護(hù)理實習(xí)生社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿及其影響因素分析一、本文概述Overviewofthisarticle護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿及其影響因素是護(hù)理學(xué)和社會學(xué)研究的重要課題。近年來，隨著醫(yī)療體系的不斷完善和社區(qū)護(hù)理服務(wù)的日益普及，社區(qū)護(hù)理已成為護(hù)理專業(yè)的重要就業(yè)方向。然而，護(hù)理實習(xí)生對于社區(qū)就業(yè)的意愿及其背后的影響因素卻鮮有研究。因此，本文旨在深入探討護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿，并分析其影響因素，以期為提升護(hù)理專業(yè)學(xué)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)率和優(yōu)化社區(qū)護(hù)理服務(wù)提供理論支持和實踐指導(dǎo)。Thewillingnessofnursinginternstoworkinthecommunityanditsinfluencingfactorsareimportanttopicsinnursingandsociologyresearch.Inrecentyears,withthecontinuousimprovementofthemedicalsystemandtheincreasingpopularityofcommunitynursingservices,communitynursinghasbecomeanimportantemploymentdirectionfornursingprofessionals.However,thereislittleresearchonthewillingnessofnursinginternstoengageincommunityemploymentandtheunderlyinginfluencingfactors.Therefore,thisarticleaimstodeeplyexplorethecommunityemploymentwillingnessofnursinginternsandanalyzetheirinfluencingfactors,inordertoprovidetheoreticalsupportandpracticalguidanceforimprovingthecommunityemploymentrateofnursingstudentsandoptimizingcommunitynursingservices.本文首先通過文獻(xiàn)回顧，梳理了國內(nèi)外關(guān)于護(hù)理實習(xí)生社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿及其影響因素的研究現(xiàn)狀，發(fā)現(xiàn)目前研究主要集中在個人因素、學(xué)校因素和社會因素等方面。在此基礎(chǔ)上，本文采用問卷調(diào)查和訪談相結(jié)合的方法，對某醫(yī)學(xué)院校的護(hù)理實習(xí)生進(jìn)行了深入的實地調(diào)查。通過對收集的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計分析，本文揭示了護(hù)理實習(xí)生社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿的現(xiàn)狀及其影響因素的作用機制。Thisarticlefirstreviewstheliteratureandsummarizesthecurrentresearchstatusonthewillingnessofnursinginternstoworkinthecommunityanditsinfluencingfactorsathomeandabroad.Itisfoundthatcurrentresearchmainlyfocusesonpersonalfactors,schoolfactors,andsocialfactors.Onthisbasis,thisarticleadoptsacombinationofquestionnairesurveyandinterviewmethodstoconductin-depthon-siteinvestigationsonnursinginternsinamedicalcollege.Throughstatisticalanalysisofthecollecteddata,thisarticlerevealsthecurrentsituationofcommunityemploymentwillingnessamongnursinginternsandthemechanismofinfluencingfactors.研究結(jié)果表明，護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿受到多種因素的影響。個人因素方面，實習(xí)生的性別、年齡、性格特征、職業(yè)興趣等都會對其社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿產(chǎn)生影響。學(xué)校因素方面，實習(xí)生的實習(xí)經(jīng)歷、課程設(shè)置、職業(yè)規(guī)劃教育等也會對其社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿產(chǎn)生重要影響。社會因素方面，社會對護(hù)理專業(yè)的認(rèn)知度、社區(qū)護(hù)理服務(wù)的普及程度、相關(guān)政策支持等也會對護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿產(chǎn)生影響。Theresearchresultsindicatethatthewillingnessofnursinginternstoworkinthecommunityisinfluencedbymultiplefactors.Intermsofpersonalfactors,thegender,age,personalitytraits,andcareerinterestsofinternswillhaveanimpactontheirwillingnesstoworkinthecommunity.Intermsofschoolfactors,theinternshipexperience,curriculumdesign,andcareerplanningeducationofinternscanalsohaveasignificantimpactontheirwillingnesstoworkinthecommunity.Intermsofsocialfactors,therecognitionofnursingprofessionbysociety,thepopularityofcommunitynursingservices,andrelevantpolicysupportwillalsohaveanimpactonthewillingnessofnursinginternstoworkinthecommunity.