人教版英語

Unit5Whataretheshirtsmadeof?SectionAGrammarFocus人教版英語Revision1.在...制造2.由...制成3.在過去4.不論；無論5.在將來6.以...而聞名7.據(jù)我所知8.全世界bemadeinbemadeof/fromin

thepastnomatterinthefuturebefamous/knownfor...asfarasIknowallovertheworld=aroundtheworldGrammarFocus語態(tài)CaiXukunplays

basketball.主動語態(tài)Thebasketballisplayedby

CaiXukun.被動語態(tài)主語動作主語是動作的執(zhí)行者動作主語主語是動作的承受者GrammarFocus語態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)主語是動作的執(zhí)行者主語是動作的承受者被動語態(tài)的概念被動語態(tài)一、被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成

被動語態(tài)由_________________構(gòu)成，如果要特別強調(diào)動作或行為的執(zhí)行者時，句子后面需接________，譯為__________。其中be動詞要根據(jù)________________發(fā)生變化，be動詞后的過去分詞不變?！癰e+done(過去分詞)”“by短語”“被/由……”人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)PeoplegrowteainHangzhou.Teaisgrown(bypeople)inHangzhou.如：在杭州人們種植茶葉。ActiveVoicePassiveVoiceGrammarFocus二、一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)am/is/are(not)+done(+bysb.)如：這輛汽車是中國制造的。Thecar________inChina.

這輛車不是中國制造的。Thecar

_________inChina.

這輛車是中國制造的嗎？

_____thecar_____inChina?

這輛車什么時候在中國被制造的？When_____thecar_____inChina?

ismadeisn’tmadeis

madeIs

madeGrammarFocus三、一般過去時的被動語態(tài)如：這房子是1967年建的。Thehouse________in1967.

這房子不是1967年建的。Thehouse___________in1967.

房子是1967年建的嗎？______thehouse______in1967?

這房子是什么時候建的？When______thehouse______？wasbuiltwasn'tbuiltWasbuiltwasbuiltGrammarFocuswas/were(not)+done(+bysb.)四、主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的方法如：PeoplegrowteainHangzhou.主動語態(tài):主語People是動作grow的執(zhí)行者。被動語態(tài):主語Tea是動作grow的承受著。主(執(zhí)行者)謂賓(承受者)主(承受者)謂Teaisgrown(bypeople)inHangzhou.GrammarFocus1.Theyvisitourschooleveryyear.(變被動語態(tài))——————————————————2.Theycoverthedeskwithnewspapers.(變被動語態(tài))——————————————————Ourschoolisvisitedby

themeveryyear.Thedeskiscoveredwithnewspapersbythem.口訣：1.賓提前2.原主變賓(前加by)3.動詞變“bedone”將下列句子改為被動語態(tài)1.Manypeoplespeak

English

intheU.S.A.

2.Hebought

abikelastnight.3.Wemake

thesemachinesinBeijing.4.Theyoften

use

computers

inclass.

EnglishisspokenbymanypeopleintheU.S.A.Abikewasboughtbyhimlastnight.ThesemachinesaremadeinBeijing.Computersareoftenusedinclass.They

make

shoesinthatfactory.Shoesaremadebytheminthatfactory.Practice五、主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的注意事項：?有二個賓語(主語+謂語+間賓+直賓)的句子變被動語態(tài)時，只將其中一個賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳渲械闹髡Z，另一個賓語不變。注意：用直接賓語主語時，在過去分詞后面，保留賓語之前要加一個適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~，如to,for,of等。主動句：主+謂+間接賓語+直接賓語→被動句：原間接賓語+be+done+原直接賓語+by+原主語的賓格

原直接賓語+be+done+介詞+原間接賓語+by+原主語的賓格They

gave

thechildren

manygoodbooks.→(主語)如：(謂語)(間賓)(直賓)Thechildrenweregivenmanygoodbooks

(bythem).Manygoodbooks

weregiventhechildrento(bythem).GrammarFocus1、Hetoldher

alongstory.2、Motherboughtmeanewcoat.We

aretoldthetruthbyJack.3、Jacktellsusthetruth.Thetruth

istoldtousbyJack.Shewastold

alongstory.Alongstorywastoldtoher.I

wasboughtanewcoat.Anewcoatwasboughtforme.Practice?

含有賓語補足語(主+謂+賓+賓語補足語)的句子的被動語態(tài)時，只將句中的賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳渲械闹髡Z，賓補不變，但語法功能變了，此時的補足語不再是賓語補足語，而變成了主語補足語。如：我們讓懷特先生當(dāng)隊長。WemadeMr.Whiteleaderoftheteam.(賓補)(主語)(謂語)(賓語)Mr.Whitewasmadeleaderoftheteam.（byus)Wecallherabeauty.我們叫她“美女”。Sheiscalledabeauty(byus).(賓補)(賓語)Exercise1、Ifoundhimlyingonthefloor.2、WecallherRose.I

ammadehappybythem.3、Theymakemehappy.Hewasfoundlyingonthefloor.SheiscalledRose.賓語補足語變成了主語補足語?

當(dāng)主動句中有感官動詞(see,watch,lookat,observe,listento,hear,feel等)和使役動詞(make,have等)，在主動語態(tài)的句子中，賓語補足語前省略to；但在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，主語補足語前一律加上to。Iheardhimsingintheroomjustnow.如：剛才聽到他在房間里唱歌。Hewasheardtosinginhisroomjustnow(byme).IsawTomfalloffthetreejustnow.Tomwasseen

tofalloffthetreejustnow.剛才看到湯姆從樹上掉下來。六、被動語態(tài)的用法（1）不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者或沒有必要知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者時。如：Thesebooksarewrittenforchildren.

