandmarriedanotherWitness.Ouroccasionalcorrespondenceskatesoverthesurfaceofourstrainedrelationship.Ifeelforherstruggles.Asmart,capablewoman,shesubjectedherwillandjudgment,astheWitnessesteach,toherhusbands'.Ifshedamagedmybrotherandmeorfailedtoprotectus,shedidsooutoffearandbelief.ShewantedtosaveusfromcertaindestructionatArmageddon,fromacorruptanddirtyworld.Shewantednothinglessforusthanparadise.(10)Ilovemymother,butIalsolovemymodernlife,themultitudeofideasIwasonceforbiddentoentertain,therichfriendshipsandthejoyousloveofmyfamily.Bychoosingtoliveintheworldshescorned—toteachinacollege,tosparetherodentirely,tobelieveinthegoodnessofallkindsofpeople—Ihave,inhereyes,turnedmybacknotonlyonJehovahbutalsoonher.（分數(shù)：6.00）(1).Theauthor'smothercanbedescribedasthefollowingEXCEPT（分數(shù)：2.00）

A.apiousChristian.

B.alovingmother.

C.asubmissivewife.

D.acruelmother.

√解析：解析：細節(jié)推斷題。需結(jié)合全文理解。由文中作者母親不斷要求孩子學(xué)習(xí)圣經(jīng)及其行為可知。作者母親是一位虔誠的教徒，故排除A；倒數(shù)第二段說到母親所做的一切只是為了讓我們遠離腐敗的世界，體現(xiàn)了其母愛，故可排除B，同時確定D項cruel并非母親的本質(zhì)；第7段說到母親的角色就是順從，故排除C項。(2).WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheauthor'schildhood?（分數(shù)：2.00）

A.Hisparentsgotdivorcedwhenhewasstillbaby.

B.Heenjoyedhischildhoodverymuch.

C.HecouldrecitevariouspartsoftheBible.

√

D.Heneversucceededtopleasehismother.解析：解析：細節(jié)推斷題。第5段提到作者小時候可以背誦圣經(jīng)里的不同章節(jié)，故C為正確答案。第7段講到作者父母離婚一事，由文意可知他們在作者成長期離婚，而非在其嬰兒期，故排除A；第5段提到作者童年不能與其他孩子一起玩，過得很不愉快，可排除B；第4段末提到每當作者順利地背出經(jīng)文都可以取悅其母親，故排除D項。(3).Theword"worldly"inParagraphTwomeans（分數(shù)：2.00）

A.secular.

√

B.commercialized.

C.holy.

D.innocent.解析：解析：詞義理解題。worldly與該句中的non-Witness并列，non-Witness指的是非宗教的，故可推斷A項“世俗的，現(xiàn)世的”為正確答案。(1)ThinkofthesolitudefeltbyMarieSmithbeforeshediedearlierthisyearinhernativeAlaska,at89.ShewasthelastpersonwhoknewthelanguageoftheEyakpeopleasamother-tongue.OrimagineNedMandrell,whodiedin1974—hewasthelastnativespeakerofManx,similartoIrishandScotsGaelic.Boththesepeoplehadthecomfortofbeingsurrounded,someofthetime,byenthusiastswhoknewsomethingpreciouswasvanishingandtriedtorecordandlearnwhatevertheycouldofavanishingtongue.Inremotepartsoftheworld,dozensmorepeopleareonthepointoftakingtotheirgravesasystemofcommunicationthatwillneverberecordedorreconstructed.(2)Doesitmatter?Plentyoflanguages—amongthemAkkadian,Etruscan,TangutandChibcha—havegonethewayofthedodo,withoutcausingmuchtroubletothedescendants.Shouldanyonelosesleepoverthefactthatmanytongues—fromManchu(spokeninChina)toHua(Botswana)andGwich'in(Alaska)—areindangerofsufferingasimilarfate?(3)Comparedwithgroupswholobbytosaveanimalsortrees,campaignerswholobbytopreservelanguagesarethemselvesararebreed.Buttheyaretryingbothtomitigateandpublicizeanalarmingaccelerationintherateatwhichlanguagesarevanishing.Ofsome6,900tonguesspokenintheworldtoday,some50%to90%couldbegonebytheendofthecentury.InAfrica,atleast300languagesareinnear-termdanger,and200morehavediedrecentlyorareonthevergeofdeath.Some145languagesarethreatenedinEastandSouth-eastAsia.(4)Somelanguages,evenrobustones,faceanobviousthreatintheshapeofapoliticalpowerbentonimposingamajoritytongue.AyoungsterinanypartoftheSovietUnionsoonrealisedthatwhateveryouspokeathome,masteringRussianwasthekeytosuccess.(5)NordidEnglishreachitspresentglobalstatuswithoutruthlesstactics.Inyearspast,Americans,CanadiansandAustralianstooknativechildrenawayfromtheirfamiliestoberaisedatboardingschoolswhereEnglishrules.InalltheCelticfringesoftheBritishIslestherearebittermemoriesofchildrenbeingpunishedforspeakingthewronglanguage.(6)Butinanageofmasscommunications,thethreatstolinguisticdiversityarelessruthlessandmorespontaneous.Parentsstopusingtraditionaltongues,thinkingitwillbebetterfortheirchildrentogrowupusingadominantlanguage(suchasSwahiliinEastAfrica)oraglobalone(suchasEnglish,MandarinorSpanish).Andevenifparentstrytokeeptheoldspeechalive,theireffortscanbedoomedbyfilmsandcomputergames.(7)Theresultisagrowinglistoftonguesspokenonlybywhite-hairedelders.AbookeditedbyPeterAustin,anAustralianlinguist,givessomeexamples:Njerep,oneof31endangeredlanguagescountedinCameroon,reportedlyhasonlyfourspeakersleft,allover60.ThevalleysoftheCaucasususedtobeaparadiseforlinguistsinsearchofunusualsyntax,butUbykh,oneoftheregion'sbafflingtongues,officiallyexpiredin1992.（分數(shù)：8.00）(1).MarieSmith'ssolituderesultsfromthefactthat（分數(shù)：2.00）

