初三寒假第二講：九年級(jí)unit3unit4Unit3Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare?課文回顧2dRoleplaytheconversation.HeWei:ThisisFunTimesPark—thebiggestamusementparkinmycity!Alice:I'mexcitedtotrytherides!HeWei:Whatshouldwestartwith?There'sSpaceWorld,WaterWorld,AnimalWorld...Alice:Beforewedecide,couldyoufirsttellmewherethe_________（洗手間）are?HeWei:Pardon?Restroom?Youwanttorest?Butwehaven'teven_______(start)yet!Alice:Ohno,Idon'tm_____that.Imean...youknow,awashroomor_________（浴室）.HeWei:Hmm...soyoumean...thetoilets?Alice:Yes!Sorry,maybepeopleinChinadon'toftenusetheword“restroom”whentheyspeakEnglish.HeWei:That'sright.InChina,we_______(normal)say“toilet”or“washroom”inEnglish.Anyway,they'reoverthere.Alice:OK.I'llbequick!HeWei:Noproblem.Youdon'tneedto______（倉促）!Unit3SectionA3aFunTimesPark—AlwaysaFunTime![AliceandHeWeiareinSpaceWorld]Alice:Iwonder___weshouldgonext.HeWei:Howaboutthatnewrideoverthere?Alice:Well...itlooksscary.HeWei:eon!Ipromiseit’llbe___________(excite)!Ifyou’rescared,justshoutorholdmyhand.[Aftertheride]Alice:Youwereright!Thatwasfun!Iwasscaredatfirst,but(shout)didhelp.HeWei:See,thatwasn’tsobad,right?Youneverknow__________youtrysomething.Alice:Yes,I’msogladItriedit.HeWei:DoyouwanttogotoWaterWorldnow?Alice:Sure,butI’m__________(get)hungry.Doyouknowwherewecangetsomegoodfoodquickly?HeWei:Ofcourse!I__________(建議)WaterCityRestaurantinWaterWorld.Itservesdeliciousfood.Alice:Great!Let’sgo![OntheirwaytoWaterCityRestaurant,AliceandHeWeipass__________UncleBob’s.]Alice:Look!Thisrestaurantlooksinteresting.Thesignsaysarockbandplayshereeveryevening.HeWei:Whydon’tweebackherefordinnerlater?Let’saskwhattimethebandstartsplaying.[AliceandHeWeiwalkuptoastaffpersonatthedoor.]HeWei:Excuseme,couldyoutelluswhenthebandstartsplayingthisevening?taff:Eighto’clock.Therestaurantisalwaysbusy,soealittle__________(early)togetatable.HeWei:OK.Thankyou!Unit3SectionB2bCouldyouplease...?Whenyouvisitaforeigncountry,itisimportanttoknowhow__________(ask)forhelp__________(polite).Forexample,youmayask“Wherearetherestrooms?”or“Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare?”Thesearesimilar__________(請(qǐng)求)for(方向).Bothare(正確的),butthefirstonesoundsmorepolite.Thatisbecauseitisavery__________(directly)question.Itisnotenoughtojustaskaquestioncorrectly.Wealsoneedtolearnhowtobepolitewhenweaskforhelp.Goodspeakerschangethewaytheyspeakindifferent__________(situation).Theexpressionstheyusemightdependontheyarespeakingtoorhowwelltheyknoweachother.Itisallrighttoaskyourclassmatesdirectquestionsbecauseyouknowthemwell.However,ifyousaytoyourteacher,“Whenistheschooltrip?”,thismightsound(polite).Butifyousay,“Excuseme,Mr.West.Doyouknowwhentheschooltripis?”,thiswillsoundmuchmorepolite.Usuallypolitequestionsarelonger.Theyincludeexpressionssuchas“Couldyouplease...?”or“MayIask...?”Itsoundsmorepolitetosay,“Peter,couldyoupleasetellmeyouremailaddress?”than“Peter,tellmeyouremailaddress.”Sometimesweevenneedtospendtime__________(lead)intoarequest.Forexample,wemightfirstsaytoa(陌生人),“Excuseme,Iwonderifyoucanhelpme”or“I’msorrytotroubleyou,but...”beforeaskingforhelp.Itmightseem__________(difficult)tospeakpolitelythandirectly.However,itisimportanttolearnhowtousetherightlanguageindifferentsituations.Thiswillalsohelpyoumunicatebetter__________otherpeople.重點(diǎn)知識(shí)講解IsuggestWaterCityRestaurantinWaterWorld.我推薦水上世界的水城餐館。（教材P193a）suggest作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“建議；提議”，其名詞形式為suggestion(建議；提議)。其用法如下：動(dòng)詞suggestsuggeststh.suggestdoingsth.suggest(that)sb.(should)dosth.adviseadvisesb.(not)todosth.advisedoingsth.名詞suggestion可數(shù)名詞advice不可數(shù)名詞2、OntheirwaytoWaterCityRestaurant,AliceandHeWeipassbyUncleBob's在他們?nèi)ニ遣宛^的路上，艾麗斯和何偉路過鮑勃叔叔的餐館。（教材P193a)(1)、onone'swayto…意為“在某人去……的路上”?！鬒metanoldclassmateofmineonmywaytowork.在去上班的路上，我遇到了一位老同學(xué)。拓展由way構(gòu)成的其他短語順便問/提一下______________在某種程度上______________迷路______________這樣；通過這種方法______________妨礙；擋道______________(2)、UncleBob's相當(dāng)于UncleBob'srestaurant。當(dāng)名詞所有格限定的是表示住宅、診所、商店等的名詞時(shí)，該名詞通常省略?！鬑eiscuttinghairatthebarber's(shop).他正在理發(fā)店理發(fā)。3、Forexample,"Wherearetherestrooms?"or“Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare?"aresimilarrequestsfordirectionstoaplace.例如，“公共廁所在哪里？”和“你能告訴我公共廁所在哪里嗎”是詢問地點(diǎn)的類似請(qǐng)求。（教材P22）request是可數(shù)名詞，意為要求，請(qǐng)求，其后常接“for+名詞”，意為......要求/請(qǐng)求?！鬢emustmakearequestforhelp.我們必須請(qǐng)求幫助。拓展request用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“要求,請(qǐng)求”，常見用法如下：①requestsbtodosth意為“請(qǐng)求某人干某事”◆__________________________________________他們要求他立刻離開。4、Thatisbecauseitisaverydirectquestion.那是的因?yàn)樗且粋€(gè)很直接的問題。（教材P222b)(l)、becauseitisaverydirectquestion此處作后is的表語，是表語從句?！鬞hequestionishowhedidit.問題是他是如何做此事的?！鬞hetroubleisthatIhavelosthisaddress.問題是我把他的地址丟了。(2)、direct此處用作形容詞，意為“直接的；直率的”，其反義詞為indirect.意為“間接的”，副詞為directly,意為“直接地”?！鬥ou'llhavetogetusedtohisdirectmanner.你得慢慢習(xí)慣他這種直率的方式。拓展direct用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“指導(dǎo)；導(dǎo)演；指路”。其名詞形式為direction5、Sometimesweevenneedtospendtimeleadingintoarequest.有時(shí)，我們甚至需要花些時(shí)間來導(dǎo)入一個(gè)請(qǐng)求。（教材P22)leadinto意為“引入；導(dǎo)入”。其中in為副詞，to為介詞，其后接名詞或代詞作賓語?！鬢eoftenuse“excuseme'"toleadintoarequest.我們常用“excuseme”來導(dǎo)入一個(gè)請(qǐng)求。拓展leadto意為“導(dǎo)致；通向”◆Toomuchworkandtoolittlerestoftenleadtoillness.過量的工作和過少的休息經(jīng)常引起疾病?！鬫___________________________條條大道通羅馬。Unit4Iusedtobeafraidofdark.課文回顧SectionA2dRoleplaytheconversation.Alfred:

