Unit5Adelicateworld—2023-2024學(xué)年高二英語外研版（2019）選擇性必修第二冊(cè)期末復(fù)習(xí)敲重點(diǎn)學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)整合知識(shí)目標(biāo)能力目標(biāo)據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞提取重要信息，理清文章線索，并學(xué)會(huì)深層次分析問題，進(jìn)行語言加工，提高歸納概括、推理判斷的能力情感目標(biāo)了解保持生態(tài)平衡的重要性，每個(gè)人都要有環(huán)保理念，保護(hù)環(huán)境，保護(hù)大自然思維導(dǎo)圖回顧知識(shí)重難知識(shí)易混易錯(cuò)it作形式主語1．概念it作為形式主語，代替句子的邏輯主語，并無實(shí)際詞義。這可以保持句子的結(jié)構(gòu)平衡，避免主語太長，顯得頭重腳輕。2．用法it作為形式主語主要分為幾種情況：(1)Itis/was＋形容詞＋(forsb.)＋動(dòng)詞不定式強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作特征的形容詞(如easy，difficult，hard，important，possible，wise等)常用于此句型。為了強(qiáng)調(diào)不定式動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，常在不定式前加forsb.。Itisnecessaryforustomastersomebasiclivingskills.我們有必要掌握一些基本的生活技能。(2)Itis/was＋形容詞＋(ofsb.)＋動(dòng)詞不定式表示心理品質(zhì)或性格特征的形容詞常用于此類句型，如kind，nice，stupid，clever，foolish，polite，impolite，silly，selfish，considerate等，動(dòng)作的邏輯主語和這些形容詞可以構(gòu)成主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，因此這樣的句式也可轉(zhuǎn)化為“sb.＋be＋形容詞＋動(dòng)詞不定式”。Itisfoolishofyoutotrustapersonlikehim.→Youarefoolishtotrustapersonlikehim.你相信像他這樣的人是愚蠢的。(3)Itis/was＋名詞(短語)＋動(dòng)詞不定式Itisourdutytohelptheweakandthepoor.扶弱濟(jì)貧是我們的責(zé)任。(4)Itis/was＋名詞/形容詞＋動(dòng)詞-ing形式常用的名詞和形容詞：nogood，nouse，awasteoftime，useless。Itisnousearguingaboutthematterwithhim.和他爭論這件事是沒有用的。(5)Itis/was＋形容詞＋主語從句Itisuncertainwhethertheprojectwillbecompletedthisfall.這個(gè)項(xiàng)目能否在今年秋天完成還不確定。(6)Itis/was＋名詞(短語)＋主語從句常用的名詞：afact，apity，ashame，asurprise等。Itisnosurprisethathehasbeenacceptedbythecompany.他被這家公司錄用了，這并不奇怪。(7)Itis/was＋過去分詞＋主語從句用于此類句型的過去分詞有said，reported，thought，announced，believed，suggested，decided，hoped等。Itisbelievedthattheboywillsoonrecoverfromtheoperation.人們相信這個(gè)男孩手術(shù)后不久就會(huì)康復(fù)。(8)It＋seems/appears/happens＋主語從句ItappearsthatpeoplearemoredependentontheInternet.人們似乎更依賴互聯(lián)網(wǎng)了。(9)It＋及物動(dòng)詞＋賓語＋動(dòng)詞不定式Ittooktheworkersthreeyearstocompletetheproject.工人們花了三年時(shí)間完成這項(xiàng)工程。3．形式主語it與強(qiáng)調(diào)句中it的差別(1)形式主語it it是句子的形式主語，真正的主語是句尾that引導(dǎo)的主語從句，去除句中的it和that則句子失去完整性。(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)句中it 強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)為“Itis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分＋that＋句子其余成分”，結(jié)構(gòu)詞itis/was和that都無實(shí)際意義，刪掉itis/was及that后句子仍然意義完整。ItisstrangethatheshouldsayIamunfair.(it作形式主語)真奇怪，他竟然說我不公平。Itwasintheparkthattheyfellinlovewitheachotheratthefirstsight.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句中it)他們是在這個(gè)公園里一見鐘情的練習(xí)：1.Novisitorwouldthinkitsurprising______theislandisaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.2.Expertsfeltitnecessary______(come)upwithaplantoremovealltherabbitsfromtheisland.3.Thisincidentmadeitclear______therat,mouseandrabbitproblemneededsolvingonceandforall.4.Wefeel_____ourdutytomakecountryabetterplace.5.Thetwogirlsaresoalikethatstrangersfinditdifficult______(tell)onefromthe-other.答案：1.that2.tocome3.that4.it5.totell核心素養(yǎng)對(duì)接高考一、AnimalsOutofPaper

