漢英翻譯基礎(chǔ)教程第一章漢英詞匯比較與翻譯第二章AA*—?第三章第四章AA*-~r^VA第五章詞法翻譯的一般技巧名詞的抽象和具體譯法動詞的翻譯 數(shù)詞和冠詞的翻譯 成語的英譯 .4.911121317171920232527293032第七章修辭格的翻譯笫八章文化詞語的翻譯 第九章漢英句子比較與翻譯..第十章?lián)Q序和轉(zhuǎn)態(tài)譯法 笫十一章斷句合句譯法 笫十二章長句的翻譯 第十四章漢英語篇比較與翻譯第十五章風格與翻譯 第十六章語用與翻譯 第一章漢英詞匯比較與翻譯第一節(jié)翻譯中的選義一、 結(jié)合語境選擇較貼切的譯文b2.a3.b4.a二、譯出下列詞語，注意詞語的不同搭配1．a(chǎn)swarmofbeesabroodofchickensalitterofpupsabevyofbeautifulladiesapackofhoundsateamofducksaherdofantelopesunfailingsupportproactivefiscalpolicymakeeffectiveuseofoverseasresourcesmakeaphonecalltakeataxiknitawoolensweaterfetchwaterplaybasketballsprayinsecticidebasicwagecapitalconstructionessentialcommodityprimaryindustryfundamentalinterest三、翻譯下列句子，注意畫線詞語的理解ThetwoleadersexchangedviewsonbilateralrelationsandissuesofcommonconcernPartymembersshouldlistencarefullytotheopinionsofthegeneralpublic.Theyofferedsomesuggestionsfortherevisionoftheplan.Everyonecomplainedagainstsuchapractice.Theyhadadisputeatthemeeting.Youshouldfollowthedoctor'sadvice.Theyreachedaconsensusonthisissue.Thereisstillsomeunfinishedbusinesstosettle.Wehaveconsultedhimaboutthematter.Pleasegoback.Thereisnothingofyourconcernnow第二節(jié)翻譯中的選詞一、翻譯下列各句，注意詞的選擇和搭配。Thatdependsuponcircumstances.Thisstateofaffairsmustbechanged.Howdomattersstandwiththem?HepresentsallhisbookstothelibraryAteachershoulddevotehimselftothecauseofeducation.Thecommitteeconsistsof15members.Airismadeupofamixtureofgases.Goinforrigoroustrainingandsetstrict3omand.二、翻譯下列詞組，注意詞匯的搭配方式。1．setsailopenquotationthebeginningofspringgointooperation5．betakeninmakeprogressdistinguishedguestsbeonduty三、翻譯下列各句，注意漢語中詞匯的詞義范圍。Itrainedcatsanddogs(hard/heavily)threedaysonend(insuccession/running).Helikestalkingbig(talkinglarge/talkinghorse/talkingtall)/helikessayingbigwords(largewords).Theyaregivingtheclassroomagood(general/spring/through)clean(ing).Apersonlikehimisbynomeans(innoway/onnoaccount/never/notabsolutely)rare.Weshouldgoinforindustryinabigwayinaccordancewithyoursuggestion.Ifyoudoitlikethat,you'llbecompletely(gravely/seriously)mistaken(beabsolutelywrong/makeabigmistake/makeamajorblunder/commitaverygrosserror).第三節(jié)翻譯中的多樣性一、翻譯下列句子，注意畫線詞的多樣性譯法。"Itsoundsasifthetwoofyouarealwaysofonemind,”SecondSisterchuckled,"Howwoulditbeifweweretobetrothyoutohim?"Throughclenchedteethheadded,..."Sheboremenogrudge,"repliedXifeng."ItwasBaoyuwhomadehergrindherteethwithragejustbeforeshedied."ButafterherinitialfrightXifengputonaboldface."Ifshe'sdead,"sheretorted,"What'sallthefussabout?"二、翻譯下列句子，注意畫線部分的成語。Themoreyouget,themoreyouwant.It'sonlynaturalformantohankerformore.Goodnessknowswhatthey'rebeingsosecretiveabout.She'sbeencreepinginherethelastcoupleofdaysinaverysneakyway.Goodnessknowswhatshe'supto.Whotoldyoutomakesuchafussovernothing?Anythingwilldo;don'tfuss.Ourgrandmaisill;don'tkickupsuchashindy.（口語：吵架。爭吵，打架）Whenothersheardthistheycommented,“Wethoughtitwassomeonewhomatteredisn'tworthmakingsuchafussabout.”