20202021學年度上學期東營天立學校高三年級1月調研金考卷（二）時間：100分鐘分數(shù)：150分第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有1。秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhatdoesKatedecidetodonext?A.Callherdad.B.Gobackhome.C.Catchthebus.2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Gettingairtickets.B.Makingaholidayplan.C.SeeingtheChristmasshow.3.Whatdoesthemanwanttoputonthecake?A.Somechocolate.B.Somestrawberries.C.Someicecream.4.Whywillthewomangototheuniversity?A.Totakeaclass.B.Tomeetsomefriends.C.Togoforawalkonthecampus.5.Whoseadvicedidthewomanfollow?A.Hermother's.B.Theshopassistant's.C.Hersister's.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各個小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WithwhomdidHenryvisitthezoo?A.Hisfamily.B.Hisfriends.C.Hisresearchteam.7.HowoldisHenrynow?A.28yearsold.B.38yearsold.C.48yearsold.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhyisSteveunwillingtoshoponSaturday?A.Hehastogotowork.B.Hewantstorelaxathome.C.Hewillattendabirthdayparty.9.Whatdoesthewomanwanttobuy?A.Someclothes.B.Anecklace.C.Abirthdaypresent.10.Whichstoredoesthemanwanttogoto?A.Thebutcher'sshop.B.Thejewelryshop.C.Theclothesshop.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatisthewomanlookingfor?A.Afridge.B.Atoy.C.Aspecialgift.12.Whatdoesthewomandislikeabouttheredone?A.Itsprice.B.Itsquality.C.Itscolor.13.Howmuchdoesthewomanneedtopay?A.$80.B.$320.C.8400.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whichtypeofacmodationdoesthemanchoose?A.Hallsofresidence.B.Collegerentacmodation.C.Selfcateringacmodation.15.Wherewillthemanprobablylive?A.Intheresidencehall.B.At10PalmStreet.C.AtWillianRoad.16.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Moveinthismonth.B.Makeanearlyapplication.C.Preparefortheinggraduation.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhatwasCamilleRobertsinterestedinasachild?A.Medicalresearch.B.Doctors9life.C.Teaching.18.WhatdidRoberts9parentsteachher?AThevalueofahighpayingjob.B.Thebenefitsofgoodeducation.C.Theimportanceofhelpingothers.19.WhendidRobertsgraduatefromuniversity?A.In2013.B.In2017.C.In2018.20.WheredoesRobertsworknow?A.Ataresearchcenter.B.Atahospital.C.Ataschool.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AOutlookFeaturingthesame6.1inchdisplaysizeastheiPhone11andiPhoneXRbeforeit,iPhone12ismakingthetransitionfromanLCDscreentoOLED.Withflataluminum（鋁）sidesforanoveralllook,itmorecloselymatchestheiPadProandiPadAir.Asidefromtheflatsides,iPhone12stilllargelyresemblestheiPhone11.Aroundback,ithastwocamerashousedinaglasscircle,whichmakesforanicecontrastwiththerestofthesmoothbackpanel.Toavoidbeingbrokenorcrackedwhendropped,iPhone12iscoveredwithwhatAppledescribesasa"ceramic（陶瓷）shield”.CameraTheiPhone12hasa12megapixelf/1.6maincamera—thefastestaperture（光圈）inanyiPhoneyet.Thelowlightperformancehasimproved,anditsadvancementsinputationalphotographytomaximizedetailanddynamicrangehasalsobeenachieved.ThefrontcameraontheiPhone12isgainingNightMode,aswell.ProcessoriPhone12ispoweredbythepany'snewA14Bionicprocessor,whichisthefirstsmartphonechipbuiltona5nmprocess,leadingtoimprovedperformanceandefficiency.It'sclaimedthattheprocessorisupto50percentfasterthantheleadingchipsinAndroidsmartphones.WirelessChargingToimprovewirelesschargingontheiPhone12,itcontainsa“MagSafe“systemwithbuiltinmagnetstoguaranteethattheiPhone12properlylinesupwiththeMagSafeaccessories（配件）.1.WhatisthesizeofiPhone12?A.About6.1inchasthatofiPhoneMax.B.ThesamesizeasiPadPro.C.BiggerthanthatofiPhone11.D.AsbigasiPhone11.2.What'sthefunctionofthe"MagSafe"system?A.TocarryoutthewiredchargingofiPhone12.B.ToperfectlymatchtheiPadProandiPadAir.C.TomakesuretheiPhone12isrightfortheMagSafeaccessories.D.Toprocesstheinformationinamorerapidway.3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutiPhone12?A.Thereareonlytwocamerasplacedseparatelyinfrontandback.B.ItispoweredbyA14BionicprocessorusedinAndroidsmartphones.C.AllcamerasofiPhone12havetheNightMode.D.Aceramicshieldhelpsprotectagainstbreakingandcracking.4.Whatwouldbethetitleofthepassage?A.iPhone11 B.iPadPro. C.iPadAir. D.iPhone12.