Unit3知識點和練習(xí)20232024學(xué)年牛津上海版（試用本）八年級英語下冊movev.移動movementn.動作feelv.感到feelingn.情感thinadj.瘦的thinner比較級thinnest最高級flowv.流動flew過去式flown過去分詞millionn.百萬millionairen.百萬富翁visibleadj.看得見的invisibleadj.看不見的versionn.視力succeedv.成功successn.成功successfuladj.成功的caren./v.關(guān)心，照顧carefuladj.仔細(xì)的carefullyadv.仔細(xì)地politeadj.禮貌的politelyadv.禮貌地politenessn.禮貌Impoliteadj.不禮貌的impolitelyadv.不禮貌地hopev.希望hopefuladj.有希望的chemicaladj.化學(xué)的chemistryn.化學(xué)chemistn.化學(xué)家worryv.擔(dān)心worriedadj.感到擔(dān)心的beginv.開始，起始beginnern.初學(xué)者buryv.埋buries一般現(xiàn)在時三單buried過去式/過去分詞scratchv.抓撓scratches一般現(xiàn)在時三單scratched過去式/過去分詞realadj.真實的reallyadv.真實地batteryn.電池batteriespl.電池（復(fù)數(shù)）servantn.仆人servev.服務(wù)servicen.服務(wù)electricityn.電electriciann.電工electricadj.發(fā)電的explainv.解釋，說明explanationn.解釋，說明energyn.能量energeticadj.精力充沛的1.1.servantn.仆人；傭人e.g.Fireandwatermaybegoodservants,butbadmasters.[諺]水火是忠仆，用之不慎成災(zāi)主。Apoliticianshouldbeaservantofthepeople.政治家應(yīng)當(dāng)是人民的公仆?！局R拓展】servev.服務(wù)，待客e.g.Theyservedtheguestsawonderfuldinner.他們以盛宴招待客人們。servicen.服務(wù)e.g.Thetrainservicetothecapitalisverygood.開往首都的火車服務(wù)設(shè)施非常好。2.trickv.欺騙；坑人e.g.Hertrickedmeintogivinghimthemoney.他哄騙我給了他錢。（常與outof連用）騙走，惡作劇e.g.Hispartnertriedtotrickhimoutofhisshare.他的合伙人企圖騙走他的股份?！局R拓展】trickn.詭計；騙術(shù)，花招e.g.Icandomagictricks.我會變魔術(shù)。Thechildrenplayedatrickontheirteacher.孩子們捉弄了他們的老師。3.electricityn.電e.g.Thepowerstationsupplieselectricitytothisarea.這個電站供應(yīng)這個區(qū)域的電?！局R拓展】electriciann.電工electricadj.發(fā)電的，由電產(chǎn)生的e.g.anelectriccenerator發(fā)電機(jī)anelectricplug電源插頭anelectriciron電熨斗總結(jié)類似詞性轉(zhuǎn)換，historyhistoricalhistoric/economyeconomic等等4.flowv.流動e.g.Thecarsflowedinasteadystreamalongthemainroad.汽車在主干道上不停地駛過?！境Ｓ么钆洹縡lowaway流走；流逝flowdown流下flowinto流入e.g.Timeflowsawayquickly.時光飛逝。Waterfallflowsdowntothebottomofthehill.瀑布飛流直下到山腳下。Riversflowintothesea.江河流入海中。5.metern.儀表；計量表【常用搭配】agasmeter煤氣表anelectricitymeter電表aspeedmeter速度表e.g.There'sagasmeterineveryhome.在每間屋里都有煤氣表。meter還有“米”的意思，例如threemeters三米6.amountn.數(shù)量；量e.g.Noamountofwashingwillremovethem.怎么洗也洗不掉。Whatistheamountofthis?這總共是多少？alargeamountofamountsofanumberofthenumberof7.monthlyadv.每月一次e.g.Amonthlypaperisprintedeverymonth.Wereaditmonthly.月刊是每月印刷的，我們按月讀它。Wepaythetelephonebillmonthly.我們每月付一次賬單?！局R拓展】dailyadv.每天一次，每天地weeklyadv.每周一次，每周地yearlyadv.每年一次，每年地8.explanationn.解釋；解說；說明e.g.Theonlyexplanationforhisbehaviouristhathe'smad.對他的行為的唯一解釋就是他瘋了?！局R拓展】explainv.解釋；說明e.g.Canyouexplainwhyyouwerelate?你能解釋一下你為什么遲到嗎？加tion變名詞的例子。inviteinvitation、inventinvention、promotepromotion、locatelocation、addaddition、等等9.scratchv.搔；撓e.g.Hescratchedtheinsectbiteonhislegwithhisnails.他用指甲撓他腿上蟲咬的地方。（常與out，off，through連用）刮掉，削去；擦去：刪掉；劃掉e.g.Hernamehadbeenscratchedoutofthelist.她的名字已從名單上劃掉了。Couldyouhelpmescratchtherustoffthewheel?你能幫我把輪子上的銹刮掉嗎？10.invisibleadj.看不見的；無形的e.g.Airisinvisrble,butwecanfeelitwhenitmoves.空氣是看不見的，但是當(dāng)它移動的時候我們能感受到?！局R拓展】visibleadj.看得見的；明顯的；顯著的visionn.視力e.g.Airisn'tavisibleobject.空氣不是可見物體。Shehasgoodvision.她的視力很好。英語否定的前綴主要有aabanticounterdedisiliminirmalmisnonun等。