第二章詞法翻譯的一般技巧第一節(jié)對等譯法一、翻譯下面的句子，注意搭配產(chǎn)生的“假朋友”afaithfulChristian2.alovingparentanobedientchild4.avirtuouswifeadutifulhusband6.ahardworkingstudentstrongwind8.thickfog9heavyrain二、 翻譯下列句子，注意不顧語境而產(chǎn)生的“假朋友”。Onlywhentheyfindmuchncommonandhopetokeepintouchlateron,willtheyoffertheircards.（注意不要把“投機”翻譯成speculative）Anotherexample.ThereadingofChineseclassicsisamustforallChinese.Nevertheless,itwasnotuntilIwasover30thatIcametorealizetheimportanceofself-studyinthematterofclassics.Dearyoungfriends,myadvicetoyouis:Dophysicalexercisesperseveringly.Thathasnothingtodowithmerry-makingortime-wasting.Goodhealthisthewherewithalforasuccessfullifeandcareer.三、 用對等譯法，翻譯下列成語。fishintroubledwatersbeafterone'sownheartskinandbonestouchandgohitthenailontheheadbeheadandshouldersaboveothersturnadeafeartoburnone'sboatturnablindeyetolookforaneedleinabundleofhay四、 用對等譯法，翻譯下列諺語。Practicemakesperfect.Morehaste,lessspeed.Eastorwest,homeisbest.Allisfishthatcomestothenet.EverythingcomestohimwhowaitsThemoonisnotseenwhenthesunshinesLookbeforeyouleap.Thereisnosmokewithoutfire.第二節(jié)增詞譯法一、翻譯下列句子，注意增補冠詞Evenachildcananswerthisquestion.ThisistheheadofourdelegationHeputthepaperasideandturnedontheradio.TheChinesepeopleareindustriousandbrave.Wemusthavefaithinthemasses.ThecompasswasinventedinChinaThemoonmovesaroundtheearth.二、翻譯下列句子，注意增補代詞。Handinyourexercise-books,please.Ican'texpressmyselfinEnglish.Liberalismmanifestsitselfinvariousways.Don'toverworkyourself.Iwishtoavailmyselfofthisopportunitytoexpressourgratitudetoyou.三、翻譯下列句子，注意增補動詞。Theyareinhighspirits.Theybeamedwithjoy.Heisquickofeyeanddeftofhand.ThisarticleiseasytoreadandunderstandIstoodalooffromhim.四、翻譯下列句子，注意增補介詞。Thebookisverypopularamongyoungpeople.Sheinquiredaboutyourillness.Themountainisl,000feetabovethesealevel.Shutthedoorafter/whenyougoout.Dinnerwasatoneo'clock.Werejoiceateveryvictoryyouwin.五、翻譯下列句子，注意增補連詞。Promotephysicalcultureandbuildupthepeople'shealthMenandwomen,oldandyoung,alljoinedinthebattle.Weworkedneitherforfamenorforpersonalgain.Weshouldstrikewhiletheironishot.IshallstayhereuntilI'vecompletedmystudies.六、翻譯下列句子或短語，從文化角度增補詞語。YoumighthavethegeniusofLiBaiorDuFu,whowasagreatpoetintheTangDynasty andthemoralworthofYanHuiorZengShen—bothofthemweredisciplesofConfucius noonewouldaskyouradvice.toshowoffone'sproficiencywiththeaxbeforeLuBanthemastercarpenterJigong,RobinHoodinChina,robbedtherichandhelpedthepoor.letahundredflowersbloom,permittheairingofconflictingviewsblackchildren,whoareborninviolationofChina'sone-childpolicy第三節(jié)減詞譯法一、翻譯下列句子注意省略原文的范疇詞。Reformandopening-upreversedthestagnationofnationaleconomyHisrudenessshockedme.Hehasundertaken/takenupthetranslationofLuXun'sworks.Theexportisnotpermittedtoexceeditslimit.ThediscussioncoversSino-USrelations.Inthesummerof1969,theAdministrationpubliclyurgedaneasingoftensionswithChina.Hisarrogancemadeeveryonedislikehim.Nowbirthcontrolbecameapossibility.Chinaiscarryingoutnationwidepollutioncontrolandenvironmentalprotection.Duringthetalk,theirdiscussioncenteredaroundtheprotectionofintellectualpropertiesmotepeacefulreunificationOurimport-exportinthefirsthalfofthisyearhasgoneverywell.