考研外語專家預(yù)測過關(guān)卷3

一、UseofEnglish

1、The(1)ofthefluorescenttube(2)amajor

revolutioninthedevelopmentofbetterandcheaper1ighting.

FirstshownattheNewYorkandSanFranciscoWorld(3)

in1939,thismoreefficient,morediffuse,longer-livedlamp

hasbeen(4)improved,sothatslowlyit(5)the

supremacyoftheincandescenthouseholdglobe.Thefluorescent

tube(6)Australianhomes,shopsandfactoriestodayis

sevenoreighttimes(7)thetubesthatbrought

shadow-freelightingtomanyofBritain，swartimefactories.

Its(8)too,ismuchgreater—from2,000hoursin1940to

mc/rethan7,500hourstoday.

But(9)its(10)useformorethan30years,the

fluorescenttuberemainsa

(11)tomanyofitsusers.Itisbuilt(12)a

completelydifferent(13)fromtheincandescentlight.In

theincandescentbulb,atungstenwire(14)thanahuman

hair,isbroughttowhite-hottemperaturebypassingan

electric(15)throughit.Inthefluorescenttubeastream

ofelectronsbombardsagascontainingmercury,(16)

invisibleultravioletradiation.Theultravioletrayshitthe

fluorescentcoatingthat(17)thetube,(18)itto

grow.A40wattfluorescenttubegivestwiceasmuch1ightas

a100.watttungstenglobe,(19)_____aboutfivetimesaslong,

andrunscoolenoughto(20)_____higherlevelsoflight.

A.discovery

B.invention

C.convention

D.creation

2、⑵

A.broughtin

B.broughtfor

C.broughtabout

D.broughtaround

3、(3)

A.Markets

B.Affairs

C.Centers

D.Fairs

4、⑷

A.constantly

B.consistently

C.permanently

D.instantly

5、(5)

A.changes

B.gains

C.challenges

D.lunges

6、(6)

A.lighting

B.lighted

C.lit

D.lightening

7、(7)

A.moreefficientas

B.soefficientthan

C.soefficientas

D.asefficientas

8、(8)

A.lifeline

B.lifework

C.lifespan

3

D.lifeguard

9、(9)

A.despite

B.besides

C.except

D.owingto

10、(10)

A.long

B.extensive

C.exquisite

D.extreme

IK(11)

A.myth

B.legend

C.secret

D.mystery

12、(12)

A.on

B.by

C.with

D.from

13、(13)

A.basis

B.principle

C.idea

D.thesis

14、(14)

A.nicer

B.thinner

C.finer

D.better

15、(15)

A.current

B.stream

C.flow

D.flight

16、(16)

A.leadingto

B.resultingfrom

C.resultingin

D.bringingin

17、(17)

A.lines

B.darkens

5

C.protects

D.brightens

18、(18)

A.making

B.makes

C.causes

D.causing

19、(19)

A.survives

B.remains

C.lasts

D.continues

20、(20)

A.allow

B.permit

C.reject

D.absorb

二、ReadingComprehension

1、PartA

Directions:Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestions

beloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.(40points)

Thewordconservationhasathrifty(節(jié)儉)meaning.Toconserve

istosaveandprotect,toleavewhatweourselvesenjoyinsuch

goodconditionthatothersmayalsosharetheenjoyment.Our

forefathershadnoideathehumanpopulationwouldincrease

fasterthanthesuppliesofrawmaterials;mostofthem,even

untilveryrecently,hadthefoolishideathatthetreasures

were"limitless"and"inexhaustible”.Mostofthecitizensof

earliergenerationsknewlittleornothingaboutthe

complicatedanddelicatesystemthatrunsallthroughnature,

andwhichmeansthat,asinalivingbody,anunhealthy

conditionofonepartwillsoonerorlaterbeharmfultoall

theothers.

Fiftyyearsagonaturestudywasnotpartoftheschoolwork;

scientificforestrywasanewidea;timberwasstillcheap

becauseitcouldbeboughtinanyquantityfromdistant

woodlands;soildestructionandriverfloodswerenotnational

problemsandnobodyhadyetstudiedlong-termclimaticcycles

inrelationtoproperlanduse;eventheword“conservation”

hadnothingofthemeaningthatithasforustoday.

Forthesakeofourselvesandthosewhowillcomeafterus,we

mustnowsetaboutrepairingthemistakesofourforefathers.

