房山區(qū)2022.2023學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期診斷性評價(jià)

高二英語

第一部分：知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題；每小題L5分,共15分）

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在

答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

Atabout11p.m.,Janetgotoffthetrain,wentintohercarandstarteddrivinghome.Shewassofamiliarwiththe

routethatshealmost1automatically:turnedlefttotheStationRoad,thenanotherleftontoMontaukHighway,

andthen——bang!WhenJanet'scarhadjustcrossedtherailroadtracks,ithitanothervehicleandwas2back

ontothetracks.Injuredbutmostlyshockedbythecrashandbytheairbagsthatpoppedup,shewas3inthe

vehicle.

Asithappened,Andrewwasjustabouttogotosleepwhenheheardasharpnoiseandsawtheaccidentnotfar

outsidehisbedroomwindow.Asaretired4Andrew,whowas69,fetchedaflashlightandrushedout

without5

Arrivingatthespot,Andrewlookedaroundand6Janet'scarstraddlingtherailwaytracks.Andthenhe

heardthebellring,whichsignaledatrain'sarrival.

Thetrainwasrunningtowardthemataspeedofsome105kilometersperhour.Thedriver's7cannotbe

openedduetothecollision,soAndrewquicklyrantotheothersideandmanagedtoopenthedoor.Heputthe

airbags8seizedherarms,pulledhertowardhimacrossthepassengerseatuntilfinallygotheroutandwalked

herto9assoonaspossible.Severalsecondslater,thetraincrashedintothevehicle.

“Lastnight,saidGregory,ChiefoftheDepartmentinSouthCountryAmbulance,t6the10arrivedin

pajamas（睡衣褲），notinafiretruck.”

1.A.droveB.walkedC.rodeD.hiked

2.A.broughtB.wentC.pushedD.moved

3.A.engagedB.stuckC.absorbedD.spotted

4.A.doctorB.driverC.firefighterD.engineer

5.A.patienceB.doubtC.exceptionD.hesitation

6.A.predictedB.realizedC.observedD.discovered

7.A.windowB.doorC.beltD.handle

8.A.asideB.downC.onD.up

9.A.safetyB.securityC.stationD.shelter

10.A.reporterB.policeC.heroD.soldier

【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.C5.D6.D7.B8.A9.A10.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了珍妮特的車在穿越火車鐵軌時(shí)與另一輛車相撞，造成她的車被甩回

了鐵軌上并且她也被卡在車?yán)铮＜睍r(shí)刻69歲的退休消防員安德魯勇敢地解救她的故事。

【1題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她對這條路線非常熟悉以至于她可以自動駕駛：向左到達(dá)車站路然后左轉(zhuǎn)上蒙

托克公路，然后一一“砰”的一聲。A.drove駕駛；B.walked走路：C.rode騎；D.hiked遠(yuǎn)足。根據(jù)前文“At

about11p.m.,Janetgotoffthetrain,wentintohercarandstarteddrivinghome.可知，珍妮特下了火車準(zhǔn)備開

車回家，由于她對道路很熟悉幾乎可以達(dá)到自動駕駛的程度，此處drove為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選A項(xiàng)。

【2題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)珍妮特的車剛穿過鐵軌時(shí)，它撞上了另一輛車并且又被推回到鐵軌上。A.brought

帶來；B.went去；C.pushed推；D.moved移動。根據(jù)后文“Arrivingatthespot,Andrewlookedaround

and___6___Janet'scarstraddlingtherailwaytracks."可知，安德魯在到達(dá)事發(fā)地點(diǎn)時(shí)看見珍妮特的汽車橫跨

在鐵軌上，推斷出事故發(fā)生時(shí)珍妮特的車又被推到了鐵軌上,pushback意為“推回”，符合題意。故選C項(xiàng)。

【3題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她受傷了但是被撞車和彈起的安全氣囊沖擊后，她被卡在了車?yán)?A.engaged從

事；B.stuck卡??；C.absorbed吸收；D.spotted看見。根據(jù)前文“Injuredbutmostlyshockedbythecrashand

bytheairbagsthatpoppedupw可知，珍妮特受傷了而且被撞車和打開的安全氣囊沖擊，推斷出她被卡在車?yán)?/p>

出不去。故選B項(xiàng)。

【4題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個退休的消防員，69歲的安德魯找出了手電筒然后毫不猶豫地沖了出去。

A.doctor醫(yī)生；B.driver司機(jī)；C.firefighter消防員；D.engineer工程師。根據(jù)后文“the10____arrivedin

pajamas（睡衣褲），notinaAretruck.”可知，安德魯是穿著睡衣救人的而不是坐著消防車，推斷出他在退休

之前是一名消防員。故選C項(xiàng).