aab主要加在形容詞動詞前，例如atypical非典型性的，abnormal非正常的；abuse濫用、錯誤使用、虐待；

anti加在名詞、形容詞前邊。最常見的是antiJapanese抗日戰(zhàn)爭、antisocial厭惡社會的反社會的、antidite解毒的藥；

counter加在名詞、動詞前，例如：counterstrike反擊、counteract抵抗阻礙、counterrevolution反革命。

de加在名詞、形容詞前，常見的例詞有decrease減少，deteriorate惡化，demobilize遣散使…復(fù)員、decolor脫色漂白；

dis主要加在名詞、形容詞，動詞之前，dis為否定前綴的詞有：disadvantage缺點、dishonorable不光彩的、disagree不同意、disappear消失、disarm解除武裝、disconnect失去聯(lián)系

il主要加在以1開頭的單詞的前邊，比如：illegal非法的、illiterate文盲的、illogical不合邏輯的；

im加在字母m,b,p之前，這樣的詞有impossible不可能的、impolite不禮貌的

in常加在形容詞，名詞之前，如incorrect不正確的、inability無能無力、inaccurate不準(zhǔn)確的等；

ir放在以r開頭的英語單詞前面，比如：irregular不穩(wěn)定的、irresistable不可抵抗的、irresolvable不能分解的不能解決的；

mal主要加在形容詞名詞之前，例如malfunction功能紊亂，malicious惡意的；

mis加在動詞、名詞前，例詞misunderstand誤解、misjudge誤判、misleading誤導(dǎo)、misfortune不幸；

non加在形容詞、名詞前，這樣以non為否定前綴的詞有nonexistence不存在、nonessential不主要的、nonelectrical非電的；

un主要放于名詞，形容詞，副詞前面，常見的例子有unfinished未完成的、undoubted無疑的、unemployment失業(yè)。11.formn.形狀；形式e.g.Heseemstodislikeanyformofexercise.他好像討厭任何方式的運動?！局R拓展】formn.方式；制度e.g.Differentcountrieshavedifferentformsofgovernment.不同的國家有不同的政治制度。l2.energyn.能量e.g.Youngpeopleusuallyhavemoreenergythantheold.年輕人通常比老年人有活力。EachyearAmericansuseahighpercentageoftheworld'senergy.每年美國人消耗掉世界能源的比例很高?！局R拓展】energeticadj.精力充沛的e.g.Heisanenergeticchild.他是個精力旺盛的孩子。辨析energy,force,power,strength這組詞的共同意思是“能”“能量”“精力”。其區(qū)別在于:1.energy在物理學(xué)定義中為“能”“能量”,用于生理學(xué)上指“精力”。2.power系一般用語,可指動力、思維能力等各種力量或能力。例如:Acarneedsalotofpowertogofast.汽車高速行駛需要很大動力。3.strength指某人或某物所具有的內(nèi)在力量,可指體力、力氣或抽象的力量。例如:Hehasn'tgotenoughstrengthtogetoutofbed.他沒有足夠的力氣下床。Unionisstrength.團(tuán)結(jié)就是力量。4.force指的是物質(zhì)或精神力量,多指為做成某事而使用的力量,也常指武力。例如:Wehadtouseforcetogetintothehouse.我們不得不強(qiáng)行進(jìn)屋。13.bulbn.電燈泡e.g.Thebulbisbroken.Pleasechangeanotherone.這個燈泡壞了，請再換一個。14.connectv.連接，聯(lián)合e.g.Willyouconnectthiswiretothetelevision?你把這根電線和電視機(jī)連上好嗎？Thisthickwireisconnectedtomyputer.這根粗電線連接到我的電腦上。ThisflightconnectswithaflightforNewYork.這個航班可接上飛往紐約的一班飛機(jī)?！境Ｓ么钆洹縞onnectwith和……有聯(lián)系，和……有關(guān)e.g.PeopleconnectViennawithwaltzesandcoffeehouses.人們一提到維也納就會聯(lián)想到華爾茲圓舞曲和咖啡館。connectwith是和……有關(guān),和……有聯(lián)系的意思.如:Heisconnectedwiththemurder.那件謀殺案和他有關(guān).也可以這樣用:connectsth./sbwithsb./sth.

