動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式1.Thegirl___________(dance)intheclassroomnow.學(xué)會(huì)判斷何時(shí)使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞2.Thegirl___________(dance)intheclassroomnowand

shelooksveryconfident.3.Thegirl_________（dance)intheclassroomnowlooks

veryconfident.4.Thegirlwho___________(dance)intheclassroomnow

looksveryconfident.isdancingisdancingdancingisdancing總結(jié)：一個(gè)句子中已經(jīng)有一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，又沒(méi)有連詞的情況下，另一個(gè)動(dòng)詞需要用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)名詞:doing分詞現(xiàn)在分詞:doing過(guò)去分詞:done動(dòng)詞不定式：todo非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的基本形式

時(shí)態(tài)

主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

不定式一般時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)完成時(shí)一般時(shí)完成時(shí)過(guò)去分詞V-ing非謂語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)todo（主動(dòng)，將來(lái)）tobedoing（主動(dòng)，進(jìn)行）tohavedone（主動(dòng)，完成）doing（主動(dòng)，進(jìn)行）having

done（主動(dòng)，完成）tobedone（被動(dòng)，將來(lái)）tohavebeendone（被動(dòng)，完成）beingdone（被動(dòng)，進(jìn)行）havingbeendone（被動(dòng)，完成）

done

vt.（被動(dòng)，完成）

done

vi.（狀態(tài)）

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不同的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句法作用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)狀語(yǔ)不定式√√√√√√動(dòng)名詞√√√√現(xiàn)在分詞√√√√過(guò)去分詞√√√√非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)狀語(yǔ)不定式√√√√√√動(dòng)名詞√√√√分詞√√√√非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句法口訣不定式本領(lǐng)強(qiáng),六種成分都能當(dāng)。動(dòng)名詞不示弱，主賓表定用得上。兩分詞互不讓?zhuān)矶钛a(bǔ)爭(zhēng)亮相。todo特指具體某一次動(dòng)作doing表示一般的抽象的泛指概念非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做主語(yǔ)Playingbadmintonismydailytaskintheafternoon.Toplaybadmintonismytaskintheafternoontoday.1.有些動(dòng)詞后面一般只接todo做賓語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做賓語(yǔ)(1)2.有些動(dòng)詞后面一般只接doing做賓語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做賓語(yǔ)(2)3.有些動(dòng)詞后面既可以接todo也可以接doing,意思不一樣。(1)Iregret____________(tell)thatIcannotcome.(2)Iregret____________(tell)himtheresult.totelltellingremembertodo記著要去做某事

rememberdoing記得做過(guò)某事

forgettodo忘記要做某事

forgetdoing忘記做過(guò)了某事

meantodo打算要做某事

meandoing意味著做某事

trytodo盡力去做某事

trydoing試著去做某事

regrettodo對(duì)即將要做的事感到遺憾

regretdoing后悔做過(guò)某事

stoptodo停下來(lái)去做另一件事

stopdoing停止做某事

goontodo做完一件再做另一件事

goondoing繼續(xù)做同一件事can’thelptodo不能幫助做某事

can’thelpdoing情不自禁地做某事4.有些動(dòng)詞后既可以接todo也可以接doing,意思區(qū)別不大。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做賓語(yǔ)(4)begin,start,continue,prefer,like,love,hate+todo/doing.Thewindowsneedpaintingagain/tobepaintedagain.既可接doing又可接todo作賓語(yǔ)，但不定式用被動(dòng)式的形式；

Want,need,require,deserve+tobedone/doing.(某事需要被做)Ilikeswimmingverymuch,butIdon’tliketoswimthisafternoon.1.Ican’tstand________(work)withJaneinthesameoffice.Shejustrefuses________(stop)talkingwhilesheworks.

答案working；tostop

[動(dòng)詞stand此處表示“忍耐；忍受”之意，后面常跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)；而refuse后面只能跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)。句意：我無(wú)法忍受和Jane在同一個(gè)辦公室。她總是拒絕在工作時(shí)停止談話(huà)。]2.LittleJimshouldlove________(take)tothetheatrethisevening.

答案tobetaken

[shouldlove后面只能跟不定式；主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，所以用被動(dòng)。]3.Ourclassroomneeds________(clean),whoisondutytoday?

答案cleaning/tobecleaned

[need后面跟動(dòng)名詞，表示主語(yǔ)需要承受該工作，所以用cleaning。也可用不定式的被動(dòng)形式。句意：我們的教室需要被打掃一下，今天該誰(shuí)值日？]4.—Thatwouldmean________(waste)alotoflabor.

—Really?Idon’tmean________(waste)anylabor.

答案wasting；towaste

[meandoing意味著……；meantodo打算做……。句意：——那將意味著浪費(fèi)很多勞動(dòng)力?！娴膯幔课覜](méi)打算浪費(fèi)任何勞動(dòng)力的。]5.Isn’tittimeyougotdownto________(mark)thepapers?