二、翻譯下列句子，注意省略原文的重復成分。ThetwosidesheldthatSino-USrelationsshouldbeviewedinaglobalcontextandfromaperspectiveofthefutureandthe21stcenturyinparticular.Whenproblemsemerge,theycanbeeasilyputright.distance/length/size/heightIncreasetheawarenessaboutself-reliance,competition,efficiency,anddemocracyandtheruleoflaw,aswellasthepioneeringandinnovationspirit.Silence!Silence!Unlessweburstout,weshallperishinthissilence.Productiveforcesarethemostdynamicandthemostrevolutionaryfactorsaswellastheultimatedecisiveforceofsocialdevelopment.OurpartymustalwaysrepresentthedevelopmenttrendofChina'sadvancedproductiveforces;theorientationofChina'sadvancedculture,andthefundamentalinterestsoftheoverwhelmingmajorityofpeopleinChina.三、翻譯下列句子，注意省略原文中多余的或空洞的詞語。Iwenttheretohavealook.AllIremembernowisthattheguardsattheentrancewereSwisssoldiersinyellowuniforms.Weneedtoimportadvancedindustrialequipment.Pastexperiencesteachus???.Thatisafacade.Wemustadheretotheprincipleofplainlivingandhardstruggle.Wemustcarryforwardandpromotethespiritofpracticality,truth-seekingandcourageininnovation.Thisshatteredhisillusion.WedemandthatUSgovernmentapologizetoChinaforthisincident.EncouragebothChineseandoverseasinvestmentsinthecentralandwesternregions.第四節(jié)合并譯法一、運用合并譯法，翻譯下列四字成語或詞組。finewordsglibtongueexhaustedstumblingmoveforcesburnone'sboat二.合并譯法,翻譯下列句子。Wemusthavethisambition.Igotintomyoldragsandmysugar-hogsheadagain,andwasfreeandsatisfied.Eachofthefiveperformancesenjoyedafullhouse,withmanyspectatorshavingtostand.Heisdeterminedtoturnoveranewleaf.Heworkedhardathisstudieseveninearlychildhood.TheChineseonbothsidesoftheTaiwanStraitsareofthesamefleshandblood.Allthestaffuniteinabsolutesincerity.Beforeyoucame,Ididnothingbutidleanddriftintoanythingthatoffereditself.Hesoughtthedistractionofdistance.第五節(jié)轉(zhuǎn)性譯法一、翻譯下列句子，注意漢語形容詞和剮詞的轉(zhuǎn)譯。Thereisnodifferenceintheirviews.Wefounddifficultyinsolvingthiscomplicatedproblem.ThedelegatesunanimouslyexpressedtheirdeterminationtoopposethenuclearweaponsHisnewbookisagreatsuccess.Helookedatmeinamazement.Thesunshinesovertheearth.Thenewsquicklyspreadthroughouttheworld.Hervoiceringsthroughthehouse.Thisareaisdenselypopulated.OurgovernmentshowsgreatconcernfortheChinesestudentsabroad.Theygivethisfamouswriterawarmwelcome.Sheactedasareluctanttouristguide.Shehasastrongdesiretoseehim.Iwillgiveanimmediatereply.Independentthinkingisanabsolutenecessityinstudy.三、翻譯下列句子，注意其中名詞的轉(zhuǎn)譯情況。Oxygenisoneoftheimportantelementsinthephysicalworld;itisveryactivechemically.Thiskindofbehaviorcharacterizesthecriminalmind.Theearthisshapedlikeabigball.Heaimstobeasuccessfulwriter.Thiscoffeetastesofchocolate.Allthestudentsshoulddevelopmorally,intellectuallyandphysically.ThemagnificentGreatHallofthePeopleimpressedustremendously.Wecanhouseyouifthehotelsarefull.Ignoranceandnegligencehascausedthismistake.Olivebranchsymbolizespeace.Weshouldrespecttheoldandlovetheyoung.