connectto的意思是把……連接到……如:Pleaseconnecttheputertointernet.把電腦連到因特網(wǎng)上15.buryv.埋葬，掩埋e.g.Thehousewashalfburiedundersnow.房子一半埋在雪中。Manymenwereburiedundergroundwhentherewasanaccidentatthemine.礦上發(fā)生意外事故時，許多礦工都被埋在地下。Heburiedhimselfinhiswork.他埋頭工作。16.politelyadv.客氣地，斯文地e.g.Youshouldserveourguestspohiely.你必須有禮貌地服務(wù)我們的客人。Tomofferedmeacigarette.Irefusedpolitely.湯姆給我一支煙，我禮貌地拒絕了?！局R拓展】politeadj.有禮貌的；斯文的politenessn.有禮，優(yōu)雅e.g.Itwasn'tverypoliteofyoutoserveyourselfwithoutasking.你也不問一聲就自己吃起來是不太禮貌的。17.grinv.露齒笑，咧嘴笑e.g.Therewasagrinonhisfacewhenheopenedhisbirthdaypresents.當(dāng)他打開他的生日禮物時，他的臉上露齒一笑?！局R拓展】grinvt.咧嘴而笑e.g.Hewasgrinningwithdelight.他高興得咧開嘴笑。各種笑的英文單詞burstintolaughter突然大笑crackasmile展顏微笑，莞爾一笑explodewithlaughter哄堂大笑forceasmile強(qiáng)作歡顏burstintogalesoflaughter爆發(fā)出陣陣笑聲grinwithdelight高興的咧嘴而笑aheartyburstoflaughter一陣爽朗的歡笑institches笑不可支laughat嘲笑laughitoff一笑而過laughingstock笑料；笑柄laughinthebreeze迎風(fēng)歡笑laughoneselftodeath差點沒笑死laughaheartylaugh放聲大笑，開懷大笑roarsoflaughter大笑聲asaccharinesmile諂笑，諂媚的笑rollintheaisles樂不可支，笑得東倒西歪screamwithlaughter笑得前仰后合snicker竊笑snort（諷刺、輕蔑地）高聲大笑shriekwithlaughter尖聲狂笑smileshyly羞嗒嗒地微笑beamwithsmiles笑容滿面；笑逐顏開simmerwithlaughter忍俊不禁smileonsb.朝某人微笑smirk傻笑；假笑smilebitterly苦笑giggle咯咯地笑grin咧嘴而笑grinfromeartoear嘴咧得大大地笑chuckle輕聲笑；咯咯笑18.batteryn.電池e.g.Ourbuswon'tstartbecausethebatteryisflat.我們的大客車發(fā)動不起來了，因為電池壞了。Thispocketcalculatorneedstwobatteries.這個袖珍計算器需用兩節(jié)干電池。battery的復(fù)數(shù)形式為batteries19.containv.包含，含有e.g.Pigironmaycontarn4%ofcarbon.生鐵可含百分之四的碳。Thebottlecontainstwopints.這瓶裝兩品脫。指點迷津：contain,hold兩個單詞都含“包含，容納”的意思。contain著重“其中確實包含有”。e.g.Thebottlecontainswater.這個瓶子里有水。hold指“能容納”。e.g.Thehouseholds20people.這房子能住下20人。二、重要句型ImportantSentencesstructures1.1.Shethinksshecanbuyitinpackets,likesweets！句中can是一個情態(tài)動詞，意為“能，可能”。情態(tài)動詞無詞性變化，表主語或說話者的語氣。(1)肯定句：主語+can+動詞原形……e.g.Icanplayfootball.我能踢足球。(2)否定句：主語+cannot(can't)+動詞原形……e.g.Ican'tplayfootball.我不能踢足球。(3)疑問句：Can+主語+動詞原形……回答：Yes,+主語十can./No,+主語+can't.e.g.Canyouplayfootball?Yes,Ican./No,Ican't.你能踢足球嗎？是的，我能。／不，我不能。2.…althoughelectricityismuchmoredangerousthanwater.(1)more+adj.+than…e.g.Isthissnakemoredangerousthanthatone?這條蛇比那一條更危險嗎？(2)more十n./phrase十than…e.g.TherearemorestudentsinClass3thanthoseinClass2.三班的學(xué)生比二班的多。【知識拓展】關(guān)于比較級和最高級:(1)對于單音節(jié)或雙音節(jié)的形容詞我們一般在后面加上er和est。e.g.smallsmallersmallest;bigbiggerbiggest,funnyfunnierfunniestslowslowerslowest;fastfasterfastest但要注意一些由形容詞變化而來的副詞，雖然其形式上為雙音節(jié)，但它們的比較級和最高級要加more和most。e.g.slowlymoreslowlythemostslowly;friendlymorefriendlythemostfriendly;happilymorehappilythemosthappily(2)對于多音節(jié)的形容詞，它們的比較級和最高級要加more和most。e.g.beautifulmorebeautifulthemostbeautiful;dangerousmoredangerousthemostdangerous,difficultmoredifficultthemostdifficult3.Youmustalwaysbecarefulwithit.句中must是一個情態(tài)動詞，意為“必須，一定”。(1)肯定句：主語+must+動詞原形……e.g.Imustgohomenow.