【答案】1.D2.C3.D4.D【解析】這是一篇應用文。文章介紹了iPhone12的外觀、相機、處理和無線充電等情況?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“Featuringthesame6.1inchdisplaysizeastheiPhone11andiPhoneXRbeforeit,iPhone12ismakingthetransitionfromanLCDscreentoOLED.”（iPhone12擁有與之前的iPhone11和iPhoneXR相同的6.1英寸顯示屏尺寸，正在從LCD屏幕過渡到OLED。）可知iPhone12的尺寸和iPhone11一樣大，都是6.1英寸。故選D項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由最后一段“ToimprovewirelesschargingontheiPhone12,itcontainsa“MagSafe“systemwithbuiltinmagnetstoguaranteethattheiPhone12properlylinesupwiththeMagSafeaccessories（配件）.”（為了改進iphone12的無線充電，它包含一個內置磁鐵的“MagSafe”系統(tǒng)，以保證iphone12與MagSafe配件相匹配。），可知“MagSafe”系統(tǒng)能確保iphone12可以匹配MagSafe配件。故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“Toavoidbeingbrokenorcrackedwhendropped,iPhone12iscoveredwithwhatAppledescribesasa"ceramic（陶瓷）shield”.”（當iPhone12掉落時，為了避免摔壞或摔裂，iphone12覆蓋了一層被蘋果稱為“陶瓷防護罩”的材料。），可知iPhone12的陶瓷護罩有助于防止斷裂和開裂。故選D項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。第一段講“iPhone12的外觀”，第二段講“iPhone12的相機”，第三段講“iPhone12的處理器”，第四段講“iPhone12的無線充電”，全文是對iPhone12的介紹，D項“iPhone12”為短文最佳標題。故選D項。BMyfavoritenovelisAlbertCamus'sThePlague（鼠疫）.Itwaspublishedin1947,afterWordWarII.Onthesurface,it'sastoryaboutanAlgeriancoastaltownthreatenedbyamysteriousplague.Butthesymbolicideaworksontheconcretepresentationofametaphysical（形而上學的）problem,whichisthecruelfactofsuffering.Liketheplague,it'sjustathingthathappensintheworldwhetherwewantittoornot.Camus'snovelasksifwecanthinkofsufferingnotasanindividualburdenbutasasharedexperience—andmaybeturnitintosomethingpositive.Thekeyistorecognizetheuniversalityofsuffering.Aplagueisanextraordinaryeventandthehorroritresultsinisextraordinary,too.Butsufferingisanythingbutextraordinary.Everydayyouleavethehouse,somethingterriblecouldhappen.Thesameistrueforall.Allofusarcsubjecttoforcesoverwhichwehavenocontrol.Apandemic（大流行?。ゝorcesustothinkaboutourresponsibilitiestothepeoplearoundus.TheheroofThePlagueisamitteddoctornamedRieux.Fromtheverybeginning,Rieuxdevoteshimselftoresistingtheplaguethatuniteditsvictims.Eachcharacterinthestoryisdefined（刻畫）bywhattheydowhentheplaguees.Nooneescapesit,butthosewhoreducethesufferingofothersarethemostfulfilled.Theonlyvillainsarethosewhocannotseebeyondthemselves.Theplague,forthesepeople,iseitheranexcusetofleeoranopportunitytomakeprofits.Becausetheycan'tseethattheirconditionisshared,aspiritofunityispletelyforeigntothem.Andthatblindnessmakesmunityimpossible.AttheveryendofThePlague,Camusstatedhisphilosophythatthestruggleagainstsufferingisneveroverforgood.Theplaguewillreturn,andsowilleverythingelsethatupsetshumans.Butthepointofthebookisthatasharedstruggleiswhatmakesmunitypossibleinthefirstplace.Apandemic,terriblethoughitis,highlightsourmutualinterdependenceinawaythatonlytragedycan.ThebeautyofThePlagueisthatitasksthereadertomapthelessonsofthepandemicontoeverydaylife.Theprinciplesthatdrivethehero,Rieux,arethesameprinciplesthatmakeeverysocietyworthwhile—understanding,loveandunity.Ifwelearntheselessons,inamomentofcrisis,we'llallbebetteroffontheothersideofit.5.WhatisthesymbolicideaofThePlague?A.Anindividualburden. B.Apositiveexperience.C.Auniversalsuffering. D.Anextraordinaryevent.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean?A.Theblind. B.Businessmen. C.Foreignvictims. D.Wrongdoers.7.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Tointroduceabook. B.Tosolveasocialproblem.C.Torememberawriter. D.Toexpressanopinion.【答案】5.C6.D7.D【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者介紹了自己最喜歡的《鼠疫》這本書以及由這本書引起的一些感想?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段“Butthesymbolicideaworksontheconcretepresentationofametaphysical(形而上學的)problem,whichisthecruelfactofsuffering.”（但是，象征主義的理念是建立在一個形而上學問題的具體表現(xiàn)之上的，這個問題就是痛苦的殘酷事實。）可知，《鼠疫》的象征意義是一種普遍的痛苦。故選C項。