在此基礎(chǔ)上，本文提出了提升護(hù)理實習(xí)生社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿的對策建議。從學(xué)校層面，應(yīng)加強實習(xí)生的社區(qū)護(hù)理實踐教育，提高其社區(qū)護(hù)理服務(wù)能力；加強職業(yè)規(guī)劃教育，引導(dǎo)實習(xí)生樹立正確的職業(yè)觀念。從社會層面，應(yīng)加大對社區(qū)護(hù)理服務(wù)的宣傳力度，提高社會對護(hù)理專業(yè)的認(rèn)知度；完善相關(guān)政策支持，為護(hù)理實習(xí)生提供更多的社區(qū)就業(yè)機會。Onthisbasis,thisarticleproposescountermeasuresandsuggestionstoenhancetheemploymentwillingnessofnursinginternsinthecommunity.Attheschoollevel,itisnecessarytostrengthenthecommunitynursingpracticeeducationforinternsandimprovetheircommunitynursingservicecapabilities;Strengthencareerplanningeducationandguideinternstoestablishcorrectcareerconcepts.Fromasocialperspective,effortsshouldbemadetoincreasethepromotionofcommunitynursingservicesandenhancesociety'sawarenessofnursingprofession;Improverelevantpolicysupportandprovidemorecommunityemploymentopportunitiesfornursinginterns.本文的研究不僅有助于深入了解護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿及其影響因素，還為提升護(hù)理專業(yè)學(xué)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)率和優(yōu)化社區(qū)護(hù)理服務(wù)提供了有益的理論支持和實踐指導(dǎo)。未來，隨著醫(yī)療體系的不斷完善和社區(qū)護(hù)理服務(wù)的持續(xù)發(fā)展，護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)問題將越來越受到關(guān)注。因此，本文的研究具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義和長遠(yuǎn)的社會價值。Thisstudynotonlyhelpstogainadeeperunderstandingofthecommunityemploymentwillingnessandinfluencingfactorsofnursinginterns,butalsoprovidesusefultheoreticalsupportandpracticalguidanceforimprovingthecommunityemploymentrateofnursingstudentsandoptimizingcommunitynursingservices.Inthefuture,withthecontinuousimprovementofthemedicalsystemandthecontinuousdevelopmentofcommunitynursingservices,theissueofcommunityemploymentfornursinginternswillreceiveincreasingattention.Therefore,theresearchinthisarticlehasimportantpracticalsignificanceandlong-termsocialvalue.二、文獻(xiàn)綜述Literaturereview護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿及其影響因素是一個值得深入探討的課題。近年來，隨著醫(yī)療改革的推進(jìn)和社區(qū)醫(yī)療服務(wù)的普及，社區(qū)護(hù)理的重要性日益凸顯。護(hù)理實習(xí)生作為未來護(hù)理事業(yè)的中堅力量，其社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿的強弱將直接影響到社區(qū)護(hù)理服務(wù)的質(zhì)量和水平。因此，了解護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿及其影響因素，對于優(yōu)化護(hù)理人力資源配置、提高社區(qū)護(hù)理服務(wù)質(zhì)量具有重要意義。Thewillingnessofnursinginternstoworkinthecommunityanditsinfluencingfactorsisatopicworthyofin-depthexploration.Inrecentyears,withtheadvancementofmedicalreformandthepopularizationofcommunitymedicalservices,theimportanceofcommunitynursinghasbecomeincreasinglyprominent.Asthebackboneofthefuturenursingindustry,thewillingnessofnursinginternstoworkinthecommunitywilldirectlyaffectthequalityandlevelofcommunitynursingservices.Therefore,understandingthecommunityemploymentwillingnessandinfluencingfactorsofnursinginternsisofgreatsignificanceforoptimizingtheallocationofnursinghumanresourcesandimprovingthequalityofcommunitynursingservices.在已有研究中，護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿受到多種因素的影響。個人因素方面，護(hù)理實習(xí)生的個人興趣、職業(yè)認(rèn)知、職業(yè)規(guī)劃等都會影響其社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿。家庭因素也是一個不可忽視的影響因素，家庭對護(hù)理職業(yè)的態(tài)度、家庭經(jīng)濟狀況等都可能影響護(hù)理實習(xí)生的就業(yè)選擇。