A.thevanishinglanguageshespokewillneverberecorded.

B.peoplearoundhercouldnotunderstandherlanguage.

C.sheisthelastpersonhavingEyakasmother-tongue.

√

D.asanativeAlaska,shelivesfarawayfromthatplace.解析：解析：細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)MarieSmith定位到第1段。該段首句即提示讀者想象她的孤獨，第2句則解釋原因，即她是世上最后一個說Eyak的人，C項與此相符，故正確。下文提到有人對即將消亡的語言進行錄音，故可排除A項：她雖然是最后一個會說Eyak的人，但作為土生土長的Alaska人，她不可能不能與周圍的人交流，故排除B項；D項“她住在離Alaska很遠的地方”在文中并未提及，故也可排除。(2).Whatdothosewholobbytopreservelanguagesdotosaveendangeredlanguages?（分數(shù)：2.00）

A.Takemeasurestoslowdownlanguages'vanishingrate.

B.Trytomakeknownlanguages'acceleratingvanishingrate.

C.Tryalltheirouttorecordandreconstructthevanishinglanguages.

D.Slowdownlanguages'vanishingrateandmeanwhilemakeitknown.

√解析：解析：細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)wholobbytopreservelanguages定位到第3段。該段引述他們同時從兩方面改變現(xiàn)狀，即努力降低語言消亡的速度和使這一現(xiàn)象為公眾所注意，故D為正確答案。(3).Inthefourthandfifthparagraphstheauthordiscussesthat（分數(shù)：2.00）

A.masteringRussianisthekeytosuccessintheSovietUnion.

B.thevanishinglanguagesaretriggeredbypoliticalpower.

C.Englishbecomesaworldlanguageduetopoliticalpower.

D.languagesfaceanobviousthreatintheshapeofapoliticalpower.

√解析：解析：段落細節(jié)題。第4段首句提到了甚至一些充滿活力的語言也會受到政治權(quán)力傾向的影響，接下來分別以前蘇聯(lián)的俄語和英語的流行來說明政治對語言的影響，這兩段是典型的“論點+論據(jù)”結(jié)構(gòu)，故據(jù)第4段首句可知D為正確答案。(4).Inthefuture,thenumberoflanguageswill（分數(shù)：2.00）

A.stopdecreasing.

B.begintoincrease.

C.continuetodecrease.