【6題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞所在句下文“Theplague,forthesepeople,iseitheranexcusetofleeoranopportunitytomakeprofits.Becausetheycan'tseethattheirconditionisshared,aspiritofunityispletelyforeigntothem.Andthatblindnessmakesmunityimpossible.(瘟疫，對于這些人來說，要么是逃跑的借口，要么是賺錢的機會。因為他們看不到他們的處境是共同的，團結的精神對他們來說是完全陌生的。)”此處those指代villains，這些人的品行很壞，由此可推知villains指的是“做壞事的人、惡人”，故選D項。

【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第六段“Apandemic,terriblethoughitis,highlightsourmutualinterdependenceinawaythatonlytragedycan.ThebeautyofThePlagueisthatitasksthereadertomapthelessonsofthepandemicontoeverydaylife.Theprinciplesthatdrivethehero,Rieux,arethesameprinciplesthatmakeeverysocietyworthwhile—understanding,loveandunity.”（盡管大流行病很可怕，但它以只有悲劇才能做到的方式突顯了我們的相互依存。鼠疫的美妙之處在于，它要求讀者將瘟疫的教訓映射到日常生活中。激勵英雄里厄的原則和讓每個社會都有價值的原則是一樣的——理解、愛和團結。)”和文章最后一段“Ifwelearntheselessons,inamomentofcrisis,we'llallbebetteroffontheothersideofit.”（如果我們在危機時刻吸取了這些教訓，我們在危機的另一邊都會過得更好。）”可推知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是為了表達“我們應該考慮團結而不是個人利益”這樣一個觀點。故選D項。

