2022屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)分類閱讀寫(xiě)作訓(xùn)練之人與社會(huì)

社會(huì)

一、七選五

（2020-四川省中江實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)）Haveyoueverwonderedwhysomemovie

charactersdrinkCokeandothersdrinkPepsi?1.OrwhyaTVshowactorcallshisfriendson

aSamsungcellphone?OrevenwhythecharactersinyourvideogamedriveChryslercars?

No,itisprobablynotthattheyactuallylikethoseproducts.2.

Productplacement—showingbrand-nameproductsinTVshows,movies,andvideo

games—isapopularwayfbrcompaniestoadvertisetheirgoods.Theideaissimple:acool

andgood-lookingcharacterdrivesanAudicaranddrinksCocaColainsteadofdrivinga

no-namecaranddrinkingsoda.3.Companieslikeitbecauseithelpsthemsellmore

products.

Asuccessfulproductplacementdealcanbeabigwin-winforbothcontentcreatorsand

advertisers.InthefamousalienmovieE.T.theExtra-Terrestrial,forexample,theHershey

CompanypaidUniversalStudiosonemilliondollarstohavepicturesoftheirReese'sPieces

candyshownduringthemovie.Afewweeksafterthemoviewasreleased,thesalesof

Reese'sPiecesincreasedby65%.4.ThecarmakerBMWpaid-threemilliondollarstohave

JamesBonddrivearoundintheirnewBMWZ3Roadsterduringthemovie.Aftertherelease

ofthemovie,BMWearned240milliondollarsinadvancedsalesfortheZ3Roadster.

SuccessstorieslikethesekeepadvertisersknockingonHollywooddoors.

5.Peopleclaimittrickspeopleintowatchingadvertisementsunknowingly.Some

non-profitgroupshaveevenspokenoutpubliclyagainstthepractice.Theconsumerrights

groupCommercialAlert,forexample,askedtheUSgovernmenttoputregulationson

productplacement.

A.Orwhoisyourfavoritemoviecharacter?

B.AnotherfamouscaseistheJamesBondmovieGoldenEye.

C.MovieandTVstudioslikeusingbrand-nameproductsbecauseitmakesacharacterseem

moreauthentic.

D.Productplacementhasreceivedalotofcriticism,though.

E.It'ssaidthatproductplacementisaseven-billion-dollar-a-yearindustry.

F.OrwhyyourfavoriteTVactressdoesherworkonanApplecomputer?

G.Therealanswerslieinamultibillion-dollarindustrycalledproductplacement.

二、閱讀理解

A

（2021?綏德中學(xué)）Afteracouplehashadtheirfirstchild,totheirdisappointment

theybecameinfertileandcouldn'thavemorechildren.Cloningwouldenablesuchacouple

tohaveasecondchild,perhapsayoungertwintothechildtheyalreadyhave.Manycouples

havedifficultyhavingchildren,andsometimesitisimpossibleforcouplestohavechildren

becausetheyareinfertile.Cloningwouldallowthesecouplestohavechildren.

Itishardtotellsomeonethattheycannotusecloningtohavechildrenwhennoother

possiblewaystohavechildrenareavailable.Thisisonereasonwhyitisdifficulttodecide

whethercloningismoralornot.Thefollowingaresomeofthereasonswhycloningshould

beallowed.

Throughcloning,researchcanprogress.Wepossiblycanlearnmoreaboutcell.Wemay

developtechnologytoalloweasiergenetictestingandfixingproblemssuchasspinalcord

injuries,cancer,andmanymore.

Cloningorgansfororgantransplants（移植）isoneofthemajorpracticalreasonsthat

cloningshouldbeallowed.Thereisalwaysahighdemandfororgans.Somearguefbrthe

cloningofhumanstocreateextrabodyparts.Otherstalkofjustwantingtocloneanorganto

replaceafaultyorgan.

Rejuvenation（恢復(fù)青春）isalsoakeyargumentforadvocates（提倡）ofcloning.Some

scientistsbelievethatinjectingclonedhealthyheartcellsintodamagedhearttissuewilllead

tohealingoftheheart.Bycombiningthetechnologyforcloningandthetechnologyfor

growinghumanstemcells,conditionslikeAlzheimer's,Parkinson's,andsomeotherageing

diseasemaybecurable.Thepossibilitiesareendlessandmaybeleftundiscoveredifhuman

cloningisforbidden.

