十六Unit4Period4Ⅰ.閱讀理解Everydayweexperienceoneofthewondersoftheworldarounduswithoutevenrealizingit.Itisnottheamazingcomplexityoftelevision,northeimpressivetechnologyoftransport.Theuniversalwonderweshareandexperienceisourabilitytomakenoiseswithourmouths,andsotransmitideasandthoughtstoeachother’sminds.Thisabilitycomessonaturallythatwetendtoforgetwhatamiracleitis.Obviously,theabilitytotalkissomethingthatmarkshumansofffromanimals.Ofcourse,someanimalshavepowersjustasamazing.Birdscanflythousandsofmilesbyobservingpositionsofthestarsintheskyinrelationtothetimeofdayandyear.InNature’stalentshow,humansareaspeciesofanimalthathasdevelopedtheirownspecialact.Ifwereduceittobasicterms,it’sanabilityforcommunicatinginformationtoothersbyvaryingsoundswemakeaswebreatheout.Notthatwedon’thaveotherpowersofcommunication.Ourfacialexpressionsconveyouremotions,suchasanger,orjoy,ordisappointment.Thewayweholdourheadscanindicatetootherswhetherwearehappyorsad.Thisisso-called“bodylanguage”.Bristling(直立的)furisanunmistakablewarningofattackamongmanyanimals.Similarly,thebowedheadordroopingtailshowsareadinesstotakesecondplaceinanyanimalgathering.Suchameansofcommunicationisabasicmechanismthatanimals,includinghumanbeings,instinctivelyacquireanddisplay.Istheabilitytospeakjustanothersortofinstinct?Ifso,howdidhumanbeingsacquirethisamazingskill?Biologistscanreadilyindicatethatparticularareaofourbrainwherespeechmechanismsfunction,butthisdoesn’ttellushowthatpartofourbodiesoriginatedinourbiologicalhistory.【語(yǔ)篇概述】本文講述了人類(lèi)使用語(yǔ)言的能力,人類(lèi)與其他動(dòng)物共有的“身勢(shì)語(yǔ)”以及動(dòng)物如何使用“身勢(shì)語(yǔ)”。1.Accordingtothepassage,thewonderwetakeforgrantedis_______.

A.ourabilitytouselanguageB.themiracleoftechnologyC.theamazingpowerofnatureD.ourabilitytomakenoiseswithmouths【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的敘述可知,我們每天都在用語(yǔ)言交流我們的思想感情,這是一個(gè)奇跡,但是因其自然流露,我們完全忽視了它的功能與作用,想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為就是這個(gè)樣子。D項(xiàng)有一定干擾性,但敘述不完全。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthesecondparagraphreferto?A.Nature’stalentshow.B.Aspeciesofanimal.C.Aspecialactofhumans.D.Informationcommunicatedtoothers.【解析】選C。代詞指代題。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處“it”是就近指代上一句中的“theirownspecialact”,即“人類(lèi)所形成的自己的獨(dú)特的行為”。句意:如果我們用最簡(jiǎn)單的詞語(yǔ)來(lái)概括它的話(huà),那它是一種通過(guò)變化我們呼氣時(shí)所發(fā)出的聲音來(lái)向別人交流信息的能力。3.Whatfeatureof“bodylanguage”mentionedinthepassageiscommontobothhumansandanimals?A.Liftingheadswhensad.B.Keepinglongfaceswhenangry.C.Bristlinghairwhenreadytoattack.D.Bowingheadswhenwillingtoobey.【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Similarly,thebowedheadordroopingtailshowsareadinesstotakesecondplaceinanyanimalgathering.”可知,俯首是人和動(dòng)物表示服從時(shí)的共同之處。4.Thispassageismainlyabout_______.

A.thedevelopmentofbodylanguageB.thespecialrolehumansplayinnatureC.thepowertoconveyinformationtoothersD.thedifferencebetweenhumansandanimalsislanguageuse【解析】選C。主旨大意題。通讀全文可知,本文講述了人類(lèi)使用語(yǔ)言的能力、人類(lèi)與其他動(dòng)物共有的“身勢(shì)語(yǔ)”以及動(dòng)物如何使用“身勢(shì)語(yǔ)”?？傊?本文講述了人與動(dòng)物傳達(dá)信息的能力。Ⅱ.閱讀填句(2021·桂林高二檢測(cè))WanttoBeHappyatWork?CareLessAboutItAfriendrecentlytoldmethatshewasreadytoquitherjob,explainingtomethattherewerebigchangesatherworkplaceandnowayshecouldperformallhertasksontime.1

Formanyofusintroverts(內(nèi)向的人),ourprofessionaleffortsandresultsareareflectionofourselvesandourdedicationtoouremployer.Becausewearen’tthesocialbutterfliesoftheoffice,wefeelaneedtoprovetooursuperiorsthatwearesmart,hard-working,anddependable.Forpeoplelikemeandmyclose-to-quittingfriend,theconceptofgivinganythinglessthanourbestdoesn’tcrossourmind.2Wearedisappointedandfrustratedwhenwecan’talwaysachievethosestandards.