√

D.stopincreasing.解析：解析：推理判斷題。文中第6段提到“在大眾傳播的時代，威脅語言多樣性的鐵腕因素減少了，而自發(fā)性因素卻越來越多”，由此造成的后果就是更多語言隨著老一輩的去世而消亡，故可推斷語言的選擇仍會趨向集中，語言的數(shù)量仍會減少，故C為正確答案。(1)LondonissteepedinDickensianhistory.Everyplacehevisited,everypersonhemet,wouldbedrawnintohisimaginationandreappearinanovel.TherereallyaresuchplacesasHangingSwordAlleyinWhitefriarsStreet,EC1(WhereJerryCruncherlivedinATaleofTwoCities)andBleedingHeartYardoffGrevilleStreet,EC1(WherethePlornishfamilylivedinLittleDorrit):theyarejustthesortofplacesDickenswouldhavevisitedonhisfrequentnight-timewalks.(2)HefirstcametoLondonasayoungboy,andlivedatanumberofaddressesthroughouthislife,movingashisincomeandhisissue(hehadtenchildren)increased.Ofthesehomesonlyoneremains,at48DoughtyStreet,WC1,nowtheDickensHouseMuseum,andasgoodaplaceasanytostartyourtourofDickens'sLondon.(3)TheDickensfamilylivedhereforonlytwoyears—1837-1839—butduringthisbriefperiod,CharlesDickensfirstachievedgreatfameasanovelist,finishingPickwickPapers,andworkingonOliverTwist,BarnabyRudgeandNicholasNickleby.Ifyouwantahousefullofatmosphere,youmaybealittledisappointed,foritismoreacollectionofDickensianathanarecreationofahome.Don'tletthisdeteryou,however,forthisistheplacetoseemanuscripts,firsteditions,letters,originaldrawings,aswellasfurniture,picturesandartifactsfromdifferentperiodsofhislife.Justoneroom,theDrawingRoom,hasbeenreconstructedtolookasitwouldhavedonein1839,butelsewhereinthehouseyoucanseethegrandfatherlockwhichbelongedtoMosesPickwickandgavethenametoPickwickPapers,thewritingtablefromGad'sHill,Rochester,onwhichhewrotehislastwordsoffiction,andthesideboardheboughtin1839.(4)ItwasinthebackroomonthefirstfloorthatDickens'ssister-in-lawMaryHogarthdiedwhenshewasonly17.HelovedMarydeeply,probablymorethanhiswife,hersister.Thetragedyhauntedhimforyears,andissupposedtohaveinspiredthefamousdeathsceneofLittleNellinTheOldCuriosityShop.(5)IfyouwalkthroughLincoln'sInnFields,youwillcomeacrossPortsmouthStreet,andabuildingwhich,sinceDickens'sdeath,hasclaimedtobetheOldCuriosityShopitself.Itisthoughttodatefrom1567,andistheoldestshopinLondon,butitseemsmorelikelythattherealCuriosityShopwasoffLeicesterSquare.Whateverthetruth,theshopmakesapleasantchangefromthemanymodembuildingswhichlinethestreet.(6)IfyouknowDickens'sworkwell,youmayliketomakeyourownwayaroundthisarea,oryoumayprefertorelyontheexpertsandjoinaguidedwalk.(7)"CityWalks"organizeatouraroundapartofLondonwhichfeaturesstronglybothinDickens'searlylifeandhisbooks.ThisisSouthwark,SE1,anareanotnormallyrenownedastouristattraction,butonewhichishistoricallyfascinating.WhentheDickensfamilyfirstarrivedinLondon,JohnDickens,Charles'sfather,wasworkinginWhitehall.HewasthemodelforMr.MicawberinDavidCopperfield,soitisnotsurprisingtolearnthatwithinafewmonthshewasthrownintotheMarshalseaPrison,offBoroughHighStreet,fordebt(MicawberwasimprisonedinKing'sBenchPrisonwhichstoodonthecorneroftheBoroughRoad).TheMarshalseaPrisonhaslonggone,butyoucanstandbythehighwallsandrecallthetimethatDickenswouldgointoprisonforsuppereachevening,afterahardandhumiliatingdaystickinglabelsonpotsattheBlackingWarehouseatHungerfordStairs.(8)OffBoroughHighStreetareseveralsmallalleyscalledYards.Thesemarkthesitesoftheoldcoachinginnswherepassengerswouldcatchacarttodestinationsaroundthecountry.Inone,WhiteHartYard,stoodtheWhiteHartInn,atavernthatDickensknewwellandinwhichhedecidedtointroduceoneofhisbest-lovedcharacters,SamWeller,ofPickwickPapers.Mr.Pickwick'smeetingwithSamensuredthepopularityofthenovelwhichwasthenserializedinmonthlyinstallments,andmadeDickensafamousname.（分數(shù)：6.00）(1).WhichofthefollowingisINCORRECTaboutMaryHogarth?（分數(shù)：2.00）

A.Dickenshadadeepaffectionforher.

B.HerdeathwassaidtoinspireasceneinDickens'snovel.

C.Shewasinterestingtostudentsofliterature.

D.ShewassupposedtohaveappearedtoDickensasaghost.