第六節(jié)換形譯法一、翻譯下列句子，注意名詞性替代。A:CanIhaveacupofblackcoffeewithsugar,p/ease?B:Givemethesame,please.Whentheclockstruckthree,Elizabethfeltthatshemustgo;andveryunwillinglyshesaidso.A:Wouldyoulikethisteapot?B:No,Iwantasquareone.4Thisrepresentedagreatshiftfromthecenturies-longhistoryofreclaimingfarmlandfromlakestorestoringittothemonalargescale.Thisisthekeyworkshopinourfactory.Herewehavecomparativelycompleteequipment.Cooling-faninstallations,heatingdevicesandcommunicationsfacilitiesarealsoequippedoverthosemachineries.三，翻譯下面的句子，注意運用動詞性替代。Idonotknowanymorethanyoudo.(do=know)Hedidnotoftengrumble,andwhenhedid,noonepaidmuchattentiontohim.(did=grumble)Heroseearly,ashehadalwaysdone.(had...done=had...risenearly)Althoughmostofthepeoplebowedtohim,theyspatintothedirtastheydidso.Peterisjoiningourgroup.I'mnotsurewhetherDavidwilldosoornot.IpromisedtogetaticketforhimandIwilldoso.TheysaythatthePrimeMinsterwillsoondissolveParliamentandcallfornewelections.Idoubtverymuchifhewilldoso!Areyoubusythisafternoon?Ifnot,1hopeyouwouldstaywithmeforawhile.笫七節(jié)褒貶譯法一、 給出下列詞語的褒義詞、貶義詞和中性詞形式。褒義詞中性詞貶義詞人群gathering /assemblycrowdmob肥胖的portlyoverweighttubby苗條的slim/slender/slimunderweight/thin/fleshyskinny/gaunt/lanky朋友comradefriendcrony作家manofletterswriterwordmonger堅持perseverecontinuepersist二、將下列句子譯成英語，注意畫線詞語的褒貶。HeisalwayshankeringafterpersonalfameandgainsSheisfondoffigureskating.Heisinthefurtrade.Youarepeddlingnationalnihilism.Hecollaboratedwiththeinvadersandbetrayedhismotherland.Weshouldenhanceourmutualcooperation.Heisdeeplyengrossedinmedicalresearch.Thatchapisinfatuatedwithfameandfortune.ItshallbestrictlyprohibitedthatmoreforestsandpasturesbeturnedontofarmlandChina'seconomyisamajorquestion.Thestubbornboyrefusedtolistentohisparent'sadvice.Heaccomplishedtheworkwithstubborneffort.第三章名詞的抽象和具體譯法第一節(jié)名詞的抽象譯法一、翻譯下列詞語。cleanhandssixofoneandhalfadozenoftheotheradropintheoceancastleintheairfar-sightednessagentleman'sagreementraincatsanddogsaspoorasachurchmousetouchstonebuttersb.Up二、翻譯下列句子，注意畫線部分名詞的抽象譯法。Withhistardiness,carelessnessandappallinggoodhumor,weweresorelyperplexed.Nonewsisgoodnews.Theiroptimismmovedusgreatly.Atpresent,thebusinessinourcompanyisturningforthebetter.TheirenthusiasmisbeingconstantlyheightenedbyChina'ssocialistindustrializationanditsachievement.Nowbirthcontrolhasbecomeapossibility.TheyadmittedthegreatnessofMiltonasapoet,butdeniedhisgoodnessasaman.Iamsorryfortherudenessofhisbehaviortowardyou.Weshoulddaretocombatindisciplineandinefficiency.Duringthetalks,theirdiscussionhasbeencenteredonprotectionofintellectualpropertyrights.笫二節(jié)名詞的具體譯法一、運用具體譯法翻譯下列詞語和句子。1．a(chǎn)stallasMaypoleapieceofcakeacapitalknifeandforkbreadandbutter5．breadandcheeseTheproofofthepuddingisintheeatingHewasbornwithasilverspooninhismouth.二、翻譯下列詞語或句子，注意象聲詞的具體譯法。