我現(xiàn)在必須回家。(2)否定句：主語+mustnot(mustn't)+動詞原形……e.g.Imustn’tgohomenow.我現(xiàn)在不準(zhǔn)回家。(3)疑問句：Must+主語+動詞原形……回答：Yes,十主語+must.／No,+主語十needn't.e.g.MustIgohomenow?Yes,youmust.／No,youneedn't.現(xiàn)在我必須回家嗎？是的，你必須。／不，你不必。4.MayIhavemypacketofelectricity?句中may是一個情態(tài)動詞，意為“可以”。(1)肯定句：主語+may+動詞原形…¨e.g.Youmaysitdown.你可以坐下。(2)否定句：主語+maynot+動詞原形……Youmaynotsitdown.你不可以坐下。(3)疑問句：May+主語+動詞原形……回答：Yes,+主語+may./No,+主語+maynot.e.g.MayIsitdown?Yes,youmay./No,youmaynot.我可以坐下嗎？是的，你可以。／不，你不可以。( )1.—MustIgotobuytheticketformyparentsnow?—No,you . D.needn't()2.Heis_______electrician,hecandealwiththe______problem.A.a;electricalB.an;electricalC.the;electricalD.the;electric()3.These________thickwiresthatareburiedunderthestreet.A.connecttoB.connectwithC.areconnectedD.areconnectedto()4.Wecanchangeelectricityintoformsofenergythatwecansee,hearorfeel.Here“forms”means“________”A.partsB.waysC.kindsD.species()5.Myhomeisabout_______ourschool.A.10milesfarawayB.10milesfromC.10milesfarfromD.10milesforII、RewritethefollowingsentencesasrequiredIt’sabouttwentyminutes’walkfrommyhometoourschool.(對劃線部分提問)_________________isitfromyourhometoyourschool.Theoldmanspentnearlyoneandahalfhoursgoingtohisdaughter’shouseonfoot.(改為同義句)It_______theoldmanspentnearlyoneandahalfhours_____gotohisdaughter’shouseonfoot.Youshouldtakeagoodrestafterworkingeveryday.(改為同義句)Itis_______foryou________takeagoodrestafterworkingeveryday.Heisgoingtovisitherunclenextweek.(對劃線部分提問)________________hegoingtovisitheruncle?TheboyswereplayingwhenIgotthere.(改為一般疑問句)_______theboys_______whenIgotthere?III、Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords.Themostw______spokenlanguageintheworldisEnglish.Manypeopleunderstandanduseitt______theworld.Indeed,Englishisaveryi_______andusefullanguage.IfweknowEnglish,wecantravelanywhereandwew_______havenodifficultymakingourselvesunderstood.Englishisgreatlyusedinthestudyofallk_____ofsubjects.Severalbooksarew______inEnglisheverydaytoteachpeoplemanyusefulthings.Therefore,theEnglishlanguagehashelpedtospreadknowledgetoallpartsoftheworld.Englishhasalsoservedtoboringt______thedifferentpeopleoftheworldbyhelpingthemtotalkwithoneanother.Keys:DBDBB1.Howfar2.took;to3.necessary;to4.Whenis5.Were;playingwidely;throughout;important;will;kinds;written;together冠詞【知識梳理1】冠詞概述1．冠詞是虛詞，本身不能單獨使用，也沒有詞義，它用在名詞的前面，幫助指明名詞的含義。2．冠詞分為不定冠詞和定冠詞兩種：不定冠詞用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞之前，通常帶有“一”、“某一”、“一種”的含義；定冠詞則表示名詞為特定者，表示“這”、“那”、“這些”、“那些”的意思，在可數(shù)的單復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞前面都可以用?！局R梳理2】不定冠詞用法“a”用在以輔音音素開始的單詞前，如：abeautifulgirl,ausefulbook等；而“an”則用于以元音音素開始的單詞前，如：anhour,anumbrella1.用來表示一類人或事物e.g.Sheisateacher.2.指某一類人或事物中的一個e.g.Anelephantisbiggerthanahorse.3.泛指某一人或事物e.g.Amaniswaitingforyouattheschoolgate.4.相當(dāng)于“one”的概念e.g.Ijustboughtanewdictionary.5.