√解析：解析：細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)MaryHogarth定位到第4段。該段提到狄更斯深愛著Mary，故可排除A項；狄更斯其中一幕戲的靈感就是來自Mary的死，故可排除B項；因為Mary與狄更斯及他的文學(xué)作品有關(guān)，故可作為學(xué)文學(xué)的學(xué)生研究對象，故可排除C項；D項是對文中“Mary的悲劇在狄更斯心頭縈繞多年”的曲解，為正確答案。(2).Accordingtothepassage,inPortsmouthStreet,wecansee（分數(shù)：2.00）

A.aplacewhereDickensonceworked.

B.theoldestshopinLondon.

√

C.theauthenticsettingofaDickens'snovel.

D.alotofinterestingancientbuildings.解析：解析：細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)PortsmouthStreet定位到第5段。該段提到這條街上有一間自稱是theOldCuriosityShop的商店，被認為是倫敦最古老的商店，故B為正確答案。文中并沒有提到狄更斯曾在此工作，故A可排除；文中指出真正的theOldCuriosityShop更有可能在另外一個地方，故不確定這就是狄更斯作品中的地方，故可排除C項；D項與文中提到的街上有很多現(xiàn)代建筑的說法不符。(3).Themainpurposeofthepassageisto（分數(shù)：2.00）

A.identifythearchetypesofcharactersinDickens'swork.

B.discusstherelationshipbetweenLondonandDickens.

C.introducehistoricplacesinLondonrelatedwithDickens.

√

D.tellDickens'sdailylifeinLondon.解析：解析：主旨判斷題。綜觀全文，本文以狄更斯的生平及作品為主線分別介紹了在倫敦與他有關(guān)的幾處歷史古跡，故C為正確答案。本文雖然介紹了狄更斯作品中的幾個人物原型，但這并非作者的真實意圖，故可排除A項；文中以介紹倫敦的地方為主，并未談及倫敦與狄更斯的關(guān)系，故B排除；文中并未具體講述狄更斯的日常生活，故D也可排除。(1)WhenArsenal,anEnglishfootballclub,tookonReadingin2007,thecoveroftheofficialprogramfeaturedTheoWalcott,ayoungfootballplayerknownforhisspeed.AcopyisondisplaynearthetownofBhigwanintheIndianstateofMaharashtra,inafactorybelongingtoBallarpurIndustriesLimited(BILT).ItisIndia'sbiggestmakerofwritingandprintingpaper,includingtheglossystockthatArsenalsupportersbrowsebeforekick-off.(2)BILTispartoftheAvanthaGroup,acorporationheadedbyGautamThaparthatspansagribusiness,powerandmanufacturing,amongotherthings.ThegrouphasgrownatapacethatwouldshameMr.Walcott,earningrevenuesofabout$4billionin2009,comparedwith$1billionin2003.ItprovidesoneexampleofhowcorporateIndiamightevolve,asitglobalizesitsoperations,professionalizesitsmanagementandmodernizesitstechnologies,whileremainingafamilycorporation.(3)Thegroupwasfoundedinthe1920sbyKaramChandThapar,whopasseditontohisson,LalitMohan.Likemanyfamilycorporations,itsplitinitsthirdgeneration.Butitsplitamicably,leavingMr.Thaparwiththelion'sshareofthebusinesses.Othercorporatesiblingssquabbleoverthefamilyname.Mr.Thapardroppedit,rebrandingthegroup"Avantha"in2007.(4)Mr.ThaparcitesaEuropeantradition,wheretheheirstofamilybusinessesfirstgoofftotrytheirluckelsewhere,beforereturningtothefamilyfold.Byaccident,ifnotbydesign,heenjoyedasimilarupbringing.AsthesecondsonofLalitMohan'sbrother,Gautamgrewup"twiceremovedfromanypositionofinheritance."(5)Thatwasprobablyjustaswell.SudhirTrehan,whorunsCromptonGreaves,Avantha'selectricalequipment-maker,jokesthatwhenhejoinedasatraineein1972,themanagementwouldnotdrinkteaunlessitwereservedwithwhiteglovesfromasilverpot.Thatcomplacentculturecouldnotsurvivethelessshelteredeconomyofthe1990s.Mr.ThaparbecamebossofBILTaftersteeringitclearofbankruptcyinthelatterhalfofthatdecade.Thereafterhisunclelefthimfreetogetonwithit.Mr.Thaparcultivatesasimilarrelationshipwiththosewhoworkforhim,givingpromisingyoungexecutivesresponsibilityforsmallerunitsearlyon,sotheycanmaketheirmistakesbeforethestakesgettoobig."Youactuallybelieveit'syourcompany,"saysVineetChhabra,headofGlobalGreen,asubsidiarywhichexportsfoodsto50countries.(6)Oneadvantageofacorporationisthatitallowstheambitioustograduatefromonecompanytoanotherwithoutleavingthegroup.WhenMr.ChhabrabegantofeelirritatedbyGlobalGreen'ssmallscale,hewasgiventhatoption.ButinsteadhechosetoturnGlobalGreenintothebiggercompanyhewantedtorun.Withthegroup'sbacking,itacquiredIntergarden,aBelgiancompanythreetimesitssize.Thepurchaseillustratesanotheradvantageofthecorporation:itgivesunitsaccesstofinancetheycouldnotraiseontheirown.(7)Indiancompaniestypicallybuyfirmsabroadtosecurematerials,markets,ortechnologies.Avanthahasgoneinsearchofallthree.Intergarden,forexample,gaveGlobalGreenvaluablecustomerrelationships.BILTboughtaMalaysianfirmtogainaccesstoitstimber.CromptonGreaveswantedPauwels,aBelgiancompany,mainlyforitsknow-how.(8)Mr.ThaparisunusualamongIndianbusinessmeninseekinginspiration(aswellasacquisitionsandmarkets)incontinentalEurope.InbothEuropeandIndia,hepointsout,thestateremainsabigownerofenterprise,thecapitalmarketshaveyettosupersedebanksasasourceofcorporatefinance,andshareownershipisoftenconcentratedinfamilyhands.Eventhegroup'snewnameisanunlikelymixofIndianandEuropean.ItevokesboththeSanskritfor"strongfoundations"andtheFrenchfor"advance"—acombinationworthtradingthefamilynamefor.（分數(shù)：8.00）(1).Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying"ThegrouphasgrownatapacethatwouldshameMr.Wal-cott..."?（分數(shù)：2.00）