Conservation，should,therefore,bemadeapartofeveryone，s

dailylife.Toknowaboutthewatertableinthegroundisjust

asimportanttousasaknowledgeofthebasicarithmetic

formulas.Weneedtoknowwhyallwatershedsneedtheprotection

ofplantlifeandwhytherunningcurrentofstreamsandrivers

mustbemadetoyieldtheirfullbenefittothesoilbeforethey

finallyescapetothesea.Weneedtobetaughtthedutyof

plantingtreesaswellasofcuttingthem.Weneedtoknowthe

importanceofbig,maturetrees,becauselivingspaceformost

ofman，sfellowcreaturesonthisplanetisfigurednotonly

insquaremeasureofsurfacebutalsoincubicvolumeabovethe

earth.Inbrief,itshouldbeourgoaltorestoreasmuchof

theoriginalbeautyofnatureaswecan.

Theauthor,sattitudetowardsthecurrentsituationinthe

exploitationofnaturalresourcesis

A.positive

B.neutral

C.suspicious

D.critical

2、

Accordingtotheauthor,thegreatestmistakeofour

forefatherswasthat

A.theyhadnoideaaboutscientificforestry

B.theyhadlittleornosenseofenvironmentalprotection

C.theywerenotawareofthesignificanceofnaturestudy

D.theyhadnoideaofhowtomakegooduseofrawmaterials

3、

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatearliergenerations

didn，trealize

A.theinterdependenceofwater,soilsandlivingthings

B.theimportanceoftheproperlanduse

C.theharmfulnessofsoildestructionandriverfloods

D.theextraordinaryrapidgrowthofpopulation

4、

Withaviewtocorrectingthemistakesofourforefathers,the

authorsuggeststhat

A.weplantmoretrees

B.webetaughtenvironmentalscience,aswellasthescience

ofplants

C.environmentaleducationbedirectedtowardeveryone

D.wereturntonature

5、

Whatdoestheauthorimplybysaying"livingspace..,is

figured..,alsoincubicvolumeabovetheearth”(inpara

3)?

A.Ourlivingspaceontheearthisgettingsmallerandsmaller

B.Ourlivingspaceshouldbemeasuredincubicvolume

C.Weneedtotakesomemeasurestoprotectspace

D.Wemustcreatebetterlivingconditionsforbothbirdsand

animals

6、Trafficstatisticspaintagloomypicture.Tohelpsolve

theirtrafficwoes,somerapidlygrowingU.S.citieshave

simplybuiltmoreroads.Buttrafficexpertssaybuildingmore

roadsisaquirk-fixsolutionthatwillnotalleviatethe

trafficprobleminthelongrun.Soaringlandcosts,increasing

concernoversocialandenvironmentaldisruptionscausedby

road-building,andthelikelihoodthatmoreroadscanonlylead

tomorecarsandtrafficarepowerfulfactorsbearingdoyou

a1950s-style.constructionprogram.

Thegoalofsmart-highwaytechnologyistomaketrafficsystems

workatoptimumefficiencyby,treatingtheroadandthe

vehiclestravelingonthemasanintegraltransportationsystem.

Proponentsofthisadvancedtechnologysayelectronic

detectionsystems,closed-circuittelevision,radio

communication,rampmetering,variablemessagesigning,and

othersmart-highwaytechnologycannowbeusedatareasonable

costtoimprovecommunicationbetweendriversandthepeople

whomonitortraffic.

Pathfinder,aSantaMonica,California-basedsmart-highway

projectinwhicha14-milestretchoftheSantaMonicaFreeway,

makingupwhatiscalleda"smartcorridor”,isbeing

instrumentedwithburiedloopsinthepavement.Closed-circuit

televisioncamerassurveytheflowoftraffic,while

communicationslinkedtoproperlyequippedautomobilesadvise

motoristsoftheleastcongestedroutesordetours.

Notalltrafficexperts,1however,looktosmart-highway

technologyastheultimatesolutiontotrafficgridlock.Some

saythehigh-techapproachislimitedandcanonlyoffer

temporarysolutionstoaseriousproblem.

''Electronicsonthehighwayaddressesjustoneaspectofthe

problem:howtoregulatetrafficmoreefficiently,explains

MichaelRenner,seniorresearcherattheWorldwatchInstitute.

“Itdoesn，tdealwiththecentralproblemoftoomanycarsfor

roadsthatcan'tbebuiltfastenough.Itsendspeoplethewrong

message.Theystartthinking.Yes,thereusedtobeatraffic

congestionproblem,butthat*sbeensolvednowbecausewehave

anadvancedhigh-techsysteminplace.Larsonagreesandadds,

Smarthighwaysisjustoneofthetoolsthatwewillusetodeal

withourtrafficproblems.It'snotthesolutionitself,just

partofthepackage.Therearedifferentstrategies.z，

Othertrafficproblem-solvingoptionsbeingstudiedand

experimentedwithincludecarpooling,rapidmass-transit

systems,staggeredorflexibleworkhours,androadpricing,

asystemwherebymotoristspayacertainamountforthetime

theyuseahighway.