This

party

is

such

a

great

idea!

Gina:

Iagree.

It’s

been

three

years

since

we

last

_____(see)our

primary

school

classmates.

Alfred:

It’s

_________(interest)to

see

how

people

have

changed.

Gina:

Billy

havechanged

so

much!

He

used

to

be

so

shy

and

quiet.

Alfred:

Yeah,

his

face

always

________(turn)red

when

he

talked_______girls!

Gina:

I

used

to

see

him

reading

in

the

library

every

day.

Alfred:That’s

_________

he

was

a

really

good

student.

He

studied

hard

and

got

good

scores

on

his

exams.

Gina:

Did

he

use

________(wear)

glasses?

Alfred:

Yes,

and

he

used

to

be

thin,too.

Look

athow

big

and

strong

he

is

now!

Gina:

He’s

so

popular

now.

Look

at

all

the

girls

around

him!

Unit4SectionA3aFromShyGirltoPopStarForthismonth’sYoungWorldmagazine,Iinterviewed19yearoldAsianpopstarCandyWang.Candytoldmethatsheusedtobereallyshyandtookup__________(sing)todeal__________her__________(shy).Asshegot__________(good),shedared__________(sing)infrontofherclass,andthenforthewholeschool.Nowshe’snotshyanymoreandlovessinginginfrontofcrowds.IaskedCandyhowlifewasdifferentaftershebecame__________(fame).Sheexplainedthattherearemanygoodthings,likebeingabletotravelandmeetnewpeopleallthetime.“Ididn’tusetobepopularinschool,butnowIgettonsofattentioneverywhereIgo.”However,too__________(many)attentioncanalsobeabadthing.“Ialwayshavetoworry__________howIappeartoothersandIhavetobeverycarefulabout__________Isayordo.AndIdon’thavemuchprivatetimeanymore.__________(hang)outwithfriendsisalmost__________(possible)formenowbecausetherearealways_________(保安)aroundme.”WhatdoesCandyhavetosaytoallthoseyoungpeoplewhowanttobeefamous?“Well,”shebegins__________(slow),“youhavetobepreparedtogiveupyournormallife.Youcanneverimagine__________difficulttheroadtosuccessis.ManytimesIthoughtabouttogiveup,butI__________(fight)on.Youreally__________(需要）alotof__________（天賦，才能）andhardworktosucceed.Onlyaverysmallnumberofpeople__________ittothetop.Unit4SectionB2bHeStudiesHarderThanHeUsedtoLiWenisanormal15yearoldboyfromthecountryside.Heworksveryhardanddoeswellinschool.Itishardtobelievethatheusedtohavedifficulties__________school.Whenhewasalittleboy,heseldomcausedanyproblems,andhisfamilyspentalotoftimetogether.However,thingsbegantochangeafewyearsago.Hisparentsmovedtothecitytolookforthejobs,andhisgrandparentscametotakecareofhim.Buthemissedhisparentssomuchandheoftenfelt__________(alone)andunhappy.LiWen’sunhappinessbeganto__________(影響)hisschoolwork.Hebecameless__________(interest)instudying.Sometimeshewas__________(缺席)fromclasses,andfailedhisexaminations.Finally,hisparentsmadea__________(decide)tosendhimtoaboardingschool.However,LiWennolongerlivedwithhisgrandmother.Hestudied,ateandsleptattheschool,LiWenwasshyandwasnotabletomakefriends__________(quick)inschool.Hefoundlifetheredifficult.Onedayhetoldhisteacherhewantedtoleavetheschool.Histeacherwasworried__________himandshecalledhisparents.Sheadvisedthem__________(talk)withtheirson__________person.Sohisparentstooka24hourtrainanda5hourbusridetogettoLiWen’sschool.

Theyhadalongtalk.“Itwas__________(exact)whatIneeded,”hesaid.“NowIunderstandthateventhoughtheyarebusy,theyarealwaysthinkingofme.Theytakepride__________everythinggoodthatIdo.”Afterthat,LiWen’sparentshadmuchmoremunicationwiththeirsonthantheyusedto.NowLiWenhasreallychanged.Hehasbeemoreoutgoingandmadesomegoodfriendsinschool.Hehasevenjoinedtheschoolbasketballteamandbeeactiveinmanyother__________(activity).“I’mmuch__________(happy)now,andIworkevenharderthanIusedto.Iknowmyparentslovemeandthey’realwaysproudofme,”saysLiWen.“It’sveryimportantforparentstobetherefortheirchildren.”重點(diǎn)句子講解1、It’sbeenthreeyearssincewelastsawourprimaryschoolclassmates.自從最近一次見過我們小學(xué)同學(xué)已經(jīng)三年了。(P26)（1）、“It

has

been

+

一段時(shí)間

+

since從句”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“自從做……以來已經(jīng)多久了”。這時(shí)從句謂語動(dòng)詞為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞?！鬒t’sbeen

two

years

since

he

joined

the

army.

他參軍兩年了。拓展last其他用法：用作動(dòng)詞，意為“持續(xù)”?！鬞hehotweather

willlastuntilSeptember.炎熱的天氣將持續(xù)到九月。用作形容詞，意為“上一個(gè)；最近的；最后的”?！鬗uchhaschangedsincemylastvisit.自我上次來訪后，變化很大。2、Candytoldmethatsheusedtobereallyshyandtookupsingingtodealwithhershyness.坎迪告訴我，她過去真的很害羞，開始學(xué)唱歌去對(duì)付害羞。（P27）（1）、takeup是由“動(dòng)詞+副詞”構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語，意為“開始從事”?！鬉ttheageofsixtyhetookuppaintingpictures.在60歲時(shí)他開始學(xué)畫畫。拓展takeup的其他用法：占（時(shí)間、地方等），消耗。◆LearningEnglishtakesupalotofmytime.學(xué)英語占了我許多時(shí)間。、dealwith意為“對(duì)付；應(yīng)付；處理；對(duì)待”?！鬥oushoulddealwithhimmorepolitely.你應(yīng)該待他更客氣一些。拓展dowith與dealwith都可作“處理”講。dowith常與連接代詞what連用，而dealwith常與連接副詞how連用。◆

Idon’tknowhowtheydealwiththeproblem.

=Idon’tknowwhattheydowiththeproblem.