CAnewstudysuggestsEarthcouldhavelostupto60percentofitsatmosphereinthecollisionofspaceobjectsthatcreatedthemoon.Mostscientistsbelievethiseventhappenedabout4billionyearsagowhenEarthwasstilldeveloping.Theythinkamassiveobject,possiblythesizeoftheplanetMars,hittheEarth,sendingvaporizedparticles（顆粒）intospace.Gravityisbelievedtohavebroughttheseparticlestogethertoformthemoon.ThestudypresentsevidencethatthiscollisionmighthavecausedEarthtolosebetween10to60percentoftheatmosphereithad.AreportonthestudyappearedinthepublicationAstrophysicalJournalLetters.Theresearchers‘impactassumptionisoneofthreeleadingtheoriesofhowthemoonwasformed.TheotherssuggestthemoonwaseithercreatedatthesametimeasEarth,orthatitwascapturedbyEarth'sgravitationalfieldasittraveledthroughspace.Theresearchersdecidedtoexplorehowmassivecollisionsofobjectsaffectedrockyplanetswiththinatmospheres.Todothis,theycarriedoutmorethan300“superputersimulations（模擬）Theexperimentconsideredthepositionsatwhichtheobjectshittheplanet,thespeedoftheimpacts,aswellasthesizeandmassofthecollidingobjects.Earlierresearchsuggestedthatimpactcollisionsduringthelatterstagesoftheformationofaplanetcanaffectitsatmosphere.Theputermodelsinthisstudyexpandedonthisidea.TheyshowedthatacollisionliketheonethatmayhaveformedthemoonlikelytookalargepartofEarth'satmosphere.8.Whatdomostscientistsbelieve?A.Earthhaslostitsatmosphereinthecollision.B.Themoonwascreatedinthecollisionofspaceobjects.C.TheplanetMarshitEarthabout4billionyearsago.D.Thecollisionofspaceobjectscausedtheatmospheretoincrease.9.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A.ThecollisionofEarthandthemoonaffectedgravity.B.TheatmosphereonEarthisthecauseofthecollision.C.ScientistsholddifferentpointsonhowthemoonwasformedD.Anagreementontheformationofthemoonhasbeenreached.10.Whatdoesthepassagetalkabout?A.Theprocessofthemoon'sbeingformed.B.Theheateddebateamongdifferentscientists.C.Thesuperputerexperimentofplanets’collision.D.ThecollisionofspaceobjectsaffectedEarth'satmosphere.11.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toinform. B.Topersuade. C.Todebate. D.Towarn.【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。本文講述一項新的研究顯示地球在與其它星體碰撞而產生月球的過程中已經失去了60%的大氣層。【8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一自然段第三句話“Theythinkamassiveobject,possiblythesizeoftheplanetMars,hittheEarth,sendingvaporizedparticles(顆粒)intospace.”他們認為一個巨大的物體，可能有火星那么大，撞擊地球，將蒸發(fā)的粒子送入太空。及第四句話“Gravityisbelievedtohavebroughttheseparticlestogethertoformthemoon.”可知，據信是引力把這些粒子聚集在一起形成了月球。所以科學家相信地球與一個尺寸與火星相當?shù)奈矬w碰撞從而形成了月球。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二自然段第三句“Theresearchers’impactassumptionisoneofthreeleadingtheoriesofhowthemoonwasformed.”研究人員的撞擊假設是月球形成的三個主要理論之一?？芍?，對于月球是如何形成的有三種主要的理論，即科學家們對月球是如何形成的持不同觀點。故選C?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文尤其是根據第一自然第一句話“AnewstudysuggestsEarthcouldhavelostupto60percentofitsatmosphereinthecollisionofspaceobjectsthatcreatedthemoon.”及通讀全文可知，一項新的研究表明，在創(chuàng)造月球的太空物體的碰撞中，地球可能失去了高達60%的大氣層。根據第二段“thestudypresentsevidencethatthiscollisionmighthavecausedEarthtolosebetween10to60percentoftheatmosphereithad.”這項研究提供了證據表明，這次碰撞可能導致地球失去了10%到60%的大氣層。根據第三段“TheyshowedthatacollisionliketheonethatmayhaveformedthemoonlikelytookalargepartofEarth'satmosphere.”他們表明，可能形成月球的那次碰撞很可能帶走了地球大氣層的很大一部分。所以短文主要是關于太空物體的碰撞影響了地球的大氣層。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文尤其是根據第一自然第一句話“AnewstudysuggestsEarthcouldhavelostupto60percentofitsatmosphereinthecollisionofspaceobjectsthatcreatedthemoon.”及通讀全文可知，一項新的研究表明，在創(chuàng)造月球的太空物體的碰撞中，地球可能失去了高達60%的大氣層。由此判斷出，短文的目的是告之讀者一項新的研究。故選A項。DVisitorstoRomecannowseeoneofthemostimportantprivatecollectionsofancientGreekandRomanmarblesculptures.The90worksfromtheTorloniaCollectionopenedthisweekinthenewlyrebuiltPalazzoCaffarelli,overlookingtheRomanForum.AmongtheworksisamarblefountainthatwasmadeinancientGreece.ExpertsonancientRomebelievethefountainoncestoodinthegardenofthegeneralandstatesmanJuliusCaesar.Atthetime,itwasalreadyhundredsofyearsold.The620pieceTorloniacollectionisbelievedtobethegreatestprivatecollectionofclassicalartintheworld.ItwasstartedmorethanacenturyagobyPrinceAlessandroTorlonia.Hefoundmanyofthepiecesonthegroundsofhisfamily'sRomanproperties.WealthyfromabusinessrelationshipwiththeVatican,thefamilypurchasedotherwellknownsculpturecollections.In1884,thePrincebuilthisownmuseumtoshowoffhiscollection.Whenthemuseumclosedin1976,thepieceswentintostorage.