實驗項目大地坐標系坐標轉(zhuǎn)換計算實驗日期2015.3.24實驗地點實驗樓同組人數(shù)1實驗類型□傳統(tǒng)實驗(□,√)現(xiàn)代實驗□其他(□,√)驗證性□綜合性□設(shè)計性□其他(□,√)自立式□合作式□研究式□其他一、實驗?zāi)康慕?jīng)過大地測量學(xué)基礎(chǔ)課程的學(xué)習(xí)，在掌握了大地測量有關(guān)基本理論、基本知識、基本方法的基礎(chǔ)上，驗證、鞏固和補充課堂講授的理論知識。使學(xué)生對大地控制網(wǎng)布設(shè)原理、原則和方法等有一個更加深刻的理解和認識，并能自行不同橢球下的坐標轉(zhuǎn)換算例及同一橢球下的坐標轉(zhuǎn)換算例。具備正確處理實驗數(shù)據(jù)的能力，培養(yǎng)運用所學(xué)理論解決實際問題的能力、分析和綜合實驗結(jié)果以及撰寫實驗報告的能力。二、實驗儀器設(shè)備計算機三、實驗原理、內(nèi)容及步驟不同坐標系轉(zhuǎn)換是大地測量工作中一項重要內(nèi)容。按照橢球參數(shù)不同，不同坐標系轉(zhuǎn)換分為同一橢球下的坐標轉(zhuǎn)換和不同橢球下的坐標轉(zhuǎn)換。同一橢球下的坐標轉(zhuǎn)換一般包括基于同一橢球參數(shù)的地心空間直角坐標系、大地坐標系、高斯平面直角坐標系之間的相互轉(zhuǎn)換；不同橢球下的坐標轉(zhuǎn)換包括地心空間直角坐標系、大地坐標系、高斯平面直角坐標系之間的相互轉(zhuǎn)換。不同橢球參數(shù)下的坐標轉(zhuǎn)換模型有：二維三參數(shù)模型、二維四參數(shù)模型、二維六參數(shù)模型和三維七參數(shù)模型。本實驗主要作不同橢球下的坐標轉(zhuǎn)換。1、坐標轉(zhuǎn)換數(shù)學(xué)模型(1)二維三參數(shù)坐標轉(zhuǎn)換模型：用于將基于一種橢球的平面坐標轉(zhuǎn)換為另一種橢球的平面坐標。x0，y0：平移參數(shù)α:旋轉(zhuǎn)角（弧度）(2)二維四參數(shù)坐標轉(zhuǎn)換模型：用于將基于一種橢球的平面坐標轉(zhuǎn)換為另一種橢球的平面坐標。x0，y0：平移參數(shù)k：尺度參數(shù)（ppm）α:旋轉(zhuǎn)角（弧度）(3)二維六參數(shù)坐標轉(zhuǎn)換模型：用于將基于一種橢球的平面坐標轉(zhuǎn)換為另一種橢球的平面坐標。x0，y0：平移參數(shù)：X尺度參數(shù)（ppm）：Y尺度參數(shù)（ppm）：X旋轉(zhuǎn)角（弧度）：Y旋轉(zhuǎn)角（弧度）(4)三維七參數(shù)模型：用于將一種橢球的空間直角坐標轉(zhuǎn)換為另一種橢球的空間直角坐標。X0，Y0，Z0：平移參數(shù)k：尺度參數(shù)（ppm）,,:X,Y,Z的旋轉(zhuǎn)角（弧度）2、坐標轉(zhuǎn)換GPS控制網(wǎng)以松浦村\Y132點以及測繪局主樓頂\FG01點作為平差起算點。3、坐標轉(zhuǎn)換的數(shù)據(jù)GPS網(wǎng)共有13個控制點，以JZLS、SP兩個點為起算已知點，采用二維約束平差解算其他11個點在北京54坐標系、西安80坐標系、哈爾濱城市坐標系的坐標，采用三維約束平差解算其他11點國家2000坐標系的高斯坐標。其結(jié)果如下：表1國家2000坐標系（高斯坐標）單位：mPointCoordinatesSigmas(mm)NameNorthing(m)Easting(m)Height(m)s(N)s(E)s(U)AJSH5069617.0694546426.0165133.671035.84.411.5G1025055674.0732549574.1928191.279377.3616.4G2015080743.2259542324.5917134.1625210.58.823.4G2115058701.6307536725.6629155.761359.17.620.8G2215071950.2458562500.6406147.98273118.824.6G3015057658.4643560990.0329210.908089.47.820.8HANZ5059978.6228547834.0307208.433244.73.58.9JJJB5071896.3709547849.3980134.824876.64.812.7JZLS(FG01)5063223.2495548357.4301203.1221000SP(Y132)5079271.0222547403.3400131.7991000WJYY5067105.5565546193.5685184.711027.35.212.3YLDS5070087.0901550290.6558254.861816.6512.7江北5073651.1415538439.5276133.104669.77.921.7表2北京54坐標系單位：mPointCoordinatesSigmas(mm)NameNorthing(m)Easting(m)s(N)s(E)AJSH5069660.9248546351.607232.3G1025055717.6876549499.85273.73G2015080787.2549542250.14163.93.1G2115058745.2950536651.10734.53.8G2215071994.1323562426.52195.44.2G3015057702.1118560915.88424.84HANZ5060022.3137547759.65612.41.8JJJB5071940.2654547775.00963.42.5JZLS(FG01)5063266.9949548283.069000SP(Y132)5079315.0492547328.894300WJYY5067149.3685546119.16133.82.7YLDS5070130.9513550216.31963.32.5江北5073695.0544538365.00664.33.5表3西安80坐標系單位：mPointCoordinatesSigmas(mm)NameNorthing(m)Easting(m)s(N)s(E)AJSH5069628.8356546307.93551.71.3G1025055685.8291549456.12702.11.8G2015080754.9855542206.524932.5G2115058713.3870536607.59452.62.2G2215071962.0047562382.57663.22.5G3015057670.2218560871.96722.82.3HANZ5059990.3811547715.96151.41JJJB5071908.1391547731.314121.4JZLS(FG01)5063235.0059548239.365200SP(Y132)5079282.8174547285.208800WJYY5067117.3188546075.49382.21.5YLDS5070098.8525550172.58361.91.5江北5073662.9000538321.46012.82.3表4哈爾濱城市坐標系單位：mPointCoordinatesSigmas(mm)NameNorthing(m)Easting(m)高程AJSH205272.7610293987.2228G102191303.5834297017.9517176.6384G201216433.2982289979.7516120.1896G211194439.1755284195.1124141.5905G221207470.3512310081.0185133.2196G301193191.8840308450.1043195.9057HANZ195622.6698295314.0443JJJB207540.0128295429.7815JZLS0198862.8128295864.7520188.6885SP214918.2635295045.8722117.6269WJYY202763.2593293733.6240YLDS205710.1943297855.7389江北209374.0960286034.8970119.1942下面是坐標裝換結(jié)果：北京五四坐標系轉(zhuǎn)換CGCS2000坐標系（三參）-------------------------------------------------------------------------------公共點坐標-------------------------------------------------------------------------------點名舊坐標(X,Y)新坐標(X,Y)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------G1025055717.6876549499.8527|5055674.0732549574.1928G2015080787.2549542250.1416|5080743.2259542324.5917G2115058745.2950536651.1073|5058701.6307536725.6629G2215071994.1323562426.5219|5071950.2458562500.6406-------------------------------------------------------------------------------轉(zhuǎn)換參數(shù)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------平移X0=-43.9086(m)平移Y0=75.3843(m)尺度K=0.0000000000(ppm)旋轉(zhuǎn)A=1.#INF000000(dms)M0=0.38(cm)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------點名舊坐標(X,Y)轉(zhuǎn)換坐標(X,Y)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------G1025055717.6876549499.8527|5055673.8894549574.2211G2015080787.2549542250.1416|5080743.4553542324.5049G2115058745.2950536651.1073|5058701.4942536725.4750G2215071994.1323562426.5219|5071950.3367562500.8870AJSH5069660.9248546351.6072|5069617.1260546425.9728G3015057702.1118560915.8842|5057658.3159560990.2522HANZ5060022.3137547759.6561|5059978.5152547834.0236JJJB5071940.2654547775.0096|5071896.4669547849.3747JZLS5063266.9949548283.0690|5063223.1965548357.4358SP5079315.0492547328.8943|5079271.2506547403.2579WJYY5067149.3685546119.1613|5067105.5696546193.5274YLDS5070130.9513550216.3196|5070087.1533550290.6851江北5073695.0544538365.0066|5073651.2540538439.3713-------------------------------------------------------------------------------轉(zhuǎn)換并配置后坐標(X,Y)及改正數(shù)(Vx,Vy)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------點名X(m)Y(m)Vx(m)Vy(m)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------G1025055674.0732549574.1928-5055673.8894-0.0283G2015080743.2259542324.5917-5080743.45530.0868G2115058701.6307536725.6629-5058701.49420.1879G2215071950.2458562500.6406-5071950.3367-0.2464AJSH5069617.1108546425.9886-0.01520.0158G3015057658.3625560990.19840.0466-0.0538HANZ5059978.6402547834.02410.12500.0005JJJB5071896.4181547849.3796-0.04880.0049JZLS5063223.2743548357.43970.07780.0039SP5079271.0988547403.3015-0.15180.0436WJYY5067105.5936546193.54750.02390.0201YLDS5070087.1315550290.6601-0.0217-0.0250江北5073651.1719538439.4296-0.08210.0583西安80坐標系轉(zhuǎn)換CGCS2000坐標系（四參）-------------------------------------------------------------------------------公共點坐標-------------------------------------------------------------------------------點名舊坐標(X,Y)新坐標(X,Y)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------G1025055685.8291549456.1270|5055674.0732549574.1928G2015080754.9855542206.5249|5080743.2259542324.5917G2115058713.3870536607.5945|5058701.6307536725.6629G2215071962.0047562382.5766|5071950.2458562500.6406-------------------------------------------------------------------------------轉(zhuǎn)換參數(shù)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------平移X0=-10.9474(m)平移Y0=118.1327(m)尺度K=-0.1594640658(ppm)旋轉(zhuǎn)A=-1.