學(xué)校教育和實習(xí)經(jīng)歷也是影響護(hù)理實習(xí)生社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿的重要因素。學(xué)校教育中對社區(qū)護(hù)理的宣傳和教育力度、實習(xí)期間對社區(qū)護(hù)理工作的接觸和體驗等，都可能影響護(hù)理實習(xí)生的就業(yè)意愿。Inexistingresearch,thewillingnessofnursinginternstoworkinthecommunityisinfluencedbyvariousfactors.Intermsofpersonalfactors,thepersonalinterests,careercognition,andcareerplanningofnursinginternscanallaffecttheirwillingnesstoworkinthecommunity.Familyfactorsarealsoanimportantinfluencingfactorthatcannotbeignored.Familyattitudestowardsthenursingprofession,familyeconomicstatus,andotherfactorsmayaffecttheemploymentchoicesofnursinginterns.Schooleducationandinternshipexperiencearealsoimportantfactorsaffectingthewillingnessofnursinginternstoworkinthecommunity.Thepromotionandeducationofcommunitynursinginschooleducation,aswellastheexposureandexperienceofcommunitynursingworkduringinternships,mayallaffecttheemploymentwillingnessofnursinginterns.在社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿的影響因素方面，研究者們也進(jìn)行了深入的探討。一方面，社區(qū)護(hù)理工作的特點、工作環(huán)境、工作待遇等因素都可能影響護(hù)理實習(xí)生的就業(yè)選擇。另一方面，社會因素如政策支持、社區(qū)護(hù)理需求等也會對護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿產(chǎn)生影響。Researchershavealsoconductedin-depthdiscussionsontheinfluencingfactorsofcommunityemploymentwillingness.Ontheonehand,factorssuchasthecharacteristicsofcommunitynursingwork,workenvironment,andworkbenefitsmayallaffecttheemploymentchoicesofnursinginterns.Ontheotherhand,socialfactorssuchaspolicysupportandcommunitynursingneedscanalsohaveanimpactonthewillingnessofnursinginternstoworkinthecommunity.護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿受到個人、家庭、學(xué)校、社會等多方面因素的影響。為了促進(jìn)護(hù)理實習(xí)生積極投身社區(qū)護(hù)理事業(yè)，需要綜合考慮這些因素，從多方面入手，加強宣傳教育、優(yōu)化實習(xí)安排、完善政策支持等，為護(hù)理實習(xí)生提供良好的職業(yè)發(fā)展環(huán)境和平臺。Thewillingnessofnursinginternstoworkinthecommunityisinfluencedbyvariousfactorssuchasindividuals,families,schools,andsociety.Inordertopromotenursinginternstoactivelyengageincommunitynursing,itisnecessarytocomprehensivelyconsiderthesefactors,startfrommultipleaspects,strengthenpublicityandeducation,optimizeinternshiparrangements,improvepolicysupport,etc.,andprovideagoodcareerdevelopmentenvironmentandplatformfornursinginterns.三、研究方法Researchmethods本研究采用定量與定性相結(jié)合的研究方法，以全面深入地探討護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿及其影響因素。Thisstudyadoptsacombinationofquantitativeandqualitativeresearchmethodstocomprehensivelyanddeeplyexplorethecommunityemploymentwillingnessandinfluencingfactorsofnursinginterns.定量研究部分：本研究通過問卷調(diào)查的方式收集數(shù)據(jù)。問卷設(shè)計參考了國內(nèi)外相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)，并經(jīng)過專家評審和預(yù)調(diào)查，以確保其信度和效度。問卷內(nèi)容涵蓋了護(hù)理實習(xí)生的個人基本情況、社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿、影響因素等多個方面。采用隨機抽樣的方法，選取某地區(qū)的多所醫(yī)學(xué)院校護(hù)理專業(yè)實習(xí)生作為調(diào)查對象，通過線上和線下兩種方式發(fā)放問卷，并對回收的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計分析。Quantitativeresearchsection:Thisstudycollecteddatathroughaquestionnairesurvey.Thequestionnairedesignreferredtorelevantdomesticandforeignliterature,andunderwentexpertreviewandpresurveytoensureitsreliabilityandvalidity.Thequestionnairecoversmultipleaspectssuchasthepersonalbasicinformationofnursinginterns,communityemploymentwillingness,andinfluencingfactors.Usingrandomsamplingmethod,nursinginternsfrommultiplemedicalcollegesinacertainregionwereselectedassurveysubjects.Questionnairesweredistributedonlineandoffline,andthecollecteddatawasstatisticallyanalyzed.