我不知道他們?nèi)绾翁幚磉@個(gè)問題。3.Youreallyrequirealotoftalentandhardworktosucceed.想要成功，你真的需要許多才藝和辛勤的工作。（P27）require用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“需要；需求”。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：①、require+名詞或代詞。◆Hersuggestion

requires

carefulthought.她的建議需要慎重考慮。②、require+動(dòng)名詞?！鬥ourhair

requires

cutting.你的頭發(fā)需要剪了。require+不定式。這時(shí)主語通常是事物，不是人，不定式用被動(dòng)式。◆Thebaby

required

tobelookedafter.這嬰兒得有人照料。requiresb.todosth.要求某人做某事?！鬞hey

required

metokeepsilent.他們吩咐我別出聲。4、Itishardtobelievethatheusedtobea“problemchild”untilaconversationwithhisparentsinfluencedhiswayofthinking.直到和父母的一次交談?dòng)绊懥怂乃伎挤绞剑茈y相信他過去是個(gè)“問題兒童”。（P30）(1)、Itishardtobelievethat.是一個(gè)含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句。主句中it作形式主語，真正的主語是that引導(dǎo)的從句?！鬒tishardtobelievethattheyfinishedsomuchworkduringsuchashorttime.在這么短的一段時(shí)間內(nèi)他們完成了如此多的工作，這令人難以相信。(2)、influence此處用作動(dòng)詞，意為“影響；感染；對(duì)……起作用”◆Histeacher'swordsinfluencedhimforallhislife.老師的話影響了他的一生。拓展influence用作名詞，意為“影響”。常用短語有：①、have(an)influenceon….意為“對(duì)……有影響”?！鬫_____________________________________________________老師對(duì)學(xué)生有很大的影響。5、Asasmallchild,heseldomgavehisparentsanyproblems,andtheywereproudofhim.當(dāng)他是個(gè)小孩時(shí)，他很少給父母惹麻煩，父母以他為榮。（教材P302b)(l)、seldom作副詞，意為“不常；很少”，相當(dāng)于hardlyever,其反義詞為often(經(jīng)常)，通常置于實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前，助動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后。◆Sheseldomgoesoutbyherself.她很少獨(dú)自外出。、beproudof意為“為……驕傲；為……感到自豪”，of后可接名詞或動(dòng)名詞，和takepridein同義?！鬫_________________________________________我的家里人很為我驕傲。

6、Hewasoftenabsentfromclasses,andhefailedhisexaminations.他經(jīng)常逃課并且考試不及格。（教材P302b)(l)、beabsentfrom…意為“缺席……”。此處absent用作形容詞，意為“缺席；不在”?！鬉goodstudentwouldnotbeabsentfromclasses..好學(xué)生是不會(huì)逃課的。拓展absent用作動(dòng)詞，意為“缺席；不參加”，名詞是absence，反義詞是present出席的，在場的。◆Heabsentedhimselffromthemeetingyesterday..他昨天沒有出席會(huì)議。(2)、fail此處用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“不及格；失敗”；fail后可跟不定式，即failtodosth.意為“未能/沒能做某事”，而不是“做某事失敗”◆__________________________________________我未能通過駕照考試。7、Theheadteacheradvisedhisparentstotalkwiththeirsoninperson.校長建議他父母親自和他們的兒子談?wù)?。（教材P302b)advise的常用句式：①、advisedoingsth.意為“建議做某事”。◆Headvisedleavingearly.他建議早點(diǎn)動(dòng)身。②、advisesb.todosth.意為“建議某人做某事”?！鬫_________________________________________.醫(yī)生建議我徹底休息一下。(2)、inperson意為“親身；親自”◆Youshouldehereinpersontomorrow.明天你應(yīng)該親自來這兒。8、Toeveryone’ssurprise,thisconversationchangedLiWen’slife.使大家驚奇的是，這次談話改變了李文的一生。（P30）拓展①、“toone's＋情感名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)還有：toone'sjoy、toone'sregret、toone'sshame、toone'sdisappointment等?！鬞omydeepregret,Ilostthechancetogoabroad.令我遺憾的是我失去了出國的機(jī)會(huì)。②、含名詞surprise的短語：insurprise意為“驚奇地；吃驚地”?！鬔ohnturnedaroundandlookedatmeinsurprise.約翰轉(zhuǎn)過身來，驚奇地望著我。③、surprise還可用作動(dòng)詞，意為“使吃驚；使驚喜”?！鬚utthepresentsoutofsightsowecan