6.Theunderlinedword“infertile”inPara.1means”

A.unabletohavechildrenB.toopoortogrowcrops

C.poorinpregnantknowledgeD.unabletoaffordtobringupchildren

7.Howmanyreasonsdoesthewritergiveinthispassageaboutwhycloningshouldbe

allowed?

A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.

試卷笫2頁(yè)，共8頁(yè)

8.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A.Cloningbabiesforinfertilecouplesismoral.

B.Throughcloning,researchworkincellscanmakegreatprogress.

C.Cloningcellscanmakesomediseasesconcerningageingcurable.

D.Cloningtechnologymayhelpimprovemedicaltechnology.

9.Fromthepassage,wecanknowthewriter'sattitudetowardhumancloningis.

A.negativeB.supportiveC.uninterestedD.opposing

B

（2020?上海市實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校高三月考）Onehundredyearsago,“Colored”wasthe

typicalwayofreferringtoAmericansofAfricandescent.Twentyyearslater,itwas

purposefullydroppedtomakewayfor"Negro”.Bythelate1960s,thattennwasovertaken

by“Black”.Andthen,atapressconferenceinChicagoin1988,JesseJacksondeclaredthat

“AfricanAmerican,,wasthetermtowelcome.Thisonewaschosenbecauseitechoedthe

labelsofgroups,suchas"ItalianAmericans^^and“IrishAmericans”,thathadalreadybeen

freedofwidespreaddiscrimination.

Acentury'sworthofcalculatednamechangespointtothefactthatnaminganygroupis

apoliticallyfreightedexercise.A2001studycatalogedallthewaysinwhichtheterm

“Black"carriedconnotations（涵義）thatweremorenegativethanthoseof"African

American^^.

Butifitwasknownthat“Black“peoplewerevieweddifferentlyfrom"African

Americans”,researchers,untilnow,hadn*tidentifiedwhatthatgapinperceptioncamefrom.

Arecentstudy,conductedbyEmoryUniversity'sErikaHall,foundthat“Black”peopleare

viewedmorenegativelythan''AfricanAmericans“becauseofaperceiveddifferencein

socioeconomicstatus.Asaresult,“Black"peoplearethoughtofaslesscompetentandas

havingcolderpersonalities.

Thestudy'smoststrikingfindingsshedlightontheracialdiscriminationspermeatingthe

professionalworld.EvenseeminglyharmlessdetailsonaCV,itappears,cantapinto

recruiters'（招聘人員）discriminations.Ajobapplicationmightmentionaffiliations（關(guān)系）

withgroupssuchasthe''WisconsinAssociationofAfrican-AmericanLawyers^^orthe

''NationalBlackEmployeesAssociation”,thenamesofwhichapparentlyhaveconsequences,

andarealsobeyondtheirmembers*control.

Inoneofthestudy*sexperiments,subjectsweregivenabriefdescriptionofamanfrom

ChicagowiththelastnameWilliams.Toonegroup,hewasidentifiedas“AfHcan-American”,

andanotherwastoldhewas“Black”.Withlittleelsetogoon,theywereaskedtoestimateMr

Williams'salary,professionalstanding,andeducationalbackground.

The“AfHcarpAmerican“groupestimatedthatheearnedabout$37,000ayearandhada

two-yearcollegedegree.The"Black"group,ontheotherhand,puthissalaryatabout

S29,000,andguessedthathehadonly"some"collegeexperience.Nearlythree-quartersof

thefirstgroupguessedthatMrWilliamsworkedatamanageriallevel,whileonly38.5

percentofthesecondgroupthought

Halfsfindingssuggestthere'sanargumenttobemadeforelectingtouse"African

American^^,thoughonecan'thelpoutgetthesensethatit'sadecisionthatpapersover（掩蓋）

theurgencyofcontinuedprogress.Perhapsanewphraseisneeded,onethatcanbring

everyoneonebigstepclosertorealizingDuBois*original,idealistichope:"It'snotthename

-it'stheThingthatcounts.^^

10.WhydidJesseJacksonembracetheterm''AfricanAmerican,,forpeopleofAfrican

descent?