定性研究部分：為了更深入地了解護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿及其背后的原因，本研究還進(jìn)行了半結(jié)構(gòu)式訪談。訪談對象包括愿意接受訪談的問卷填寫者，以及部分具有社區(qū)就業(yè)經(jīng)驗的護(hù)理實習(xí)生和社區(qū)醫(yī)療機構(gòu)的管理人員。訪談內(nèi)容圍繞社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿的影響因素、社區(qū)就業(yè)體驗、職業(yè)發(fā)展等方面展開。訪談結(jié)果經(jīng)過整理和分析，與問卷調(diào)查結(jié)果相互驗證和補充。Qualitativeresearchsection:Inordertogainadeeperunderstandingofthecommunityemploymentwillingnessofnursinginternsandtheunderlyingreasons,thisstudyalsoconductedsemi-structuredinterviews.Theintervieweesincludequestionnairerespondentswhoarewillingtobeinterviewed,aswellassomenursinginternswithcommunityemploymentexperienceandmanagementpersonnelofcommunitymedicalinstitutions.Theinterviewfocusesontheinfluencingfactorsofcommunityemploymentwillingness,communityemploymentexperience,careerdevelopment,andotheraspects.Theinterviewresultshavebeenorganizedandanalyzed,andmutuallyverifiedandsupplementedwiththequestionnairesurveyresults.本研究通過定量與定性相結(jié)合的研究方法，旨在全面、深入地了解護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿及其影響因素，為相關(guān)政策制定和護(hù)理專業(yè)人才培養(yǎng)提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。Thisstudyaimstocomprehensivelyanddeeplyunderstandthecommunityemploymentwillingnessandinfluencingfactorsofnursinginternsthroughacombinationofquantitativeandqualitativeresearchmethods,providingscientificbasisforrelevantpolicyformulationandnursingprofessionaltalentcultivation.四、研究結(jié)果Researchresults本研究通過對護(hù)理實習(xí)生社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿及其影響因素的深入調(diào)查和分析，得出了一系列重要結(jié)果。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿普遍較高，約有78%的受訪者表示愿意在社區(qū)醫(yī)療機構(gòu)就業(yè)。這一結(jié)果顯示，護(hù)理實習(xí)生對于社區(qū)服務(wù)有著較高的認(rèn)同感和熱情，這對于我國社區(qū)醫(yī)療服務(wù)的發(fā)展具有積極意義。Thisstudyobtainedaseriesofimportantresultsthroughin-depthinvestigationandanalysisofthewillingnessofnursinginternstoworkinthecommunityanditsinfluencingfactors.Wefoundthatnursinginternsgenerallyhaveahigherwillingnesstoworkinthecommunity,withabout78%ofrespondentsexpressingawillingnesstoworkincommunitymedicalinstitutions.Thisresultshowsthatnursinginternshaveahighsenseofidentificationandenthusiasmforcommunityservice,whichisofpositivesignificanceforthedevelopmentofcommunitymedicalservicesinChina.在影響因素方面，研究結(jié)果顯示多個因素對護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿產(chǎn)生顯著影響。其中，個人因素如專業(yè)興趣、職業(yè)規(guī)劃等是影響護(hù)理實習(xí)生社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿的內(nèi)在驅(qū)動力。約65%的受訪者表示，對社區(qū)護(hù)理工作的興趣是他們愿意在社區(qū)就業(yè)的重要原因。約有58%的受訪者認(rèn)為，明確的職業(yè)規(guī)劃也是他們選擇社區(qū)就業(yè)的關(guān)鍵因素。Intermsofinfluencingfactors,theresearchresultsshowthatmultiplefactorshaveasignificantimpactonthecommunityemploymentwillingnessofnursinginterns.Amongthem,personalfactorssuchasprofessionalinterestsandcareerplanningaretheinternaldrivingforcesthataffectthewillingnessofnursinginternstoworkinthecommunity.About65%ofrespondentsstatedthattheirinterestincommunitynursingworkisanimportantreasonwhytheyarewillingtoworkinthecommunity.About58%ofrespondentsbelievethataclearcareerplanisalsoakeyfactorintheirchoiceofcommunityemployment.