必修第三冊(cè)Unit4單元寫作指導(dǎo)與演練Anargumentativeessayaboutspaceexploration單元寫作早知道寫作任務(wù)本單元的寫作任務(wù)是寫一篇正反觀點(diǎn)對(duì)比類議論文。議論文要求學(xué)生要通過擺事實(shí)、講道理、辨是非來確定某一觀點(diǎn)正確與否，肯定或否定某種觀點(diǎn)或主張。正反觀點(diǎn)對(duì)比類議論文是從正反兩個(gè)方面說明某個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，進(jìn)而表達(dá)自己的看法。常用表達(dá)1.表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：Inthefirstplace,firstofall,tobeginwith,firstlywhat’smore,inaddition,additionally,furthermore,moreover,besides;what'sworse,tomakemattersworse,worsestillatlast;finally,lastbutnotleast,inclosing,inaword,inshort2.表示轉(zhuǎn)折：instead,however,but,yet,onthecontrary3.表示列舉事實(shí)：suchas,forexample/instance,take...forexample4.表示解釋：thatistosay,inotherwords5.表示觀點(diǎn)：inone’sopinion/view,fromone’spointofview,asfarasIamconcerned,asforsb,personally,personallyspeaking,Iamconvincedthat...單元話題真題展示高考鏈接正反觀點(diǎn)對(duì)比類議論文2021年全國乙卷四步驟1.開門見山地說明辯論的主題和參與者等;2.列舉支持方觀點(diǎn)及其理由;3.列舉反對(duì)方觀點(diǎn)及其理由;4.得出結(jié)論或給出自己的觀點(diǎn)。Usewhatyouhavelearnedtowriteanargumentativeessay.

你校將舉辦英語演講比賽。請(qǐng)你以Besmartonlinelearners為題寫一篇發(fā)言稿參賽，內(nèi)容包括：1.分析優(yōu)勢(shì)與不足；2.提出學(xué)習(xí)建議。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.題目和首句已為你寫好。本單元的寫作任務(wù)是觀點(diǎn)對(duì)比類議論文。此寫作屬于說服性議論文，是對(duì)某個(gè)議論對(duì)象提出見解或主張并說明理由，并使之信服的文章。作者通過擺事實(shí)、講道理、辨是非來確定其觀點(diǎn)的正誤，樹立或否定某種主張，從而達(dá)到讓讀者信服或接受其觀點(diǎn)或看法的目的。其寫法與一般議論文的寫法相同，應(yīng)注意以下三點(diǎn):1在開頭提出議題，也就是提出論點(diǎn)。議題的提出要開門見山，不要拖泥帶水，并且開頭句往往是主題句。2.在正文部分議論時(shí)要有充分的論據(jù)，可以運(yùn)用列舉事實(shí)、展示數(shù)據(jù)、提供事例、借助常識(shí)或利用親身經(jīng)歷的方法。正文部分是寫作的重點(diǎn)，論證方法可以用歸納法、推理法、比較法等。3.在結(jié)論部分發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)。觀點(diǎn)必須鮮明，不能模棱兩可。開頭常用句式1.Recentlythephenomenonhasbeeahottopic.近年來，這一現(xiàn)象已成為一個(gè)熱門話題。2.We'vehadasurveyonhowto... 我們做了一個(gè)關(guān)于如何……的調(diào)查。 3.Thereisawidespreadconcernovertheissuethat.…人們普遍擔(dān)心這個(gè)…問題。主體段落常用句式1.Opinionsaremainlydividedintotwogroups. 意見主要分為兩類。 2.Differentpeople,however,havedifferentopinions/thinkquitedifferentlyonthismatter. 然而，不同的人對(duì)此有不同的看法。3.60%ofthestudentsarefortheidea. 60%的學(xué)生贊成這個(gè)想法。 4.Onthecontrary,45%ofthestudentsholdtheviewthat...Foronething,...Foranotherthing,….相反，45%的學(xué)生認(rèn)為……一方面，……另一方面，……5.Everythinghasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.每件事都有優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)。6.However,theothersarestronglyagainstthisopinion.Tobeginwith...What'smore...Inaddition...Finally...然而，其他人卻強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)這一觀點(diǎn)。首先……而且……此外……最后……結(jié)尾常用句式1.Asforme.../Formypart.../AsfarasI'mconcerned.../Frommypointofview...對(duì)我來說……/就我而言……/在我看來……/從我的觀點(diǎn)來看……2.Throughthediscussion,weallthinkthat... 