theclicker-clackoftheleathershoestheclangorofthegongthetick-tackofthewatchtherumbling(rolling)ofthethunderthesqueakingoftheradiothethumpingofthebustheclatterofmahjongthejingleofthedoorbellThebird-songandthebabblingofthestreamsdancedlightlyinthespringbreeze.Allwasquietinandoutofthehouseexceptforsomepeoplesnoring,thehorseschewingmash,andthegeesecacklingatintervals.第四章動詞的翻譯第一節(jié)動態(tài)動詞的靜態(tài)譯法翻譯下列句子，注意漢語句子中動態(tài)動詞的靈活轉(zhuǎn)換。Iwouldverymuchappreciateitifyoucouldtakeoursuggestionintoconsideration.Onecanneverbetoocarefulinthechoiceofone'sfriends.Butaftermuchhesitation,hefinallydecidedtoseemeoffhimself.Iamanxiousaboutherhealth.Itookmychildtothestreetforawalk.Theykeptonfightinginspiteofalldifficultiesandsetbacks.Weareallinfavorofhissuggestion.Althoughthereportisverylong,itisbesidethepointandbeyondmycomprehension.Pleaseletmethrough.Thewindblewthecandleout.Atthethoughtofthedisasterhislegsstiffenedunderhimandhecouldn'tmoveastepfurtherWeknowthatthemasteryofaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.Ihavebeenwaitinghereinobediencetoyourorder.Whataretheyafter?Theyareafterfame,afterpositionandtheywanttocutsmartfigures.Outofposition,outofadministration.Hewenttotheshopforabottleofsauce.Herbeautyisbeyondword.Abridgehasbeenunderconstruction,whichwillspantheHangzhouBay.第二節(jié)靜態(tài)動詞的動態(tài)譯法翻譯下列漢語句子，注意動態(tài)譯法的運用。Thesetapesarenolongerusable,sotheyarecompletelydisposableWearehappywithherselectionasMissAsia.Iamafraidyoursuggestionisnotworkableatall.Iamagingandforgetfulnow.Sheisveryhesitantaboutwhethertorevealthetruthtothepublic.Iamreallyveryregretfulnow.Ishouldn'thavebeensorudetoher.Heisverysorryforhispast,andhehasundertakentogiveupmotorcarsentirely.Theartsandcraftstherearecompleteinrange,reasonableinpriceandreliableinquality.Sheistolerantofmymistake,whichdeeplymovesme.Theknockonthedoormademewideawake.第五章數(shù)詞和冠詞的翻譯第一節(jié)數(shù)詞的翻譯一、翻譯下列句子或詞語，采用數(shù)字的直譯法。onecentraltaskandtwobasicpointsthefourcardinalprinciplestheFivePrinciplesofPeacefulCoexistenceBothofthemhavetenapplesAbirdinthehandisbetterthanahundredinthewood.二、翻譯下列句子，采用數(shù)詞的意譯法。IhavestudiedhumannatureandIknowathingortwo.Youshouldnothavesaidanythingaboutthematter.Shetalksshopallthetime.Youmustseizethisopportunity.Itisachanceoflifetime.Don'tbewavering.Gorightahead.bigandtalldosomethingregardlessoftheconsequencesrestlessaveryuglypersononcloudnine三、翻譯下列句子,注意其中數(shù)字的靈活處理。Seeingisbelieving.sixofoneandhalfadozenoftheotheratsixesandsevensthousandsuponthousandsofItookthenewswithagrainofsalt.adropinthebucketNewbroomssweepclean.Onetouchofnaturemakesthewholeworldakin.Ittakestwotomakeaquarrel.toputallone'seggsinonebuckettohangbyathreadAfool'sboltmaysometimeshitthemark.Overshoes,overboots.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.Ahundredyearscannotrepairamoment'slossofhonor.第二節(jié)活用英語冠詞一、翻譯下列句子，注意不定冠詞的使用。