社會因素也對護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿產(chǎn)生重要影響。例如，社區(qū)醫(yī)療機構(gòu)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r、政策支持等是影響護(hù)理實習(xí)生社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿的外部因素。研究結(jié)果顯示，約有72%的受訪者認(rèn)為，社區(qū)醫(yī)療機構(gòu)的發(fā)展前景是他們考慮就業(yè)的重要因素。同時，約有62%的受訪者表示，政府對社區(qū)醫(yī)療服務(wù)的政策支持也會影響他們的就業(yè)選擇。Socialfactorsalsohaveasignificantimpactonthecommunityemploymentwillingnessofnursinginterns.Forexample,thedevelopmentstatusandpolicysupportofcommunitymedicalinstitutionsareexternalfactorsthataffectthewillingnessofnursinginternstoworkinthecommunity.Theresearchresultsshowthatabout72%ofrespondentsbelievethatthedevelopmentprospectsofcommunitymedicalinstitutionsareanimportantfactorforthemtoconsideremployment.Meanwhile,approximately62%ofrespondentsstatedthatgovernmentpolicysupportforcommunityhealthcareserviceswillalsoaffecttheiremploymentchoices.學(xué)校因素也是影響護(hù)理實習(xí)生社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿不可忽視的因素。研究結(jié)果顯示，學(xué)校的課程設(shè)置、實習(xí)安排等對護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿具有顯著影響。約有68%的受訪者認(rèn)為，學(xué)校的課程設(shè)置與社區(qū)護(hù)理實踐密切相關(guān)，有助于提升他們對社區(qū)護(hù)理工作的認(rèn)識和興趣。約有56%的受訪者表示，學(xué)校在實習(xí)安排上的支持和引導(dǎo)也是他們愿意選擇社區(qū)就業(yè)的重要原因。Schoolfactorsarealsofactorsthatcannotbeignoredininfluencingthewillingnessofnursinginternstoworkinthecommunity.Theresearchresultsshowthatthecurriculumandinternshiparrangementsofschoolshaveasignificantimpactonthecommunityemploymentwillingnessofnursinginterns.About68%ofrespondentsbelievethattheschoolcurriculumiscloselyrelatedtocommunitynursingpractices,whichhelpstoenhancetheirunderstandingandinterestincommunitynursingwork.About56%ofrespondentsstatedthatthesupportandguidanceprovidedbyschoolsininternshiparrangementsarealsoimportantreasonswhytheyarewillingtochoosecommunityemployment.本研究結(jié)果顯示護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿普遍較高，并受到個人因素、社會因素和學(xué)校因素等多方面的影響。為了更好地推動護(hù)理實習(xí)生在社區(qū)就業(yè)，我們應(yīng)該關(guān)注這些影響因素，并采取相應(yīng)的措施加以引導(dǎo)和支持。例如，加強對學(xué)生專業(yè)興趣和職業(yè)規(guī)劃的引導(dǎo)、加大對社區(qū)醫(yī)療機構(gòu)的政策扶持力度、優(yōu)化學(xué)校的課程設(shè)置和實習(xí)安排等。這些措施將有助于提升護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿，推動我國社區(qū)醫(yī)療服務(wù)的發(fā)展。Theresultsofthisstudyshowthatnursinginternsgenerallyhaveahigherwillingnesstoworkinthecommunity,andareinfluencedbyvariousfactorssuchaspersonalfactors,socialfactors,andschoolfactors.Inordertobetterpromotetheemploymentofnursinginternsinthecommunity,weshouldpayattentiontotheseinfluencingfactorsandtakecorrespondingmeasurestoguideandsupportthem.Forexample,strengtheningguidanceonstudents'professionalinterestsandcareerplanning,increasingpolicysupportforcommunitymedicalinstitutions,optimizingschoolcurriculumandinternshiparrangements,etc.ThesemeasureswillhelpenhancethecommunityemploymentwillingnessofnursinginternsandpromotethedevelopmentofcommunitymedicalservicesinChina.五、討論Discussion本研究旨在深入探討護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿及其影響因素，以期為提高護(hù)理專業(yè)學(xué)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)率和優(yōu)化社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)提供有力支持。通過對樣本數(shù)據(jù)的分析，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿受到多種因素的影響，包括個人因素、學(xué)校因素和社會因素等。