“Thereappearanceofsuchacollectionisaveryimportantevent,saidarthistorianSalvatoreSettis.“WhenIsawthemforthefirsttime,itwasveryemotional,becauseIknewmostofthosepiecesfrombooks,butIhadneverseenthem."TheTorloniafamilychoseSettistohelpwiththedifficultjobofdecidingwhichworksshouldbeshowntothepublic.12.WhatcantouriststoRomeseethisweek?A.Allkindsofantiquesofgreatsignificance. B.Somewellknownstatuescarvedbywood.C.The90ancientAsianworkscollectedprivately. D.AmarblefountainfromJuliusCaesar'sgarden.13.WhatcanweknowaboutTorloniacollection?A.Itwasexhibitedtothepubicinthe18thcentury.B.Theworkshavebeeninstorageformorethan40years.C.TorloniaandhisbusinesspartnerVaticanbeganittogether.D.Itisconsideredasthegreatestprivatecollectionintheworld.14.HowdidSalvatoreSettisthinkaboutthereappearanceofthecollection?A.Disgusting. B.Thrilling. C.Promising. D.Meaningless.15.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheExhibition,aReturningWonderB.PrinceTotlonia,aGreatandWealthyCollectorC.TorloniaCollection,aBrilliantContributiontoHistoryD.MarbleSculptures,abinationofImaginationandCreation【答案】12.D13.B14.B15.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹來自托洛尼亞家族的90件收藏品即將亮相羅馬?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一自然段第三句話“AmongtheworksisamarblefountainthatwasmadeinancientGreece.（其中一件作品是古希臘的大理石噴泉。）”可知，亮相的收藏品中有一個古希臘時的大理石噴泉。故選D?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二自然段最后一句話“Whenthemuseumclosedin1976,thepieceswentintostorage.（1976年博物館閉館后，這些藏品被收納。）”可知，當博物館在1976年關閉以后，這些收藏品就被保存起來。距今已有40多年了。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一個自然段第二句話“WhenIsawthemforthefirsttimeitwasveryemotionalbecauseIknewmostofthosepiecesfrombooks,butIhadneverseenthem.（當我第一次看到它們的時候，我非常激動，因為我從書中了解這些作品，但我從來沒有見過它們。）”可知，塞爾瓦托·塞蒂斯覺得這些收藏品的重現(xiàn)是令人激動的。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。本文介紹了羅馬將展出托洛尼亞收藏品，能夠讓藏品重現(xiàn)，這體現(xiàn)了對這些收藏品的重現(xiàn)，可稱為一個回歸的奇跡。故選A?！军c睛】細節(jié)理解題主要考查考生對某句話或某幾句話的理解，同學們若能根據題干內容從原文中找到相關的句子，然后進行比較和分析，便可確定最佳答案。例如第1小題，根據第一自然段第三句話“AmongtheworksisamarblefountainthatwasmadeinancientGreece.（其中一件作品是古希臘的大理石噴泉。）”可知，亮相的收藏品中有一個古希臘時的大理石噴泉，故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2分，滿分10分）根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Everyonedesiresforsuccessandpeoplewilldowhatevertheycantoachievesuccess.Butseekingsuccessoverlymaycontributetobeingaddictedtoit.___16___Thoughitisn'taconventionalmedicaladdiction,formanypeoplesuccesshasaddictiveproperties.Toacertainextent,praisestimulatestheneurotransmitterdopamine,whichgetsinvolvedinalladdictivebehaviors.Thedesireforsuccessmaybeborntohumannature,butspecialnessdoesn'techeap.___17___In1980,thephysicianRobertGoldmanfoundthatmorethanhalfofambitiousathleteswouldbewillingtotakeadrugthatwouldkilltheminfiveyearsinexchangeforwinningeverypetitiontheyentered.___18___Thegoalcan'tbesatisfiedandmostpeopleneverfeel"successfulenough”.Thehighonlylastsadayortwoandthenit'sontothenextgoal.Satisfactionwearsoffalmostimmediately.Whatwewilldonextisthatwemustrunontothenextrewardtoavoidthefeelingoffallingbehind.___19___Butquittingisn'teasyforaddicts.Forpeoplewhoareaddictedtosuccess,withdrawalcanbeabitterexperience,bothphysicallyandpsychologically.Depressionandanxietyaremonamongoutstandingathletesaftertheircareersend.Olympicathletes,inparticular,sufferfromthe“postOlympicblues”.Successinandsuccessofitselfarenotbadthings.___20___A.Peopleshouldn'thavecontinued.B.Unfortunately,successisendless.C.Thatiswhatiscalledsuccessaddicts.D.Bothcanbringfunandsweetnesstolife.E.Successiscruelwork,anditrequiressacrifices.F.Therefore,itcontributestousleadingapeacefullife.G.Surprisingly,peoplebarelyattachenoughsignificancetotheirgoal.【答案】16.C17.E18.B19.A20.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。每個人都渴望成功，人們會盡其所能去取得成功。但是過度追求成功可能會導致對成功上癮。