WefindourfoldingtableagreatconvenienceAwatchdogisasecurityagainstburglars.Davidisafailureasacoach.Hisskillatgamesmadehimanadmirationofhisfriends.Photographyisanart.Hewasfamedasawit,buthehadnowitnow.Yousawhardlyasoulbetweenthevillages.Hebecamealegendinhisowntime.ThisarticlewasananalysisofvariousformsofgovernmentsknowntomenIhaveanesteemforhim.Themajorhadasincerelikingandregardforhissister-in-law.二、翻譯下列句子，注意定冠詞的使用。1．Theupsanddownsofhislifemadehimpropout.Thesongispleasanttotheear.He幻okthechairatlastmeeting.4.IIalwaysfeeltheinjusticetowardswomen.Didhehavethecheektoaskformoremoney?Shemadethepoetryofmotion.Thelionisthekingofanimals.Beingontheoutswithaclassmateisveryupsetting.Underthecircumstancesthepeoplewereofamindoncemore.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.三、翻譯下列句子，注意零冠詞的使用。Heiscoveredwithsnowfromheadtofoot.Milkismadeintobutterandcheese.Knowledgeisalwaysexpanding.Plantsmadefoodintheirleavesusingsunlight,waterandcarbondioxide.5.Ihadbreadandbutterforbreakfast.第六章成語的英譯第一節(jié)漢語成語英譯一、試用直譯法翻譯下列漢語成語。shoutintheeastandstrikeinthewestbeengravedonone'sheartandbonesbelikeadogcountingonitsmaster'sbackingsummonwindandrainbehoney-mouthedanddagger-heartedfailtomendone'swaysafterrepeatedadmonitionfeeljustlikeafishinwatereverybushandtreelookslikeanenemybepurelikejadeandclearlikeicecallastagahorse二、試用意譯法翻譯下列漢語成語。beverymodestandextremelyopen-mindedwithmightredoubledbecoldinmannerheatedverbalexchangeordebatebehopelesslikearatinaholeillusoryjoy;fonddreamkeepquietoutoffearthetwohadbeenengagedtoeachotherbeforetheywerebornextremelysuspiciousleaveone'snativeplaceagainstone'swill三、試用對等譯法翻譯下列漢語成語。1．sailwiththewind2birdsofafeatheratsixesandsevenshittheceilingneitherfish,fleshnorfowlattheendofone'sropemakeone'shairstandonendputthecartbeforethehorsedancetoanothertunepaintthelily四、試把下面歷史故事類成語譯咸英語。returnsomethingtoitsowneringoodconditionrepeatedlyrequestsomebodytotakeuparesponsiblepostofferahumbleapologybeanarmchairstrategistdeliberatelymisrepresentbeexceedinglybeautifulablementieddowntoaroutinepostaddthetouchthatbringsaworkofarttolifeoverwhelmingpopularityofanewbookwithbitterincisiveness五、試把下面寓言故事類成語譯咸英語。pullupthericeshootswiththeintentionofhelpingthemtogrowlockthestabledoorafterthehorsehasboltedlookattheskyfromthebottomofawellplugone'searswhilestealingabellkillthechickentofrightenthemonkeybullypeoplebyflauntingone'spowerfulconnectionsbestubbornlyunimaginativeprofessedloveofwhatoneactuallyfearstrusttochanceandwindfallsfeedonillusions第二節(jié)翻譯中英語成語的使用試用英語成語來翻譯以下的漢語詞組。1．selllikehotcakes2．cutcorners3．beborninthepurple4．sellsb.downtheriver5．poortool6．thinkonone'sfeet7．getoffone'shighhorse;pocketone'sdignity8．breatheagain;breatheeasily9．withone'sheartinone'smouth/boots10．(as)fitasafiddle;inthepink(ofcondition)11．muchcryandlittlewool12．bedownandout;downatheels;comedownintheworld13．putoneselfinsb.'sshoes14．kicksb.Downstairs15．takethewindoutofsb.'ssails16．havenousefor17．readbetweenthelines18．goforwoolandcomehomeshorn19．throw/flingoneselfinto20．talkbig21．shift/changeone'sground;turnone'scoat22．mendone'sways;turnoveranewleaf23．