A.Itisfreefromracialbiases.

B.Itrepresentssocialprogress.

C.ItisintheinterestofcommonAmericans.

D.Itfollowsthestandardnamingpractice.

11.WhatdoErikaHalfsfindingsindicate?

A.Mostrecruitersareunabletocontroltheirracialbiases.

B.Racialbiasesarewidespreadintheprofessionalworld.

C.Manyapplicantsdon*tattendtodetailsontheirresumes.

D.Jobseekersshouldallbecarefulabouttheiraffiliations.

12.WhatdoesErikaHallfindinherexperimentaboutamanwiththelastnameWilliams?

A.AfricanAmericansfarebetterthanmanyotherethnicgroups.

B.Blackpeople'ssocioeconomicstatusinAmericaremainslow.

C.People'sconceptionofapersonhasmuchtodowiththewayheorsheislabeled.

D.One'sprofessionalstandingandincomearerelatedtotheireducationalbackground.

13.WhatisDr.DuBois'sideal?

A.AllAmericansenjoyequalrights.

B.Apersonisjudgedbytheirworth.

試卷笫4頁(yè)，共8頁(yè)

C.AnewtermiscreatedtoaddressAfricanAmericans.

D.Allethnicgroupssharethenation*scontinuedprogress.

C

（2021?全國(guó)高三月考）Youmaynotrealizeit,butwhenyoustareatyourpartners

eyes,there,sagoodchancethatyou'relookingatamodifiedreflectionofyourself.

Researchershavefoundthatpeoplechoosepartnerswhotendtobeofsimilarsize,shape,and

raceasthemselves...andtheymayevenhavefacialfeaturesincommon.

TakeLotGeelsfromAmsterdamandherAmericanhusband,BrockMosovsky,for

example.uWehavesimilarblondehairandblueeyes,“saysLot."Neitherofusisverytall.

We'rebothbuiltathleticallyandwe'rebothmainlyofEuropeanorigin.

Evenifyoudon*tlooklikeyourpartner,youlikelysharenonphysicalcharacteristics,

accordingtoagrowingfieldofresearch,likeeducationlevel,socioeconomicstatus,religion,

personalityfeatures,andevencorevalues.

LotandBrockfallintothistypeaswell.44WebothhavePhDsandworkinresearch,she

says."Webothliveanactivelifestyle,mainlyrockclimbingandskiing.Ourworldviewsare

prettysimi-lar,andwe'rebothhard-working,socialandfriendlypeople.^^

Researchershavebeenstudyingthephenomenonofpeoplewithsimilaritiespairing

up-knownaspositiveassortativecoupling-fordecades.Ifyou'resurethat"opposites

attract”,youmaybesurprisedbyresearchfindings,whichprovethatlikeattractslike.

However,ifyoubelievethat“l(fā)ikesattract”,youprobablyunderstandwhypeoplesurprisingly

seeklifepartnerswhoremindthem,onsomecomfortinglevel,ofthemselves.

“There'sanelementofpredictabilitywhenyoudatesomebodyofasimilarbackground,,,

saysTyTashiro,theauthorofTheScienceofHappilyEverAfter.''They^elessthreatening,

lessscary.They'llbemoreofafamiliarpersonfromthestart.Familiarityissomethingwe

findattractive.^^

14.WhatcanweinferaboutLotandBrock?

A.Theyhavethesamehairandeyes.B.Theybothcomefromwealthyfamilies.

C.Theyareattractedbyeachother'ssimilarities.D.Theybothhavethesamecultural

background.

15.Whichofthefollowingisclosetotheunderlinedexpression"positiveassortative^^?

A.Ofthepreferredtype.B.Ofthedifferenttype.

C.Ofthesimilartype.D.Oftheoriginaltype.

16.WhydopeopletrytofindsimilarpeopleaspartnersaccordingtoTyTashiro?

A.Theyarecomfortabletostaywith.B.Theyaremorethreateningandscarier.

C.Theycandevelopthesamehobbiesandinterests.D.Theyhavethesamestatusandback

ground.

17.Whatmessagedoestheauthortrytoconvey?

A.Loveme,lovemydog.B.Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.