【5題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個退休消防員，69歲的安德魯找出了手電筒然后毫不猶豫地沖了出去。

A.patience耐心;B.doubt懷疑；C.exception例外;D.hesitation猶豫。根據(jù)前文“rushedout"和后文"arrived

inpajamas”可知，安德魯在看見事故后是穿著睡衣沖出去的，推斷出他是毫不猶豫去現(xiàn)場救人的。故選D

項(xiàng)。

【6題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：到達(dá)了事發(fā)現(xiàn)場地點(diǎn)，安德魯環(huán)顧四周發(fā)現(xiàn)珍妮特的車正橫跨在鐵軌上。A.

predicted預(yù)測；B.realized意識到］；C.observed遵守；D.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)前文“l(fā)ookedaround”可知，

安德魯環(huán)顧四周，車子橫跨在鐵軌上應(yīng)該是他發(fā)現(xiàn)的事實(shí)。故選D項(xiàng)。

【7題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：司機(jī)的門由于碰撞不能打開，所以安德魯快速的跑到了另一邊設(shè)法打開了門。

A.window窗戶；B.door門；C.belt腰帶；D.handle把手。根據(jù)后文"soAndrewquicklyrantotheotherside

andmanagedtoopenthedoor"可知，安德魯快速跑向另一邊并設(shè)法打開門，推斷出駕駛室的門打不開了。

故選B項(xiàng)。

【8題詳解】

考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他把安全氣囊放到了一邊，抓住她的胳膊，把她拉到副駕駛座位上，直到最后

把她拉到了盡可能安全的地方。A.aside在旁邊；B.down向下；C.on在上面；D.up向上。根據(jù)前文“theairbags

thatpoppedup"可知，安全氣囊打開了，根據(jù)常識可知安德魯要救出珍妮特需要先把安全氣囊放到一邊，

putaside意為“放到一邊”,符合題意。故選A項(xiàng)。

【9題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他把安全氣囊放到了一邊，抓住她的胳膊，把她拉到副駕駛座位上，直到最后

把她拉到了盡可能安全的地方。A.safety安全場所;B.security保護(hù)措施；C.station車站;D.shelter住所。

根據(jù)前文“Thetrainwasrunningtowardthemataspeedofsome105kilometersperhour."可知，火車馬上就要

開過來了，推斷出安德魯把珍妮特從車?yán)锞瘸鰜砗鬄榱硕惚芑疖嚨淖矒舭阉偷搅税踩牡胤?。故選A項(xiàng)。

【10題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：英雄是穿著睡衣來的，而不是坐著消防車。A.Reporter記者；B.police警察；C.

hero英雄；D.soldier士兵。根據(jù)前文**Heputtheairbags8,seizedherarms,pulledhertowardhimacross

thepassengerseatuntilfinallygotheroutandwalkedherto9assoonaspossible.“可知，安德魯救出了車

禍中的珍妮特，所以推斷出他是一名英雄。故選C項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)

A

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白

處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。

StephenCurrywasthoughtbymanypeopletobeunsuitableforacareerinprofessionalbasketball.

However.11(select)fortheNBAin2009,hejoinedtheGoldenStateWarriorsand

Derfbrmed12everyone'sexpectationswithhisaccurateshootingandcontinuousefforts.In2015,

Stephen13(win)hisfirstNBAchampionship,andheledtheWarriorstotheirfirstchampionshipsince

1975.