withthetongueinthecheek24．putthelidon25．standonceremony26．zerohour27．haveone'snoseinabook28．sendsb.packing;showsb.thedoor29．turnthetide30．makeheadortailof;tobuttondown笫三節(jié)漢語諺語的翻譯一、試把下列漢語諺語翻譯成英語。Onetreedoesnotmakeaforest.2Obedienceisbetterthanpoliteness.Itisbettertoseeoncethantohearahundredtimes.Whymakeunnecessarilygreateffortstodotrivialthingsasusingabutcher'sox-cleavertokillachicken?Eventhewisearenotalwaysfreefromerror.Hewhoisnotinaparticularofficehasnothingtodowithplansforadministrationofitsduties.7.Aminimalerrorordeviationresultsinwidedivergence.Asvirtuerisesonefoot,vicerisesten.Ajustcauseenjoysabundantsupport.Anartisanmustfirstsharpenhistoolsifheistodohisworkwell.二、試用英語諺語套譯下列漢語諺語。Timeandtidewaitsfornoman.Theleastsaid,thesoonestmended.Constantdroppingwearsawayastone.Whenthecatisaway,themicewillplay.Hethatliveswithcrippleslearnstolimp.ThemillsofGodgrindslowlybutsure.Awordspokenispastrecalling.Constantdroppingwearsawayastone.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Theymusthungerinfrostthatwillnotworkinheat第四節(jié)漢語慣用語的翻譯一、試把下列漢語慣用語翻譯成英語overcharge;fleece;soaklatchontotherichandpowerfulgetridofthewholelotworkhandinglovewith5．putonrivalshow二、試把下列漢語慣用語用英語成語來套譯。1．givethegreenlightpourcoldwateronsingadifferenttunerackone'sbrainstouchstone笫五節(jié)漢語歇后語的翻譯一、試把下列漢語歇后語用直譯法翻譯成英語。haveanightmareatmidnight-haveafalsealarmlikeamothflyingtowardsthefire-lookforself-destructionlikeadogtryingtocatcharat-beverynosylikeadeafman'sears-pureuselessdecorationslikeagrasshopperfightingagainstarooster-dothingsbeyondone'sabilities二、試把下列漢語歇后語用意譯法翻譯成英語。beuselessbeafoolbecarefulbeabsolutelylawlessdothingsaccordingtotheroutine第六節(jié)粗俗語的解釋試把下列漢語粗俗語翻譯成英語1．Youmakemesick!Getlost.3．Youpissmeoff．It'snoneorfbuysoiuness.5．Youstupidjerk!Youareoutofyourmind7．Dropdead.Don'tgivemeyourshit!9．Whatastupididiot!You'resuchabitch!.第七章修辭格的翻譯第一節(jié)可以直譯的修辭格試用直譯法翻譯下列句子。Theyellowybrownleafislikeaboatcarryingdreams.Sparemomentsarethegolddustoftime.Theblushingrosenoddedtoher,asshepassed.Iwasscaredtodeathwhenlisteningtothatghoststory.Hehasmanymouthstofeedinhisfamily.Accordingtosomesources,financiersarekeepingacooleyeonthesuperconductorindustry.AfterthreedaysinJapan,thespinalcolumnbecomesextraordinarilyflexible.Oursilkblousesaremadeofpuresilkofbestquality.Theyaremoderateinprice,excellentincraftsmanshipanduniqueindesigns."Whendidhesaythis?""Attheplayground.Andwalkinghome.Yesterday."Hisdaughterisratherweakinthehead.IwillfeelbetterifyoufeltthepainIfeel.ButwhoeverfeltasIdid?Ourheroicfightersstormedtheenemy'sstronghold.Childhoodislikeaswiftlypassingdream.Herbeautyisbeyondcomparison.Idonothavetoworryaboutthefuelandrice.Brutalplancutsoffresearchersintheirrime.Itenjoysatemperateclimatewithwell-markedseasonsandhasplentyofrainfallandsunshinefavorableforgrowingcrops.笫二節(jié)意譯為主的修辭格試用意譯的翻譯方法，翻譯下列句子。Grandmacouldalwaysseeafewbeesbuzzinginandoutaroundtheopeninghighinthetree.2．