固定詞組atadistance離開一定距離haveawalk/arest/alookinahurry匆匆忙忙makeaface作鬼臉dosomebodyafavour幫某人忙anumberof=manyhaveagoodtime(玩得好)haveacold(感冒)haveaheadache(頭痛)haveabreak=havearestasarule(照例)6.在序數(shù)詞的含意不是順序中的第一第二，而其意在于再學(xué)一個，再來一個時，應(yīng)用ae.g.:Iwanttolearnasecondlanguagethisterm.本句的意思應(yīng)為：這學(xué)期我要學(xué)一門第二外語。7.a/an在一些習(xí)慣用語中alotabitalittleafewaglassofapairofhavearesthaveabreakhaveagoodtimeinahurryinaminuteforawhilehavealookwithasmiletakeanactivepartintakeawalk【例題精講】例1:Suziewouldliketowrite______articleforherschoolnewspaper.A.aB.anC.the D./例2:Kittyissuch______honeststudentthatsheisoftenpraisedbyherteachers.A.a B.an C.the D./Keys:BB【鞏固練習(xí)】Choosethebestanswer.1.Aliceis____________honestgirl.Nowsheis____________universitystudent.Shewillbemademonitorofherclass.A.a,an,the B.an,a,the C.an,a,/D./,a,/2.Sheis___________Europeangirl,butshelivesinJapan.A.a B.an C./D.the3.—Isthat________uniformforthestudent?—Yes,butit’s________unusualone.A.a,an B.an,a C.a,aD.an,an4.MumlookedsadlyatMcdullbecauseheachieved________“H”inspelling.A.a B.the C.anD./5.Mybrotheris_________universitystudentandhehas_________Europeangirlfriend.A.a…an B.the…a C.an…a D.a…a6.Thereis________“u”intheword“university”. A.the B.an C.a D./7.Learningfromsuccessfulpeopleis________goodwaytogainwealthandsuccess. A)a B)an C)the D)/8.Theyoungmanbesidetheteacheris________universitystudent. A)the B)/ C)an D)a9.TheOxfordEnglishDictionaryis________usefultoolforustolearnEnglish. A.a B.an C.the D./10.Thisis________usefulbookandIwanttobuyitfromthebookshop.A)a B)an C)/ D)the11. Terrylovesdrawingandexpectstobe________artistwhenhegrowsup. A)the B)a C)an D)/【Keys】15CAACD611CADAAC【知識梳理3】定冠詞的用法1、特指某(些)人或某(些)物，這是定冠詞的基本用法。例如:Theblueshirtismine.2、指談話雙方都知道的人或事物。例如：Openthewindow,please.3、指上文已經(jīng)提到的人或事物。例如：Ihaveacar.Thecarisred.4、指世界上獨一無二的事物。例如：Whichisbigger,thesunortheearth?5、用在序數(shù)詞，形容詞最高級前。例如：Thefirstlessonistheeasiestoneinthisbook.6、用在由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前。例如：theUnitedStates7、用在某些形容詞前，表示某一類人。例如:thepoor窮人,theblind盲人8、用在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妻倆”。例如：theGreens格林一家或格林夫妻倆9、用在方位詞前。例如:ontheleft在左邊，inthemiddleof在中間10、用在樂器名稱前。例如：Sheplaysthepianoeveryday.11、用在表示海洋，河流，山脈，群島及國家和黨派等名詞前。例如：theBlackSea黑海，theYangziRiver長江12、用在某些固定詞組中：allthesame仍然；allthetime一直；atthemoment此刻；atthesametime同時；bytheway順便說；dotheshopping/washing買東西/洗衣服；inthemorning/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/晚上；intheopenair在戶外，在野外【鞏固練習(xí)】1.Janeisgoingto___________movieswithherparentsthisweekend. A)a B)an C)the D)/2.JustnowIsaw__________boyyouarelookingforplayingaloneinthisgarden.A)/ B)a C)an D)the3.Itisdifficultfor________blindtocrossthestreet.Wemusthelpthem. A)a B)the C)a,/ D)an4.BarakObama,firstAfricanAmericanpresidentoftheUSA,wasalwayslaughedatbyotherswhenhewasakid.A)a B)an C)the D)/5. Paultoldmethathehadboughtanewflaton________phone. A)a B)an C)the D)/6.