A.Thegrouphasgonebankrupt.

B.Sucheventswouldneverhappenagain.

C.Mr.Walcottdidn'tplaywellafterward.

D.Thegroupdevelopedatanunbelievablespeed.

√解析：解析：句意理解題。由第1段首句可知，TheoWalcott是一個以速度出名的足球員，第2段第2句描述Avantha集團能讓這一球員感到羞愧，而其后則以數(shù)據(jù)表明集團利潤的飛躍，故可推斷作者這么說想表達的意思是Avantha集團發(fā)展速度驚人，D正確。(2).Theword"amicably"in"Butitsplitamicably"inthethirdparagraphmeans（分數(shù)：2.00）

A.peacefully.

√

B.anxiously.

C.seriously.

D.ambitiously.解析：解析：詞義理解題。文章第3段指出，Avantha集團像其他的家族企業(yè)一樣逃不出分裂的結(jié)局。但是根據(jù)后面的描述說，Thapar得到了最大的份額，重新建立了自己的品牌，其他的兄弟姐妹則繼承了家族品牌，他們各有所得。因此可以說這種分裂“友好平靜”，而選項B“焦慮”，C“嚴肅”及D“富有野心”均不符合題意。(3).WhichisNOTseenasabenefitofacorporation?（分數(shù)：2.00）

A.Toenablethecompanytoretainambitiousstaff.

B.Tobackupthecompany'sacquisition.

C.Togiveunitsaccesstofinance.

D.Toaddlong-termvaluetocompany'sperformance.

√解析：解析：細節(jié)判斷題。由benefitofacorporation定位到第6段。本段首句闡述了集團企業(yè)的一個優(yōu)勢就是可減少有志向的員工的流失，第4句舉例說明集團能夠為下屬公司收購別的公司提供幫助；最后一句話強調(diào)這種收購體現(xiàn)集團公司容易籌集資金的優(yōu)勢，A、B、C項提到了這三點，而D項“可增強公司長期的價值，，并沒有在本段提到。(4).ThepassagecitesthefollowingexamplesEXCEPT______toshowMr.Thapar'suniquenessinrunningbusiness.（分數(shù)：2.00）

A.encouragingyoungmanagerstotakeresponsibility

B.acquiringforeignfirms

C.searchingforinspirationandmarkets

D.contributiontonationaleconomy

√解析：解析：例證題。第5段提到Thapar在公司管理方面承諾讓年輕行政人員從小單元項目開始負責(zé)；第7段第4句舉了BILT集團購買馬來西亞的一家公司的事例說明Thapar并購國外企業(yè)；第8段首句明確指出他獨特的管理理念在于對市場的敏感，A、B、C項提到了這三點，而選項D項“對國家經(jīng)濟的貢獻”沒能體現(xiàn)他的管理理念。6.SECTIONBSHORT-