【答案】11.selected

12.beyond13.won

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。本文介紹了斯蒂芬?庫里被許多人認(rèn)為不適合從事職業(yè)籃球生涯。然而，他用精

準(zhǔn)的投籃和不斷的努力超出了所有人的預(yù)期。

【11題詳解】

考查非謂語動詞。句意:然而，2009年入選NBA,他加盟了金州勇士隊(duì)，憑借精準(zhǔn)的投籃和不斷的努力，

他的表現(xiàn)超出了所有人的預(yù)期。非謂語動詞select的邏輯主語是Stephen,兩者之間是動賓關(guān)系，所以要用

過去分詞表被動，作狀語。故填selected。

【12題詳解】

考查介詞。句意：然而，2009年入選NBA,他加盟了金州勇士隊(duì)，憑借精準(zhǔn)的投籃和不斷的努力，他的表

現(xiàn)超出了所有人的預(yù)期。however表示轉(zhuǎn)折，別人認(rèn)為他不適合打職業(yè)籃球，他超出所有人預(yù)期，介詞超出

是beyond,故填beyond。

【13題詳解】

考查動詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：2015年，斯蒂芬贏得了他的第一個NBA總冠軍，他帶領(lǐng)勇士隊(duì)獲得了自1975年以

來的第一個總冠軍。主語Stephen后缺少謂語，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語in2015,可知，謂語動詞用一般過去時(shí)。故

填wono

B

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白

處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。

PeopleinParislovetheviewofthecity'sold14(building),especiallyNotreDameCathedralinParis

(巴黎圣母院).15thetopofthe850-year-oldchurchandtwo-thirdsoftheroofweredestroyedbyafireon

April16.Parisiansweresoshockedandgatheredaroundthegiantchurch.16(pray)forthehundredsof

firefighterswhofoughttheflames.

【答案】14.buildings

15.But16.praying

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了巴黎圣母院發(fā)生火災(zāi)的故事。

【14題詳解】

考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：巴黎人喜歡這座城市的老建筑，尤其是巴黎圣母院。此處是名詞所有格，即“名詞

+of+名詞”，表示“……的……”，所以此處應(yīng)用名詞，且不止一個建筑，用可數(shù)名詞building的復(fù)數(shù)形式表

泛指。故填buildings。

【15題詳解】

考查連詞。句意：但這座有850年歷史的教堂頂部和三分之二的屋頂在4月16日被大火摧毀。與上文形成

轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用并列連詞but,首字母大寫。故填But。

16題詳解】

考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：巴黎人非常震驚，聚集在這座巨大的教堂周圍，為數(shù)百名救火隊(duì)員祈禱?？涨凹河?/p>

謂語，該空與空前謂語無連詞連接，動詞pray用非謂語形式，邏輯主語Parisians與動詞pray是主謂關(guān)系，

pray用現(xiàn)在分詞(doing)表主動,作狀語。故填praying。

C

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白

處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。

ThefirstlandmarktocatchmyeyeisthesplendidQingshuiheBridge,the17(long)bridgebuiltover

permafrostintheworld.AgroupofTibetanantelopesismovingunderthebridge,someof18stODtoeat

grassattheirleisure.Thirty-threepassageshavebeenbuiltundertherailway19(allow)theanimalstomove

safelyandfreelyintheirnaturalhabitat.WildanimalssuchastheseTibetanantelopeshavenowbeenusingthese

passagesforyears.Theyseemtotallyunaware20wearespeedingpastatover100kilometresanhour.

【答案】17.longest

18.which19.toallow

20.that

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文屬于記敘文。描述了在清水河大橋飛馳而過時(shí)看到的情景。

【17題詳解】

考查形容詞最高級。句意：首先映入我眼簾的是壯觀的清水河大橋，這是世界上最長的建在永久凍土上的

橋。根據(jù)冠詞“the”及名詞“bridge”可知，此處需要形容詞最高級作定語修飾名詞。故填longest。

【18題詳解】

考查定語從句。句意：一群藏羚羊正在橋下活動，一些停下來悠閑地吃草。分析題干可知，此處是介詞+關(guān)

系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句，先行詞是“Tibetanantelopes”，指物，關(guān)系代詞用which,作介詞“of”的賓語。

故填which<.