Itseemsthatweneedanew,majorthrusttodealwiththe

trafficproblemsofthenext20years.Therehastobeabig

change.

Whatistheappropriatetitleforthepassage?

A.SmartHighwayProjects一TheUltimateSolutiontoTraffic

Congestion

B.AQuickFixSolutionfortheTrafficProblems

C.AVenturetoRemedyTrafficWoes

D.HighwaysGetSmart一PartofthePackagetoRelieveTraffic

Gridlock

7、

Thecompoundword“quick-fix“inParagraph1,Sentence3is

theclosestinmeaningto

A.anoptimalsolution

B.anexpedientsolution

C.areadysolution

D.anefficientsolution

8、

Accordingtothepassage,thesmarthighwaytechnologyis

aimedto

A.deploysophisticatedfacilitiesontheinterstatehighways

B.providepassengervehicleswithavarietyofservices

C.optimizethehighwaycapabilities

D.improvecommunicationbetweendriverandthetraffic

monitors

9、

AccordingtoLarson,toredressthetrafficproblem

A.carpoolingmustbestudied

B.rapidmass-transitsystemsmustbeintroduced

C.flexibleworkhours,mustbeexperimented

D.overallstrategiesmustbecoordinated

10、

Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthe

wholepassage?

A.Twocontrastingviewsofaproblemarepresented

B.Aproblemisexaminedandcomplementarysolutionsare

proposedoroffered

C.Latestdevelopmentsareoutlinedinorderofimportance

D.Aninnovationisexplainedwithitsimportanceemphasized

11、Thecaseforcollegehasbeenacceptedwithoutquestion

formorethanageneration.Allhighschoolgraduatesoughtto

go,saysconventionalwisdomandstatisticalevidence,because

collegewillhelpthemearnmoremoney,become"better"people,

andlearntobemoreresponsiblecitizensthanthosewhodon，t

go.

Butcollegehasneverbeenabletoworkitsmagicforeveryone.

Andnowthatclosetohalfourhighschoolgraduatesare

attending,thosewhodon，tfitthepatternarebecomingmore

numerous,andmoreobvious.Collegegraduatesaresellingshoes

anddrivingtaxis;collegestudentsinterferewitheachother's

experimentsandwritefalselettersofrecommendationinthe

intensecompetitionforadmissiontograduateschool.Others

findnostimulationintheirstudies,anddropout一often

encouragedbycollegeadministrators.

Someobserverssaythefaultiswiththeyoungpeople

themselves—theyarespoiledandtheyareexpectingtoomuch.

Butthat,sac6ndemnationofthestudentsasawhole,and

doesn，texplainallcampusunhappiness.Othersblamethestate

oftheworld,andtheyarepartlyright.We'vebeen,toldthat

youngpeoplehavetogotocollegebecauseoureconomycan't

absorbanarmyofuntrainedeighteen-year-oldseither.

Someadventuresomeeducatorsandcampuswatchershaveopenly

beguntosuggestthatcollegemaynotbethebest,theproper,

theonlyplaceforeveryyoungpersonafterthecompletionof

highschool.Wemayhavebeenlookingatallthosesurveysand

statisticsupsidedown,itseems,andthroughtherosyglowof

ourownrememberedcollegeexperiences.Perhapscollege

doesn，tmakepeopleintelligent,ambitious,happy,liberal,or

quicktolearnthings一maybeit'sjusttheotherwayaround',

andintelligent,ambitious,happy,1iberal,quick-learning

peoplearemerelytheoneswhohavebeenattractedtocollege

inthefirstplace.Andperhapsallthosesuccessfulcollege

graduateswouldhavebeensuccessfulwhethertheyhadgoneto

collegeornot.Thisisheresytothoseofuswhohavebeen

broughtuptobelievethatifalittleschoolingisgood,more

hastobemuchbetter.Butcontraryevidenceisbeginningto

mountup.

Whatdoestheauthorbelieveaccordingtothepassage?