C.Agoodwifemakesagoodhusband.D.Absencemakestheheartgrowfonder.

三、語(yǔ)法填空

(2020?上海市實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校高三月考)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillinthe

blankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagiven

word,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useone

wordthatbestfitseachblank.

Countriesarebeginningtoemergefromeconomiclockdown.Astheydo,thestatistics

show18.differentpartsofthepopulationhavebeenaffectedbythepandemic.Andthe

evidenceisclearthatthevirushaswideneddividesbetweenprofessionals,low-paidworkers

andtheyoung.

19.(start)withthemostfortunate.Manyprofessionalscaneasilyworkathome,

replacingone-to-onemeetingswithphonecallsandgroupmeetingswithZoomgatheringsor

Googlehangouts.These“Zoomers“aremostlyworkingonfullpayand20.(spare)thedaily

commute.Forthem,thelockdownmaybeaninconvenience(particularlyiftheyhave

children)butitisnotathreattotheirstandardsofliving.

Formanyothers,however,thepandemicisaseriousthreat.Somearekeyworkers,who

21.attendtheirjobsandareatmoreriskfromthevirus.Otherscannotworkfromhomeand

haveeitherlosttheirjobsorseentheirincomescut,22.helpfromgovernmentschemes.

ManyinthisgroupwerealreadyinaweakerpositionthantheZoomers,becausetheywerein

jobswithlowerwagesorlesssecurity.

Afurthercluetothelossonthelow-paidcamefromthelatestAmericannon-farm

payrollfigures,23.findingsshowedthataveragehourlyearningsroseby4.7%inApril,the

biggestmonthlygainonrecord.Thatsoundslikegoodnewsbutisn't.Itistheresultof

low-wageworkerslosingjobsinsectorslikehospitality.Thesametrendcanbeseenin

Britain,wheretheaveragewageofthoseinshut-downsectorsislessthanhalfof

24.workingathome,accordingtotheResolutionFoundation.

試卷第6頁(yè)，共8頁(yè)

Themortalityratesmakeevengrimmernews.Thelow-paid(andethnicminorities)have

sufferedmost.FiguresfromBritain'sOfficeforNationalStatisticsshowedthatdeathratesof

securityguards,careworkersandbusdriversweremuchhigherthanaverage,25.thosein

"professionaloccupations^^haddeathrateswellbelowthemean.

Anothergreatdivideisbetweenthosealreadyestablishedintheworkforceand

GenerationZ-thoseborninthelate1990sandearly2000swhoarenowcomingofage.They

areenteringajobmarketextremelyhostile(有敵意的)totheirprospects.Around30%of

Britishemployees26.(age)under25workedinoneoftheshut-downsectors,accordingto

theInstituteforFiscalStudies,anotherthink-tank,comparedwith13%ofthoseagedover

25.

Theshort-termshockofthepandemicwillleavelong-termscars.TheResolution

Foundationestimatesthatthepandemicmeansthoseemergingfromeducationthisyearwill

be27.(likely)tohavejobswithinthreeyears*time.Thelikelihoodofbeinginemployment

wouldfallby13%forgraduatesand37%forthosewiththefewestqualifications.

四、書(shū)面表達(dá)

為了實(shí)施素質(zhì)教育，你校決定自本學(xué)期起：

1.周末實(shí)行雙休，不上課：2.每天的家庭作業(yè)量嚴(yán)格控制在一個(gè)半小時(shí)之內(nèi)。

這一決定在學(xué)生、教師和家長(zhǎng)中引起了較大的反響。假設(shè)你是該校一名學(xué)生，請(qǐng)給《英

語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)報(bào)》寫(xiě)一篇有關(guān)這場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)論的報(bào)道，并陳述自己的看法。短文應(yīng)包括下表中的內(nèi)容。

贊成的理由反對(duì)的理由

有利于培養(yǎng)學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí)能力有些學(xué)生不能用好業(yè)余時(shí)間（例如上網(wǎng)吧）

有益孩子的身心健康家庭作業(yè)少，影響孩子得高分，孩子很難考上重點(diǎn)大學(xué)

你的看法：1…….2.……（至少兩點(diǎn)，內(nèi)容自己發(fā)揮）

要求：1.對(duì)所給要點(diǎn)不要簡(jiǎn)單翻譯，要適當(dāng)發(fā)揮；

2.詞數(shù)150左右。文章開(kāi)頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

3.參考詞匯：身心健康physicalandmentalhealth

Inordertopushaheadwithquality-orientededucation,ourschoolhasmadethefollowing

decisions:

(1)Studentshaveatwo-dayweekendeveryweek.