本文介紹了成功上癮癥，介紹了其產生原因和對人的影響等情況。【16題詳解】根據上文“Everyonedesiresforsuccessandpeoplewilldowhatevertheycantoachievesuccess.Butseekingsuccessoverlymaycontributetobeingaddictedtoit.(每個人都渴望成功，人們會盡其所能去取得成功。但是過度追求成功可能會導致對成功上癮)”可知，上文介紹了成功上癮的癥狀，本句對上文的癥狀下定義，指出這是成功上癮癥。上文中beingaddictedto對應C選項中addicts。故C選項“這就是所謂的成功上癮癥”符合語境，故選C?！?7題詳解】根據后文“In1980,thephysicianRobertGoldmanfoundthatmorethanhalfofambitiousathleteswouldbewillingtotakeadrugthatwouldkilltheminfiveyearsinexchangeforwinningeverypetitiontheyentered.(1980年，內科醫(yī)生RobertGoldman發(fā)現(xiàn)，超過半數(shù)有雄心壯志的運動員愿意服用一種五年后會致其死亡的藥物，以換取他們參加的每一項比賽的勝利)”可知，根據下文的舉例可知一些有抱負的運動員愿意去服用對自己有害的藥物來換取成功。所以成功是殘酷的，需要做出犧牲。故E選項“成功是一項殘酷的工作，需要做出犧牲”符合語境，故選E?！?8題詳解】根據后文“Thegoalcan'tbesatisfiedandmostpeopleneverfeel"successfulenough”.Thehighonlylastsadayortwoandthenit'sontothenextgoal.(這個目標是無法滿足的，而且大多數(shù)人都覺得自己“不夠成功”。這種高潮只會持續(xù)一兩天，然后就會進入下一個目標)”可知，后文提到很多人不滿足于目標，很多人覺得成功是不夠的。他們會一直持續(xù)下去，可見成功是永無休止的。故B選項“不幸的是，成功是無止境的”符合語境，故選B?！?9題詳解】根據上文“Satisfactionwearsoffalmostimmediately.Whatwewilldonextisthatwemustrunontothenextrewardtoavoidthefeelingoffallingbehind.(滿足感幾乎馬上就會消失。我們接下來要做的是，我們必須奔向下一個獎勵，以避免落后的感覺)”以及后文“Butquittingisn'teasyforaddicts.Forpeoplewhoareaddictedtosuccess,withdrawalcanbeabitterexperience,bothphysicallyandpsychologically.(但對癮君子來說，戒煙并不容易。對于那些沉迷于成功的人來說，停止對成功的渴望可能是一種痛苦的經歷，無論是在生理上還是心理上)”可知，上文提到了人們會為了避免落后的感覺一直追求成功，但后文but標志轉折，說明停止這種對成功的追求并不容易，可推知本句是在說明人們不應該繼續(xù)追求，但卻不容易停止。故A選項“人們不應該繼續(xù)”符合語境，故選A?！?0題詳解】根據上文“Successinandsuccessofitselfarenotbadthings.(在某方面成功和成功本身都不是壞事)”可知，上文提到成功與否本身都是什么壞事，本句承接上文說明原因：兩者皆可帶來樂趣和甜蜜，故D選項“兩者都能給生活帶來樂趣和甜蜜”符合語境，故選D。第三部分英語知識運用（共三節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)：完型填空（共20小題，每小題1?5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項A、B、C和D中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Instormravaged（風暴肆虐的）SantaClarita,California,lastMarch,MartinezapproachedRunnerRoadcarefully.A_____21_____creek（小溪）hadfloodedit.Martinez,drivingaToyotaSUV,_____22_____he'dbeOK.Big___23___.Halfwayacross,therushingwatergrabbedholdofhisvehicle,sweepingitofftheroad.Itfinally_____24_____agood80feetaway,whenthe___25___somehowliftedtheSUVandputitintothegroundata45degreeangle.Shakenandtrappedinsidewiththewaterrisingquickly,Martinezwascertainhewasgoingto___26___.OntheroadrightbehindMartinezwereadelivery___27___andhisniece.They___28___thehorrorunfold,andwhenMartinez'sSUVcameto___29___inthemiddleofthepouringcreek,themanlandedto_____30_____.First,hegrabbedstrong____31____fromthebackofhisvanandtiedtheunsteadySUVto___32___posts.ThenheclimbedonthetopofMartinez's___33___andhitarearwindowwithhisfists.Frustrated,he____34____tohisnieceandyelled,“Givemea___35___!”O(jiān)verandoverhehittherockintothe____36____veryhard,butinvain."WewerescaredthatsomethingelsewasgoingtoedownandtaketheSUV,takehim,takemyuncle.”KristinaReyes,27,said.Butheruncle'snamewasnotpubliclyknown.Reyes'suncleshoutedtoMartinezto___37___awayfromthewindow.He___38___andthrewtherock____39____,theglassbroke.Soon,asoakedMartinezwentoutofthewindow,andthemenescapedtodryland.Martinezwassavedbya（n）_____40_____deliverydriver.21.A.deserted B.swollen C.forbidden D.floated22.A.warned B.ignored C.figured D.delighted23.A.mistake B.luck C.deal D.fortune24.A.stopped B.continued C.pushed D.pulled25.A.thunder B.cloud C.water D.rain26.A.prepare B.live C.jump D.die27.A.judge B.policeman C.salesman D.driver28.A.talked B.watched C.hesitated D.brushed29.A.head B.stretch C.rest D.select30.A.fetch B.earn C.send D.act31.A.rocks B.ropes C.branches D.posts32.A.remote B.straight C.nearby D.movable33.A.vehicle B.boat C.truck D.van34.A.turned B.opposed C.objected D.treated35.A.foot B.hand C.fist D.rock36.A.bottom B.window C.house D.road37.A.move B.rise C.fly D.hide38.A.pickedup B.putaway C.putforward D.leanedback39.A.Finally B.Exactly C.Frequently D.Unluckily40.A.unfair B.unhappy C.unknown D.unable【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.A25.C26.D27.D28.B29.C30.D31.B32.C33.A34.A35.D36.B37.A38.D39.A40.C【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是去年3月，在風暴肆虐的加利福尼亞州圣克拉麗塔，馬丁內斯開著一輛豐田SUV車被湍急的水沖出公路，被困在車里，多虧一位不認識的貨司機立即采取救援行動，救了他。