A.Peopleusedtoquestionthevalueofcollegeeducation

B.Peopleusedtohavefullconfidenceinhighereducation

C.Allhighschoolgraduateswenttocollege

D.Veryfewhighschoolgraduateschosetogotocollege

12、

Inthesecondparagraph,“thosewhodon'tfitthepattern”

refersto

A.highschoolgraduateswhoaren，tsuitableforcollege

education

B.collegegraduateswhoaresellingshoesanddrivingtaxis

C.collegestudentswhoaren，tanybetterfortheirhigher

education

D.highschoolgraduateswhofailedtobeadmittedtocollege

13、

Whydoesthedrop-outrateofcollegestudentsseemtogo

up?______

A.Youngpeoplearedisappointedwiththeconventionalwayof

teachingatcollege

B.Manyyoungpeoplearerequiredtojointhearmy

C.Youngpeoplehavelittlemotivationinpursuingahigher

education

D.Youngpeopledon,tliketheintensecompetitionfor

admissiontograduateschool

14、

Accordingtothepassage,theproblemsofcollegeeducation

partlyarisefromthefactthat

A.societycannotprovideenoughjobsforproperlytrained

collegegraduates

B.highschoolgraduatesdonotfitthepatternofcollege

education

C.toomanystudentshavetoearntheirownliving

D.collegeadministratorsencouragestudentstodropout

15、

Inthispassagetheauthorarguesthat

A.moreandmoreevidenceshowscollegeeducationmaynotbe

thebestthingforhighschoograduates

B.collegeeducationisnotenoughifonewantstobesuccessfu

C.collegeeducationbenefitsonlytheintelligent,ambitious,

andquick-leaningpeople

D.intelligentpeoplemaylearnquickeriftheydon，tgoto

college

16、Therearetwotypesofpeopleintheworld.Althoughthey

haveequaldegreesofhealthandwealthandtheothercomforts

of'life,onebecomeshappy,theotherbecomesmiserable.This

arisesfromthedifferentwaysinwhichtheyconsiderthings,

personsandevents,andtheresultingeffectsupontheirminds.

Thepeoplewhoaretobehappyfixtheirattentiononthe

conveniencesofthings,thepleasantpartsofconversation,the

well-prepareddishes,thegoodnessofthewines,thefine

weather.Theyenjoyallthecheerfulthings.Thosewhoareto

beunhappythinkandspeakonlyofthecontrarythings.

Therefore,theyarecontinually,discontented.Bytheir

remarks,theysourthepleasuresofsociety,offendmanypeople,

andmakethemselvesdisagreeableeverywhere.Ifthisturnof

mindwerefoundedinnature,suchunhappypersonswouldbethe

moretobepitied.Thetendencytocriticizeandbedisgusted

isperhapstakenuporiginallybyimitation.Itgrowsintoa

habit,unknowntoitspossessors.Thehabitmaybestrong,but

itmaybecuredwhenthosewhohave~itareconvincedofits

badeffectsontheirinterestsandtastes.Ihopethislittle

warningmaybeofservicetothem,andhelpthemchangethis

habit.

Althoughinfactitischieflyanactoftheimagination,it

hasseriousconsequencesinlife,sinceitbringsondeepsorrow

andbadluck.Thosepeopleoffendmanyothers,nobodylovesthem,

andnoonetreatsthemwithmorethanthemostcommonpoliteness

andrespect,andscarcelythat.Thisfrequentlyputsthemin

badtemperanddrawsthemintoarguments.Iftheyaimat

obtainingsomeadvantageinrankorfortune,nobodywishesthem

success.Norwillanyonestirasteporspeakawordoffavour

fortheirhopes.Iftheybringonthemselvespublicdisapproval,

noonewillchangethisbadhabitandcondescendtobepleased

withwhatispleasing,withoutworryingneedlesslyabout

themselvesandothers.Iftheydonot,itwi11begoodforothers

toavoidanycontactwiththem.Otherwise,itcanbe

disagreeableandsometimesveryinconvenient,especiallywhen

onebecomesmixedupintheirquarrels.

Peoplewhoareunhappy

A.alwaysconsiderthingsdifferentlyfromothers

B.usuallyareinfluencedbytheresultsofcertainthings

C.candiscovertheunpleasantpartofcertainthings

D.usuallyhaveafault-findinghabit

17、

Thephrase"sourthepleasuresofsociety”(Para.2)most

nearlymeans

A.haveagoodtastetothepleasuresofsociety

B.aren'tcontentwiththepleasuresofsociety

C.feelhappywiththepleasuresofsociety

D.enjoythepleasureofsociety

18、

WhichofthefollowingstatementsNOTtrueaccordingtothe

passage?______

A.Weshouldpityallsuchunhappypeople

不______Q

q19

B.Suchunhappypeoplearecriticalabouteverything

C.Ifsuchunhappypeoplerecognizethebadeffectsofthe

habitonthemselvestheymaygetridofit

D.Suchunhappypeoplearealsonotcontentwiththemselves

19、

scarcelythat(Para.3)means

A.just1ikethat

B.almostnotlikethat

C.morethanthat

D.notatalllikethat

20、

Ifsuchunhappypersonsdon'tchangetheirbadbehaviour,what

shouldpeopledoaccordingtotheauthor?