【19題詳解】

考查動詞不定式。句意：鐵路下面已經(jīng)修了33條通道，讓動物們在自然棲息地安全自由地活動。句中已有

謂語動詞"havebeenbuilt"，所以此處需要非謂語動詞形式，分析句意可知，此處是作目的狀語，故用動詞

不定式。故填toallowo

【20題詳解】

考查賓語從句。句意：它們似乎完全沒有意識到我們正在以每小時(shí)100多公里的速度飛馳而過。根據(jù)“They

seemtotallyunaware”可知空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，從句句意完整，不缺成分，故用無任何意義，只起連接作用

的that引導(dǎo)。故填that。

第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分38分）

第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該

項(xiàng)涂黑。

A

Wouldyouliketomakecontributionstoyourcommunity?

MembersofLoveZonearecreativeandresponsible,makingthemperfectlyreadytohelphandlevarious

problemsthroughvolunteering.

Ifyouwanttomakeadifferenceinyourcommunity,orbeapartofsomethingbiggerthanyourself,thenthisis

theplacetostart.HereareafeworganizationsofLoveZonewithvolunteeropportunitiesforteens!

HabitatforHumanity

Everyonedeservestohaveaplacetheycallhome.ByvolunteeringwithHabitatforHumanity,youcanplaya

roleinbuildingupyourcommunity.TheirHabitatYouthProgramsacceptvolunteersbetweentheagesof5and40.

MealsonWheels

Forthoseteenswhojustgottheirlicenses,here'savolunteeropportunitythatwillmakedrivingworthwhile.200

millionmealshavebeendeliveredsofar.Youcanconnectwithyourlocalprovidertogetinvolved.MealsonWheels

isonamissiontomeetthenutritionalandsocialneedsoftheelderly.

KeyClub

Astheoldestserviceprogramforhighschoolstudents,theKeyClubhasquiteahistoryofhelpingteensget

involvedinvolunteering.Becauseclubsarestudent-led,yougetadirectsayinthekindsofserviceprojectsyouwant

todo.Chancesare,there'salreadyachapterinyourschool,butifnot,youcantrytakingtheleadinone.

BestBuddies

VolunteerwithBestBuddiestohelppeoplewithintellectualanddevelopmentaldisabilitiesandyoucanmake

themconnectedwithotherpeople.Joinaschoolchapter（orstartyourown）tousefriendshipasatooltoimprovethe

senseofbelonginginyourcommunity.

Anddon'tworry.Evenifyoucan'tvolunteerphysically,therearealsotonsofonlinevolunteeropportunities

available!Ifyouwanttofindoutmoreaboutjoiningaworthwhilevolunteerorganization,pleaseclickatwww.Love

Z.

21.WhatisrequiredforjoiningMealsonWheels?

A.Adriver'slicense.B.Anurse'slicense.

C.Ateachercertificate.D.Anarchitectcertificate.

22.Tohelppeoplewithdevelopmentaldisabilities,youcanjoin.

A.HabitatforHumanityB.MealsonWheels

C.KeyClubD.BestBuddies

23.Theauthorwritesthispassageto.

A.getmorepeopletocontributetosociety

B.teachteenstobecreativeandresponsible

C.raisepublicawarenessofcommunityaffairs

D.instructteensinwaystoearnvolunteerhours

【答案】21.A22.D23.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文為應(yīng)用文。作者通過介紹LoveZone組織和它提供的幾個志愿者活動項(xiàng)目，號召更多的年輕人

去做志愿者。

［21題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由MealsonWheels中的MForthoseteenswhojustgottheirlicenses,here'savolunteeropportunity

thatwillmakedrivingworthwhile.200millionmealshavebeendeliveredsofar.（對于那些岡l］岡l］拿至駕照的青少年

來說，這里有一個志愿者的機(jī)會，這將使駕駛變得值得。到目前為止，已經(jīng)提供了2億份餐食）”和“Meals

onWheelsisonamissiontomeetthenutritionalandsocialneedsoftheelderly.（MealsonWheels旨在滿足老年人