通過討論，我們都認(rèn)為…… 3.Takingallthesefactorsintoaccount,wecandrawaconclusionthat...考慮到所有這些因素，我們可以得出這樣一個(gè)結(jié)論……【小試牛刀】Recently,studentsinourclasshavehadadiscussiononwhetherspaceisworthexploring.30%ofusthinkspaceexplorationisnotworthwhile.Theythinkspaceistoofarawayfromusandourdailylife.Andthemoneyspentonspaceexplorationcanbeusedtosolvetheearth'sproblemssuchasstarvationandpollution.Ontheotherhand,70%thinkspaceisworthexploringbecausewehavebenefitedalotfromit,suchasusingsatellitesformunicationandweatherforecast.What'smore,withfurtherspaceresearch,wemaysolvethepopulationproblembymovingtootherplanetsoneday.Also,spaceresearchwillenableustofindnewsourcestosolvetheproblemofenergyshortagesontheearth.Wordsaboutaerospaceindustry(航天術(shù)語)1.astronaut宇航員2.mannedspaceship載人宇宙飛船3.ShenzhouVspacecraft神舟五號(hào)4.Tiangong2spacelab天宮二號(hào)5.SatelliteLaunchCentre衛(wèi)星發(fā)射中心6.permanentspacestation永久性空間站7.launchedit'ssecondspacelabintoorbit發(fā)射第二個(gè)太空實(shí)驗(yàn)室進(jìn)入軌道8.launchedit'sthirdunmannedlunarprobe發(fā)射第三個(gè)無人月球探測(cè)器9.makeasoftlandingintheMoon在月球上實(shí)現(xiàn)軟著陸 10.releasealunarrover發(fā)送月球車 Lifeonthespacestation(太空站上的生活)1.wearspacesuits穿太空服2.floataround到處漂浮 3.floatweightlesslyaround失重地飄來飄去4.toofarawayfromtheearthtofeelitspull離地球太遠(yuǎn)而感受不到它的引力5.sufferfromlackofoxygen缺氧6.zerogravityworld零重力世界7.walkinspace太空漫步Workonthespacestation(太空站上的工作)1.makespaceexploration太空探索2.takeimagesoftheplanet拍攝星球影像3.orbitaroundEarth繞地球運(yùn)行4.sendhumansintospace把人類送進(jìn)外太空5.makemeasurementsandobservations進(jìn)行測(cè)量和觀察6.pleteamannedorbit完成載人環(huán)軌道運(yùn)行7.simulatedmannedflightactivities模擬載人飛行活動(dòng)8.demonstratethecontrolsofthespacecraft演示飛船的9.createspacetogroundmunicationlink創(chuàng)建太空與地面的聯(lián)系樞紐Inspiration(啟發(fā))1.learnsthfromsb從某人身上學(xué)到..2.followtheexampleofsb以某人為榜樣3.selflessdedication/devotion無私奉獻(xiàn)4.arduousstruggle/workhard艱苦奮斗 5.haveloveforthemotherland熱愛祖國6.donotfeardifficulties不怕困難7.worthyof/deserverespect值得尊敬 8.studyhard好好學(xué)習(xí)9.makecontributionsto...為...做貢獻(xiàn)10.fightfor為...而奮斗Concernandbestwishes(關(guān)心和祝愿)1.MayChina'sspaceindustrydevelopvigorously.愿中國航天事業(yè)蓬勃發(fā)展。2.Romanticstarsshinebecauseofyou.浪漫星河因你們而閃耀。3.Attributetoheroes向英雄致敬4.Takegoodcareofyourself多保重5.Returnintriumph凱旋而歸6.Wishyouallthebest一切安好7.Bethriving欣欣向榮:蒸蒸日上8.Everythingisinguproses萬事順?biāo)霺electionProcedure(選拔過程)1.theselectprocedureforastronauts 宇航員選拔程序2.參加飛行員訓(xùn)練attendpilottraining3.體型完美inperfectshape4.使用太空設(shè)備usespaceequipment5.enterthespaceprogramme進(jìn)入太空計(jì)劃6.workinspace在太空工作7.trainforspaceflights為太空飛行進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練8.makealistoftherequirements列出要求9.身體健康imperfecthealth10.doalotofmentalandphysicaltraining做大量的心理和體能訓(xùn)練SpaceExploration(太空探索)1.