Theaimofthisstudyistoexploreindepththecommunityemploymentwillingnessandinfluencingfactorsofnursinginterns,inordertoprovidestrongsupportforimprovingthecommunityemploymentrateofnursingstudentsandoptimizingcommunityhealthservices.Throughtheanalysisofsampledata,wefoundthatthewillingnessofnursinginternstoworkinthecommunityisinfluencedbyvariousfactors,includingpersonalfactors,schoolfactors,andsocialfactors.在個人因素方面，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)護(hù)理實習(xí)生的性別、年齡、家庭背景以及個人職業(yè)規(guī)劃等因素對社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿具有顯著影響。例如，女性實習(xí)生相較于男性更傾向于選擇社區(qū)就業(yè)，這可能與女性對穩(wěn)定工作環(huán)境和較好工作生活平衡的追求有關(guān)。年齡較小、家庭背景較好的實習(xí)生更傾向于選擇進(jìn)入大型醫(yī)療機構(gòu)，而年齡較大、家庭背景一般的實習(xí)生則更傾向于選擇社區(qū)就業(yè)。這可能與不同年齡段和家庭背景的實習(xí)生對未來職業(yè)發(fā)展的不同期待和需求有關(guān)。Intermsofpersonalfactors,wefoundthatfactorssuchasgender,age,familybackground,andpersonalcareerplanningofnursinginternshaveasignificantimpactoncommunityemploymentwillingness.Forexample,femaleinternsaremoreinclinedtochoosecommunityemploymentcomparedtomen,whichmayberelatedtowomen'spursuitofastableworkenvironmentandbetterworklifebalance.Youngerinternswithbetterfamilybackgroundsaremorelikelytochoosetoenterlargemedicalinstitutions,whileolderinternswithaveragefamilybackgroundsaremorelikelytochoosecommunityemployment.Thismayberelatedtothedifferentexpectationsandneedsofinternsfromdifferentagegroupsandfamilybackgroundsfortheirfuturecareerdevelopment.在學(xué)校因素方面，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)護(hù)理教育課程設(shè)置、實踐教學(xué)以及職業(yè)規(guī)劃指導(dǎo)等因素對護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿具有重要影響。一方面，護(hù)理教育課程應(yīng)增加社區(qū)護(hù)理相關(guān)內(nèi)容的比重，幫助實習(xí)生更好地了解社區(qū)護(hù)理的重要性和發(fā)展前景。另一方面，學(xué)校應(yīng)加強與社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)機構(gòu)的合作，為實習(xí)生提供更多實踐機會，讓他們在實踐中深入了解社區(qū)護(hù)理的工作環(huán)境和工作內(nèi)容。學(xué)校還應(yīng)加強對實習(xí)生的職業(yè)規(guī)劃指導(dǎo)，幫助他們明確自己的職業(yè)目標(biāo)和發(fā)展方向，從而提高其社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿。Intermsofschoolfactors,wefoundthatnursingeducationcurriculumdesign,practicalteaching,andcareerplanningguidancehaveasignificantimpactonthecommunityemploymentwillingnessofnursinginterns.Ontheonehand,nursingeducationcoursesshouldincreasetheproportionofcommunitynursingrelatedcontent,helpinginternsbetterunderstandtheimportanceanddevelopmentprospectsofcommunitynursing.Ontheotherhand,schoolsshouldstrengthencooperationwithcommunityhealthserviceinstitutions,providemorepracticalopportunitiesforinterns,andenablethemtodeeplyunderstandtheworkingenvironmentandcontentofcommunitynursinginpractice.Schoolsshouldalsostrengthencareerplanningguidanceforinterns,helpingthemclarifytheircareergoalsanddevelopmentdirection,therebyincreasingtheirwillingnesstoworkinthecommunity.在社會因素方面，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)社會對社區(qū)護(hù)理的認(rèn)知度、政策支持以及社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)機構(gòu)的發(fā)展水平等因素對護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿具有重要影響。為了提高社區(qū)護(hù)理的社會認(rèn)知度，政府和社會各界應(yīng)加大對社區(qū)護(hù)理的宣傳力度，讓更多人了解社區(qū)護(hù)理的重要性和價值。政府還應(yīng)出臺更多支持社區(qū)護(hù)理發(fā)展的政策，如提高社區(qū)護(hù)理人員的待遇和職業(yè)發(fā)展前景等，以吸引更多護(hù)理專業(yè)人才投身社區(qū)護(hù)理事業(yè)。