Yolo!ProductionsandtheGreatGriffonpresenttheplaybyRajivJoseph,inwhichanorigami(折紙術(shù))artistinvitesateenagetalentandhisteacherintoherstudio.MerriMilwedirects.Inpreviews.OpensFeb.12.(WestParkPresbyterianChurch,165W.86thSt.212-868-4444.)TheAudience

HelenMirrenstarsintheplaybyPeterMorgan,aboutQueenElizabethⅡoftheUKandherprivatemeetingswithtwelvePrimeMinistersinthecourseofsixtyyears.StephenDaldrydirects.AlsostarringDylanBakerandJudithIvey.PreviewsbeginFeb.14.(Schoenfeld,236W.45thSt.212-239-6200.)Hamilton

Lin-ManuelMirandawrotethismusicalaboutAlexanderHamilton,inwhichthebirthofAmericaispresentedasanimmigrantstory.ThomasKaildirects.Inpreviews.OpensFeb.17.(Public,425LafayetteSt.212-967-7555.)OntheTwentiethCentury

KristinChenowethandPeterGallagherstarinthemusicalcomedybyBettyComdenandAdolphGreen,aboutaBroadwayproducerwhotriestowinamoviestar'sloveduringacross-countrytrainjourney.ScottEllisdirects,forRoundaboutTheatreCompany.PreviewsbeginFeb.12.(AmericanAirlinesTheatre,227W.42ndSt.212-719-1300.)1.WhatistheplaybyRajivJosephprobablyabout?A.Atypeofart. B.Ateenager'sstudio.C.Agreatteacher. D.Agroupofanimals.2.WhoisthedirectorofTheAudience?A.HelenMirren. B.PeterMorgan. C.DylanBaker. D.StephenDaldry.3.WhichplaywillyougotoifyouareinterestedinAmericanhistory?A.AnimalsOutofPaper. B.TheAudience.C.Hamilton. D.OntheTwentiethCentury.二、Helpingtheenvironmentandprotectingourresourcesareveryimportantactivities.①______Thereareseveralwaysthatyoucanhelpprotectthisplanetwecallhome.Usereusablebags.Plasticbagsthatgetthrownoutendupinlandfillsorinotherpartsoftheenvironment.②______Also,ittakesdecadesforthebagstodecompose(分解).There-fore,whetheryouareshoppingforfood,clothesorbooks,useareusablebag.Thiscutsdownonlitterandpreventsanimalsfromgettingholdofthem.③______Insteadofbuyingindividuallypackageddrinks,considerbuyingareusablewaterbottle.Notonlywillthishelpprotecttheenvironment,butitwillalsohelpyousavemoney.Alotofcoffeeshops,Starbucks,forexample,evenofferadiscounttocustomerswhouseareusablecontainerfortheirdrinks.Saveelectricity.Useenergy-efficientlightbulbs(燈泡)insteadofregularbulbs.④______What’smore,makesureyouturnofflights,theTV,andotherdeviceswhenyouarenotusingthem.Turnoffyourairconditioningorheatwhenit’snotnecessary.Thisisespeciallytrueastheseasonschange.Openyourwindowsintheearlyfallorputonmoreclothesintheearlywinter.Savewater.Morewateriswastedthanwerealize.Turnoffthewatertapwhenyouarebrushingyourteeth.Don’tturnyourshoweronuntilyou’rereadytogetinandwashyourhair.Limityourwaterusageasyouwashdishes.⑤______A.Usereusabledrinkcontainers.B.Usetheairconditioninglessoften.C.Andstudentswithoutdoubtcanmakeadifference.D.Theylastlonger,whichwillsaveyouabitofmoney.E.Everyoneshouldtakemeasurestofightagainstthewaterpollution.F.Thesecankillanimalswhogetstuckinthemormistakethemforfood.G.Developingthesehabitswillbegoodforboththeenvironmentandyourwallet.三、Ifyou'reafanofpenguins,youmightenjoy①__________(participate)inanewresearchprojecttohelpscientistsmeasurechangesofpenguinpopulations.