發(fā)現(xiàn)其他星球discoverotherplanets2.escapeEarth'sgravity逃離地球引力3.找到宇宙的秘密findoutthesecretsoftheuniverse4.把人送進(jìn)太空sendpeopleintospace5.第一個(gè)進(jìn)入太空的人thefirstpersontogointospace6.踏上月球stepontothemoon7.繼續(xù)進(jìn)行太空探索carryonspaceexploration8.onboard在(輪船、飛機(jī)、宇宙飛船)上9.進(jìn)行測(cè)量和觀測(cè)makemeasurementsandobservations10.與...對(duì)接dockwithAchievements(太空探索成就)1.導(dǎo)致resultin2.記錄陸地和天氣模式數(shù)據(jù)recorddataonlandandweatherpatterns3.helptheresearchanddevelopmentofdifferenttypesofnewmaterial促進(jìn)各種新型材料的研發(fā)4.廣泛應(yīng)用于各行各業(yè)bewidelyusedinallkindsofindustries5.取得巨大進(jìn)步makegreatprogress6.encouragescientiststoimprovetechnology鼓勵(lì)科學(xué)家改進(jìn)技術(shù)7.用完runout8.繞地球運(yùn)行orbitaroundEarth9.傳輸數(shù)據(jù)transmitdata10.realizetheirdreamtoexplorespace實(shí)現(xiàn)他們探索太空的夢(mèng)想LifeinSpace(太空生活)1.四處漂浮floataround2.經(jīng)常鍛煉exerciseonaregularbasis3.withnogravitytopushagainst沒有重力支撐4.inthezerogravityworld在零重力的世界里5.keeponeselfclean保持自身清潔6.以液體的形式inliquidfor7.einhandy有用的8.保持身體健康stayfit9.系在...上beattachedto10.穿上宇航服putonspacesuitsViews (表達(dá)觀點(diǎn))1.在我看來Inmyopinion/view/Frommypointofview2.Ithink/feel/believethat...我認(rèn)為3.我持...的觀點(diǎn)Iholdtheviewthat...4.AsfarasI'mconcerned 就我而言5.Allinall總的來說6.Tosumup總之7.最后(一句話)Inconclusion/Toconclude8.最后Inclosing9.總而言之Inaword學(xué)校英文報(bào)征稿：給中國太空站（TiangongSpaceStation）宇航員們的一封信。假設(shè)你是李華，準(zhǔn)備為學(xué)校英文報(bào)投稿，內(nèi)容包括：1.對(duì)他們?yōu)樘帐聵I(yè)做出的成就感到驕傲；2.詢問太空站上生活、工作情況；3.表達(dá)關(guān)心和祝愿。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)80左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Dearastronauts,I’mwritingwithgreatexcitementtotellyouhowproudIamforyourremarkableacplishmentsmadeinChina’sspaceexpeditions.WithmycuriosityaboutyourlifeandworkinTiangongspacestation,Iamwritingtoenquireaboutyourcurrentsituation.Haveyouadaptedtotheweightlessenvironment?Ifyoumissyourfamilies,isitpossibleforyoutomakevideocallsonaregularbasis?Additionally,impressedbyyourinteractionwithusstudentsin“TiangongClass”,Icannothelpadmiringyourpioneeringwork,wonderingwhatittakestobeaqualifiedtaikonaut.Wishyouasuccessfulmissionandafortablejourney!Yoursfaithfully,LiHua【詳解】1.詞匯積累感到驕傲：takepridein→beproudof非凡的：remarkable→extraordinary→outstanding→marvelous成就：achievement→acplishment適應(yīng)：adjustto→adaptto定期地：regularly→onaregularbasis2.句式拓展簡單句變復(fù)合句原句：WithmycuriosityaboutyourlifeandworkinTiangongspacestation,Iamwritingtoenquireaboutyourcurrentsituation.拓展句：BecauseIamcuriousaboutyourlifeandworkinTiangongspacestation,Iamwritingtoenquireaboutyourcurrentsituation.【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】I’mwritingwithgreatexcitementtotellyouhowproudIamforyourremarkableacplishmentsmadeinChina’sspaceexpeditions.