surprise

her.把禮物藏起來,我們給她個(gè)驚喜。surprise的形容詞形式有______________(吃驚的；驚奇的)和______________(令人驚奇的)。常用短語：______________t對(duì)……感到驚奇。課堂練習(xí)一.單句填空Heislookingforwardto（visityounextweek.Thecityhasallthefortable（convenient）Noproblem.Youdon’tneed___________(rush).Roserequestedhersister(notplay)withthedog.Myteacheralwaysgivesmesomeuseful(suggest).WeknowLincolnisnotonlyapresidentbutalsoagreat(speak).Thehousesinthe(center)partofthecityareveryexpensive.Isthe(Italy)restaurantnearbyopenonMondays?Weshouldbecarefulwhen(cross)thestreet.Summervacation________(normal)startsinearlyJuly.Youarereally(polite)toaskherageinpublic.Itseemsthat(say)ismucheasierthan(do).Alibraryisagoodplaceforthekids(open)theireyes.Couldyoupleasetellmehow(get)tothepostoffice?Thesickmanspendsabouthalfanhour(swim)everyafternoon.It'simportant(learn)howtousetherightlanguagesindifferentsituations.You’dbettervisitthezooduringthenightbecausethezoois(crowded)then.InAmerica,ifyouwanttovisityourfriend,you’dbettergettherealittle(early).完成句子學(xué)會(huì)在不同的場合運(yùn)用適當(dāng)?shù)恼Z言很重要。It'simportanttolearnhowtousesuitablelanguage.好的成績?nèi)Q于你在功課上是否努力學(xué)習(xí)。Goodgradeswhetheryouarehardworkingatyourlessons.沿著中心大道走，在第二個(gè)十字路口左拐。WalktheCenterStreetandatthesecondcrossing.似乎有一個(gè)搖滾樂隊(duì)每天晚上在那里演奏。thatarockbandplaysthereeveryevening.她已經(jīng)足夠大了，可以自主做決定。Sheisoldherowndecision.我們明天有空，所以我建議去鄉(xiāng)下看望爺爺奶奶。Wewillbefreetomorrow,soIthecountrysidetoseegrandparents.老師告訴這個(gè)男孩不要在玩游戲上花費(fèi)太多時(shí)間。Theteachertoldtheboynottotoomuchtimegames.如果你有困難，請(qǐng)向你的老師求助。Ifyouhaveanydifficulties,pleaseyourteacherhelp.第一個(gè)表達(dá)聽起來比第二個(gè)有禮貌的多。Thefirstexpressionmuchthanthesecondone.你能夠告訴我如何到達(dá)書店嗎?Couldyoupleasetellmethebookstore?句子翻譯你不需要倉促。_____________________________________________________________________________那是的因?yàn)樗且粋€(gè)很直接的問題。_____________________________________________________________________________有時(shí)，我們甚至需要花些時(shí)間來導(dǎo)入一個(gè)請(qǐng)求。_____________________________________________________________________________你可以告訴我洗手間在哪里嗎？_____________________________________________________________________________當(dāng)你參觀一個(gè)外國國家的時(shí)候，知道如何禮貌地尋求幫助是重要的。_____________________________________________________________________________兩者都是對(duì)的，但是第一個(gè)聽起來更加沒有那么禮貌。_____________________________________________________________________________好的發(fā)言者會(huì)在不同情況下改變他們說話的方式。_____________________________________________________________________________課后練習(xí)單句語法填空Maryisa________(缺席的)fromclasstodaybecausesheisinhospital.Parentstakep__________(自豪)intheirchildren’sprogressatschool.Thestudyshowschildren’sactioncanbe______(影響)bytheirparents’behaviour(行為).ZhuJunhadan_______(采訪)withthefamousscientistlastweek.Ithinkyoushouldtalkwithyourson__________.(親自)Some_______(Asia)cametothisinternationalschoollastFriday._______(Britain)EnglishisdifferentfromAmericanEnglishinsomeways.Theactorisvery_______(humor)andhealwaysmakesuslaugh.Studentsarerequired_______(learn)Englishwell.Youshouldtrytogetoveryour_______(shy).Hereadthe_______(introduce)carefullyandtriedtodoastheysaid.Hedidn’tdare_______(speak)infrontofthepeople.Mr.Zhangwentto_______(African)onbusinesslastweek.Katehopestovisit_______(Europe)countries.Allthepeopledidn’tsayanythingandtheykept_______(silence)allthetime.句子翻譯自從最近一次見過我們小學(xué)同學(xué)已經(jīng)三年了。_________________________________________________________________和朋友閑逛對(duì)我來說幾乎不可能因?yàn)樵谖抑車偸怯斜０病________________________________________________________________她過去真的很害羞，開始學(xué)唱歌去對(duì)付害羞。_________________________________________________________________校長建議他父母親自和他們的兒子談?wù)劇________________________________________________________________想要成功，你真的需要許多才藝和辛勤的工作。_________________________________________________________________他經(jīng)常逃課并且考試不及格。_________________________________________________________________語法：動(dòng)詞7大時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)英語動(dòng)詞的五種基本形式動(dòng)詞原形、第三人稱單數(shù)(現(xiàn)在時(shí))、過去式、過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞?，F(xiàn)在分詞1.一般在動(dòng)詞原形后直加inggosleepleavehavemaketakebeginswimstoplietiedie2.以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去e再加ing3.以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞，雙寫此輔音字母再加ing4.