社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)機構(gòu)也應(yīng)加強自身建設(shè)，提高服務(wù)水平和質(zhì)量，為護(hù)理實習(xí)生提供更好的職業(yè)發(fā)展平臺。Intermsofsocialfactors,wefoundthatfactorssuchassocialawarenessofcommunitynursing,policysupport,andthelevelofdevelopmentofcommunityhealthserviceinstitutionshaveasignificantimpactonthewillingnessofnursinginternstoworkinthecommunity.Inordertoenhancethesocialawarenessofcommunitynursing,thegovernmentandallsectorsofsocietyshouldincreasetheirpublicityeffortsoncommunitynursing,sothatmorepeoplecanunderstandtheimportanceandvalueofcommunitynursing.Thegovernmentshouldalsointroducemorepoliciestosupportthedevelopmentofcommunitynursing,suchasimprovingthetreatmentandcareerdevelopmentprospectsofcommunitynursingpersonnel,inordertoattractmorenursingprofessionalstoparticipateinthecommunitynursingindustry.Communityhealthserviceinstitutionsshouldalsostrengthentheirownconstruction,improvetheirservicelevelandquality,andprovideabettercareerdevelopmentplatformfornursinginterns.護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿受到多種因素的影響。為了提高護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)率和優(yōu)化社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)，我們需要從個人、學(xué)校和社會三個層面入手，綜合施策、多管齊下。個人應(yīng)明確自己的職業(yè)規(guī)劃和發(fā)展目標(biāo)，根據(jù)自身情況選擇合適的就業(yè)方向。學(xué)校應(yīng)加強對護(hù)理實習(xí)生的職業(yè)規(guī)劃指導(dǎo)和實踐教學(xué)，幫助他們更好地了解社區(qū)護(hù)理的重要性和發(fā)展前景。政府和社會各界應(yīng)加大對社區(qū)護(hù)理的宣傳力度和支持力度，提高社區(qū)護(hù)理的社會認(rèn)知度和吸引力。通過各方共同努力，我們有望推動護(hù)理實習(xí)生社區(qū)就業(yè)率的提升和社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)質(zhì)量的改善。Thewillingnessofnursinginternstoworkinthecommunityisinfluencedbyvariousfactors.Inordertoimprovethecommunityemploymentrateofnursinginternsandoptimizecommunityhealthservices,weneedtostartfromthreelevels:individuals,schools,andsociety,andimplementcomprehensivepoliciesandmultipleapproaches.Individualsshouldhaveclearcareerplansanddevelopmentgoals,andchoosesuitableemploymentdirectionsbasedontheirownsituation.Schoolsshouldstrengthencareerplanningguidanceandpracticalteachingfornursinginterns,helpingthembetterunderstandtheimportanceanddevelopmentprospectsofcommunitynursing.Thegovernmentandallsectorsofsocietyshouldincreasetheirpublicityandsupportforcommunitynursing,andimprovethesocialawarenessandattractivenessofcommunitynursing.Throughjointeffortsfromallparties,weareexpectedtopromotetheimprovementofcommunityemploymentratefornursinginternsandthequalityofcommunityhealthservices.六、結(jié)論Conclusion經(jīng)過對護(hù)理實習(xí)生社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿及其影響因素的深入分析和研究，本研究得出以下結(jié)論。Afterin-depthanalysisandresearchonthewillingnessofnursinginternstoworkinthecommunityanditsinfluencingfactors,thefollowingconclusionshavebeendrawnfromthisstudy.護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿呈現(xiàn)出一定的差異性和復(fù)雜性。多數(shù)護(hù)理實習(xí)生對社區(qū)就業(yè)持積極態(tài)度，認(rèn)為社區(qū)護(hù)理能夠提供更加全面和人性化的服務(wù)，同時也更容易獲得工作滿足感和成就感。然而，也有部分護(hù)理實習(xí)生對社區(qū)就業(yè)持保留態(tài)度，主要是擔(dān)心社區(qū)護(hù)理工作壓力大、收入水平低等問題。Thecommunityemploymentwillingnessofnursinginternsshowscertaindifferencesandcomplexity.Mostnursinginternshaveapositiveattitudetowardscommunityemployment,believingthatcommunitynursingcanprovidemorecomprehensiveandhumaneservices,whilealsomakingiteasiertoobtainjobsatisfactionandasenseofachievement.However,therearealsosomenursinginternswhoholdareservedattitudetowardscommunityemployment,mainlyconcernedaboutthehighpressureofcommunitynursingworkandlowincomelevels.