的營養(yǎng)和社會需求）”可知，有駕照的青少年可以加入志愿者M(jìn)ealsonWheels給老人送飯。故選A項(xiàng)。

【22題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由BestBuddies中的“VolunteerwithBestBuddiestohelppeoplewithintellectualanddevelopmental

disabilitiesandyoucanmakethemconnectedwithotherpeople.（與BestBuddies一起做志愿者，幫助有智力和

發(fā)育障礙的人，你可以讓他們與其他人取得聯(lián)系）”可知，為了幫助有發(fā)育障礙的人，你可以加入BestBuddies。

故選D項(xiàng)。

【23題詳解】

推理判斷題。通讀全文，作者介紹了LoveZone組織和它的志愿者活動，最后一段中的“Evenifyoucan*

volunteerphysically,therearealsotonsofonlinevolunteeropportunitiesavailable!Ifyouwanttofindoutmore

aboutjoiningaworthwhilevolunteerorganization,pleaseclickatwww.LoveZ.（即使你不能親自做志愿

者，也有很多在線志愿者的機(jī)會！如果你想了解更多關(guān)于加入一個有價(jià)值的志愿者組織的信息，請點(diǎn)擊

www.LoveZ）”可知，作者寫這篇文章是為了號召更多的人去做志愿者。故選A項(xiàng)。

Eug?nioMono（ft）

Bornin1928,EugenioMonti,wasthebestyoungItalianskierofhisgeneration.HebecameknownastheFlying

Redheadandwonseveralnationaltitles,butin1951anaccidentcalledanendtohisskiingcareer.Itwasthenthathe

switchedtobobsleigh.In1954hewonhisfirstItalianchampionshipandstartedtodominatethesportinItalyandbe

aforceinternationallyformorethanadecade.However,Montiismorewidelyrememberedasthefirstathletetobe

awardedthePierredeCoubertinMedalforsportsmanshipdisplayedduringthe1964WinterOlympicGames.

Atthe1964GamesinInnsbruck,Austria,MontiandhispartnerSergioSiorpaeswerethedefendingworld

champions,whichmadethemfavouritesinthetwo-manevent.MontiwasdesperatetoaddOlympicgoldstohis

medalcollectionbecausehewas36yearsoldthenandhadalreadysufferedseriousproblemswithhisknees,arguably

runningoutoftimetoachievehisOlympicdreams.ButtheywereinheatedcompetitionwiththeBritishteamof

AnthonyNashandRobinDixon.

Aftertworunsonthefirstday,theBritishledthefield.Ondaytwo,however,afaultyaxle（車軸）onthesled

wouldhavebeensuretoleadtotheirwithdrawal,ifitweren'tforMontiofferingtolendthemtheboll（螺栓）fromhis

sled.TheBritishpairwentontorecordthefastesttimeonthatfinalrunandwongoldbyjust0.12seconds,while

MontiandSiorpaesclaimedthebronze.

Fourdayslaterinthefour-manevent,Monti'sselflessnesstowardshisfellowcompetitorsshonethroughfora

secondtimewhentherearaxleontheCanadianteam'ssledwasdamaged.MontisenttheItalianteam'smechanicsto

repairit,withtheconsequencethattheCanadianteamwongold,withMontihavingtosettleforanotherbronze.

MontiwasrecognisedwiththePierredeCoubertinMedalforsportsmanshipafterthe1964WinterGames.And

fouryearslater,attheageof40,atthe1968GamesinGrenoble,Montifinallyfulfilledhisdreamofbeingan

Olympicchampion.

24.WhatcanbelearnedaboutEugenioMontifromthepassage?

A.Hecompletelyfailedinachievingmedalsatthe1964WinterGames.

B.Hehadachievednationalandinternationalgoldsinskiingbefore1951.

C.HehelpedAnthonyNashandRobinDixontwiceinInnsbruck,Austria.

D.HewasawardedthefirstPierredeCoubertinMedalforsportsmanship.

25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fiavourties“inParagraph2mean?

A.Sportsmenwhohaveastrongfanbase.

B.Competitorswhoareexpectedtowin.

C.Athleteswhoreceivebettertreatments.

D.Playerswhoarelikedbetterbypeople.

26.WhatcanbestdescribeEugenioMontiaccordingtothepassage?

A.Generousandselfless.

B.Curiousandadaptable.

C.Responsibleandcourageous.

D.Perseveringandhardworking.