________onlykeytothesafeiskeptinMrs.White’sroom.Nobodyknowswhereitis.A)A B)An C)The D)/7. Medicalteamsaretravellingtothedisasterareatocarefor______wounded. A)a B)an C)the D)/8. Someofthestudentsinmyclassliketoplay______violinintheirfreetime. A)a B)an C)the D)/Keys:15CDBCC68CCC【知識梳理4】零冠詞用法在專有名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前。例如：Tian’anMenSquare天安門廣場2、可數(shù)名詞前已有作定語的物主代詞(my，your，his，her等)、指示代詞(this/these，that/those)、不定代詞(some，any等)及所有格限制時。例如mybook(正)；mythebook(誤)3、復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人或事物時。例如：a.Theyareteachers.4、在星期，月份，季節(jié)，節(jié)日前:例如：onSunday在周日，inMarch在三月，inspring在春天，onWomen’sDay在婦女節(jié)(特例：如果月份，季節(jié)等被一個限定性定語修飾時，則要加定冠詞：HejoinedtheArmyinthespringof1982.他在1982年春季參軍。)在稱呼語或表示頭銜的名詞前。例如：Tom湯姆，Mum媽媽5、在學(xué)科名稱，三餐飯和球類運動名稱前。例如：Ihavelunchatschooleveryday.在表特定的公園，街道，車站，橋，學(xué)校等之前。例如：No.25MiddleSchool7、某些固定詞組中不用冠詞。(1)與by連用的交通工具名稱前：bybus乘公共汽車；bycar乘汽車；bybike騎/坐自行車；bytrain乘火車；byair/plane乘飛機(jī)；bysea/ship乘船，但takeabus，inaboat，onthebike前需用冠詞(2)名詞詞組：dayandnight日日夜夜；brotherandsister兄弟姐妹;hourafterhour時時刻刻；hereandthere到處(3)介詞詞組：athome在家；insurprise驚奇地；atnoon在中午;onfoot步行；atnight在晚上；onduty值日；atwork在工作；ontime準(zhǔn)時；forexample例如；inclass在上課；onshow展覽；inbed在床上(4)go短語：gohome回家；gotobed上床睡覺；gotoschool去上學(xué)；gotowork去上班；goshopping/swimming/boating/fishing去買東西/游泳/劃船/釣魚【鞏固練習(xí)】1.—MayIopenbag,sir?—Ofcourse,butit'sfullof____dirtyclothes.A.the,/B.the,theC./,/D.a,/2._____familyofteneatsuppertogether.A./,/B.The,theC.The,/D.A,a3.miceareoftenfoundin______dirtyhouses.A.The,theB.The,/C./,anyofD./,/4.Myfatherneverletsusgoto________moviesourselves.A./B.aC.theD.someof5.—Haveyoueverbeento________Netherlands?—No,butIhavebeentoFrance.A.the,theB./,/C./,theD.the,/6.Asthereisnobridgeovertheriver,peoplehavetocrossit_______.A.inboatB.ontheboatC.byaboatD.byboat7.girlat______checkoutwastoobusytoanswermyquestion.A.The,theB.A,theC.The,aD.A,a8.—Hello,isBettythere?—I'msorry,you'vegot_____.wrongnumber.A.aB.theC./D.some9.Peteralwayscamehomefrom____schoolverylate,sohismotherwentto_____schooltofindout.A./,/B.the,theC.the,/D./,the10.Samsold._______.pictureseveryday,andall_______.picturesinhisshopwerecheap.A./,theB./,/C.the,/D.the.the11._____enjoywatching_________MickeyMouseonTV.A.Mostchildren,/B.Themostchildren,theC.Mostchildren,theD.Mostofchildren,/12.Manyriversinourcountryranfrom_______westto..............east.A.the,theB./,/C.the,/D./,the13.—What's_____postagefor_______parcel,sir?—I'llweighitfirst.A.a,theB.a,aC.the,theD.the,a14.______dictionaryis_______usefulbook.A.A,aB.The,anC.The,theD.A,the15.HecollectsChinesepaintingsfor______hobbies,butnotfor_____money.A./,/B.the,theC.the,/D./,theKEYS:15ACDCD610DABDA1115ABCAAI.Choosethebestanswer.1.