答案marking

[getdowntodoingsth開(kāi)始著手做某事，后跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，mark是主語(yǔ)主動(dòng)發(fā)出的動(dòng)作，不用被動(dòng)。]

不定式作表語(yǔ)表示將來(lái)的，一次性的或具體的動(dòng)作；或說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容。

動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)表經(jīng)常的，習(xí)慣性或抽象的動(dòng)作；

分詞作表語(yǔ)表示主語(yǔ)（物）的性質(zhì)或特性；非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做表語(yǔ)1.Myjobistocleantheroomseveryday.2.Hiswishistobeadoctorinthefuture.3.Ourjobisplayingallkindsofmusic.4.Thebookiswellwritten.5.Thenewsisexicting.6.Wefeltexicted.注意1:對(duì)稱(chēng)原則(1)Todotwothingsatatimeis_______(do)neither.Seeingis__________(believe).注意2.不定式做表語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果前面有實(shí)意動(dòng)詞do的某種形式，作表語(yǔ)的不定式常省略to.(2)WhatIwanttodomostinhighschoolis________(improve)myEnglish.todobelieving(to)improve非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞/with＋賓語(yǔ)＋doing(表示主動(dòng)進(jìn)行)動(dòng)詞/with＋賓語(yǔ)＋done(表示被動(dòng)完成，或狀態(tài))動(dòng)詞/with＋賓語(yǔ)＋todo(表示主動(dòng)將來(lái)，或全過(guò)程)Isawhimgointotheroom.=Hewasseentogointotheroom.Listen!Doyouhearsomeonecallingforhelp?Ifoundhimburiedinanovel.Ifoundmynecklacegone.Iwillhavemybikerepaired.用所給詞的正確形式填空1.Iheardher________(sing)anEnglishsongjustnow.2.Shewasheard________(sing)anEnglishsongjustnow.3.Iheardher________(sing)anEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.4.IheardtheEnglishsong________(sing)manytimes.singtosingsingingsung用于名詞后作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，原則是：

不定式，做后置定語(yǔ)，表示動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生;

動(dòng)名詞，做前置定語(yǔ)，表示物質(zhì)的屬性；現(xiàn)在分詞，單個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞做前置定語(yǔ)，短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行;

過(guò)去分詞，單個(gè)過(guò)去分詞做前置定語(yǔ)，短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，表示動(dòng)作被動(dòng)、完成。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做定語(yǔ)Ihavealotofthingstodo.Thebuildingbeingbuiltwillbecompletednextyear.theexperimentsdescribedinthebookareeasytoperform.Thereisaswimmingpoolinthebackyard.IgotacallsayingIwasfiredyestersay.(內(nèi)容)注意1：如果不定式是不及物動(dòng)詞,或者不定式所修飾的名詞或者代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的地點(diǎn)、工具等，不定式后需要加相應(yīng)的介詞。

(1)Ihavenoroomto____________(live).(2)Hehasnopento____________(write).注意2：不定式常用來(lái)修飾被序數(shù)詞,最高級(jí)或noanyall等限定的中心詞，且與中心詞為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系(3)Hewasthebestman__________(do)thejob.(4)Heisalwaysthefirst___________(arrive)attheschoolliveinwritewithtodotoarrive注意3：被修飾詞是抽象名詞時(shí)，常用todo做定語(yǔ).(1)Ihavenochance________(go)sightseeing.(2)Theability____________(express)anideaisasimportantastheideaitself.注意4：若句子主語(yǔ)是不定式動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，則用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)；若句子主語(yǔ)不是不定式動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，則用被動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng).(3)Shehasasister___________(lookafter).(4)IwanttogotoBeijing.Doyouhaveanything________(buy).togotoexpresstolookaftertobebought(1)Thequestion_____________(discuss)tomorrowisveryimportant.(2)Theplayers_______(select)fromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonor.(3)Ayoungteacher________(teach)Englishcametoapplyforthisposition.(4)Thehouses_________(built)nowarefortheteachers.tobediscussedselectedteachingbeingbuilt非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做狀語(yǔ)HehurriedhomeonlytofindhismoneystolenTomakehimselfheard,heraisedhisvoiceWewereastonishedtofindtheresult.動(dòng)詞不定式可作目的、結(jié)果、原因狀語(yǔ)。分詞可作時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式、伴隨狀語(yǔ)。Givenachance,Icansurprisetheworld.Comingintotheroom,hefoundhisfatherangry.Beingtired,theywentonworking.Pleasemakeasentenceusingthisword.注意1：現(xiàn)在分詞與不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)表示“自然而然的或意料之中的”結(jié)果。不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)通常表示“偶然的、出乎意料的”一種結(jié)果。如：(1)Hisparentsdiedwhenhewasveryyoung,leavinghimanorphan.他父母在他很小時(shí)就去世了，使得他成了孤兒。(2)Hehurriedtohishouseonlytofindhishousebrokeninto.他匆忙趕到家發(fā)現(xiàn)房子已經(jīng)被人破門(mén)而入了。注意2：有些分詞或不定式短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，其形式的選擇不受上下文的影響，稱(chēng)為獨(dú)立成分。GenerallyspeakingFrankly/honestlyspeakingJudgingfrom/byTotellyouthetruthComparedto/withConsidering/seeing/given...(1)Judgingfromhisaccent,heisfromtheSouth.(2)Consideringyourhealth,youhadbetterhavearest.1.名詞/主格代詞與現(xiàn)在分詞之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系Thegirlstaringathim,hedidn’tknowwhattosay.2.名詞/主格代詞與過(guò)去分詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。Theproblemssolved,thequalityhasbeenimproved.3.名詞/主格代詞與不定式之間是將來(lái)的或具體的動(dòng)作。Theysaidgood-byetoeachother,onetogoho