It’sgreattomakeadifferenceatwork,butyouhavetotakecareofyourselffirst.Puttinginslightlylesseffortintimesofhighstressdoesn’tmeanyoudon’tcareaboutyourjob.3Considerthissaying:Theperfectistheenemyofthegood.Whenyoureducethepressureonyourselftoattainperfection,youcanflowmorequicklyandeasilythroughyourtasks.4

Hereismyadviceforyouwhenyoufindyourselfinthemidstofpanic.First,askyourself:what’stheworstthatwillhappenifImissadeadlinebyoneday?5Writedownthespecifictasksthatarecausingthefeelingsofstress.Talkitoutwithafriendorfamilymember.Youmightdiscoverthatthesituationisn’tashorribleasyouthought.Byapproachingyourtasksoneatatimeyoucanmakerealprogress.

A.Wesethighstandardsforourselves.B.Itmeansyoucareaboutyourselfmore.C.Thepressureonyourselfshould’tbeignored.D.Youmightachievemorewhenyoucareless.E.Asherfriendwho’dbeeninasimilarsituation,Iwantedtohelp.F.Next,slowdownandanalyzewhat,precisely,isstressingyouout.G.Freedomfromtheweightofperfectioncanbecreativelyliberating.【語(yǔ)篇概述】作者勸解要辭職的朋友,工作中要想快樂(lè),就要少一些擔(dān)心,不考慮太多,不要太過(guò)追求工作中的完美。1.【解析】選E。文章首段敘述作者的一個(gè)朋友準(zhǔn)備辭職和辭職的原因,故E項(xiàng)(作為她以前有過(guò)類(lèi)似處境的朋友,我想幫幫她。)符合語(yǔ)境。2.【解析】選A。下文寫(xiě)到“當(dāng)我們不能總是達(dá)到那些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí),我們感到失望和沮喪”。A項(xiàng)(我們?yōu)樽约涸O(shè)定了很高的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。)符合行文邏輯。3.【解析】選B。上句表示“在壓力很大的時(shí)候,減少一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)努力并不意味著你不關(guān)心你的工作”,故B項(xiàng)(這意味著你更關(guān)心自己。)符合語(yǔ)境。4.【解析】選G。根據(jù)上文中的信息詞perfect以及perfection可知,G項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。5.【解析】選F。上文介紹了作者的第一條建議,故F項(xiàng)(下一步,放慢速度,分析一下是什么使你非常緊張。)符合行文邏輯。Ⅲ.完形填空ThishappenedwhenIwasten.OnanormalSunday,IwenttothebarbershopwhereIalwayswent.Thatday,alongwiththebarbertherewasanassistant,whohadrecently1theshop.

SoIsatforthehaircut.Theuncleaskedmehow2Iwantedit.Ianswered,“Justdoasmydadhad3youthelasttime.”

Hesmiled.Beforestartingthe4,headded,“WhatifIkeepitlong?”

I5hewasjoking.SoIjokedtoo.Isaid,“Ican’t6whatwouldhappentoyourshopthen!”

ThemomentIsaidit,theassistant7frombehind.“Howdaredoyousaythat!Whoareyoutotakeusdown,eh?”

IadmitIwastoo8atthatmomentandtheunclestandingbesidemewasgivingmean9look.

Fromthatdayon,I10stoppedjokingaboutanyone’sprofessionandworks.Itisoneofthemost11incidentsinmylife,whichtaughtmeto12theprofessionandworksofaperson,nomatterhow13theyare.

I’m14thattheassistantrespondedinawaythatmademerethinkthepowerofmywords.Wordsdomakea15.