【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一條漲水的小河把它淹沒了。A.deserted被拋棄的；B.swollen淹沒的，漲滿的；C.forbidden被禁止的，禁用的；D.floated浮起的。根據“stormragaged(風暴肆虐的)”和后面的“flooded(淹沒)”及“therushingwaters(湍急的水流)”可知，這條漲滿水的小溪淹沒了路，故選B項。

【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：馬丁內斯，開著一輛豐田越野車，以為他沒事。A.warned警告；B.ignored忽略；C.figured解決，認為；D.delighted使高興。根據語境可知，馬丁內斯開著一輛豐田SUV車，他以為（figured）他（能開過去），會沒事的。故選C項。

【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：大錯特錯。A.mistake錯誤；B.luck走運；C.deal交易；D.fortune財富。根據上下文的內容可知，前文他原認為開車能過去，但過了一半，湍急的水流把他的車沖下了馬路，被困車中，可知，這（他的判斷）是一個大錯誤，故選A項。

【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：最后在大約80英尺遠的地方停了下來，水不知怎么把越野車掀了起來，以45度角沉到了地上。A.stopped停止；B.continued繼續(xù)；C.pushed推動；D.pulled拉。根據后面的內容提到馬丁內斯被困于車里，并且車子被水淹沒可知，車被沖下了馬路，最后停在離公路80英尺遠的地方，故選A項。

【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最后在大約80英尺遠的地方停了下來，水不知怎么把越野車掀了起來，以45度角沉到了地上。A.thunder雷聲；B.cloud云；C.water水；D.rain雨。根據前文可知，小溪的水滿了，淹沒了大路，所以車被沖下公路停下來時，水（water）托起車，把它以45度角放到地上。結合后一句“withthewaterrisingquickly(隨著水上升的速度很快)”可知水將車托起，故選C項。

【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：由于受到驚嚇，又被困在迅速上漲的水里，馬丁內斯確信自己要死了。A.prepare準備；B.live生活，居??；C.jump跳；D.die死亡。根據上下文可知他困在車里面，隨著水位的快速上升，他確信自己會死（die），故選D項。

【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：路上，就在馬丁內斯的身后是一個送貨司機和他的侄女。A.judge判斷；B.policeman警察；C.salesman銷售員；D.driver司機。根據最后一段最后一句“Martinezwassavedbya(n)___20___deliverydriver.(馬丁內斯被一個不認識的送貨司機救了。)”可知，此處是指“在馬丁內斯后面的路上，有一個送貨司機和他的侄女?！保蔬xD項。

【28題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們目睹了恐怖的一幕，當馬丁內斯的越野車停在湍急的小溪中間時，這名男子立即行動起來。A.talked討論；B.watched看到，目睹；C.hesitated猶豫；D.brushed掠過，刷。根據語境可知，當馬丁內斯的車發(fā)生悲劇時，后面的司機看到（watched）這個恐怖的場面。故選B項。