A.Peopleshouldavoidcontactwiththem

B.Peopleshouldcriticizetheirmisconduct

C.Peopleshouldhelpthemrecognizethebadeffectsofthe

habit

D.Peopleshouldshownorespectandpolitenesstothem

21、PartB(10points)

Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.For

Questions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelist(A、

B、C、D、E>F^G...)tofitintoeachofthenumberedblank.

Thereareseveralextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyofthe

gaps.(10points)

Timespentinabookshopcanbemostenjoyable,whetheryouare

abook-loverormerelytheretobuyabookasapresent.You

mayevenhaveenteredtheshoptofindshelterfromasudden

shower.Whateverthereason,youcansoonbecometotally

unawareofyoursurroundings.Thedesiretopickupabookwith

anattractivedust-jacketisirresistible,althoughthis

methodofselectionoughtnottobefollowed,asyoumightend

upwitharatherdullbook.(41).

(42).Therearenotmanyplaceswhereitispossibleto

dothis.Amusicshopisverymuchlikeabookshop.Youcan

wanderroundsuchplacestoyourheart'scontent.Ifiiisa

goodshop,noassistantwillapproachyouwiththeinevitable

greeting:"CanIhelpyou,sir?”Youneedn'tbuyanythingyou

don'twant.Inabookshopanassistantshouldremaininthe

backgrounduntilyouhavefinishedbrowsing.Then,andonly

then,arehisservicesnecessary.(43).

Youhavetobecarefulnottobeattractedbythevarietyof

booksinabookshop.Itisveryeasytoentertheshoplooking

forabookon,say,ancientcoinsandtocomeoutcarryinga

copyofthelatestbest-sellingnovelandperhapsabookabout

brass-rubbing—somethingwhichhadoilyvaguelyinterestedyou

uptillthen.(44).Thissortofthingcanbevery

dangerous.Apartfromrunningupahugeaccount,youcanwaste

agreatdealoftimewanderingfromsectiontosection.

Booksellersmustbebothlong-sufferingandindulgent.

(45).Amedicalstudenthadtoreadatext-bookwhichwas

fartooexpensiveforhimtobuy.Hecouldn，tobtainitfrom

thelibraryandtheonlycopyhecouldfindwasinhisbookshop.

Everyafternoon,therefore,hewouldgoalongtotheshopand

readalittleofthebookatatime.Oneday,however,hewas

dismayedtofindthebookmissingfromitsusualplaceandwas

abouttoleavewhenhenoticedtheowneroftheshopbeckoning

tohim.Expectingtobetoldoff,hewenttowardshim.Tohis

surprise,theownerpointedtothebook,whichwastuckedaway

hiddeninacorner."Iputitthereincaseanyonewastempted

tobuyit."hesaid,andleftthedelightedstudenttocontinue

hisreading.

A.Thisopportunitytoescapetherealitiesofeverydaylife

is,Ithink,themainattractionofabookshop.

B.Theowneroftheshopdidn'tcaremuchaboutthesellingof

thebook,buthopedthatthe

studentcouldfinishhisreading.

C.Ofcourse,youmaywanttofindoutwhereaparticularsection

is,butwhenhehasledyouthere,theassistantshouldretire

discreetlyandlookasifheisnotinterestedinsellinga

singlebook.

D.Thereisastorywhichillustratesthis.

E.Yousoonbecomeengrossedinsomebookorother,andusually

itisonlymuchlaterthatyourealizeyouhavespentfartoo

muchtimethereandmustdashofftokeepsomeforgotten

appointment一withoutbuyingabook,ofcourse.

F.Youmayfindmuchdifferencebetweenabookshopanda

departmentstore.Abookshopisquietandtheassistantnever

disturbsyouwhenyoupickupabookandbegintobrowseit,

whileinadepartmentstore,theassistantneverhesitatesto

cometointroduceloudlytheproductsyoushowinterest.

G.Thisvolumeonthesubject,however,happenedtobesowel1

illustratedandthepartofthetextyoureadprovedso

interesting,thatyoujusthadtobuyit.

22、(42)

23、(43)

24、(44)

25、(45)

26、PartC

Directions:Readthefollowingtextcarefullyandthen

translatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.(10points)

Doanimalshaverights?Thisishowthequestio