少數(shù)以ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變ie為y,再加ing時(shí)態(tài)的分類初中階段要求掌握的時(shí)態(tài)有六種：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)理解：過去完成時(shí)（過去將來時(shí)）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法、時(shí)間狀語用法例句1.表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作He_____________________________helpothers.他總是樂于助人。2.表示主語所具有的特征、性格、能力或存在的狀態(tài)，通常不帶時(shí)間狀語She____________________(能）playthepianaoverywell.3.表示客觀真理、科學(xué)事實(shí)、格言等Timeandtide____________noman.歲月不等人。4.表示按時(shí)間表、規(guī)定安排或計(jì)劃將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作Thetrain_______at7:30am.火車將于早上7點(diǎn)30發(fā)車。[注意]5.在時(shí)間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來的動(dòng)作，即主將從現(xiàn)Ifit________(不下雨）we’llgoonpicnicasplanned.I’llcallyouassoonasI____________(抵達(dá))Shanghai.常與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語:______________________________________________________________。一般過去時(shí)的用法、時(shí)間狀語用法例句1.表示過去某一具體時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)Who___you____atthemeetingthismorning?今天晨會(huì)上你看見誰了?2.表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的事。Healwayshaddinnerat7:00in2001.3.特別注意：usedto+動(dòng)詞原形，表過去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作而現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不發(fā)生了I__________________ateighto'clockinthesummerholiday.過去我署假常常八點(diǎn)起床。4.常與一般過去時(shí)連用的狀語:_______________________________________________________________一般將來時(shí);一般將來時(shí)的構(gòu)成一般將來時(shí)的用法用法條件例句"will/shall+動(dòng)詞原形”表示將來Therewillbe表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、情況或狀態(tài)IwillgotoHainanforholiday.我將要去海南度假。"begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形”表示將來表示現(xiàn)在的意圖，即打算在最近或?qū)碜龅哪呈拢髡Z一般是人Sheisgoingtobuyacarforhermother.她準(zhǔn)備給母親買輛車。表示現(xiàn)在已有跡象表明即將發(fā)生某事，主語通常是物It'sgoingtorain.要下雨了?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來某些位置移動(dòng)的詞如go,e,leave,arrive等常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來，通常表示按計(jì)劃或安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作Thebusising.汽車來了。*betodo表示將來表示已計(jì)劃或安排好的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)SheistocallmeonSunday.她將在周日給我打。*beabouttodo表示將來表示馬上就要發(fā)生的事，不強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀，一般不與具體的時(shí)間狀語連用Thetrainisabouttoleave·火車馬上就出發(fā)了?！局R(shí)拓展】常與一般將來時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語：____________________________________________________________________。【易錯(cuò)警示】begoingto和will的區(qū)別：begoingto既可指主觀打算也可指客觀跡象表明將要發(fā)生；will往往指沒有經(jīng)過計(jì)劃，臨時(shí)出現(xiàn)的意圖，常伴有說話者的主觀意思或?qū)肀厝灰l(fā)生的事情。例如：Itisgoingtosnow.要下雨了。(根據(jù)客觀跡象判斷)4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（1）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成:am/is/are+現(xiàn)在分詞（2）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法用法+常連用的時(shí)間狀語）例句表示此時(shí)此刻正在發(fā)生的事或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作（now，Look，Listen,atthismoment）Listen！Themother_______(讀）astorytoheryoungchildren.表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作（thisweek，thesedays，atpresent）Linda________________anewbookthesedays.琳達(dá)這幾天寫一本新書。Tom_______________atauniversityatpresent·湯姆目前在一所大學(xué)工作。【注意】表示位置移動(dòng)的某些動(dòng)詞(arrive,e,go,leave,depart離開,等)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示將要發(fā)生的、計(jì)劃或安排好的事情We________________________Africatomorrow.（動(dòng)身去非洲）。Whereareyougoing?Totheshop.Supperisread!I’ming!5.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)（1）過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的謂語構(gòu)成was/were+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞（ving）（2）過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法用法例句表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻或某時(shí)間段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作I________________(觀看）afootballmatchfrom9to11lastnightBob________________(睡覺）whenthetelephonerang.常與過去進(jìn)行時(shí)連用的狀語:atthattime在那時(shí);整個(gè)上午;atnineyesterdaymorning昨天上午9點(diǎn);atthistimeyesterday昨天這時(shí)候。