27.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.EugenioMonti一theFlyingRedhead

B.EugenioMonti—AnOlympicLegend

C.EugenioMonti—ARealBobsleighChampion

D.EugenioMonti—AnAthletewithSportsmanship

【答案】24.D25.B26.A27.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。文章講述了出生于1928年的意大利最優(yōu)秀的年輕滑雪者尤金尼奧?蒙蒂以及在1964

年冬季奧運(yùn)會上因表現(xiàn)出的體育精神而被授予皮埃爾?德?顧拜旦獎?wù)碌氖论E。

【24題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"However,MontiismorewidelyrememberedasthefirstathletetobeawardedthePierre

deCoubertinMedalforsportsmanshipdisplayedduringthe1964WinterOlympicGames.（然而，人們更廣泛地記

得，蒙蒂是第一位在1964年冬季奧運(yùn)會上因表現(xiàn)出的體育精神而被授予皮埃爾穗3頤拜旦獎?wù)碌倪\(yùn)動員。）”

可知，他被授予第一個顧拜旦體育精神獎?wù)?。故選D。

【25題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段"Atthe1964GamesinInnsbruck,Austria,MontiandhispartnerSergioSiorpaeswere

thedefendingworldchampions,whichmadethemfavouritesinthetwo-manevent.（在1964年奧地利因斯布魯克

奧運(yùn)會上，蒙蒂和他的搭檔塞爾吉奧?西奧帕斯是衛(wèi)冕世界冠軍，這使他們成為兩人項(xiàng)目的favourites）”可知，

因?yàn)樗麄兪切l(wèi)冕世界冠軍，所以成為兩人項(xiàng)目最有希望獲勝的，由此可知，劃線單詞“favourites”與B項(xiàng)

“預(yù)計(jì)將獲勝的競爭對手”意思一樣。故選B。

【26題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Ondaytwo,however,afaultyaxle（車軸）onthesledwouldhavebeensuretoleadto

theirwithdrawal,ifitweren'tfbrMontiofferingtolendthemthebolt（螺栓）fromhissled.（然而，第二天，如果

不是蒙蒂愿意把雪橇上的螺栓借給他們，雪橇上的軸有故障肯定會導(dǎo)致他們撤退。）”說明蒙蒂很慷慨；以

及第四段“Fourdayslaterinthefour-manevent,Monti'sselflessnesstowardshisfellowcompetitorsshone

throughfbrasecondtimewhentherearaxleontheCanadianteam'ssledwasdamaged.（四天后,在四人滑雪比賽

中，當(dāng)加拿大隊(duì)雪橇的后軸受損時(shí)，蒙蒂對其他對手的無私再次顯現(xiàn)出來。蒙蒂派意大利隊(duì)的機(jī)械師去修

理，結(jié)果加拿大隊(duì)贏得了金牌，蒙蒂只得再拿一枚銅牌。）”可知，蒙蒂非常的無私。故選A。

【27題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“However,MontiismorewidelyrememberedasthefirstathletetobeawardedthePierre

deCoubertinMedalforsportsmanshipdisplayedduringthe1964WinterOlympicGames.（然而，人們更廣泛地記

得，蒙蒂是第一位在1964年冬季奧運(yùn)會上因表現(xiàn)出的體育精神而被授予皮埃爾德唯貝拜旦獎?wù)碌倪\(yùn)動員。）”

以及最后一段uMontiwasrecognisedwiththePierredeCoubertinMedalforsportsmanshipafterthe1964Winter

Games.Andfouryearslater,attheageof40,atthe1968GamesinGrenoble,Montifinallyfulfilledhisdreamof

beinganOlympicchampion41964年冬季奧運(yùn)會后，蒙蒂被授予顧拜旦體育精神獎?wù)?。四年后，?968年格

勒諾布爾奧運(yùn)會上，40歲的蒙蒂終于實(shí)現(xiàn)了他成為奧運(yùn)冠軍的夢想。）”可知，尤金尼奧?蒙蒂雖然因?yàn)?

次幫助雪橇出故障的對手而錯失奧運(yùn)金牌，但是展現(xiàn)了體育精神，是真正的雪橇冠軍。故"EugenioMonti-

真正的雪橇冠軍”適合做標(biāo)題。故選C。

C

AsIreadaboutSarahLoh'sjourneytobecomingthefirstfemalechiefexecutiveoftheAustralianFootball

League（AFL）lastweek,Iwasencouragedbytheresilience（堅(jiān)韌）sheshowedtobecomealeaderinhersport,but

alsodisappointedattheunfairtreatmentshefacedtogetthere.