影響護(hù)理實習(xí)生社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿的因素眾多，主要包括個人因素、家庭因素、學(xué)校因素和社會因素等。個人因素如個人興趣、職業(yè)規(guī)劃、自我認(rèn)知等，對護(hù)理實習(xí)生的就業(yè)選擇具有重要影響。家庭因素如家庭經(jīng)濟狀況、家庭期望等也會對護(hù)理實習(xí)生的就業(yè)選擇產(chǎn)生一定影響。學(xué)校因素如專業(yè)課程設(shè)置、實踐教學(xué)等則能夠影響護(hù)理實習(xí)生的專業(yè)能力和就業(yè)競爭力。社會因素如社區(qū)護(hù)理發(fā)展水平、就業(yè)政策等也會對護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿產(chǎn)生影響。Therearemanyfactorsthataffectthewillingnessofnursinginternstoworkinthecommunity,mainlyincludingpersonalfactors,familyfactors,schoolfactors,andsocialfactors.Personalfactorssuchaspersonalinterests,careerplanning,self-awareness,etc.haveasignificantimpactontheemploymentchoicesofnursinginterns.Familyfactorssuchasfamilyeconomicstatusandexpectationscanalsohaveacertainimpactontheemploymentchoicesofnursinginterns.Schoolfactorssuchasprofessionalcurriculumdesignandpracticalteachingcanaffecttheprofessionalabilitiesandemploymentcompetitivenessofnursinginterns.Socialfactorssuchasthelevelofcommunitynursingdevelopmentandemploymentpoliciescanalsohaveanimpactonthewillingnessofnursinginternstoworkinthecommunity.為了促進(jìn)護(hù)理實習(xí)生更好地適應(yīng)社區(qū)就業(yè)市場，提高社區(qū)護(hù)理服務(wù)的水平和質(zhì)量，我們建議從以下幾個方面入手：一是加強護(hù)理實習(xí)生的職業(yè)規(guī)劃和就業(yè)指導(dǎo)，幫助他們樹立正確的就業(yè)觀念；二是加強實踐教學(xué)和實習(xí)管理，提高護(hù)理實習(xí)生的專業(yè)能力和實踐經(jīng)驗；三是推動社區(qū)護(hù)理服務(wù)的發(fā)展和優(yōu)化，提高社區(qū)護(hù)理工作的吸引力和競爭力；四是加強政策支持和社會宣傳，為護(hù)理實習(xí)生提供更多的就業(yè)機會和職業(yè)發(fā)展空間。Inordertopromotenursinginternstobetteradapttothecommunityemploymentmarketandimprovethelevelandqualityofcommunitynursingservices,wesuggeststartingfromthefollowingaspects:firstly,strengtheningthecareerplanningandemploymentguidanceofnursinginterns,helpingthemestablishcorrectemploymentconcepts;Thesecondistostrengthenpracticalteachingandinternshipmanagement,improvetheprofessionalabilityandpracticalexperienceofnursinginterns;Thirdly,promotethedevelopmentandoptimizationofcommunitynursingservices,enhancetheattractivenessandcompetitivenessofcommunitynursingwork;Thefourthistostrengthenpolicysupportandsocialpublicity,providingmoreemploymentopportunitiesandcareerdevelopmentspacefornursinginterns.護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿及其影響因素是一個復(fù)雜而重要的問題，需要我們從多個角度進(jìn)行分析和研究。通過深入了解護(hù)理實習(xí)生的就業(yè)需求和影響因素，我們可以更好地指導(dǎo)他們的就業(yè)選擇和發(fā)展方向，推動社區(qū)護(hù)理服務(wù)的發(fā)展和優(yōu)化，為人民群眾提供更加全面、優(yōu)質(zhì)的護(hù)理服務(wù)。Thewillingnessofnursinginternstoworkinthecommunityanditsinfluencingfactorsisacomplexandimportantissuethatrequiresanalysisandresearchfrommultipleperspectives.Bydeeplyunderstandingtheemploymentneedsandinfluencingfactorsofnursinginterns,wecanbetterguidetheiremploymentchoicesanddevelopmentdirections,promotethedevelopmentandoptimizationofcommunitynursingservices,andprovidemorecomprehensiveandhigh-qualitynursingservicesforthepeople.八、附錄Appendix本研究使用的調(diào)查問卷主要圍繞護(hù)理實習(xí)生的社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿及其影響因素進(jìn)行設(shè)計。問卷包括個人基本信息、社區(qū)就業(yè)意愿、影響因素等多個部分，旨在全面了解護(hù)理實習(xí)生的就業(yè)觀念與實際情況。Thesurveyquestionnaireusedinthisstudyis