Therewillbe_____interviewbetweenthemanagerandhisassistantsthisafternoon.. A.an B.a C.the D./2.

LittleTonyis__________honestboy.Henevertellslies.A.a B.an C./ D.the3.

Pleasestayfordinner.Itwillbereadyinhalf______hour. A.a B.an C.the D./4.

Canyousee_____oneeyedcowin_____field?A.．a(chǎn)n,theB.．a(chǎn),the C.．/,the D.．a(chǎn),a5.

A:Whichgirlisyourdaughter,Mr.White?B:Oh,look,thatlittleoneinred.A.a B.an C./

D.the6.

Hisfatheris________engineer.Healwayswears_______uniformatwork.A.a...aB.a...anC.an...aD.an...an7.

______youngmanbesidemeis_______universitystudent.A.An…a B.An…/ C.The…an D.The…a8.

______girlwithatoyinherhandismylittlesister.A. A B.An C.The D./9.

Myfriend,Harry,hisfavoritesportisplaying______golf.A.aB.an C.theD./10.

Lastweek,Iwrote______articleonourSchoolFoodFestivaltoShanghaiStudents’Post.A.the B.an C.a D./11.It’s______pleasureformetobeinvitedtoplay_____pianoattheconcert.A.the,a B.a,the C.a,a D.a,/12.

Iliketoread______book.It’sbetterthanreadingontheInternet. A./ B.a C.an D.the13.

Heorderedabooksometimeagoandnow______bookhasarrived.A.a B.the C.an D./14.

Heorderedawashingmachinebyphonetwodaysago,andmachinehasarrived.A.aB.anC.theD./15.

__________teachersaidthatJackwas__________newstudentandhewas________honest.A.The,a,\B.A,the,aC.A,a,anD.The,a,an16.

Tomlikesplaying______football,whileLilylikesplayingviolin.A.the…/ B./…the C.the…the D./…/17.

Pleasegeteverythingready.Ourmeetingwillbegininhalf______hour. A.a B.an C.the D./18.