(2)Homeworkislimitedtooneandahalfhourseveryday.

Thisdecision,whichcomesintoforceterm,hascausedaheatedargument」

試卷第8頁(yè)，共8頁(yè)

參考答案

一、七選五

FGEBD

【大意】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。作者介紹了電影中植入式廣告及其影響。

1.根據(jù)上文“HaveyoueverwonderedwhysomemoviecharactersdrinkCokeandothersdrink

Pepsi?（你有沒(méi)有想過(guò)為什么有些電影人物喝可口可樂(lè)，有些人喝百事可樂(lè)？）”及下文“Or

whyaTVshowactorcallshisfriendsonaSamsungcellphone?Orevenwhythecharactersin

yourvideogamedriveChryslercars?（或者為什么一個(gè)電視演員用三星手機(jī)給朋友打電話?）“

可知，作者以問(wèn)句形式在列舉電影中品牌廣告植入的例子，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)也是疑問(wèn)句形式舉例了電影

中蘋(píng)果電腦廣告植入，契合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選F項(xiàng)。

2.根據(jù)上一句"No,itisprobablynotthattheyactuallylikethoseproducts.（不，真實(shí)情況可能

不是他們真的喜歡這些產(chǎn)品）“，G項(xiàng)表明電影中角色使用這些品牌產(chǎn)品的真正原因是在打廣

告，并提出了productplacement這個(gè)概念，下一段就是更詳細(xì)地介紹廣告植入。G項(xiàng)契合上

下文語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)。

3.根據(jù)空后“Companieslikeitbecauseithelpsthemsellmoreproducts.（公司喜歡它,因?yàn)樗?/p>

幫助他們銷售更多的產(chǎn)品）“其中it指代E項(xiàng)中的productplacement,E項(xiàng)表示植入式廣告帶

來(lái)巨大利益，所以大公司喜歡它。故選E項(xiàng)。

4.上文“Afewweeksafterthemoviewasreleased,thesalesofReese'sPiecesincreasedby

65%.（電影上映幾周后，里斯巧克力的銷量增長(zhǎng)了65%）舉例一家糖果公司因電影中植入廣告

獲取了頗豐的收益，B項(xiàng)表示這樣的例子還有另一部電影，空后又是寶馬公司在電影中讓演

員開(kāi)寶馬車，從而寶馬車銷量大增，JamesBond也前后呼應(yīng)。故B項(xiàng)。

5.前面三段介紹了電影中植入式廣告為商家?guī)?lái)利益，由空后“Peopleclaimittrickspeople

intowatchingadvertisementsunknowingly.（人們聲稱它欺騙人們?cè)诓恢榈那闆r下看廣告）“可

知，最后一段在介紹植入式廣告的負(fù)面影響，受到觀眾的指責(zé)。故選D項(xiàng)。

二、閱讀理解

A篇：ABAB

【大意】這是一篇議論文。作者闡述應(yīng)該允許克隆技術(shù)在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域尤其醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域的使用。

6.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文“andcouldn,thavemorechildren.（他們不能再生更多的孩子了）''可

知I,該劃線詞意思應(yīng)該是不能生孩子，不育的。故選A項(xiàng)。

7.