When/while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句【注意】主句（過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)）+When引導(dǎo)的一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語從句，She________________（購物）whenI________（打）her主句（過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)、一般過去時(shí)態(tài))+while引導(dǎo)的過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語從句AnaccidenthappenedwhileI________________alongthestreet（沿著街道走）Lily________________forthetest(復(fù)習(xí)）whileherbrother________________TV（看電視）.6.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has助動(dòng)詞+done過去分詞過去分詞的規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化1.過去分詞的規(guī)則變化和過去式一致：eq\o\ac(○,1)一般情況下，在動(dòng)詞后直接加–ed：jump–jumpedeq\o\ac(○,2)以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾時(shí)直接加–d：bake–bakedeq\o\ac(○,3)以輔音加y結(jié)尾時(shí)去y變i加–ed：empty–emptied2.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞（本冊(cè)中出現(xiàn)的詞）：參考不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表，后面要求默寫AAA_______________________________________________________________ABB:_______________________________________________________________ABC:_______________________________________________________________現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法1.強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。常與already,yet,ever,never,just,before,sofar連用.Haveyouhadyourbreakfastyet?Yes,Ihave.Ihavelostmypen.我把鋼筆弄丟了。(過去某個(gè)時(shí)間丟的，強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在還沒有找到）表示從過去開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，(這個(gè)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)也許還會(huì)持續(xù)下去)常與for+時(shí)間段或since+（過去時(shí)間點(diǎn)）或since+從句（一般過去時(shí)）Greatchanges______________placeinChangshainthelasttenyears,練習(xí)1：選用for和since填空Wehaven’tseeneachother____________alongtime.Hisfatherhasbeeninthefactory__________10yearsago.3.Thefilmhasbeenon___________20minutes.4.Mr.Greenhasworkedhere_______________hecametoChina.5.Hisgrandparentshavebeendead__________severalyears.6.It’sfiveyears_________________wemetlasttime.三.常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的狀語：before以前，ever曾經(jīng)；just剛剛；never從不，從來沒有；recently近來，最近；since自從;already，yet已經(jīng)；inthe1ast/pastfew/years/weeks在過去的幾年/周里；manytimes許多次；sofar到目前為止；uptonow，tillnow到現(xiàn)在為止。例如Uptonow,theprogramhassavedthousandsofchildren.到目前為止，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目已經(jīng)挽救了成千上萬的孩子。Hisfirstnovelhasreceivedgoodreviewssinceitcameoutlastmonth.他的第一部小說自上個(gè)月出版以來得到很好地評(píng)價(jià)。四.區(qū)別：have/hasbeento曾經(jīng)去過某地（人已回）have/hasgoneto去了某地（人不在此地）have/hasbeenin一直在某地（接副詞there/here/home...省略to)She___________Japantwice.她去過日本兩次。Where’syourfather?He___________Beijingonbusiness.五，短暫性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞:（1）短暫性動(dòng)詞：常用的詞有begin；close；finish；lend借給；marry結(jié)婚，嫁；open打開等。短暫性動(dòng)詞不能與表示一段時(shí)間的for,since或howlong等狀語連用。(2)廷續(xù)性動(dòng)詞:指動(dòng)作發(fā)生后還可以延續(xù)一段時(shí)間。常用的詞有:have有;live居住，生活;rain下雨;sleep睡覺;study學(xué)習(xí);wait等候;work工作等。延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞可以和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語連用。例如:IhavealreadywaitedforTomfortwohours.我已經(jīng)等湯姆兩個(gè)小時(shí)了。（3）常用的非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)化:buyhave;borrowkeep;diebedead;marrybemarried;openbeopen（開放的）closebeclosed(關(guān)閉的）leavebeaway;joinbeamemberof/bein;start/beginbeongetto/reach/arrivein/arriveatbein.他死了四年了Hehavediedforfouryears(錯(cuò)！die為短暫性動(dòng)詞，不能接時(shí)間段)更改：Hehasbeendeadforfouryearsold.或Hediedfouryearsago.我買這自行車2年了：Ihaveboughtthisbikefortwoyears改錯(cuò)：________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________六、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)都表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去。但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是這一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果或影響等；而一般過去時(shí)只表示動(dòng)作在過去某一時(shí)間發(fā)生，不強(qiáng)調(diào)和現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。請(qǐng)比較下面兩個(gè)句子的不同：Isawthisfilmyesterday.Ihaveseenthisfilm.思考：哪種時(shí)態(tài)常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用？如yesterday,lastnight,threeweeksago,in1990等。7.過去完成時(shí)（1.）過去完成時(shí)的謂語構(gòu)成had+過去分詞（2）過去完成時(shí)的用法用法例句表示到過去某一時(shí)刻或動(dòng)作之前，已經(jīng)完成了的動(dòng)作，含有“過去的過去”之意。