【29題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們目睹了恐怖的一幕，當馬丁內斯的越野車停在湍急的小溪中間時，這名男子立即行動起來。A.head朝……行進，出發(fā)；B.stretch伸展，延伸；C.rest?？?；D.select選擇。由前文“Itfinally4agood80feetaway,whenthe5somehowliftedtheSUVandputitintothegroundata45degreeangle.Shakenandtrappedinsidewiththewaterrisingquickly,Martinezwascertainhewasgoingto6.(最后在大約80英尺遠的地方停了下來，水不知怎么把越野車掀了起來，以45度角沉到了地上。)”可知此處是指“當馬丁內斯的SUV車停（rest）在急流的小溪中間時，他們看到了這個恐怖的場面?！惫蔬xC項。

【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們目睹了恐怖的一幕，當馬丁內斯的越野車停在湍急的小溪中間時，這名男子立即行動起來。A.fetch去取來；B.earn賺得，獲得；C.send派送；D.act行動。根據后面司機的救人行動可知，此處是指“這個人看到這個場面后，立即行動（act）”，故選D項。

【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：首先，他從貨車后面抓起結實的繩子，把搖搖晃晃的SUV綁在附近的柱子上。A.rocks巖石；B.ropes繩子；C.branches樹枝，分行；D.posts郵件，郵局。根據后面的把車“綁（tied）”在柱子上，可知，這個人從他的貨車里拿出一根結實的繩子綁車。故選B項。

【32題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：首先，他從貨車后面抓起結實的繩子，把搖搖晃晃的SUV綁在附近的柱子上。A.remote遙遠的；B.straight徑直的；C.nearby附近的；D.movable活動的，可移動的。結合常識和選項意思可知，只能把車綁在附近的（nearby）柱子上，故選C項。

【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后他爬上馬丁內斯的車頂，用拳頭砸后窗。A.vehicle車輛；B.boat船；C.truck卡車；D.van廂式貨車。根據前文可知，馬丁內斯的車呈45度角斜倒在小溪里，因此貨車司機要爬上車頂才能撞擊后窗。故選A項。

【34題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他很沮喪，轉身對侄女喊道：“給我一塊石頭！”A.turned轉身，改變方向；B.opposed反對；C.objected反對；D.treated對待。結合上文的“OntheroadrightbehindMartinezwereadelivery7andhisniece.”可知，他的侄女在后面的車上，所以說話時要轉身（turned），故選A項。

【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他很沮喪，轉身對侄女喊道：“給我一塊石頭！”A.foot足；B.hand手；C.fist拳頭；D.rock巖石，石頭。根據后面的“Overandoverhehittherockintothe___16___veryhard,(他一次又一次地使勁把石頭撞到窗戶上)”可知，他讓侄女給他一塊石頭（rock），故選D項。

【36題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他一次又一次地使勁把石頭撞到窗戶上，但沒有成功。A.bottom底部；B.window窗戶；C.house房子；D.road路。根據第13題“ThenheclimbedonthetopofMartinez’svehicleandhitarearwindow(然后他爬上馬丁內斯的車頂，用拳頭砸后窗。)”可知，現(xiàn)在他一次又一次地用石頭重重地撞擊窗戶（window），故選B項。

【37題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：雷耶斯的叔叔大聲叫馬丁內斯離開窗戶。A.move移開，離開，搬家；B.rise上升；C.fly飛；D.hide躲藏。根據后文貨車司機用大石頭砸窗戶，可知貨車司機叫馬丁內斯遠離（moveaway）窗戶，故選A項。

【38題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他向后一仰，把石頭扔了出去。A.pickedup拾起；B.putaway把……放置一邊；C.putforward提出；D.leanedback向后靠。結合常識可知，用力扔東西時，人往往向后仰（leanedback），故選D項。

【39題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，玻璃碎了。A.Finally最后；B.Exactly確切地；C.Frequently經常地；D.Unluckily不幸地。結合上文提到了一次次砸窗戶都沒有成功可知，此處是指最后（Finally）玻璃碎了，故選A項。

【40題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：馬丁內斯被一個不認識的送貨司機救了。A.unfair不公平的；B.unhappy不快樂的；C.unknown不認識的，未知的；D.unable不能的。根據倒數(shù)第三段最后一句“Butheruncle’snamewasnotpubliclyknown.(但她叔叔的名字沒有公開。)”可知，馬丁內斯被一個不認識的（unknown）送貨司機救了。故選C項。

第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分1