#INF000000(dms)M0=0.04(cm)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------點名舊坐標(X,Y)轉(zhuǎn)換坐標(X,Y)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------G1025055685.8291549456.1270|5055674.0732549574.1929G2015080754.9855542206.5249|5080743.2256542324.5921G2115058713.3870536607.5945|5058701.6307536725.6625G2215071962.0047562382.5766|5071950.2461562500.6405G3015057670.2218560871.9672|5057658.4655560990.0313AJSH5069628.8356546307.9355|5069617.0775546426.0020HANZ5059990.3811547715.9615|5059978.6245547834.0277JJJB5071908.1391547731.3141|5071896.3806547849.3804JZLS5063235.0059548239.3652|5063223.2488548357.4313SP5079282.8174547285.2088|5079271.0577547403.2752WJYY5067117.3188546075.4938|5067105.5611546193.5603YLDS5070098.8525550172.5836|5070087.0943550290.6495江北5073662.9000538321.4601|5073651.1413538439.5279-------------------------------------------------------------------------------轉(zhuǎn)換并配置后坐標(X,Y)及改正數(shù)(Vx,Vy)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------點名X(m)Y(m)Vx(m)Vy(m)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------G1025055674.0732549574.1928-5055674.0732-0.0001G2015080743.2259542324.5917-5080743.2256-0.0004G2115058701.6307536725.6629-5058701.63070.0004G2215071950.2458562500.6406-5071950.24610.0001G3015057658.4655560990.0313-0.0001-0.0000AJSH5069617.0775546426.00190.0000-0.0000HANZ5059978.6245547834.02770.0000-0.0000JJJB5071896.3806547849.38030.0000-0.0001JZLS5063223.2488548357.43130.00000.0000SP5079271.0579547403.27490.0002-0.0002WJYY5067105.5611546193.56030.00000.0000YLDS5070087.0943550290.6494-0.0000-0.0000江北5073651.1414538439.52770.0001-0.0001西安80坐標系轉(zhuǎn)換CGCS2000坐標系（六參）-------------------------------------------------------------------------------公共點坐標-------------------------------------------------------------------------------點名舊坐標(X,Y)新坐標(X,Y)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------G1025055685.8291549456.1270|5055674.0732549574.1928G2015080754.9855542206.5249|5080743.2259542324.5917G2115058713.3870536607.5945|5058701.6307536725.6629G2215071962.0047562382.5766|5071950.2458562500.6406-------------------------------------------------------------------------------轉(zhuǎn)換參數(shù)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------平移X0=-10.9744(m)平移Y0=118.2183(m)旋轉(zhuǎn)X=1.#INF000000(dms)旋轉(zhuǎn)Y=-1.#INF000000(dms)尺度X=-0.1519694093(ppm)尺度Y=-0.1608653681(ppm)M0=0.03(cm)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------點名舊坐標(X,Y)轉(zhuǎn)換坐標(X,Y)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------G1025055685.8291549456.1270|5055674.0731549574.1931G2015080754.9855542206.5249|5080743.2258542324.5919G2115058713.3870536607.5945|5058701.6308536725.6626G2215071962.0047562382.5766|5071950.2459562500.6404AJSH5069628.8356546307.9355|5069617.0775546426.0019G3015057670.2218560871.9672|5057658.4652560990.0314HANZ5059990.3811547715.9615|5059978.6245