精品文檔-下載后可編輯例下呼吸道感染患者痰培養(yǎng)病原菌及其藥物敏感試驗(yàn)分析【摘要】目的：分析下呼吸道感染的常見病原菌及其對抗菌藥物的敏感性，為臨床合理使用抗菌藥物提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。方法：回顧性分析2022年1月-2022年10月654例痰培養(yǎng)病原菌的耐藥性資料。結(jié)果：654例下呼吸道感染患者的痰標(biāo)本共檢出病原菌421株，檢出率為64.4%，其中革蘭陰性桿菌323株，占76.7%，前3位分別為大腸埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、銅綠假單胞菌；革蘭陽性球菌52株，占12.4%，以金黃色葡萄球菌為主；真菌28株，占6.7%。大腸埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、銅綠假單胞菌、鮑氏不動桿菌對碳青霉烯類、氨基糖苷類敏感性較高，對頭孢菌素類也產(chǎn)生了不同程度的耐藥，而對氨芐西林的耐藥率最高，達(dá)80%以上。革蘭陽性菌對利奈唑胺、替考拉寧、奎奴普汀-達(dá)福普汀100%敏感，對利福平、環(huán)丙沙星敏感性較高，對克拉霉素、青霉素、四環(huán)素、阿奇霉素均高度耐藥。結(jié)論：老年患者下呼吸道感染的主要病原菌為大腸埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、銅綠假單胞菌等革蘭陰性桿菌，其次為金黃色葡萄球菌及真菌。不同細(xì)菌對不同抗菌藥物敏感性不同，因此，應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)藥物敏感性試驗(yàn)，建立早期預(yù)警系統(tǒng)，指導(dǎo)臨床合理用藥。

【關(guān)鍵詞】抗菌藥物；合理用藥；病原菌；敏感性；耐藥性

TheDistributionandDrugSusceptibilityofthePrimaryPathogensfromSputumCulturein654PatientswithLowerRespiratoryTractInfection/CHENZai-ling.//MedicalInnovationofChina，2022，9(23):138-140

【Abstract】Objective:Toinvestigatethedistributionofprimarypathogensfromsputumcultureinthepatientswithlowerrespiratorytractinfectionandanalyzetheantimicrobialsusceptibilityandtoprovideevidencesforclinicaltherapy.Method:Thedataofthedistributionandantimicrobialsusceptibilityofthepathogens，whichwereisolatedfromthepatientsinourhospitalbysputumculturefromJan.2022toOct.2022，werestudiedretrospectively.Result:Totally421strainsofpathogens，includingfungi，wereisolatedfrom654sputumspecimens，andtherelevanceratioofthepathogenswas64.4%.323strainswereGramnegativebacilli(76.7%)，amongwhichthetopthreewereEscherichiacoli，Klebsiellapneumoniae，Pseudomonasaeruginosa.52strainswereGrampositivecocci(12.4%)，amongwhichthemostcommonwasStaphylococcusaureus.28strainswerefungi，accountedfor6.7%.Escherichiacoli，Klebsiellapneumoniae，Pseudomonasaeruginosa，Acinetobacterbaumaniiweremoresensitivitytocarbapenems，aminoglycosides，andresistanttocephalosporinstosomeextent，andmostresistanttoampicillin.Theirdrugresistanceratestoampicillinwereover80%.AllgramnegativebacilliweresensitivetoLinezolid，teicoplanin，quinupristin-dalfoprisdnentirely，andsensitivitytorifampicin，ciprofloxacintosomeextent，andhighlyresistanttoclarithromycin，penicillin，tetracycline，azithromycin.Conclusion:TheprimarypathogenswereEscherichiacoli，Klebsiellapneumoniae，Pseudomonasaeruginosaintheelderpatientswithlowerrespiratorytractinfection，andthenextwereStaphylococcusaureusandfungi.Thepathogenshaddifferentsensitivitiestovariouskindsofantibacterial.Weshouldstrengthenclinicald