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段末句"Thefollowingaresomeofthereasonswhycloningshouldbe

allowed.（以下是為什么克隆應(yīng)該被允許的一些原因）”及接下來(lái)第三段首句“Throughcloning,

researchcanprogress.（通過(guò)克隆，研究才能進(jìn)步）”第四段首句"Cloningorgansfororgan

transplants（移植）isoneofthemajorpracticalreasonsthatcloningshouldbeallowed.（為器官移

植而克隆器官是應(yīng)該允許克隆的主要現(xiàn)實(shí)原因之一）''第五段首句“Rejuvenation（恢復(fù)青春）is

alsoakeyargumentforadvocatesofck）ning.（恢復(fù)青春也是支持克隆的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵論據(jù)）”可知，

作者在第三至五段列舉了三個(gè)支持克隆技術(shù)應(yīng)用的理由。故選B項(xiàng)。

8.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"Itishardtotellsomeonethattheycannotusecloningtohave

childrenwhennootherpossiblewaystohavechildrenareavailable.Thisisonereasonwhyitis

difficulttodecidewhethercloningismoralornot.（在沒(méi)有其他生育方法的情況下，很難告訴別

人他們不能通過(guò)克隆來(lái)生育孩子。這就是為什么很難決定克隆是否道德的原因之一）”可知，

目前使用克隆技術(shù)為不能生育的夫婦克隆孩子還不能說(shuō)是符合道德和倫理的。故A項(xiàng)內(nèi)容

表述與原文內(nèi)容不符。故選A項(xiàng)。

9.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段末句“Thefollowingaresomeofthereasonswhycloningshouldbe

allowed.（以下是為什么克隆應(yīng)該被允許的一些原因）”及接下來(lái)第三段首句“Throughcloning,

researchcanprogress.（通過(guò)克隆，研究才能進(jìn)步）“第四段首句"Cloningorgansfororgan

transplants（移植）isoneofthemajorpracticalreasonsthatcloningshouldbeallowed.（為器官移

植而克隆器官是應(yīng)該允許克隆的主要現(xiàn)實(shí)原因之一）”第五段首句“Rejuvenation（恢復(fù)青春）is

alsoakeyargumentforadvocatesofcloning.（恢復(fù)青春也是支持克隆的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵論據(jù)）“可知，

作者對(duì)克隆人類技術(shù)的使用是持支持態(tài)度的，并列舉了自己的論據(jù)。故選B項(xiàng)。

B篇：ADCA

【大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了“黑人”和“非裔美國(guó)人”被看待的方式不同的表現(xiàn)。

10.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thisonewaschosenbecauseitechoedthelabelsofgroups,suchas

"ItalianAmericans^^and"IrishAmericans”,thathadalreadybeenfreedofwidespread

discrimination.（之所以選擇這個(gè)詞，是因?yàn)樗魬?yīng)了一些群體的標(biāo)簽，如“意大利裔美國(guó)人”

和“愛(ài)爾蘭裔美國(guó)人”，這些群體已經(jīng)擺脫了廣泛的歧視”可知，杰西?杰克遜用“非裔美國(guó)

人''這個(gè)詞來(lái)指代非洲裔美國(guó)人是因?yàn)樗鼪](méi)有種族偏見(jiàn)。故選Ao

11.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Ajobapplicationmightmentionaffiliations（關(guān)系）withgroups

suchasthe“WisconsinAssociationofAfrican-AmericanLawyers^^orthe“NationalBlack

EmployeesAssociation"，thenamesofwhichapparentlyhaveconsequences,andarealsobeyond

theirmembers'control.（工作申請(qǐng)中可能會(huì)提到與“威斯康辛非洲裔律師協(xié)會(huì)”或“全國(guó)黑人雇

員協(xié)會(huì)”等組織的關(guān)系，這些組織的名字顯然會(huì)產(chǎn)生影響，而且這些組織的成員也無(wú)法控

制。）”可知，艾瑞卡?霍爾的發(fā)現(xiàn)說(shuō)明了求職者都應(yīng)該小心他們的關(guān)系。故選D。

12.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Toonegroup,hewasidentifiedas''African-American'',and

anotherwastoldhewas“Black”.Withlittleelsetogoon,theywereaskedtoestimateMr

Williams'salary,professionalstanding,andeducationalbackground.（對(duì)一組人來(lái)說(shuō)，他被認(rèn)定

為“非裔美國(guó)人”，而對(duì)另一組人則被告知他是“黑人在沒(méi)有其他證據(jù)的情況下，他們被要

求估算威廉姆斯先生的薪水、職業(yè)地位和教育背景。）“可知，艾瑞卡?霍爾在她對(duì)一個(gè)姓威

廉姆斯的男人的實(shí)驗(yàn)中發(fā)現(xiàn)了人們對(duì)一個(gè)人的看法與他或她被貼上的標(biāo)簽有很大關(guān)系。故選