547834.0278JJJB5071908.1391547731.3141|5071896.3806547849.3803JZLS5063235.0059548239.3652|5063223.2487548357.4314SP5079282.8174547285.2088|5079271.0578547403.2750WJYY5067117.3188546075.4938|5067105.5611546193.5603YLDS5070098.8525550172.5836|5070087.0943550290.6494江北5073662.9000538321.4601|5073651.1415538439.5278-------------------------------------------------------------------------------轉(zhuǎn)換并配置后坐標(X,Y)及改正數(shù)(Vx,Vy)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------點名X(m)Y(m)Vx(m)Vy(m)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------G1025055674.0732549574.1928-5055674.0731-0.0003G2015080743.2259542324.5917-5080743.2258-0.0002G2115058701.6307536725.6629-5058701.63080.0003G2215071950.2458562500.6406-5071950.24590.0002AJSH5069617.0775546426.00190.0000-0.0000G3015057658.4652560990.03140.0000-0.0001HANZ5059978.6245547834.02770.0001-0.0001JJJB5071896.3807547849.38020.0000-0.0000JZLS5063223.2488548357.43130.0000-0.0001SP5079271.0579547403.27490.0000-0.0001WJYY5067105.5611546193.56030.0000-0.0000YLDS5070087.0943550290.64940.0000-0.0000江北5073651.1415538439.52770.0000-0.0000CGCS2000坐標系轉(zhuǎn)換城市坐標系（七參）-------------------------------------------------------------------------------公共點坐標-------------------------------------------------------------------------------點名舊坐標(X,Y,Z)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------江北5073651.1415538439.5276133.1047G2215071950.2458562500.6406147.9827G1025055674.0732549574.1928191.2794-------------------------------------------------------------------------------點名新坐標(X,Y,Z)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------江北209374.0960286034.8970119.1942G221207470.3512310081.0185133.2196G102191303.5834297017.9517176.6384-------------------------------------------------------------------------------轉(zhuǎn)換參數(shù)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------平移X0=-4859605.8779(m)平移Y0=-295140.3326(m)平移Z0=-94.3564(m)旋轉(zhuǎn)X=7.0263931204(s)旋轉(zhuǎn)Y=4.0163751924(s)旋轉(zhuǎn)Z=-1738.0098238419(s)尺度K=-26.4938974649(ppm)M0=12.56(cm)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------點名舊坐標(X,Y,Z)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------江北5073651.1415538439.5276133.1047G2215071950.2458562500.6406147.9827G1025055674.0732549574.1928191.2794AJSH5069617.0694546426.0165133.6710G2015080743.2259542324.5917134.1625G2215071950.2458562500.6406147.9827G3015057658.4643560990.0329210.9081HANZ5059978.6228547834.0307208.4332JJJB5071896.3709547849.3980134.8249JZLS5063223.2495548357.4301203.1221SP5079271.0222547403.3400131.7991WJYY5067105.5565546193.5685184.7110YLDS5070087.0901550290.6558254.8618-------------------------------------------------------------------------------點名轉(zhuǎn)換坐標(X,Y,Z)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------江北209374.0101286034.9411119.1945G221207470.4230310081.0856133.2194G102191303.5975297017.8405176.6383AJSH205272.7516293987.2278119.4102G201216433.1715289979.6594120.2581G221207470.4230310081.0856133.2194G301193191.7471308450.0991195.9163HANZ195622.6952295313.9948193.9348JJJB207539.9995295429.7767120.5599JZLS198862.8259295864.7190188.6692SP214918.2139295045.8684117.6930WJYY2027