Lohhadtodealwithmanyofthesamequestionswomeninsportsoftenface,suchas:"Howcanawomancoach

orleadwhenshehasneverplayedsports?^^ButasanAsianwoman,Lohalsofacedquestionswithanaddedlayerof

racism:"Whatwouldamulticulturalwomanknowaboutfbotball?^^

ArecentVictoriaUniversitysurveyof221diversewomenmadeupofcurrentandformercoaches,managers

andboardmembersfoundthathalfoftherespondentswereunhappywiththeirleadershiprolesandthatmany

aspiringleadersbelievedtheirgenderandbackgroundwerebarriers.

Womenfromdifferentbackgrounds,races,religions,classesandsexualorientationscansometimesexperience

multiplelayersofinjusticedependingonthecontext.Inordertoaddresstheseinequalities,therearepracticalsteps

sportingorganizationscantaketocreatewelcomingandinclusiveenvironmentsforwomeninsportsateverylevel.

Inrecentyears,nationalsportingorganizationsacrossAustraliahaveshownanincreasingcommitmenttoand

engagementinthepromotionofgenderequalityandrespecttopreventviolenceagainstallwomen.Recognizingtheir

ownprofileandinfluence,theyhavetakenactivestepstoaddressthedriversofviolenceandinequality,including

througheducationandawareness-raisingprogramssuchasCarltonRespects.

Sportshaveaninfluencewaybeyondthefield,courtorgreenonwhichthey'replayed,andtheyprovidean

opportunitytosetandmaintainpositivecommunitystandards.

Whileresilienceisagreatstrengthtopossessasaleader,womenofcolor,AboriginalandTorresStraitIslander

womenorthosefromrefugeeandmigrantbackgroundsshouldn'tberequiredtowearsuchathicksetofarmor（防

御）tosimplyworkinsports.Surelyrespect,equalityandsafetyforallisnottoomuchtoaskfor.

28.WhatcanwelearnaboutSarahLohfromthetext?

AShefacedunfairtreatmentasaplayerintheAFL.

B.SheisthefirstChinesechiefexecutiveintheAFL.

C.HersportsachievementsmadeheraleaderintheAFL.

D.Herroadtosuccesswashardduetohergenderandrace.

29.Whichmeasurehasbeentakentosolvetheproblemofgenderinequality?

A.Strengtheningfemalesresiliencebytraining.

B.Establishingmorefemalesportingorganizations.

C.Raisingpublicawarenessofviolenceagainstwomen.

D.Offeringmoreopportunitiesforwomentotakesports.

30.Theauthorwritesthispassageto.

A.recognizethevalueoffemaleleaders

B.callforequalityandrespectforfemales

C.encouragemorefemalestotakesports

D.presentthedifficultiesfemaleleadersface

【答案】28.A29.C30.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章以澳大利亞足球聯(lián)盟第一位女性首席執(zhí)行官SarahLoh遭遇的不公平對待為

例，就該如何消除對女性的性別歧視，尊重她們，提了一些已經(jīng)實(shí)施的和可以實(shí)施的措施。

[28題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“AsIreadaboutSarahLoh'sjourneytobecomingthefirstfemalechiefexecutiveofthe

AustralianFootballLeague（AFL）lastweek,Iwasencouragedbytheresilience（堅(jiān)韌）sheshowedtobecomea

leaderinhersport,butalsodisappointedattheunfairtreatmentshefacedtogetthere.（上周,當(dāng)我讀至！JSarahLoh

成為澳大利亞足球聯(lián)盟第一位女性首席執(zhí)行官的歷程時(shí)，我因她成為這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者表現(xiàn)出的堅(jiān)韌而感

到備受鼓舞，但同時(shí)也對她在這里所面臨的不公平待遇感到失望）”可知，SarahLoh遭受了不公平的對待。

故選A項(xiàng)。

【29題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段最后——句uRecognizingtheirownprofileandinfluence,theyhavetakenactivestepsto

addressthedriversofviolenceandinequality,includingthrougheducationandawareness-raisingprogramssuchas

CarltonRespects.（認(rèn)識到自己的形象和影響力，這些組織已采取積極措施，解決暴力和不平等的驅(qū)動因素，

包括通過教育和提高認(rèn)識項(xiàng)目，如CarltonRespects）”可知，為了解決性別不平等的問題和暴力問題，這些

機(jī)構(gòu)通過一些教育和提高認(rèn)識項(xiàng)目提升公眾對婦女暴力這一問題的意識。故選C項(xiàng)。

【30題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句uSurelyrespect,equalityandsafetyforallisnottoomuchtoaskfor.