（運(yùn)用了動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語，how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，以及過去分詞短語充當(dāng)后置定語）【高分句型2】WithmycuriosityaboutyourlifeandworkinTiangongspacestation,Iamwritingtoenquireaboutyourcurrentsituation.（運(yùn)用了with+賓語+賓補(bǔ)的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)）【高分句型3】Additionally,impressedbyyourinteractionwithusstudentsin“TiangongClass”,Icannothelpadmiringyourpioneeringwork,wonderingwhatittakestobeaqualifiedtaikonaut.（運(yùn)用了impressed過去分詞短語作狀語，wandering現(xiàn)在分詞短語充當(dāng)伴隨狀語以及what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句）假定你是李華，你的美國朋友Jim觀看了中國的太空授課，發(fā)來郵件和你討論太空探索（spaceexploration）的話題。請(qǐng)你給他回復(fù)郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.觀看的方式及感受2.太空授課的意義。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【佳作欣賞】DearJim,I’mgladtohearfromyou.LastThursday,ourschoolorganizedallofustowatchthefirstspacelecturewhichwashostedbyWangYaping.WewatchedthelivebroadcastonTVinourclass.Iwassoimpressedbythelecture.Ithinkthelectureisofgreatimportance.Atfirst,itinspiresourinterestinspace.Wearesocuriousinspacethatwewanttoworkhardandexplorethespace.Besides,bywatchingthelecture,weyouthcanhavemoreintuitiveaccesstoaerospaceknowledge.Bestwishes!Yours,

LiHua【鏈接高考—經(jīng)典誦讀】（2021年全國乙卷）你校將舉辦英語演講比賽。請(qǐng)你以Besmartonlinelearners為題寫一篇發(fā)言稿參賽，內(nèi)容包括：1.分析優(yōu)勢(shì)與不足；2.提出學(xué)習(xí)建議。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.題目和首句已為你寫好。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【佳作欣賞1】BesmartonlinelearnersNetworklearninghasincreasinglybeeanimportantmeansforpeopletoacquireknowledgeandsolveproblems.Butbeingsmartonlinelearnershasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.Firstofall,assmartonlinelearners,wecanmakefulluseofthemostextensiveeducationalresourcestobroadenthehorizon.Besides,Wecantaketheinitiativeinourstudybyourselveswithouttimeandspacelimit.Ofcourse,thesedisadvantagesareasfollows.Facedwithallkindsofinformationontheinternet,Wecan'ttellthedifferencebetweenthetrueandthefalse,whichmaybeharmfultoourstudyandlife.Ontheotherhand,onlinelearningitselfhassomeimperfections,makingitdifficultforusnottobeaffected.Inconclusion,weshouldhaveagoodunderstandingofitsadvantagesanddisadvantagesandfindaproperwaytomakeourstudymoreefficient.【佳作欣賞2】BesmartonlinelearnersItiswidelyacknowledgedthatanincreasingnumberofpeoplespendmuchtimelearningontheInternet,whichmakesonlinelearningahotspot.However,itisnotclearwhetheronlinelearningreallyplaysitsrole.Ontheonehand,itisobviousthatlearningonlinesavesmuchtime,thusimprovingthelearningefficiency.Besides,studentsarewillingtoarrangetheirtimeflexiblyandhaveaccesstovariouslearningmaterials.However,ontheotherhand,studentsarenotpermittedtost