【語(yǔ)篇概述】本文記敘作者10歲時(shí)的一次理發(fā)經(jīng)歷,從此認(rèn)識(shí)到言語(yǔ)的力量,不能隨意拿別人的職業(yè)來(lái)開(kāi)玩笑。1.A.leftB.openedC.joinedD.visited【解析】選C。由下文可知,理發(fā)師的助手跟我不熟悉,應(yīng)該是最近到店工作的。joined加入。left離開(kāi);opened開(kāi)門(mén),開(kāi)張;visited拜訪(fǎng),故選C。2.A.much B.long C.often D.soon【解析】選B。根據(jù)第三段理發(fā)師伯伯跟我開(kāi)玩笑說(shuō)“WhatifIkeepitlong?”可知,他這里應(yīng)該是問(wèn)我想把頭發(fā)剪到多長(zhǎng)。howlong多長(zhǎng);howmuch多少;howoften多頻繁;howsoon多快。3.A.instructed B.invitedC.promised D.convinced【解析】選A。句意:按照我爸爸上次吩咐你的那樣理。instruct指示,命令;invite邀請(qǐng);promise承諾;convince說(shuō)服,使確信。4.A.discussion B.journeyC.training D.haircut【解析】選D。由本文內(nèi)容可知,本文講的是理發(fā)的事。句意:在他開(kāi)始理發(fā)之前。discussion討論;journey路程;training訓(xùn)練,均不符合語(yǔ)境。5.A.agreed B.heardC.hoped D.knew【解析】選D。這里強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“我知道伯伯在開(kāi)玩笑”,所以接下來(lái)才以一個(gè)玩笑來(lái)回應(yīng)。heard聽(tīng)到;hoped希望;agreed同意。6.A.forget B.tolerateC.guarantee D.understand【解析】選C。句意:我可不能保證那時(shí)你的理發(fā)店會(huì)發(fā)生什么事情!forget忘記;tolerate忍受;understand理解。7.A.urged B.shoutedC.laughed D.helped【解析】選B。句意:我說(shuō)出口的那一刻,理發(fā)師助理就從后面大聲說(shuō)道,“你怎么敢這么說(shuō)!你是誰(shuí)能夠打倒我們?”urged催促;laughed笑;helped幫助。跟我并不熟悉的店員覺(jué)得我這樣說(shuō)是太大膽了,不夠尊重人,所以就沖我大聲說(shuō)出了那句話(huà)。8.A.angry B.proudC.scared D.curious【解析】選C。根據(jù)下一段中的...stoppedjokingaboutanyone’sprofessionandworks可知,當(dāng)時(shí)只有10歲的作者看到理發(fā)師助理如此反應(yīng)而感到害怕(scared)。9.A.anxious B.appealingC.encouraging D.awkward【解析】選D。從接下來(lái)的一段話(huà)可知,因?yàn)槲覂窗桶偷臉幼?理發(fā)師伯伯感覺(jué)有些尷尬(awkward)。anxious焦慮;appealing有吸引力的,懇求的;encouraging鼓勵(lì)的。結(jié)合上文選項(xiàng)解釋,awkward才符合文意。10.A.suddenly B.completelyC.temporarily D.regularly【解析】選B。句意:從那天起我就完全不再拿其他人的職業(yè)和作品來(lái)開(kāi)玩笑了。suddenly突然地;temporarily暫時(shí)地;regularly經(jīng)常。只有completely才能表達(dá)作者的確吸取教訓(xùn),“完全”停止開(kāi)玩笑的意思。11.A.important B.excitingC.strange D.interesting【解析】選A。根據(jù)后面定語(yǔ)從句中的taught可知,這件事情讓我認(rèn)識(shí)到要尊重他人,因此是“重要的”。12.A.learn B.enterC.change D.respect【解析】選D。句意:這件事教會(huì)我要尊重別人的職業(yè)和作品,不管他們(的身份)多么卑微。learn學(xué)習(xí);enter進(jìn)入;change改變。13.A.hard B.smallC.good D.complex【解析】選B。small細(xì)小,地位低下。hard困難的,努力的;good好的;complex復(fù)雜的。結(jié)合上文選項(xiàng)解釋,small符合邏輯。14.A.sorry B.confidentC.grateful D.embarrassed【解析】選C。句意:我感激那位助理回應(yīng)的方式,這讓我重新思考話(huà)語(yǔ)的力量。sorry遺憾,傷心的;confident自信的;embarrassed尷尬的。15.A.difference B.mistakeC.choice D.joke【解析】選A。makeadifference指“有作用或影響”,為固定搭配。“話(huà)語(yǔ)確實(shí)可以產(chǎn)生很大影響”,這是我的體會(huì)。makeamistake犯錯(cuò)誤;makeachoice做出選擇;makeajoke開(kāi)玩笑。Ⅳ.語(yǔ)法填空(2021·張家口高二檢測(cè))“Cultureshock”isthename1.___________(give)bypeopletothefeelingofdiscomfortandconfusion2.usuallyoccurswhensomeonegoesintoanewanddifferentculture.Unfamiliarsocialcustoms,values,weather,changesindietcanallcontribute3.physicalandemotionaldiscomfort.4.(accept)thisasanormalprocesshelpstoeasethefeeling.Toovercomethefeeling,weencourageyou5.___________(speak)withfellowstudentsorteachersaboutanychallengesyoumaybeexperiencingas6.___________resultofcultureshock.Forexample,Americanculturevaluestimeasaresource,placinggreatemphasisonpunctuality(準(zhǔn)時(shí)).Theyspendtimealmostasifit7.___________(be)money,soitisimportanttoarriveontime.Additionally,manyinternationalstudentsare8.___________(surprise)attheAmericanlearningstyle.USprofessorsexpectstudentstoaskquestionsandvoicetheir9.___________(opinion).And,donothesitatetovisityourprofessorduringhisorherofficehoursifyouarenotclearaboutamaterial.10.___________youspeakup,professorswillassumethatyouunderstand.