Ihaven’tbeentoldaboutit.（2）需要強調(diào)動作的承受著即賓語時。如：Calculatorcan'tbeusedinthemathexam.計算器不能用于數(shù)學(xué)考試。ThecupwasbrokenbyDavid.ThebookiswrittenbyMoYan.（3）作客觀說明時，常采用一種被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)。如：

Itis\wassaid\believed\reported+that……主動表被動1.系動詞get，turn，become，seem，look，sound，smell，taste，feel+adj.Thatdoglookscute.那條狗(被)看起來可愛。2.need,want,beworth+doingMyflowersneedwatering.

我的花需要(被)澆水。3.物+write，wash，sell，read，clean，driveThiskindofskirtsellswellhere.這種裙子在這里(被)賣得好。不能被動不及物動詞：takeplace（發(fā)生），happen（發(fā)生），comeout（發(fā)生），breakout（爆發(fā)），appear（出現(xiàn)），disappear（消失），last（持續(xù)）等。Translatethesesentencesandlet’sread.你的襯衫是棉制的嗎？是的，他們是。而且它們是美國制造的。飛機模型是由什么制成的？它是由舊木頭和玻璃制成。茶產(chǎn)自中國哪里？茶產(chǎn)自很多不同的地區(qū)。茶是如何制成的？茶樹種植在山坡上。當(dāng)茶葉長成后,它們被手工采摘下來，然后送去加工。GrammarFocus在杭州人們種植茶葉。在杭州人們種植茶葉。把下列的主動句變?yōu)楸粍泳?。Peopleplayfootballallovertheworld.2.TheoldmanonTVtellsastoryonSunday.3.Studentslistentothekindteachercarefully.Footballisplayedallovertheworldbypeople.AstoryistoldbytheoldmanonTVonSunday.Thekindteacherislistenedtobystudentscarefully.4.Doyouwateryourflowerseveryday?(變?yōu)楸粍泳?5.Treesandflowersareplantedeveryyeartomakeourcountrymorebeautiful.(變?yōu)橐蓡柧?Areyourflowerswateredbyyoueveryday?Aretreesandflowersplantedeveryyeartomakeourcountrymorebeautiful？Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.Childrenunder18__________________(notallow)towatchthisshowwithouttheirparents.2.We_____________(pay)bythebossonthelastFridayofeachmonth.3.A:Whatlanguage______________(speak)inGermany?B:MostpeoplespeakGerman,butmanycanspeakEnglish,too.4.Mostoftheearth’ssurface______________(cover)bywater.5.Theclassroom_____________(clean)bythestudentseveryday.4aaren’tallowedarepaidisspokeniscoverediscleanedGrammarFocus允許支付表面be(not)allowedtodosth.(不)被允許做某事allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事allowdoingsth.允許做某事。Rewritethesentencesusingthepassivevoice.1.Farmersplanttheteaonthesidesofmountains.

Theteaisplantedonthesidesofmountainsbyfarmers.2.Thisshopusesthebestmaterialstomakedresses.___________________________________________________________3.Carelessdrivingcausesmanytraffic

accidents.___________________________________________________________4.Thepostmanbringslettersandpostcardstopeople’shomes.___________________________________________________________5.Ourfamilydoesnotusethissilverplateveryoften.___________________________________________________________4bGrammarFocusThebestmaterialsareusedbythisshoptomakedresses.Manytrafficaccidentsarecausedbycarelessdriving.Lettersandpostcardsarebroughttopeople’shomesbythepostman.Thissilverplateisnotusedveryoftenbyourfamily./Thissilverplateisnotusedbyourfamilyveryoften.材料粗心的交通事故銀n.(尤指有帽舌的)帽子n.(分手指的)手套hatmittens[?m?tnz]GrammarFocus4cExercise一、單項選擇。1.Thegirlisoften_____bythenaughtyboy.A.madecry B.maketocry C.madetocry D.makecrying2.Thispairofshoes_____hand,andit_____verycomfortable.A.ismadewith;isfelt B.aremadefrom;isfeltC.aremadeof;feels D.ismadeby;feels3.—Whatlanguages_____inthatcountry?—GermanandEnglish.A.arespeaking B.arespokenC.speak D.isspoken4.Manytrees_____alongthestreetseveryyear.Sotheairisveryfreshnow.A.plant B.areplantedC.planted D.wereplantedCDBB5.Silver__________aringformoney.A.isusuallymadeinto B.isusuallymadeof C.isusuallymadefrom6.Ilikethedumplingsmade________mymotherbest.A.in B.from C.by7.Itissaidthattwo____andthree____aregoingtovisitourschoolnextweek.A.German;Japanese B.Germany;JapanC.Germanys;Japans D.Germans;Japanese8.Drivingafterdrinkingwine______inChina.A.allows B.doesn’tallowC.isallowed D.isn’tallowed9.—Excuseme,haven’tyoulearnedthenew_____law?Everyoneinacarmustweartheseatbelt.—Sorry,wewon’tdothatagain.A.food B.traffic C.medicine D.education10.Ifmoretrees____,ourcitywillbemoreandmorebeautiful.A.plant B.planted C.areplanted D.wereplantedACDDBC1.你的襯衫是棉制的嗎？_____yourshirts__________cotton?2.是的,而且它們產(chǎn)于美國。Yes,theyare.Andtheywere__________theUS.3.飛機模型是由什么制成？______themodelplane______of?4.它是由舊木頭和玻璃制成。It’smadeof____________and______.