Co

13.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Perhapsanewphraseisneeded,onethatcanbringeveryoneone

bigstepclosertorealizingDuBois'original,idealistichope:"It'snotthename-it'stheThingthat

counts/5（也許我們需要一個(gè)新的短語(yǔ)，一個(gè)可以讓每個(gè)人離實(shí)現(xiàn)杜波依斯最初的理想主義

希望更近一步的短語(yǔ):“重要的不是名字，而是事情本身?！埃笨赏茢啵挪ㄒ浪共┦康睦硐?/p>

是所有美國(guó)人都享有平等的權(quán)利。故選A。

C篇：CCAB

【大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章說(shuō)明了人們?cè)谶x擇伴侶時(shí)會(huì)傾向于尋找與自己有諸多共同

點(diǎn)的人這一現(xiàn)象。

14.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Youmaynotrealizeit,butwhenyoustareatyourpartner'seyes,

there'sagoodchancethatyou'relookingatamodifiedreflectionofyourself.Researchershave

foundthatpeoplechoosepartnerswhotendtobeofsimilarsize,shape,andraceasthemselves...

andtheymayevenhavefacialfeaturesincommon.（你可能沒(méi)有意識(shí)至U，但當(dāng)你盯著伴侶的眼睛

時(shí)，很有可能你看到的是修改過(guò)的自己的倒影。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們選擇的伴侶往往與自己

的尺碼、體型和種族相似……他們甚至可能有共同的面部特征）”;第二段“TakeLotGeelsfrom

AmsterdamandherAmericanhusband,BrockMosovsky,forexample.**Wehavesimilarblonde

hairandblueeyes,5'saysLot."Neitherofusisverytall.We'rebothbuiltathleticallyandwe're

bothmainlyofEuropeanorigin.（以阿姆斯特丹的LotGeels和她的美國(guó)丈夫BrockMosovsky

為例。“我們有相似的金發(fā)和藍(lán)眼睛，"Lot說(shuō)，“我們兩個(gè)都不是很高。我們都是運(yùn)動(dòng)員，

我們都是歐洲血統(tǒng)）“可推知，Lot和Brock這對(duì)夫婦是因?yàn)楸舜说南嗨浦幎幌嗷ノ摹?/p>

故選C。

15.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞上文“Researchershavebeenstudyingthephenomenonofpeople

withsimilaritiespairingup”（幾十年來(lái)，研究人員一直在研究相似人配對(duì)的現(xiàn)象，）即積極選

型配對(duì)。故positiveassortativecoupling即是指的similaritiespairingup,畫(huà)線詞意思是“相似

類型的“。故選C。

16.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中"They'relessthreatening,lessscary.They'llbemoreofa

familiarpersonfromthestart.Familiarityissomethingwefindattractive.（它們沒(méi)有那么可怕,那

么嚇人。從一開(kāi)始他們就會(huì)更熟悉。熟悉是我們覺(jué)得有吸引力的東西）“可知，人們會(huì)試圖

尋找相似的人作為伴侶是因?yàn)楹退麄冊(cè)谝黄鸷苁娣?。故選Ao

17.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Youmaynotrealizeit,butwhenyoustareatyourpartner'seyes,

there'sagoodchancethatyou'relookingatamodifiedreflectionofyourself.Researchershave

foundthatpeoplechoosepartnerswhotendtobeofsimilarsize,shape,andraceasthemselves...

andtheymayevenhavefacialfeaturesincommon.（你可能沒(méi)有意識(shí)到，但當(dāng)你盯著伴侶的眼睛

時(shí)，很有可能你看到的是修改過(guò)的自己的倒影。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們選擇的伴侶往往與自己

的尺碼、體型和種族相似……他們甚至可能有共同的面部特征）“結(jié)合文章說(shuō)明了人們?cè)谶x擇

伴侶時(shí)會(huì)傾向于尋找與自己有諸多共同點(diǎn)的人這一現(xiàn)象。可推知，作者想要傳達(dá)的信息是“物

以類聚，人以群分故選B。

三、語(yǔ)法填空

18.how19.Start20.arebeingspared21.haveto22.despite

23.whose24.those25.whi