Bytheendoflasttern，hehadalreadylearned20newsongs.常與過去完成時(shí)連用的狀語：:before/by/bythetimeof/bytheendof+過去時(shí)間在....之前。時(shí)態(tài)的中考考點(diǎn)根據(jù)近5年中考真題分析可以看出，初中階段需掌握六種基本時(shí)態(tài)。學(xué)生應(yīng)掌握動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的判斷技巧來解題，如①根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語確定時(shí)態(tài)；②利用上下文語意判斷句子的時(shí)態(tài)；③根據(jù)上下文已有的時(shí)態(tài)信息確定時(shí)態(tài)；④在復(fù)合句中根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)、特殊對(duì)策等確定時(shí)態(tài)；⑤固定句型與動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)間的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系；【方法突破】1.根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語確定時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語判斷時(shí)態(tài)在中考中主要體現(xiàn)在單項(xiàng)選擇和詞語填空題型中。①now，atpresent，atthemoment，thesedays，look，listen等標(biāo)志著：_______________；②justnow，…ago，in1980，thismorning，yesterday，theotherday，usedto，lastnight/week/month/year…(last系列)等標(biāo)志著:____________；③at1：00lastnight，atthatmoment，thistimeyesterday等標(biāo)志著:_____；④tomorrow，fromnowon，soon，inthefuture，nextweek/month/year…(next系列)等標(biāo)志著:_________；⑤yet，just，before，recently，once，already，lately，ever，never，since1996，fortenyears等標(biāo)志著:______________；1)Mybrother________（change）alotsincehestartedjuniorhighschool.2.利用上下文語意判斷句子的時(shí)態(tài)如果一個(gè)英語句子中既沒有出現(xiàn)時(shí)間狀語，根據(jù)語意來判斷這個(gè)句子該用何種時(shí)態(tài)。1)Bequiet!Theotherstudents_______（sleep）2）Excuseme.LookatthesignNOPhotos!Sorry,I_____（see）it.3.根據(jù)上下文已有的時(shí)態(tài)信息確定時(shí)態(tài)有些試題雖然看起來沒有時(shí)間狀語提示詞，也不是出現(xiàn)在復(fù)合句中，但是上下句的動(dòng)作存在著明顯的時(shí)間順序差距，因此可根據(jù)上下文已有的時(shí)態(tài)來判斷本句所要選用的時(shí)態(tài)。4.在復(fù)合句中根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)確定時(shí)態(tài)主從復(fù)合句中謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的一致主要有以下幾種情況：①“主將從現(xiàn)”原則。如果主句是一般將來時(shí)，從句是由when，after，before，not…until，assoonas等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句以及由if，unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來時(shí)間。1)Henrywillgiveusareportassoonashe______（arrive）.②“時(shí)態(tài)一致”原則。在含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)主句的謂語動(dòng)詞為過去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞須用相應(yīng)的某種過去時(shí)態(tài)。1)Ididn'tunderstand________，soIraisedmyhandtoask.A.whatmyteachersaysB.whatdoesmyteachersayC.whatmyteachersaid2）Theteachertoldusthatlight________（travel）fasterthansound.③在主從復(fù)合句中，如果主句和從句的謂語動(dòng)詞表示的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都發(fā)生在過去，而且有明顯的先后順序，那么，延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，短暫性動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)。通常在when和while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中出現(xiàn)。⑤在含有“since從句”的主從復(fù)合句中，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句常用一般過去時(shí)。另外，在“It's＋一段時(shí)間＋since＋從句”句式中，since后面的從句一般用一般過去時(shí)。1）Rick________(learn)alotaboutChineseculturesincehecametoChina.5.固定句型與動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)間的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系①在“祈使句＋and/or＋陳述句”句型中，陳述句中用will表示一般將來時(shí)。1）Keeppracticingandyou________(improve)yourEnglish.②在This/That/Itisthefirsttimethat…句型中用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。有時(shí)以上結(jié)構(gòu)中的first也可換成second，third，fourth等；其中的time也可換成其他名詞。1）Doyouknowourtownatall?—No，thisisthefirsttimeI________here.was B.havebeen 被動(dòng)語態(tài)具體結(jié)構(gòu)見下表：現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成amis+doneareamis+being+donearewill+be+p.p.amis+goingtobe+done.arehave(has)+been+done過去時(shí)態(tài)一般過去時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去完成時(shí)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成was+donewerewas+being+donewerehad+been+p.p.shouldbedone課堂練習(xí)單項(xiàng)選擇。Paper,oneofthefourgreatestinventionsinancientChina,________byCaiLunabout2,000yearsago.A.wasinvented B.isinvented C.wereinvented D.areinvent Theteachertoldusthatlight_______fasterthansound.A.travelled B.hadtravelled C.istravelling D.travelsThere____someflowersontheteacher’sdeskjustnow,butnowthere____nothingonit.have;hasB.were;wasC.were;isD.has;hasHowdidtheaccidenthappen?Youknow,it_______difficulttose