對所有人的尊重，平等和安全要求并不過分）”可推知，本文以女性領(lǐng)袖SarahLoh遭受的不公平的對待為

例，旨在呼吁關(guān)注包含女性在內(nèi)的所有人的尊重，平等和安全。故選B項(xiàng)。

D

Coralsarecomebackcreatures.Astheworldfrozeandmeltedandsealevelsroseandfellover30,000years,

Australia'sGreatBarrierReef,whichisroughlythesizeofItaly,diedandrevivedfivetimes.Butnow,duetohuman

activities,coralsfacethemostcomplexconditiontheyhaveyethadtodealwith.

AccordingtotheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimatechange,ariseinglobaltemperaturesof1.5℃couldcause

coralreefstodecline70-90%.Theplanetisabout1℃hotterthaninthe19thcenturyanditsseasarebecoming

warmer,stormierandmoreacidic（酸性的）.Thisisalreadyaffectingrelationsbetweencoralsandthesingle-celled

algae（海藻）,whichgivethemtheircolor.Whenwatersbecomeunusuallywarm,algaefloataway,leavingreefsa

ghostlywhite.This“bleaching“ishappeningfivetimesasoftenasitdidinthe1970s.Meanwhilethechanging

chemistryoftheoceansmakesitharderforcoralstoformtheirstructures.

Ifcoralsgo,diversandmarinebiologistsarenottheonlypeoplewhowillmissthem.Reefslakeuponlya

percentoftheseafloor,butsupportaquarteroftheplanefsfishdiversity.Thefishthatreefsshelterareespecially

valuabletotheirpooresthumanneighbors,manyofwhomdependonthemasasourceofprotein.Roughlyaneighth

oftheworld'spopulationliveswithin100kmofareef.Coralsalsoprotect150,000kmofshorelineinmorethan100

countriesandterritoriesfromtheoceansbuffeting（肆虐）,aswellasgeneratingbillionsofdollarsintourismrevenue.

Coralsystemsmustadaptiftheyaretosurvive.Theyneedprotectionfromlocalsourcesofharm.Their

eco-systemssufferfromwastefromfarms,buildingsitesandblastfishing.Governmentsneedtoimposetighterrules

ontheseindustrials,suchastougherlocalbuildingcodes,andtoputmoreeffortintoenforcingrulesagainst

overfishing.

Settingupmarineprotectedareascouldalsohelpreefs.Localswhofearfortheirlivelihoodscouldbegiven

workasrangerswiththejoboflookingafterthereserves.Visitorstomarineparkscanberequiredtopayaspecialtax,

likewhathasbeendoneintheCaribbean.

Manyreefsthathavebeendamagedcouldbenefitfromrestoration.CoraPsbiodiversityoffershope,becausethe

samecoralwillgrowdifferentlyunderdifferentconditions.CoralsofthewesternPacific,forexample,canwithstand

highertemperaturesthanthesamespeciesintheeasternPacific,whichprovesawayforwardtoencouragecoralsto

growinnewspots.

31.Accordingtothepassage,whatmayhappentocoralreefswhenwatersbecomewarm?

A.Floatingaway.B.Changingforms.

C.Turningwhite.D.Becomingacidic.

32.AccordingtoParagraph4,thegovernmentsshould.

A.banpeoplefromfishinginthecoralreefareas

B.reducethenumberofvisitorstothemarineparks

C.callonvolunteerstolookafterthemarinereserves

D.carryoutstricterrulesonindustriesaroundthecoast

33.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrectaccordingtothepassage?

A.Coralshaveexperienceddeathandrevivalforfivetimes.

B.Reefsplayanimportantpartinprotectingthefishdiversity.

C.Coralsystemssufferfromagriculture,tourismandfishing.

D.Thegrowthofcoralhasnothingtodowiththecondition.

34.What'sth