Theproject②__________(name)PenguinWatchandthemembersarecountingpenguinsinonline③__________(photo)takenacrossMacquarieIsland,sothatscientistscouldmonitorthespeciesintheirnaturalhabitat.Uptonow,nearly40,000volunteershavejoinedintheproject.

"PenguinWatchispeople-poweredresearch

④__________peoplecanhelpandeveryclick⑤__________(matter)inhelpingustounderstandpenguins,"TomHart,whois

⑥__________expertfromtheUniversityofOxfordandamemberofthePenguinWatchteam,toldTheTelegraph.

Thedata⑦_(dá)_________(collect)byvolunteerswillalsoassistscientistsinmeasuringchangesinnotonlypenguins'behaviorandhabitat,

⑧__________thelargerecosystem."Finally,thishugedatasetallowsusto⑨__________(effective)traincomputerstotakeoverfromhumansandhelpsuspassonthetoolsdevelopedforpenguinstothespecies

⑩__________threat,"saidHart.答案及解析：一、1.答案：A解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一部分中的"inwhichanorigamiartistinvitesateenagetalentandhisteacherintoherstudio"可知,它與一種藝術(shù)有關(guān)。2.答案：D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章TheAudience部分中的"StephenDaldrydirects"可知,TheAudience的導(dǎo)演是StephenDaldry,故D項(xiàng)正確。3.答案：C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Hamiltion部分中的"inwhichthebirthofAmericaispresentedasanimmigrantstory"可知,該戲劇是和美國的誕生有關(guān)的,所以,如果你對(duì)美國歷史感興趣,就應(yīng)該去看這出戲劇。二、答案：CFADG解析：①根據(jù)上文“Helpingtheenvironmentandprotectingourresourcesareveryimportantactivities.”可知此處應(yīng)該是講誰來保護(hù)環(huán)境和資源,因此C項(xiàng)“毫無疑問,學(xué)生可以發(fā)揮作用”符合語境,并且下文提出了一些保護(hù)環(huán)境和資源的方法,故選C。②根據(jù)下文“Also,ittakesdecadesforthebagstodecompose.Therefore,whetheryouareshoppingforfood,clothesorbooks,useareusablebag.Thiscutsdownonlitterandpreventsanimalsfromgettingholdofthem.”可推斷此處也在說使用塑料袋的壞處,F項(xiàng)“這些東西會(huì)殺死被卡在里面的或誤把它們當(dāng)作食物的動(dòng)物”符合題意,F中的These指代上文的Plasticbags,故選F。③設(shè)空處為主題句。根據(jù)下文“Insteadofbuyingindividuallypackageddrinks,considerbuyingareusablewaterbottle.Notonlywillthishelpprotecttheenvironment,butitwillalsohelpyousavemoney.”可知本段主要是建議使用可重復(fù)使用的水瓶,A項(xiàng)“使用可重復(fù)使用的飲料容器”符合語境,故選A。④根據(jù)上文“Useenergy-efficientlightbulbsinsteadofregularbulbs.”可推斷此處講使用節(jié)能燈泡的好處,D項(xiàng)“它們的使用時(shí)間更長,會(huì)為你節(jié)省一筆錢”承接上文,并且D中的They指代上文的energy-efficientlightbulbs,故選D。⑤設(shè)空處為段尾句。根據(jù)上文“Morewateris