It’sabouthalf________hour’swalkfromhereto_________nearestundergroundstation.A.a…the B.an…the C./…the D.the…a19．Morecollegegraduateswouldliketoworkin______westpartofourcountry____nextyear.A.the,the B./,/ C./,the D.the,/20．Mygrandpausedtohave______walkinthegardenafter____supper.A.a,a B./,a C.a,/ D./,/答案：ABBBCCDCDBBBBCABBBDC.Choosethebestanswer.ArnoldSchwarzeneggerwasborninGraz,AustriaonJuly30,1947.Heenjoyedplayingsportsasachild,andhebeganliftingweightstobuilduphisstrength（力量）forfootballandswimming.Then,whenhewasaround15yearsold,hestartedtoliftweightsseriouslyforbodybuilding（健美）.HealsobegantakingpartinbodybuildingpetitionsinEnglandatthistime.Whenhewas18,hewontheJuniorMr.Europepetition.Then,helaterwonMr.Olympia.In1968,whenhewas21yearsold,Mr.SchwarzeneggerwenttotheUnitedStates.Hecontinuedtoenterandwinbodybuildingpetitions,buthealsostartedapanywhichhelpedbuildbuildingstoearnmoremoney.In1970,hemadeamoviecalledHerculesinNewYork.Forthemovie,hechangedhisnametoArnoldStronginsteadofusinghisrealname.Thiswashisfirstacingjob.In1973,heactedinasmartpartinanothermoviecalledThelongGoodbye.Mr.Schwarzeneggerfinallydecidedthatheshouldretirefrombodybuildinginthelate1970safterhehadwon13worldchampionships（冠軍）.Aroundthetimeofhisretirementfrombodybuilding,hemadeanotherfilmcalledPumpingIroninwhichthebodybuilderplayedhimself.Hefinallydecidedthathisfuturewasinacting.However,manypeopledidnotthinkthatthebodybuilderwiththefunnywayofspeakingwascutoutforacting.ItwasnotuntilmovieslikeConantheBarbarianandTerminatormademillionsofdollarsthatHollywoodbegantoseeArnoldSchwarzeneggerasarealactor.1.ArnoldSchwarzeneggershowedgreatinterestin______whenhewasveryyoung.A.makingfilmsB.playingsportsC.actingD.travelling2.ArnoldSchwarzeneggerwontheJuniorMr.Europepetitionwhenhewas______.A.13B.15C.18D.213.AfterArnoldSchwarzeneggerwenttoUSA,hestartedapanywhichhelped______.A.buildbuildingsB.makefilmsC.trainbodybuildersD.sellbuildings4.ArnoldSchwarzenegger’sfirstfilmwas______.A.PumpingIronB.ThelongGoodbyeC.HerculesinNewYorkD.Terminator5.Inthelate1970sArnoldSchwarzeneggerdecidedto______.A.giveupactinginfilmsB.takepartinmorepetitionsC.starthisownfilmpanyD.retirefrombodybuilding6.Thephase“”isclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedpartinthelastparagraph.A.fitforB.pooratC.badforD.fondof7.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?A.ArnoldSchwarzeneggerwasborninabigcityinEngland.B.ArnoldSchwarzeneggerwon13worldchampionshipsforbodybuilding.C.ArnoldSchwarzeneggerbeganactingafterheretiredfrombodybuilding.D.ArnoldSchwarzeneggerusedhisrealnameinallthefilms.keys：1.B2.C3.A4.C5.D6.A7.B=2\*ROMANIII.Fillintheblankswithproperwords.Carefulandcarelessareasdifferentasfireandwater.Butstrangelyenough,manyscientistsareb1carefulandcareless.Newton,thefamousEnglishscientist,wassuchaperson.OnceNewtoninvitedafriendtohavedinnerathome.Whentheywerereadytoeat,Newtonlefttogetabottleofwine.Butafterhisfriendhadw2foralongtime,Newtonstilldidn'teback.FinallyhisfriendfoundNewtoninhislab.ThereasonwasthatwhenNewtonwasgoingtogetthebottleofwine,hesuddenlyhadanewideafortheexperimenthewasdoing,sohec3forgothisfriendandthedinner.TherewasanothertimewhenNewtonwasleadingahorseupamountain,holdingthereininhishand.Whilehewaswalking,hekeptt4oftheproblemshehadmetinhisstudies.Whenhegottothetopofthemountain,hefoundthatthereinwasnotinhishandandthatthehorsewasgone.Amongscientists,therearemanypeoplelikeNewton.Einsteinwasone.Oncehewaswaitingforafriendatabridge.Whilewaiting,hebecamelostinthought.Its5torain.Therainkeptonforsometime.WhenEinsteintookoutapieceofpaperfromhispockettowritesomethingd6,thepaperwaswetandthenherealizedthatitwasraining.Hisclotheshadbeepletelywet.Butafterheputthepaperintohispocket,heagainforgothewasstandingintherain.Manyscientistsarecarelessabouthowtheylive.Thisisbecausetheyaretoocarefulintheirs7.生詞：rein韁繩KEYS:bothwaitedpletelythinkingstarteddownstudiesHomework基礎(chǔ)篇I.Choosethebestanswer.()1.Mybrotherworksin______shop.Yesterdaywas______holidayand_____shopwasnotopen.A)a...a..