Iamhungry-mystomach'srumbling.Theflowersshedtearsforthetroubledtimes,andthebirdsseemstartledasifwiththeanguishofseparation.Hegavehislife;lifewasallhecouldgive.Twooriolessitinthegreenwillowssinging;Seeegretsinflighttotheblueskyarewing!"OnlyIfeelbadwhenweloseeveryfight."Allofhispurchasesofrecentyearshadtobeliquidatedatagreatsacrificebothtohishealthandhispocketbook.Beijingistheheartofourcountryinpolitics,economyandculture.WhattheyneednowisalargequantityofZ-iron.Xiaomingisdeterminedtostudyhard,forthesakeofhisteacheraswellasforhisown.Carryingapackageinhisrighthand,heledalonginhislefthanda7-year-oldchild,whotookhisbrother(9-year-old),andwhoagaintookhismotherbyhand.Iusedtoorganizemyfather'stools,mymother'skitchenutensils,andmysister'sboyfriend.Weshouldlistenwithopenearstothesoundofwindandrainandthereadingvoiceaswell;wemustnotonlyconcernourselveswithpersonalaffairsbuttheaffairofthestateandtheworld.第三節(jié)無法翻譯的修辭格翻譯下列句子。LaterMr.ChaBuduoservedasanassistantatamoneyshop.Hecouldwriteandcalculateallright,buthismathematicswasoftenfaulty.HewouldmistaketheChinesecharacter+(meaning10)for千(meaningl,000)orviceverse.Theshopownerwasinfuriatedandoftentookhimtotask.Buthewouldonlyexplainapologeticallywithagrin,"Thecharacter千differsfrom十inmerelyhavingoneadditionalshortstroke.Aren'ttheyaboutthesame?"TheSpringFestival,theChineseLunarNewYear,iscelebratedaccordingtothelunarcalendar,andgenerallyoccurssometimeinthefirsthalfofFebruary.Customarily,lavishlyconsumingfoodanddrinkisamajoractivity.Inadditiontothepopularseafood,poultryandmeat,regionalconsumptionoftraditionalfavorites,forexample,jiaozi(boileddumplings)inBeijing,babaofan(asteamedsweetglutinousricepudding)inShanghai,andthesoupofsmallrice-balls(cookedwithporkandchicken)inGuangzhou.ThroughoutChinaniangao(literallymeaningthe"yearcake",athicksteamedpuddingofglutinousriceflour)ismadeinagreatvarietyofshapesandflavors.Thecharacter"gao"inthewordniangaoishomonymouswiththeword"tall",suggesting"growingupandprospering"inthenewyear.ThewordcrisisinChineseisonewithtwocharacters,weiandji,meaningrespectivelydangerandopportunity.Thus,weijientailsopportunities.Mypositioninthecompanydoesn'tpermitmetomakeadecisionindividually.MyappearanceistoomuchofChinese.笫八章文化詞語的翻譯第一節(jié)文化色彩的再現(xiàn)一、翻譯下列詞語，注意漢英文化形象的不同。theironrice-bowlhalftheskyinstantrichpapertigerwashone'shandsoutofathingcontactlensespop-top;pull-tophonorrollmonoplyhighseason/lowlesson二、用本節(jié)所講的翻譯技巧，翻譯下列句子。Theyarepackedlikeatinofsardines.Welookedathisfaceandwerealizedathunderstormwasabouttocome.Whatadullspeech!Heismerelyparrotingwhatmanyothershavesaid.WhenJoangraduatedfromhighschool,shelookedattheworldthroughrose-coloredglassesSamisabeanpole,tallandthin.Ilookdownuponhim,forheissuchanapplepolisher.第二節(jié)文化色彩的轉(zhuǎn)變一、用轉(zhuǎn)換形象法，翻譯下列成語或詞語。tomeetone'sWaterlooWatergatescandal3．LameduckOneboyisaboy,twoboyshalfaboy,threeboysnoboy.Killthegoosetogettheeggs.Alivedogisbetterthanadeadlion.二、用本節(jié)所講的翻譯技巧翻譯下列句子。Anewbr