【語(yǔ)篇概述】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了什么是文化沖突以及解決文化沖突的辦法。1.【解析】given?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。由后文的by可知,此處用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),故填given。2.【解析】which/that?？疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。此處thefeelingofdiscomfortandconfusion是先行詞,在后面的定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ),故填which/that。3.【解析】to?？疾楣潭ǘ陶Z(yǔ)。contributeto意為“導(dǎo)致”。故填to。4.【解析】Accepting?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處作主語(yǔ)需用動(dòng)名詞。5.【解析】tospeak?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。encouragesb.todosth.意為“鼓勵(lì)某人做某事”。故填tospeak。6.【解析】a?？疾楣谠~。此處是固定短語(yǔ)asaresultof,意為“由于”。7.【解析】were。考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。此處asif后用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,故填were。8.【解析】surprised?？疾樾稳菰~。此處besurprisedat意為“對(duì)……感到驚訝”。故填surprised。9.【解析】opinions?？疾槊~。根據(jù)空前的their可知,這里應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填opinions。10.【解析】Unless?？疾檫B詞。根據(jù)句意可知這里表示“除非你說(shuō)出來(lái),否則教授會(huì)認(rèn)為你明白了”。閱讀理解Teenagersarereportedhigherlevelsofstressthanadults,andrefertoschoolasthehighestcontributingfactor,accordingtotheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation’sannualreport.Inresponse,recentlysomeschoolshaveturnedtomindfulness-basedprogramsasawaytorelievestressamongtheirstudents.InastudyledbytheUniversityofWashington,researchersexploredart-basedmindfulnessactivitiesthatschoolscouldusetoreduceheadaches,acommonsideeffectofstressinadolescentgirls.Afterthreeweeksoftwice-weeklymindfulnessandarttherapy(療法)sessions,thegirlswerereportedexperiencingsignificantlyfewerheadaches.Theteamselectedeightgirlsbetweentheagesof14to17fromahighschoolinSeattle.Alloftheparticipantswerereportedexperiencingthreeormoreheadachesnotrelatedtoaninjurywithinatwo-weekperiod,andfiveoftheeightmentionedtensionorstressasthemainreasonforheadaches.Duringtheprogram,thestudentsmettwiceaweekfora50-minutesessionwiththeresearchteam.Eachsessionbeganwithanactivityinwhichstudentswouldmapwheretheywerefeelingstressedonadrawingofabody.Thentheteenswouldparticipateinmindfulnessandartactivitiesbeforeclosingthesessionwithanotherbodymap.Whiletheteensexperiencedfewerheadachesafterthestudy,theiroverallstresslevelsdidn’tchangemuch.Buttheywerereportedfeelingbetter,sayingthattheyfeltliketheycouldhandlewhateverhappenedfortherestoftheday.“It’snotjustaboutthisstudy,”Bj?rlingsaid.“ThisproblemofteenmentalhealthandheadachesissobigthatI’mworriedaboutwhathappensifwedon’ttakeiton.Teenswillwantnothingtodowithartmindfulness.Soweneedtocomeatthisinlotsofdifferentways.We’regoingtoneedagroupofpeopleandavarietyofoptions.”【語(yǔ)篇概述】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要向讀者介紹了藝術(shù)療法可以緩解青少年的壓力這一研究成果。1.Whatdidthestudentsneedtodoatthebeginningofeachsessionduringtheprogram?A.Drawamapofastressedbody.B.